US3678693A - Tunnel formwork - Google Patents

Tunnel formwork Download PDF

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Publication number
US3678693A
US3678693A US42670A US3678693DA US3678693A US 3678693 A US3678693 A US 3678693A US 42670 A US42670 A US 42670A US 3678693D A US3678693D A US 3678693DA US 3678693 A US3678693 A US 3678693A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
formwork
portions
vertical
horizontal
pivotal
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US42670A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Markewitz
Dieter Bolduan
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Huennebeck Deutschland GmbH
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Huennebeck GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Huennebeck GmbH filed Critical Huennebeck GmbH
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Publication of US3678693A publication Critical patent/US3678693A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/02—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for rooms as a whole by which walls and floors are cast simultaneously, whole storeys, or whole buildings

Definitions

  • the vertical formwork por- [30] Foreign Application Priority Data tions are movable relative to the horizontal formwork portion.
  • Each vertical formwork portion is connected to the horizontal June 3, 1969 Germany ..P 19 28 196.0 portion y guides.
  • At least two guides are arranged in the area 52 us. Cl. ..6l/45C Pims between adjam [5 l 1 Int. Cl E2 15/ and at least two guides connect the lower region of the vertical 581 Field of Search ..61/45 c, 45 R; 299/31, 33, l with the central area Wilma! P 299/; 243/351, 354 357 tion.
  • the formwork portions are so designed as to be secured in at least one position.
  • Tunnel fonnworks are also known where the formwork members arranged in parallel, vertical planes upon dismantling are firstly raised from the erected concrete walls and only then are the formwork member(s) which are in a horizontal plane, removed. In both cases the encased area is so filled with supports, struts, etc that it is difiicult to reach the points at which the means are arranged which need to be operated for erecting or removing the forms of such a formwork.
  • the formwork members and the supports associated therewith were provided with rollers, or the like in order to make such a formwork mobile.
  • each vertical formwork portion is connected by guides to the horizontal formwork portion, there being at least two guides arranged in the area of the junction points between adjacent formwork portions and at least two guides connecting the lower region of a vertical formwork portion with the central area of the horizontal formwork portion, means also being provided which permit the formwork portions to be secured in at least one position.
  • each formwork is sufficiently rigid to be able to absorb and remove stresses which occur.
  • the encased area is accessible at all times, moving parts can be operated without difficulty and can be simply installed and removed again with the formwork portions.
  • the central gangway which is formed it is even possible to introduce a formwork transporting vehicle, so that in this case it is unnecessary to place rollers on the vertical formwork portions.
  • the guides which are associated with the formwork portions adjacent their junction points shall be pairs of double guides made similar to bell crank levers. These guides are made pivotablerelative to each other by an actuating lever mounted in bearings on the horizontal formwork portion, and with the lower ends of the vertical formwork portions, foot jacks are associated.
  • the horizontal formwork portion comprises at least three telescopically interconnected supporting beams carrying a formwork plate reinforced with ribs and that the bearings of the said actuating lever and the lower guide shall be on the outer support portions of the horizontal formwork portion.
  • a formwork transporting vehicle introduced for this purpose should therefore have three supports, supported by their free ends relative to the vehicle and which are variable in length, whereof two are arranged in a plane at right angles to the direction of movement of the vehicle and the third is arranged at one of the angles of an isosceles triangle, at the other angles of which the two other supports are mounted.
  • These other two pivotable supports are about axes parallel to the direction of movement of the transporting vehicle and can be fixable in several positions, and the third support and its steadying struts are articulated to one another and to the vehicle, said steadying struts being designed in such a way that their length can be varied.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through a formwork constructed according to the invention in the encased condition and where the spacing between the vertical formwork members is relatively large
