US3700505A - Coating ferrous base metal articles - Google Patents
Coating ferrous base metal articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3700505A US3700505A US105650A US3700505DA US3700505A US 3700505 A US3700505 A US 3700505A US 105650 A US105650 A US 105650A US 3700505D A US3700505D A US 3700505DA US 3700505 A US3700505 A US 3700505A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oxide layer
- metal
- group iii
- coating
- article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 38
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 27
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 23
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 STEEL Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 55
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006263 metalation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004347 surface barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003582 thiophosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to coatings for ferrous base alloys, for example, to coatings containing metals selected from Group III of the Periodic Table, such as aluminum, and to processes for preparing such coatings.
- the ferrous base metal articles that are to be coated may be formed of iron, steel, or ferrous base alloys.
- the invention is particularly applicable to carbon steels (having a carbon content from about 0.10% by weight to about 0.40% by weight), and especially to weldable carbon steels, because of their ready availability, their comparatively advantageous economic position, and their otherwise convenient maintainability.
- the surface of the ferrous base metal article to be protected is formed with a tightly adherent oxide layer.
- the oxide layer formed by heating the article in air to temperatures in the range below the point at which the oxide layer spalls off. This is accomplished, for example, by heating the article in atmospheric oxygen to temperatures in the range from about 300 F., to about 800 F.
- the oxide layer may be formed in controlled oxidizing atmospheres. It special oxidizing atmospheres are employed, the required temperatures, of course, may be changed.
- the oxide layer may be formed by exposure to the atmosphere at ambient temperatures for sufiicient time to form the oxide film. In any case, temperatures and the time of oxidation are maintained at conditions suflicient to form an adherent oxide film on the metal and oxidation is discontinued prior to the formation of a loose, flaky, non-adherent film.
- said oxide layer is treated with at least one metal in Group III of the Periodic Table.
- the Group III metal may be, for example, aluminum, scandium, yttrium, or the rare earth metals.
- the Group III metal is reacted in solid phase with the oxide layer.
- One procedure for the solid phase reaction is to frictionally contact the surface of the oxide layer with a solid form of Group III metal, as by rubbing, brushing, buffing, and the like, This may be performed, for example, by frictionally rubbing a foil of the Group III metal against the oxide layer, or by applying a powder onto the oxide layer and bufling thereagainst, or by shot peening the Group III metal against the oxide layer.
- Another procedure is to disperse comminuted Group III metal particles in a hydrocarbon and to apply the dispersion to the oxide layer, after which the hydrocarbon is evaporated, and the metal buffed against the oxide layer.
- aluminum foil may be rubbed frictionally against the oxide layer at ambient temperatures. Sufficient energy is applied in the frictional contacts during rubbing to cause a reaction between the oxide layer and the aluminum.
- the Group IH metal is applied in solid form to the oxide layer.
- ambient temperatures are adequate for reaction of Group III metal in solid phase with the oxide layer, but in certain instances elevated temperatures may be desirable, and, in any event, the temperatures must be maintained in a range in which the oxide layer will not spall off by the heating. It the oxide layer is formed on the ferrous base metal by heating, it may be advantageous to apply the Group III metal prior to complete cooling of the article.
- the Group In metal will be applied in solid form with the oxide layer in temperatures ranging from ambient to the point of critical transformation of the ferrous base metal article, the latter of which tends to cause the oxide layer to spall off.
- Yttrium and rare earth metals desirably are reacted with the oxide layer as powders. Because the powdered forms of the yttrium and rare earth metals are pyrophoric,
- yttrium may be applied thereto under the protection of a hydrocarbon, and then the hydrocarbon is evaporated.
- the rare earth metals usually occur in mixtures, such as misch metal. They are conveniently applied, therefore, as mixtures.
- Group III metals may be advantageous for some uses.
- a series of Group III metals may be reacted with the oxide layer. For example, it may be desirable first to apply aluminum, and next to apply yttrium, or misch metal, to the oxide layer.
- Chromium metal may be applied to the oxide layer in finely divided form, for example, as a comminuted powder under the protection of a hydrocarbon, and after such treatment the hydrocarbon is evaporated.
- the oxide layer may be further complexed with a metal from Group V of the Periodic Table. This may be with or without the additional step of complexing with chromium.
- exemplary Group V metals are: vanadium, columbium, and tantalum. These metals may be complexed in solid form with the oxide layer by using the procedures described above in connection with the Group III metals.
- the application of the Group III metal as disclosed above results in some sort of reaction with the oxide layer not fully understood, but it is believed, for example, that aluminum forms a complex compound with the iron oxide layer. In any case, a tough adherent coating is formed. An excess of Group III metal for reaction with the oxide layer is applied.
- the Group III in the coating is oxidized. This may be performed by treating with a phosphorus containing acidic compound.
- the phosphorus containing acid compounds include the phosphoric acids, such as ortho-phosphoric acid, thiophosphoric acids, and the acid salts and/or acid esters of the foregoing.
- the esters may include the mono-alkyl acid phosphates, dialkyl acid phosphates, and dialkyl acid pyrophosphates.
