US3680794A - Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US3680794A
US3680794A US166211A US3680794DA US3680794A US 3680794 A US3680794 A US 3680794A US 166211 A US166211 A US 166211A US 3680794D A US3680794D A US 3680794DA US 3680794 A US3680794 A US 3680794A
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United States
Prior art keywords
opening
orifice
air
fuel
combination
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US166211A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Romann
Heinrich Knapp
Paul Fussner
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/047—Injectors peculiar thereto injectors with air chambers, e.g. communicating with atmosphere for aerating the nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0675—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve wherein the orifice of the injection nozzle discharges fuel into an atomizing chamber having an outlet which is co-axial with the orifice and is in direct communication with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.
  • the chamber is defined by a cylindrical inner sleeve having one or more tangential openings for admission of air which atomizes the fuel in the chamber prior to entry into the manifold.
  • the quantity of air admitted by way of the opening or openings amounts to between one-third and one-half of the quantity required by the engine during idling.
  • the inner sleeve is surrounded by an outer sleeve which defines therewith an air-filled compartment in communication with the opening or openings of the inner sleeve.
  • the present invention relates to improvements in electromagnetically operated fuel injection valves for use in internal combustion engines, and more particularly to improvements in valves which are designed to inject metered quantities of atomized fuel into the intake manifolds or suction manifolds of internal combustion engines. Still more particularly, the invention relates to improvements in fuel injection valves serving toinject fuel which is maintained at a relatively low pressure into the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine in such a way that the length of intervals during which the valve remains open determines the quantity of atomized fuel which is admitted into the intake manifold.
  • the presently known fuel injection valves which serve to admit atomized fuel into the intake manifold of 20 an internal combustion engine normally comprise a valve member which is reciprocable by a spring and by an electromagnet in such a way that the spring tends to maintain the valve member in its closed or sealing position but yields in response to energization of the electromagnet toadmit into the intake manifold fuel in such quantities as are determined by the length of the interval during which the electromagnet remains energized.
  • the valve member is secured to a reciprocable armature of the electromagnet which further comprises I a fixed soft iron core and a winding surrounding the core.
  • a portion of the valve body normally consists of soft iron to define a portion of the closed path for magnetic force lines when the electromagnet is energized.
  • the length of intervals of injection of fuel into the manifold is extremely short, normally in the range of one or more milliseconds.
  • Each energization of the electromagnet entails a movement of the valve member to its opening position in that a portion of the valve member is lifted off a seat in the nozzle of the valve body whereby the orifice of the nozzle discharges a stream of fuel into the intake manifold.
  • the length of intervals of fuel injection is preferably controlled by electrical or electronic control means so as to be a function of several factors which are indicative of the momentary operating condition and requirements of the internal combustion engine.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved valve for injection of fuel into the intake manifold or suction manifold of an internal combustion engine and to provide such valve with novel and improved means for enhancing the atomization of fuel prior to entry into the intake manifold.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel injection valve with simple, compact and reliable means for effecting a fine atomization of fuel which is being discharged by the orifice of the nozzle and is about to enter the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.
  • a further object of the invention is to reduce the quantity of undesirable combustion products in internal combustion engines with manifold injection of atomized fuel.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a device for atomizing fuel which issues from the orifice of the nozzle in a valve for injection of atomized fuel into the intake manifold of an internal combustion engme.
  • the invention is embodied in an electromagnetically operated valve for injection of atomized fuel into the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve comprises a body including a nozzle which is provided with a fuel-discharging orifice, a valve member having a portion which is movable with reference to the orifice between an opening position and a sealing position, means for biasing the valve member and its portion to the sealing position, an electromagnet which is energizable to move the valve member and its portion to the opening position against the opposition of the biasing means whereby the orifice of the nozzle discharges a predetermined quantity of fuel which undergoes at least some atomization while leaving the interior of the nozzle, an enclosure connected with the valve body and defining an atomizing chamber which is outwardly adjacent to the orifice to receive a predetermined quantity of preferably partly atomized fuel in response to movement of the valve member and its por- 0 tion to the opening position, an outlet provided in the enclosure for evacuation of atomized fluid and being in at
  • FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a fuel injection valve which embodies the invention, further showing a portion of the intake manifold;
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view as seen in the direction of arrows from the line IIII of FIG. 1.