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section on the line II-II of FIG. I,
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section, corresponding to that of FIG. I, through a formwork constructed according to the invention in the encased condition, carried by a formwork transporting vehicle,
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section on the line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-section through a formwork corresponding to FIG. 3 in the encased condition, with the formwork members arranged in vertical planes at a relatively small spacing from one another;
  • FIG. 6 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 5 with a transporting vehicle
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the upper left corner VII shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8 shows the view of FIG. 7 with the double guide in a different position.
  • the formwork shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 comprises a horizontal formwork portion I formed from supporting beams 3, 4 and 5 which are resistant to bending, telescopically insertable into one another and fixable in a selected position relative to one another by fixing means such as screws 2, etc., as well as two formwork portions 6 and 7 arranged parallel to one another in vertical planes and also consisting of plates resistant to bending.
  • the upper ends of the formwork portions 6 and 7 are connected at each end by bell crank like pairs of double guides 8, 9 to the outer supporting beams 3 and 5 respectively of formwork portion l.
  • Each guide 8 connects the formwork portion 1 or its supporting beams 3 and 5 with an upper end of the vertically mounted formwork portion 6 or 7 in that it is on the one hand movable about a pin 10 fixed on the formwork portion 1 and on the other hand movable about a pin 11 fixed to a vertical formwork portion e.g. 6 (FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • the guide 9 is pivoted on the same pivot 11 and also on a pivot 12 of a twoarmed actuating lever 13, which is in turn pivotable about a pivot 14, which is fixed to the formwork portion 1 or part of this fonnwork portion e.g. the supporting beam 3.
  • the pivots ll, 12 and 14 and the lever 13 are so arranged that in the encased position of the formwork the axis of each pivot 12 will be above the line connecting the axes of the pivots l1 and 14. Thus, a so-called dead center must be passed, in order to be able to remove the forms.
  • each vertical formwork portion 6 and 7 At the lower ends of each vertical formwork portion 6 and 7 are provided two or more foot jacks 1.6, which support each formwork portion relative to a base support, for example a flooring 17, when the formwork is encased.
  • the formwork portion 1 must be supported e.g. by a transporting vehicle (FIGS. 3 and 4) before the jacks 16 are retracted by rotation and the levers 13 are pivoted. Then after lowering the formwork can be moved from the finished area to another point by means of the transporting vehicle 20.
  • FIG. 5 shows that the three members 3, 4 and 5 of formwork portion 1 can also be telescoped together to such an extent that relatively narrow spaces can be encased.
  • the central member 4 of formwork portion 1 is thus pushed fully into the two outer formwork members 3 and 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows that between the pivot points 19 of the guides 18 there is still enough space for a support 21 on a transporting vehicle 20 to be introduced between guides located in the same horizontal plane, whilst the two other supports 22 and 23 of the transporting vehicle can be moved into close proximity with the outer guides 18.
  • the actuating lever 13 can still be pivoted without difficulty.
  • a formwork shell 26 is placed on the formwork portion 1, supported by sections 25.
  • the formwork transporting vehicle 20 (FIGS. 3 and 4) carries three variable length supports 21, 22 and 23, braced relative to the vehicle by steadying struts.
  • the supports 22 and 23 are rigidly fixed to the vehicle 20 by the struts 27 and 28 and their free ends can be raised and lowered.
  • Each support 22 and 23 is rigidly connected with its two struts 27 and 28 and is pivotable about axes 22' and 23' parallel to the direction of movement of the transporting vehicle 20 and capable of being held relative to holes 22" and 23" by bolts on a plate 20 fixed to the vehicle 20. In this way the spacing between the two heads of the supports 22 and 23 can be varied.
  • To reinforce the supports 22 and 23 further struts 36 and 37 (FIG.
  • the lower end of the third support 21 is pivoted on the vehicle 20 at 29.
  • the upper end of the support 21 is pivoted at 31 to a variable length fork shaped strut 30.
