US3682144A - Control device for fuel supply in internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Control device for fuel supply in internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3682144A
US3682144A US24759A US3682144DA US3682144A US 3682144 A US3682144 A US 3682144A US 24759 A US24759 A US 24759A US 3682144D A US3682144D A US 3682144DA US 3682144 A US3682144 A US 3682144A
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Prior art keywords
winding
electrode
current
transistor
circuit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US24759A
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English (en)
Inventor
Seiji Suda
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Hitachi Ltd
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H01F7/1838—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current by switching-in or -out impedance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
    • H03K17/041—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0416—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
    • H03K17/04166—Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit in bipolar transistor switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/2017—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost current or using reference switching

Definitions

  • FIG 2a PRIOR ART 60/1/0110 77%? c Cur OFF 6 5 3
  • FIG 2b V F/G 4 s u t b IN 'ENTOR ATTORNEY CONTROL DEVICE FOR FUEL SUPPLY IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1.
  • the present invention relates to a control device of the fuel supply system for internal combustion engines. More particularly, the invention resides in improving the performance characteristics of solenoid valves used as controlling means, thereby permitting a highly precise control of the fuel supply.
  • a fuel injection nozzle is located at each inlet stub of an internal combustion engine, whereby the amount of fuel to be injected from the injection nozzle is controlled by means of a controlling valve.
  • the control of the fuel amount Q may be effected by varying the flow rate g and/or the period of time t.
  • the control may be realized through variation of the amount of release and/or the opening time of the controlling valve.
  • the controlling valve is classified into the mechanical control type and the electromagnetic control type (a solenoid valve), and the latter is more advantageous for apparatus which determine the amount of fuel to be supplied to internal combustion engines depending upon the conditions.
  • control by means of the electromagnetic valve is easier with variations in the time width of opening time than with those in the amount of the opening.
  • the electrical signals are operated to provide a pulse-shaped drive voltage of a desired time width, which is then impressed upon the electromagnetic coil to change the opening time width of the valve.
  • the rate of variations in the amount of fuel is of a very small value. Therefore, in order to precisely control the amount, a small flow rate 3 and a large time width 1 are more advantageous.
  • the initiation of the opening of the electromagnetic valve is often controlled so as to enable fuel to be injected during a period in which a suction valve is opened in synchronism with the rotation of a crank-shaft of an internal combustion engine.
  • An excessive opening time width 2 is therefore not desirable.
  • the excessive opening time width t poses a problem in that it may possibly overlap the subsequent injection.
  • the electromagnetic valve exhibits an opened moment which lags over the pulse-shaped drive voltage applied to the electromagnetic coil, and hence this delay time should also be taken into consideration.
  • the maximum opening time width 1, becomes an extremely small value.
  • a feature of the invention resides in that there are shortened both a delay time measuring from the impression of a drive voltage upon an electromagnetic coil of the solenoid valve to the completion of the opening of the valve and a delay time measuring from the removal of the drive voltage to the closure of the valve, with the result that a wider control of the maximum opening time width r is made possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a prior art electrical connection conventionally used in driving a solenoid valve
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b are waveform diagrams of voltages at the drive of a solenoid valve
  • FIG. 3 is an electrical connection diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a current characteristic curve in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are electrical connection diagrams respectively showing further embodiments.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises a series circuit connected to a terminal 1 of a power source and consisting of an electromagnetic coil 2, a resistor 3 and the emitter-collector circuit of a transistor 4 for control, and a signal circuit having the base of the transistor 4 connected through a resistor 5 to a signal input terminal 6.
  • a bias voltage is impressed upon the signal input terminal 6 thereby to control the internal resistance across the emitter and collector of the transistor 4, a current is caused to flow through the electromagnetic coil 2 which may be controlled to operate the opening and closure of the solenoid valve.
  • this moment is the instant at which the opening of the valve is completed, and the period of time Td is the delay time in opening the electromagnetic valve.
  • the terminal voltage V of the electromagnetic coil 2 is slowly attenuated thereafter.