  • the drawing illustrates an electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve which serves to admit sprays of finely atomized fuel into the intake manifold 40 of an internal combustion engine.
  • the valve comprises a housing or body including a main portion 1 which consists of steel and has a central axial bore 2 receiving a spool-shaped plastic frame 3 for the winding 4 of an electromagnet.
  • the lower end of the bore 2 communicates with a coaxial smaller-diameter bore 5 for the armature 12 of the electromagnet.
  • the soft-iron core 6 of the electromagnet is surrounded by and extends upwardly beyond the frame 3 and beyond the main portion 1 of the valve body.
  • the core 6 is coaxial with the armature 12 and serves as a means for admitting fuel to the axial passage 16 (shown by broken lines) of a reciprocable valve member 13 which is threadedly connected with the armature 12 and extends downwardly into a nozzle which is sealingly received in the lower part of the main body portion 1 and is held therein by a bent-over flange 14 of the portion 1.
  • the upper end portion 7 of the soft iron core 6 extends beyond the body portion 1 and is sealingly connected with the discharge end of a fuel supplying conduit 8.
  • a ring 9 on the core 6 is fixedly held in the main body portion 1 by a bent-over flange 10; this ring serves to guide the magnetic force lines from the core 6 into the main body portion 1.
  • the armature 12 is adjacent to the inner or lower end portion of the soft iron core 6.
  • the axial passage 16 of the valve member 13 communicates with a diametrically extending passage 17 which discharges fuel radially into the interior of the nozzle 15.
  • Such fuel flows along peripheral flats 18 provided on an enlarged portion 13b of the valve member 13 and accumulates in a space 19 which is immediately adjacent to a fuel discharging orifice 21 provided in the end wall 20 of the nozzle 15.
  • the inner end of the orifice 21 is surrounded by a seat 22 for a conical sealing portion 13a of the valve member 13.
  • the latter further comprises an end portion or pin 20 which is normally received in the orifice 21 to prevent the escape of fuel from the space 19.
  • the pin 20 is received in the orifice 21 with small radial clearance and is movable by the electromagnet including the armature 12 from the illustrated sealing position to a retracted or opening position to thereby admit a metered quantity of fuel from the space 19 into an atomizing chamber 26 which is immediately adjacent to the outer or discharge end of the orifice 21.
  • the aforementioned conical portion 13a of the valve member 13 is in sealing engagement with the seat 22 of the nozzle 15.
  • the conical portion 13a of the valve member 13 is located between the enlarged portion 13b and the pin 20.
  • the armature 12 moves axially and away from the nozzle 15 against the opposition of a helical spring 24 which reacts against an internal shoulder in the soft-iron core 6 and normally urges the valve member 13 to its sealing position.
  • Energization of the winding 4 results in movement of the conical portion 13a away from the seat 22 so that a predetermined quantity of pressurized fuel can leave the space 19 in the nozzle 15 and flows through the orifice 21 to enter the atomizing chamber 26.
  • the fuel in the space 19 is assumed to be maintained at a pressure of two atmospheres above atmospheric pressure.
  • the length of the interval of energization of the winding 4 determines the quantity of fuel which enters the atomizing chamber 26 in response to movement of the pin 20 on the valve member 13 to its opening position.
  • the lifted pin 20 defines with the end wall of the nozzle 15 an annular duct for the flow of pressurized fuel into the atomizing chamber 26.
  • the fuel which enters the chamber 26 is being atomized at the annular edge on the lower end of the pin 20.
  • the atomization of fuel in the chamber 26 is enhanced by currents of air admitted into the chamber 26 at one or more points which are radially spaced from the axis of the orifice 21.
  • the chamber 26 is defined by an inner enclosure or sleeve 27 which is sealingly secured to and surrounds a portion of the nozzle 15.