  • the strut portion hingedly connected at 31 is inserted into a strut portion 30b and is fixed to it in a variable length manner.
  • Two strut portions 30c and 30d, connected with one another via a strut portion 30e, are each connected at an acute angle to strut portion 30b.
  • the ends of the strut portions 30c and 30d which form the ends of the fork-like strut 30 are pivoted at two points 32 on the side of the vehicle 20, so that the spacing a (FIG. 4) between the top of support 2l and tops of supports 22 and 23 can be varied, by changing the length of the fork-like strut 30.
  • a tunnel formwork comprising a horizontal formwork portion and two vertical formwork portions, which portions are resistant to bending, the vertical portions being movable with respect to the horizontal portion, each vertical formwork portion being connected to the horizontal portion by guides, there being at least two guides arranged in the area of the junction points between adjacent formwork portions and at least two guides connecting the lower region of the vertical formwork portions with the central area of the horizontal por tion, means being provided which permit the formwork portions to be secured in at least one position.
  • a tunnel formwork as claimed in claim 1 wherein the guides provided at the junction points of the formwork portions are pairs of double guides similar to bell crank levers, which are each arranged to be pivotable by means of an actuating lever pivotally mounted on the horizontal formwork portion, the lower ends of the vertical formwork portions being provided with jacks.
  • a tunnel formwork as claimed in any of claim 1 including a formwork transporting vehicle serving to move the complete formwork, said vehicle having three variable length supports, the arrangement of which in cross-sectional shape corresponds to an isosceles triangle, the base of which is at right angles to the direction of movement of the vehicle.
  • a tunnel formwork arrangement for use in forming tunnels, especially concrete lined tunnels; said arrangement comprising a horizontal bend resistant formwork portion having an upwardly facing forming surface, two vertical bend-resistant formwork portions having respective outwardly facing forming surfaces, said vertical portions being arranged to extend substantially perpendicularly downwardly from opposite ends of the horizontal portion, two similar first guide means for connecting respective upper ends of said vertical portions to respective opposite ends of said horizontal portion, and two similar second guide means extending from respective lower ends of said vertical portions to respective central portions on said horizontal portion for assisting in bracing the horizontal portion and the vertical portions in position with respect to one another, the first and second guide means including means for selectively maintaining the framework portions in at least one position with respect to one another such that a self supporting formwork having three forming surfaces is obtained.
  • first guide means includes manually operable lever means operable to selectively lock and unlock the horizontal and vertical portions in a fixed selfsupporting position with respect to one another, said lever means including a lever coupling member for coupling levers arranged at both ends of the horizontal portion together such that both vertical portions are releasable simultaneously.
  • the first guide means includes three pivotal guide bars connected to one another, a first of said three bars being pivotal at one end thereof about a first pivot pin fixed to the vertical portion and being pivotal at the other end thereof about a second pivot pin fixed to the horizontal portion, a second of said three bars being pivotal at one end thereof about said first pivot pin and being pivotal at the other end thereof about a third pivot pin fixed to a third of said three bars, the third of said three bars being pivotal at one end thereof about said third pivot pin and being pivotal at the other end thereof about a fourth pivot pin fixed to the horizontal portion, said third bar being rigidly attached to a manually operable lever such that the third bar can be pivoted about the fourth pivot pin by manual forces to consequently move the ends of said vertical and horizontal portions over a predetermined path with respect to one another during form locking and unlocking operations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
US42670A 1969-06-03 1970-06-02 Tunnel formwork Expired - Lifetime US3678693A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1928196A DE1928196C3 (de) 1969-06-03 1969-06-03 Verfahrbare Raumschalung für Beton- und Stahlbetonbauten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3678693A true US3678693A (en) 1972-07-25