  • Variations in this region are caused by demagnetization of magnetic materials included in the magnetic circuit, and the terminal voltage V is damped following the speed of demagnetization.
  • the curve is observed to have another inflection point at a moment at which a period of time Td, has elapsed after removal of the drive voltage.
  • the inflection point is due to a variation in the permeance which in turn is caused by the fact that energy in the magnetic circuit decreases to reduce the attractive force whereby the plunger has been reset.
  • this moment is the instant at which the closure of the solenoid valve is finished, and the period of time Td is the closure delay time.
  • Such two delay times as mentioned may be shortened by improving the magnetic material, but such an improvement is subject to limitations.
  • the present invention makes the two delay times still shorter through an appropriate control of a current flowing through the electromagnetic coil.
  • FIG. 3 realizes the reduction in the time delay by connecting a capacitor 7 in parallel with the resistor 3.
  • the respective values of the circuit elements are determined such that when the transistor 4 is brought into the conductive state, a steady current caused to flow through the electromagnetic coil 2 becomes equal to or slightly higher than a holding current required to maintain the opened state of the electromagnetic valve, and in addition, a current caused to flow through the electromagnetic coil 2 in the process of a transient phenomenon and dependent upon the inductive reactance L as well as winding resistance r of the coil 2, the value R of the resistor 3 and the value C of the capacitor 7 becomes larger than the opening current of the solenoid valve, this transient phenomenon being non-oscillatory.
  • control may be similarly effected by using a transistor circuit connected across the resistor 3 in place of the capacitor 7. Control is also possible by controlling the internal resistance across the emitter and collector electrodes of the transistor 4.
  • the resistor 3 is connected in parallel with the emitter-collector circuit of a transistor 8, the base electrode of which is connected to the input terminal 6 through a resistor 9 and a capacitor 7'.
  • the emitter-collector circuit of the transistor 4 is brought to the conductive state. Since the terminal voltage of the capacitor 7' is not charged in the initial region, the signal voltage is simultaneously biased in the forward direction, the base-emitter circuit of the transistor 8 through the capacitor 7 and the resistor 9, thereby bringing the emitter-collector circuit of the same to the conductive state.
  • the impedance of this current circuit is of a low value due to the inductive reactance L as well as the winding resistance r of the electromagnetic winding 2, and hence the current is high and quickly completes the opening of the electromagnetic valve.
  • the capacitor 7' after a current has flowed therethrough for a predetermined period of time, has its terminal voltage raised, so that the base current of the transistor 8 is reduced. Therefore the internal resistance across the emitter and collector circuit thereof is increased, with the result that the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 2 is decreased.
  • the transistor 8 reaches the non conductive state, the current which flows through the electromagnetic coil 2 will be reduced to a holding current determined by the winding resistance r of the coil 2 and the resistance R of the resistor 3.
  • the emitter-collector circuit of the transistor 4 When the signal voltage having been impressed upon the input terminal 6 is removed after the lapse of a predetermined period of time, the emitter-collector circuit of the transistor 4 will become non-conductive and the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 2 will also be cut off. Since the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 2 at this moment is the holding current which is relatively small, the counter electromotive force is small and consequently the solenoid valve is rapidly reset. Simultaneously, charges stored in the capacitor 7' are discharged through the low impedance of the diode 10 in the forward direction, and preparations are made for the subsequent operation.
  • a still further embodiment shown in P10. 6 has the capacitor 7' connected in parallel with the base resistor 5 of the transistor 4.
  • the resistance of the resistor 5 is set so that the collector current of the transistor 4 may be made the holding current of the electromagnetic valve by means of a signal voltage to be impressed upon the input terminal 6.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 7' is set so that such a high current that the collector current of the transistor 4 can open the solenoid valve as quickly as possible, may be caused to flow through the capacitor 7' during a very short period of time between impression of the signal voltage and opening of the solenoid valve.