  • the bottom end wall of the inner sleeve 27 has an outlet 33 which discharges finely atomized fuel directly into the intake manifold 40 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the cylindrical wall 28 of the inner sleeve 27 has a preferably cylindrical internal surface which is coaxial with the orifice 21 and outlet 33 and is provided with one or more tangential air-admitting openings. As shown in FIG.
  • the cylindrical wall 28 has two openings 30, 31 which are disposed diametrically with reference to each other and discharge currents of air substantially tangentially of the internal surface of the sleeve 27.
  • the wall 28 can be provided with a single opening or with three or more preferably equidistant openings for admission of atomizing air.
  • the outlet 33 is provided in the end wall 32 of the inner sleeve 27 and this end wall is surrounded by a ring-shaped inwardly extending collar on an outer enclosure or sleeve 37 which defines with the sleeve 27 an annular air-filled compartment 35. The latter receives air from a supply pipe 39 which is brazed to the outer sleeve 37, as at 38.
  • the diameter of the outlet 33 is substantially smaller than the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 28, i.e., substantially smaller than the diameter of the atomizing chamber 26
  • the outer sleeve 37 sealingly surrounds and is secured to a cylindrical part 36 of the main body portion 1.
  • the supply pipe 39 receives air from the air funnel (not shown) of the internal combustion engine.
  • the intake manifold 40 sucks air from the compartment 35 by way of the openings 30, 31 and outlet 33 of the inner sleeve 27.
  • the diameters of the openings 30, 31 in the inner sleeve 27 are selected in such a way that these openings constitute effective restrictors for the inflow of air into the manifold 40 by way of the outlet 33.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the openings 30, 31 are dimensioned in such a way that these openings admit only a fraction of the air which is required by the engine during idling, preferably between one-third and one-half of the air which is needed during such operation of the engine.
  • the throttling of air flow into the intake manifold 40 by way of the outlet 33 of the inner sleeve 27 can be effected by one or more flow restrictors which are provided in another part of the valve, for example, in the supply pipe 39.
  • the openings 30, 31 can but need not be located in a common plane which is normal to the axis of the nozzle 15. Also, the axes of the openings 30, 31 can be located in planes which are inclined with reference to a plane that is normal to the axis of the nozzle 15. v
  • Satisfactory atomization of fuel which enters the intake manifold 40 is especially important when the engine is idling and also when the engine is operated at partial load.
  • the aforediscussed dimensioning of openings 30, 31 so that they admit only a fraction of the total quantity of air which is needed for the operation of the engine during idling is desirable in order to insure that the idling operation of the engine can be regulated within a relatively wide range.
  • a combination comprising a body including a nozzle having a fuel-discharging orifice; a valve member having a portion movable with reference to said orifice between an opening position and a sealing position; means for biasing said portion of said valve member to said sealing position; an enclosure connected with said body and defining an atomizing chamber outwardly adjacent to said orifice to receive a predetermined quantity of fuel in response to movement of said portion of said valve member to said opening position, said enclosure having an outlet for atomized fuel positioned in at least substantial axial alignment with and spaced from said orifice and at least outlet comgiunicaes with the intake manifald of the engine so t at San opening admits into sai chamber air in response to a drop in pressure in said manifold 3.
  • said air supplying means comprises a second enclosure surrounding said first mentioned enclosure and defining therewith an air-filled compartment communicating with said opening.