Family

ID=5735941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US42670A Expired - Lifetime US3678693A (en) 1969-06-03 1970-06-02 Tunnel formwork

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3678693A (de)
DE (1) DE1928196C3 (de)
DK (1) DK133608B (de)
FR (1) FR2048381A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1311898A (de)
NL (1) NL141952C (de)
SE (1) SE354684B (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902324A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-09-02 Us Interior Mobile roof supporting shield
US3964265A (en) * 1973-08-23 1976-06-22 Consolidation Coal Company Method and apparatus for mining and supporting the mine roof
US3979919A (en) * 1973-12-28 1976-09-14 Societe Outinord-St-Amand Tunnel framing for poured concrete
US4261542A (en) * 1978-07-25 1981-04-14 Outinord-St.-Amand, S.A. Improvements in retractile tunnel forms for poured concrete
US4372906A (en) * 1978-09-14 1983-02-08 Master Modular Homes, Inc. Method and apparatus for pre-casting steel reinforced concrete box-like modules
US4439064A (en) * 1981-04-28 1984-03-27 Outinord St. Amand S.A. Tunnel framings
US4495131A (en) * 1981-01-08 1985-01-22 Master Modular Homes, Inc. Method for pre-casting steel reinforced concrete box-like modules
US6619885B2 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-09-16 Outinord St. Amand, S.A. Telescopic tunnel form
WO2008100131A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Hang Seng Tang A formwork system
WO2017023215A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 Ne-Ru Insaat Ticaret Ve Sanayi Limited Sirketi Panel structure for tunnel formwork system
IT201900022719A1 (it) 2019-12-02 2021-06-02 Wenlock Ltd Puntello e un assieme di puntellamento

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3744945A (en) * 1971-11-30 1973-07-10 C Metrailer Apparatus for modular concrete constructions
IT1033914B (it) * 1975-07-09 1979-08-10 International Building Equipment Srl Dispositivo per semplificare e per accelerare le operazioni di armo e disarmo di casseformes a tunnel
NL1037738C2 (nl) * 2010-02-23 2011-08-24 Gerardus Petrus Maria Hendriks Tunnelbekisting, lossysteem.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE513356C (de) * 1930-11-26 Mitteldeutsche Stahlwerke Akt Zusammenlegbares Joch zur Sicherung gegen Berge- und Kohlenfall beim Streckenvortrieb
GB449967A (en) * 1934-08-29 1936-07-08 Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd Improved means for supporting roofs of mines and other underground roadways

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE513356C (de) * 1930-11-26 Mitteldeutsche Stahlwerke Akt Zusammenlegbares Joch zur Sicherung gegen Berge- und Kohlenfall beim Streckenvortrieb
GB449967A (en) * 1934-08-29 1936-07-08 Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd Improved means for supporting roofs of mines and other underground roadways

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902324A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-09-02 Us Interior Mobile roof supporting shield
US3964265A (en) * 1973-08-23 1976-06-22 Consolidation Coal Company Method and apparatus for mining and supporting the mine roof
US3979919A (en) * 1973-12-28 1976-09-14 Societe Outinord-St-Amand Tunnel framing for poured concrete
US4261542A (en) * 1978-07-25 1981-04-14 Outinord-St.-Amand, S.A. Improvements in retractile tunnel forms for poured concrete
US4372906A (en) * 1978-09-14 1983-02-08 Master Modular Homes, Inc. Method and apparatus for pre-casting steel reinforced concrete box-like modules
US4495131A (en) * 1981-01-08 1985-01-22 Master Modular Homes, Inc. Method for pre-casting steel reinforced concrete box-like modules
US4439064A (en) * 1981-04-28 1984-03-27 Outinord St. Amand S.A. Tunnel framings
US6619885B2 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-09-16 Outinord St. Amand, S.A. Telescopic tunnel form
WO2008100131A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Hang Seng Tang A formwork system
US20100025563A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2010-02-04 Tang Hang Seng Formwork system
US8348221B2 (en) 2007-02-16 2013-01-08 Tang Hang Seng Formwork system for constructing a structural concrete floor with projecting floor beams
WO2017023215A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 Ne-Ru Insaat Ticaret Ve Sanayi Limited Sirketi Panel structure for tunnel formwork system
IT201900022719A1 (it) 2019-12-02 2021-06-02 Wenlock Ltd Puntello e un assieme di puntellamento

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7008033A (de) 1970-12-07
DK133608B (da) 1976-06-14
SE354684B (de) 1973-03-19
DE1928196A1 (de) 1970-12-10
DE1928196C3 (de) 1979-11-22
NL141952C (nl) 1980-05-16
FR2048381A5 (de) 1971-03-19
NL141952B (nl) 1974-04-16
DK133608C (de) 1976-11-01
GB1311898A (en) 1973-03-28

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