  • a large current is caused to flow through an electromagnetic coil at the initiation of the opening of an electromagnetic valve thereby to quickly complete the opening, while thereafter the current is interrupted after being once reduced to a holding current, with the result that particularly the time delay may be conspicuously shortened.
  • the electromagnetic valve may be satisfactorily controlled even when the opening time width 1 is made relatively large, thus permitting a highly precise control of the fuel supply.
  • a control circuit for controlling the supply of fuel in an internal combustion engine including a solenoid valve for controlling the amount of fuel to be supplied to the internal combustion engine through the flow of current through the electromagnetic winding of said solenoid valve, one side of said winding being connected to a source of supply voltage over a predetermined period of time, said circuit comprising:
  • an input terminal for supplying a control signal having a prescribed duration extending from a first portion for initiating the fiow of current through said winding to a second portion for terminating the flow of current through said winding, the duration of said current flow through said winding controlling the length of time that said solenoid valve is energized, to thereby effect the supply of fuel to said engine over said predetermined period of time;
  • switching means coupled between said input terminal and said winding, for switching into said winding a current from said source of supply voltage in response to said control signal, the amplitude of said control signal over said prescribed duration being sufficient to energize said switching means;
  • said switching means comprises a first transistor, a first electrode of which is resistively connected to said solenoid winding, a second electrode of which is connected to a reference potential and a third electrode of which is resistively connected to said input terminal and wherein said circuit means comprises a capacitor connected in parallel with the resistive connection of one of said electrodes of said first transistor.
  • circuit means comprises a capacitor connected in parallel with the resistive connection of said first electrode of said first transistor with said solenoid winding.
  • circuit means comprises a capacitor connected in parallel with a resistive connection of said third electrode of said first transistor with said input terminal.
  • said first electrode of said first transistor is the collector electrode thereof, said second electrode is the emitter electrode thereof, and said third electrode is the base electrode thereof.
  • a control circuit for controlling the supply of fuel in an internal combustion engine including a solenoid valve for controlling the amount of fuel to be supplied to the internal combustion engine through the flow of current through the electromagnetic winding of said solenoid valve, one side of said winding being connected to a source of supply voltage over a predetermined period of time, said circuit comprising:
  • an input terminal for supplying a control signal having a prescribed duration extending from a first portion for initiating the flow of current through said winding to a second portion for terminating the flow of current through said winding, the duration of said current flow through said winding controlling the length of time that said solenoid valve is energized, to thereby effect the supply of fuel to said engine over said predetermined period of time;
  • switching means coupled between said input termeans coupled to said switching means for substantially shortening any delay time existing between the flow and cut-off of current of a sufficient magnitude to energize said winding, so as to effect the supply of fuel to said engine, including circuit means for supplying a substantially large current to said winding in response to said first portion of said control signal, so as to energize said valve winding to open said valve, and for reducing the counterelectromotive force in said winding upon the occurrence of said second portion of said control signal and for maintaining the supply of current of a sufficient magnitude to keep said winding energized prior to said second portion of said control signal, wherein said switching means comprises a first transistor, a first electrode of which is resistively connected to said solenoid winding, a second electrode of which is connected to a reference potential and a third electrode of which is resistively connected to said input terminal, wherein said circuit means comprises a second transistor having first and second electrodes thereof connected across the resistive connection between said first electrode of said first transistor and said solenoid winding and a third electrode
  • circuit means comprises a resistor-capacitor series connection between said third electrode of said second transistor and said input terminal, and a diode connected between a junction of said resistor and capacitor connected in series forming said series connection, and said reference potential.