  • said biasing means comprises a spring bearing against said valve member and reacting against said body, and further comprising electromagnet means provided in said body and energizable to move said portion to said opening position against the action of said spring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US166211A 1970-08-04 1971-07-26 Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime US3680794A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702038646 DE2038646A1 (de) 1970-08-04 1970-08-04 Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares Einspritzventil fuer Saugrohreinspritzanlagen

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US166211A Expired - Lifetime US3680794A (en) 1970-08-04 1971-07-26 Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve

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US (1) US3680794A (de)
DE (1) DE2038646A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2103956A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1350448A (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3797756A (en) * 1972-03-03 1974-03-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US4030668A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-06-21 The Bendix Corporation Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve
US4033507A (en) * 1975-01-15 1977-07-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
US4057190A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-11-08 Bendix Corporation Fuel break-up disc for injection valve
DE2936425A1 (de) * 1979-09-08 1981-04-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares kraftsoffeinspritzventil
US5193743A (en) * 1991-05-31 1993-03-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for injecting a fuel-gas mixture
US5197674A (en) * 1990-02-23 1993-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for injecting a fuel-gas mixture into an internal combustion engine
US5197672A (en) * 1991-04-19 1993-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve and adjustable gas sleeve forming an annular metering gas gap
US5294057A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-03-15 Spraying Systems Co. Solenoid operated liquid spray gun
US5323966A (en) * 1991-09-07 1994-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for injecting a fuel-air mixture
US5358181A (en) * 1991-06-11 1994-10-25 Nippondenso Co. Ltd. Fuel feed apparatus of internal combustion engine and manufacturing method therefor
US5449120A (en) * 1991-06-11 1995-09-12 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel feed apparatus of internal combustion engine
US20040025832A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-02-12 Oswald Baasch Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US20070017492A1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-01-25 Oswald Baasch Intake manifold plate adapter
US20140183286A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2014-07-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Fuel injection valve

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3046890A1 (de) * 1980-12-12 1982-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares ventil, insbesondere kraftstoffeinspritzventil fuer kraftstoffeinspritzanlagen
DE3408012A1 (de) * 1984-03-05 1985-09-05 Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Warren Mich. Mesenich Elektromagnetisches einspritzventil
FR2635827B1 (fr) * 1988-08-30 1993-11-26 Solex Dispositif d'injection de combustible a chambre d'aeration

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1252254A (en) * 1918-01-01 fisherx
US1664616A (en) * 1926-05-26 1928-04-03 Louis O French Fuel-control valve
FR1282158A (fr) * 1960-12-09 1962-01-19 Perfectionnements aux installations d'ensimage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1252254A (en) * 1918-01-01 fisherx
US1664616A (en) * 1926-05-26 1928-04-03 Louis O French Fuel-control valve
FR1282158A (fr) * 1960-12-09 1962-01-19 Perfectionnements aux installations d'ensimage

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3797756A (en) * 1972-03-03 1974-03-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US4033507A (en) * 1975-01-15 1977-07-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
US4030668A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-06-21 The Bendix Corporation Electromagnetically operated fuel injection valve
US4057190A (en) * 1976-06-17 1977-11-08 Bendix Corporation Fuel break-up disc for injection valve
DE2936425A1 (de) * 1979-09-08 1981-04-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares kraftsoffeinspritzventil
US4365747A (en) * 1979-09-08 1982-12-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically actuatable fuel injection valve
US5197674A (en) * 1990-02-23 1993-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for injecting a fuel-gas mixture into an internal combustion engine
US5197672A (en) * 1991-04-19 1993-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve and adjustable gas sleeve forming an annular metering gas gap
US5193743A (en) * 1991-05-31 1993-03-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for injecting a fuel-gas mixture
US5358181A (en) * 1991-06-11 1994-10-25 Nippondenso Co. Ltd. Fuel feed apparatus of internal combustion engine and manufacturing method therefor
US5449120A (en) * 1991-06-11 1995-09-12 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel feed apparatus of internal combustion engine
US5323966A (en) * 1991-09-07 1994-06-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for injecting a fuel-air mixture
US5294057A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-03-15 Spraying Systems Co. Solenoid operated liquid spray gun
US20040025832A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-02-12 Oswald Baasch Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US20040139950A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-07-22 Flynn Douglas Joseph Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US6901888B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2005-06-07 Holley Performance Products Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US6913210B2 (en) * 2001-09-28 2005-07-05 Holley Performance Products Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US6997401B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2006-02-14 Holley Performance Products, Inc. Fuel injector nozzle adapter
US20070017492A1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-01-25 Oswald Baasch Intake manifold plate adapter
US7533661B2 (en) 2005-07-22 2009-05-19 Holley Performance Products, Inc. Intake manifold plate adapter
US20140183286A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2014-07-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Fuel injection valve
US9810188B2 (en) * 2011-08-08 2017-11-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Fuel injection valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1350448A (en) 1974-04-18
DE2038646A1 (de) 1972-03-16
FR2103956A5 (de) 1972-04-14

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