- some of the phosphorus containing acidic compounds may be preferred to the others, and not all of the foregoing may be suitable or equally desirable for all purposes. By reason of its cost and availability, ortho-phosphoric acid is preferred for many purposes.
- the phosphorus containing acidic compounds are conveniently applied by spraying on the article, or by dipping the article in a bath containing the phosphorus compound.
- the phosphorus containing acid compounds are believed to react with the Group III metal that has been complexed on the oxide layer to form a water-insoluble salt.
- the article may be washed with water and Other oxidizing operations are contemplated, for example, treating with nitric acid, as well as other known oxidizing techniques.
- the oxidation of the Group III metal improves the coating in many important physical characteristics.
- the coating is made electrically insulative, which has many useful applications.
- the coating is also made more corrosive resistant.
- the coating after the Group III metal has been oxidized is subject to further treatment with other metals, for example, the Group V metals, as by the techniques set forth above.
- the oxidation of the Group IH metal may be performed in a configuration that will provide selected electn'cal characteristics. For instance, a ribbon of Group HI metal may be un-oxidized, while the remainder is oxidized to provide an electrical conductor on the surface of the coating. At least a portion of the Group III metal is oxidized, however, to provide benefits to the coating.
- Example 1 The surface of a piece of carbon steel plate was oxidized by heating in air to ranges from 500 F. to 700 F., to form an adherent oxide film thereon. The oxide film was rubbed with aluminum foil until an excess of aluminum was noted on the surface. The article then was dipped in a bath of technical grade concentrated phosphoric acid. The article was maintained in the phosphoric acid bath during the reaction evidenced by the formation of hydrogen gas. After the evolution of hydrogen gas had discontinued, the article was lifted from the bath, the excess phosphoric acid removed, and the article cleaned by washing with tap water, and allowed to dry.
- the article so treated was tested for its resistance to corrosion by hot water in a humidity bath over a 48 hour period. No visible corrosion was apparent.
- Example 2 The same procedure is followed as set forth in Example 1, except that after the frictional application of aluminum foil, comminuted yttrium powder dispersed in propane is sprayed on the oxide layer. The propane is volatilized and the article immediately dipped in the phosphoric acid bath.
- Example3 The same procedure is employed as set forth in Example 1, except that after the frictional application of aluminum foil, misch metal dispersed in propane is sprayed on the oxide layer. The article thereafter is dipped in the phosphoric acid bath.
- Example 4 The same procedure is followed as set forth in Example 1, except that after the frictional application of aluminum foil, the oxide layer is further treated with comminuted columbium metal particles. The article thereafter was dipped in the phosphoric acid bath.
- Example 5 A stainless steel 18-8 plate was heated to about 1300 F. for one hour to form an oxide film on the surface. The oxide film was rubbed with aluminum foil until excess aluminum was apparent on the surface. The aluminum is then oxidized by dipping in nitric acid.
- the invention lends itself to many applications.
- the ferrous base metal article may be first fabricated to the desired shape, such as a turbine blade, reaction vessel, or die, and then subjected to the coating process described hereinabove.
- the coating forms a water insoluble layer that resists corrosion by water and steam at elevated temperatures.
- the water systems are maintained at an alkaline pH.
- the coating described herein may be used to improve the corrosion resistance of parts used in such systems.
- the coating also forms a dielectric layer or electrically insulative layer.
- the coating may be used to provide electrical insulation between electrical conductors.
- a process according to claim 1 in which said oxidation step comprises treating said Group III metal with a phosphorus containing acidic compound.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10565071A | 1971-01-11 | 1971-01-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3700505A true US3700505A (en) | 1972-10-24 |
Family
ID=22307031
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US105650A Expired - Lifetime US3700505A (en) | 1971-01-11 | 1971-01-11 | Coating ferrous base metal articles |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3700505A (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3833430A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1974-09-03 | Varian Associates | Treatment of stainless steel and similar alloys to reduce hydrogen outgassing |
US3883370A (en) * | 1971-01-11 | 1975-05-13 | Jerome J Kanter | Electrical barrier layer coating and method for making same |
US3890456A (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-06-17 | United Aircraft Corp | Process of coating a gas turbine engine alloy substrate |
US3928906A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1975-12-30 | Kelsey Hayes Co | Method of making a turbine regenerative seal |
US3954512A (en) * | 1972-08-11 | 1976-05-04 | Kanter Jerome J | Protective coating of ferrous base metal articles |
US4202915A (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1980-05-13 | The Tainton Company | Mechanical plating process |
US4229234A (en) * | 1978-12-29 | 1980-10-21 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Passivated, particulate high Curie temperature magnetic alloys |
US4293584A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-10-06 | Clayton Erith T | Method of plating with a portable mechanical plater |
US4525425A (en) * | 1981-05-11 | 1985-06-25 | El-Chem Corporation | Water and oil repellent metal oxide-organic combination coating systems and method of making same |
