US3645813A - Method of conglomerating fibers - Google Patents
Method of conglomerating fibers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3645813A US3645813A US851764A US3645813DA US3645813A US 3645813 A US3645813 A US 3645813A US 851764 A US851764 A US 851764A US 3645813D A US3645813D A US 3645813DA US 3645813 A US3645813 A US 3645813A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- conglomerates
- set forth
- suspension
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
- B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
- B01F27/702—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with intermeshing paddles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/736—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged characterised by the apparatus for arranging fibres
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Lignocellulose fibers obtained from wood in a defibrator form conglomerates when held in a state of high turbulence while suspended in air.
- Globular conglomerates having diameters of 2 to 30 mm., relatively dense outer shells and loose cores are produced continuously in a turbulence zone in dwell times of a few minutes.
- This invention relates to a method of combining fibers in conglomerates. More specifically, the invention is concerned with the conglomeration of fibers suspended in a fluid by agitating the suspension so as to produce turbulence in the same.
- fiber conglomerates While it is usually desired to prevent fibers from conglomerating while they are being processed and purified, fiber conglomerates are known to have properties desirable in many applications.
- the conglomerates are generally of lowbulk density, soft, and yieldably resilient, and may be combined with binders or with other materials to form load-bearing or other construction elements not readily produced from loose fibers with equally desirable results.
- the suspension must then be filtered to separate the conglomerates from most of the liquid phase, and the fibrous material must be dried to remove the remainder of the water before further processing or storage is possible.
- the method requires much equipment if a reasonable output rate is to be maintained.
- the object of this invention is the provision of a method which permits fibers to be combined in conglomerates at a much faster rate than is possible by the aforedescribed known method, preferably in continuous operation.
- the velocity at which the fibers are propelled in the aforementioned path should be such as to cause the formation of a turbulent horizontal layer which contains fibers at a density higher than the density of the fibers in all portions of the suspension located below the layer.
- the upward velocity should be between 2 and 5 meters per second, and best approximately 3 meters per second.
- the formation of conglomerates is further accelerated if water is sprayed into the space in an amount sufficient to increase the moisture content of the fibers.
- the fibers may be propelled upwardly in the aforementioned path by agitator blades which move in the path, or they may be propelled by kinetic energy transmitted thereto by gas injected into the space.
- the conglomerates may be given a wide variety of desirable properties by spraying normally solid materials into the processing space in liquid form for deposition on the fibers, removing the fibers from the space, and solidifying the deposited material.
- suitable equipment may include a container and two shafts whose axes extend in a 1 common horizontal direction, and which are spaced from each other in a horizontal direction. Blades project radially from each shaft in the container, at least one blade projecting from each shaft being interposed between the two shafts. The shafts are driven simultaneously in respective directions to cause the interposed blades to move in an upward direction. Fibers are fed to the container adjacent an axially terminal portion of one of the shafts, and conglomerated fibers are discharged from the container adjacent the other axially terminal portion of the shaft.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a device for producing fiber conglomerates of the invention in continuous operation, the view being in front elevational section;
- FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in side elevational section on the line IIII;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a modified device of the invention in a view corresponding to that of FIG. 2.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 there is seen an elongated trough 1 whose bottom wall has two cylindrically arcuate sections meeting in a ridge along the longitudinal centerline of the trough.
- a tall cover 2 is flanged to the horizontal top rim of the trough to enclose a chamber with the same. Openings 3 are provided in the top portion of the cover 2 and normally hold nozzles, omitted from the drawing for the sake of clarity, which permit a liquid to be sprayed into the chamber in a downward direction, as indicated by arrows.
- a chute 4 is provided at one longitudinal end of the cover 2 for feeding fiber material to the chamber from above.
- a discharge chute 5 is provided on the transverse end wall of the chamber remote from the feeding chute 4 and closely below the topmost portion of the cover 2.
- Agitating equipment installed in the chamber includes two shafts 6 joumaled in bearings 11 outside the chamber, passing freely through the end walls of the chamber, and approximately coaxial with the two cylindrical bottom sections respectively.
- Two groups of diametrical arms project from each shaft and are offset from each other. The arms are distributed on the associated shaft 6 over the entire chamber length in axially spaced relationship, arms of one group alternating with arms of the other group.