  • said first, second and third electrodes of said second transistor are the collector, emitter and base electrodes thereof, respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Flow Control (AREA)
US24759A 1969-04-02 1970-04-01 Control device for fuel supply in internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3682144A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44024763A JPS4945251B1 (de) 1969-04-02 1969-04-02

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JP (1) JPS4945251B1 (de)
DE (1) DE2015589B2 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896346A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-07-22 Electronic Camshaft Corp High speed electromagnet control circuit
US4008420A (en) * 1974-07-22 1977-02-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchable high-frequency magnetic rotary fields
US4180026A (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-12-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for controlling the operating current of electromagnetic devices
US4200063A (en) * 1978-03-20 1980-04-29 General Motors Corporation Engine fuel injection control apparatus with simultaneous pulse width and frequency adjustment
DE3045639A1 (de) * 1979-12-04 1981-08-27 Aisan Kogyo K.K., Obu, Aichi "vorrichtung und verfahren zum treiben eines ventils einer kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung fuer einen innenverbrennungsmotor"
WO1990002872A1 (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-03-22 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a solenoid operated fuel injector
US5267545A (en) * 1989-05-19 1993-12-07 Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty. Limited Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of a solenoid
EP0999355A2 (de) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-10 Siemens Automotive Corporation Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit erweitertem Spannungsbereich
US6457457B1 (en) * 1997-09-20 2002-10-01 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Control method

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4516184A (en) * 1981-12-29 1985-05-07 Noboru Tominari Circuit device for driving electromagnetically movable unit at high speed with single power source
DE19712057A1 (de) * 1997-03-24 1998-10-01 Braunewell Markus Elektromagnetischer Antrieb E 7
JP6581420B2 (ja) * 2015-07-31 2019-09-25 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 燃料噴射装置の制御装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2317888A (en) * 1940-12-10 1943-04-27 Signal Engineering & Mfg Co Operating circuit for electrical devices
US2886015A (en) * 1956-10-26 1959-05-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection arrangement
US2934050A (en) * 1956-09-10 1960-04-26 Bendix Aviat Corp Driver circuit for fuel injector
US3021454A (en) * 1958-04-11 1962-02-13 Bendix Corp Control circuit for electromagnetic devices
US3116441A (en) * 1960-02-19 1963-12-31 Itt Circuit for maintaining a load energized at decreased power following energization
US3240191A (en) * 1962-06-07 1966-03-15 Ass Eng Ltd Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2317888A (en) * 1940-12-10 1943-04-27 Signal Engineering & Mfg Co Operating circuit for electrical devices
US2934050A (en) * 1956-09-10 1960-04-26 Bendix Aviat Corp Driver circuit for fuel injector
US2886015A (en) * 1956-10-26 1959-05-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection arrangement
US3021454A (en) * 1958-04-11 1962-02-13 Bendix Corp Control circuit for electromagnetic devices
US3116441A (en) * 1960-02-19 1963-12-31 Itt Circuit for maintaining a load energized at decreased power following energization
US3240191A (en) * 1962-06-07 1966-03-15 Ass Eng Ltd Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3896346A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-07-22 Electronic Camshaft Corp High speed electromagnet control circuit
US4008420A (en) * 1974-07-22 1977-02-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchable high-frequency magnetic rotary fields
US4180026A (en) * 1976-03-26 1979-12-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for controlling the operating current of electromagnetic devices
US4200063A (en) * 1978-03-20 1980-04-29 General Motors Corporation Engine fuel injection control apparatus with simultaneous pulse width and frequency adjustment
DE3045639A1 (de) * 1979-12-04 1981-08-27 Aisan Kogyo K.K., Obu, Aichi "vorrichtung und verfahren zum treiben eines ventils einer kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung fuer einen innenverbrennungsmotor"
WO1990002872A1 (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-03-22 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a solenoid operated fuel injector
US4922878A (en) * 1988-09-15 1990-05-08 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a solenoid operated fuel injector
US5267545A (en) * 1989-05-19 1993-12-07 Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty. Limited Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of a solenoid
US6457457B1 (en) * 1997-09-20 2002-10-01 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Control method
EP0999355A2 (de) * 1998-11-03 2000-05-10 Siemens Automotive Corporation Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit erweitertem Spannungsbereich
EP0999355A3 (de) * 1998-11-03 2001-03-28 Siemens Automotive Corporation Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit erweitertem Spannungsbereich

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4945251B1 (de) 1974-12-03
DE2015589B2 (de) 1972-11-16
DE2015589A1 (de) 1970-10-08

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