US4562104A (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1985-12-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Adhesive bonding of scatter coated metal objects |
DE3500935A1 (en) * | 1985-01-12 | 1986-07-17 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München | COMPONENT WITH CORROSION-RESISTANT OXIDIC COATING APPLIED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF A METAL CONSTRUCTION |
US4987000A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1991-01-22 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Mechanical plating process |
US5066548A (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1991-11-19 | Institut Recherches De La Siderurgie Francais - Irsid | Protective coated iron and steel products |
US5248521A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1993-09-28 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Method for repairing a coating surface |
US5342694A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1994-08-30 | Henkel Corporation | Treating an autodeposited coating with an alkaline material |
US5441763A (en) * | 1994-04-05 | 1995-08-15 | A.O. Smith Corporation | Method of corrosion protecting steel structural components |
-
1971
- 1971-01-11 US US105650A patent/US3700505A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3883370A (en) * | 1971-01-11 | 1975-05-13 | Jerome J Kanter | Electrical barrier layer coating and method for making same |
US3928906A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1975-12-30 | Kelsey Hayes Co | Method of making a turbine regenerative seal |
US3954512A (en) * | 1972-08-11 | 1976-05-04 | Kanter Jerome J | Protective coating of ferrous base metal articles |
US3833430A (en) * | 1972-12-26 | 1974-09-03 | Varian Associates | Treatment of stainless steel and similar alloys to reduce hydrogen outgassing |
US3890456A (en) * | 1973-08-06 | 1975-06-17 | United Aircraft Corp | Process of coating a gas turbine engine alloy substrate |
US4562104A (en) * | 1977-07-06 | 1985-12-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Adhesive bonding of scatter coated metal objects |
US4202915A (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1980-05-13 | The Tainton Company | Mechanical plating process |
US4229234A (en) * | 1978-12-29 | 1980-10-21 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Passivated, particulate high Curie temperature magnetic alloys |
US4293584A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1981-10-06 | Clayton Erith T | Method of plating with a portable mechanical plater |
US4525425A (en) * | 1981-05-11 | 1985-06-25 | El-Chem Corporation | Water and oil repellent metal oxide-organic combination coating systems and method of making same |
US5342694A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1994-08-30 | Henkel Corporation | Treating an autodeposited coating with an alkaline material |
DE3500935A1 (en) * | 1985-01-12 | 1986-07-17 | M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München | COMPONENT WITH CORROSION-RESISTANT OXIDIC COATING APPLIED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF A METAL CONSTRUCTION |
US5066548A (en) * | 1986-02-06 | 1991-11-19 | Institut Recherches De La Siderurgie Francais - Irsid | Protective coated iron and steel products |
US4987000A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1991-01-22 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Mechanical plating process |
US5248521A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1993-09-28 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Method for repairing a coating surface |
US5441763A (en) * | 1994-04-05 | 1995-08-15 | A.O. Smith Corporation | Method of corrosion protecting steel structural components |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3700505A (en) | Coating ferrous base metal articles | |
US3954512A (en) | Protective coating of ferrous base metal articles | |
US2777785A (en) | Composition for and method of treating metals as well as the treated product | |
US2487137A (en) | Producing coatings on metal | |
US3869293A (en) | Inorganic coating compositions and a method | |
US4141760A (en) | Stainless steel coated with aluminum | |
US3535168A (en) | Metal treating process | |
US2846342A (en) | Bonding coats for metal | |
US2250508A (en) | Treating zinc with organic acids | |
GB2048961A (en) | Protective compositions for steel surfaces | |
US2813812A (en) | Method for coating iron or zinc with phosphate composition and aqueous solution therefor | |
CN1141964A (en) | Anti-rust agent for treatment of metal surface and using method of same | |
US3519495A (en) | Process for coating metal surfaces | |
US4293349A (en) | Protective compositions for steel surfaces and the process for their preparation | |
US1303627A (en) | Treatment of iron or steel or other articles | |
US3883370A (en) | Electrical barrier layer coating and method for making same | |
US2901385A (en) | Micro-crystalline bonding coats for metal | |
US2327002A (en) | Coated article and method of making the same | |
US3767476A (en) | Method and composition for phosphatizing steel under pressure | |
US4582727A (en) | Varnish-bonded, carbon-coated metal products | |
US3573111A (en) | High lubricity corrosion resistant threaded fastener and method | |
US3372064A (en) | Method for producing black coatings on metal surfaces | |
JPS61253358A (en) | Surface treatment of sintered mechanical parts | |
US3585068A (en) | Chromising of ferrous metal substrates | |
US2045499A (en) | Method of and material for coating metal surfaces |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KANTER, HARRIET F. TRUSTEE TRUST B JEROME KANTER, Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:KANTER, JEROME J. DEC D.;REEL/FRAME:004324/0543 Effective date: 19840824 Owner name: KANTER, MICHAEL E. TRUSTEE TRUST B JEROME KANTER D Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:KANTER, JEROME J. DEC D.;REEL/FRAME:004324/0543 Effective date: 19840824 Owner name: HILL, JUDITH K. TRUSTEE TRUST B JEROME KANTER DEC Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:KANTER, JEROME J. DEC D.;REEL/FRAME:004324/0543 Effective date: 19840824 |