- the free ends of each arm carry blades 7 inclined about 45 to the radial plane in which the arm rotates.
- a V-belt pulley 8 on the free end of one of the shafts 6 outside the chamber enclosed by the trough 1 and the cover 2 is connected by a drivebelt to an electric motor 9.
- Meshing spur gears 10 on the two shafts cause the blades 7 associated with the two shafts to revolve in opposite directions about the axes of the associated shafts, the arrangement being such, as best seen in FIG. 2, that the blades 7 between the shafts 6 move upwardly in a path above the ridge in the bottom wall of the trough I in interdigitating relationship, the arms on the two shafts being out of phase by 45;
- An opening in the bottom wall of the troughl below the discharge chute 5 is covered with a coarse screen 12, and a nonillustrated conveyor leads from the area below the screen 12 to the nonillustrated storage bin from which the feed chute l feeds fibers into the chamber.
- a trough 1 and cover 2 identical with the corresponding elements described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 constitute the walls of a chamber into which material may be sprayed from above through nonillustrated nozzles set into openings 3 of the cover 2.
- Partitions arranged along both upright, longitudinal chamber walls enclose a manifold inlet duct 13 which extends over the entire length of the chamber and communicates with the same through closely spaced nozzles l4 distributed over the length of each manifold duct contiguously adjacent the cylindrical bottom wall section or through a corresponding slot.
- the nozzles 14 direct substantially tangential jets of gas against the associated wall section in a direction toward the central ridge of the bottom wall at which the two streams converge.
- An outlet duct is arranged above each manifold duct 13 and is longitudinally coextensive with the same. It is separated from the central main portion of the chamber by a screen 16.
- Pumps 17 arranged next to the upright longitudinal chamber walls draw air from the chamber through the screens 16 and conduits 15, and return the air under pressure to the manifold ducts 13.
- the flow pattern observed in the chamber when the pumps 17 are operated is indicated by arrows in FIG. 3.
- the two airstreams meeting at the ridge in the chamber bottom mingle and mainly flow upward toward the cover 2 in a straight path until the combined stream is again split and deflected in two opposite lateral directions by the suction in the conduits 15.
- An area of turbulence thus extends on either side of the vertically rising central stream.
- the blades 7 imparted sufficient upward motion to the fibers to produce a relatively dense layer of fibers in the chamber near the top of the cover 2 which looked somewhat like the surface of a gently boiling, somewhat viscous liquid, such as bubbling pea soup. Turbulence in the top layer of the fiber suspension was intense, and a multiplicity of localized eddies was clearly discernable through an inspection window in thecover 2, not shown in the drawing. The fiber density in the turbulent top layer was much higher than in the lower portion of the chamber.
- the dried and fully cured conglomerates were employed in bulk for filling cavities in building walls to improve acoustical and thermal insulating properties of the walls. They also could be fed directly from the cute 5 to a press in which they were converted to insulating boards under heat and pressure.
- EXAMPLE 2 Electric heaters were attached to the outer walls of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and supplied with current of a strength sufficient to maintain a temperature of 120 to 130 C. in the chamber.
- the fibers were preheated to the same temperature before being fed to the chamber through the chute 4, and lost some of their initial moisture content of 8 percent during heating.
- the blades 7 revolving at 91 rpm. caused the conglomeration of a major portion of the individual fibers when they had traveled over about one-half of the axial length of the chamber.
- the globular fiber conglomerates impregnated with the bituminous material which were discharged from the chute 5 were readily converted under moderate pressure to insulating plates of excellent thermal and acoustical properties and impervious to moisture.
- EXAMPLE 3 Fibers fed to the chute 4 as described in Example 1 were sprayed through the openings 3 with a latex of styrene butadiene copolymer containing 45 percent solids. The latex was applied at a rate of 2.5 kg. per 10 kg. of lignocellulose fibers.
- the fiber conglomerates charged with latex which were obtained in this manner were resilient and could be further processed for form continuous webs or plates similar in their properties to commercial floor covering material prepared from fiber felt and polyvinyl chloride.
- EXAMPLE 4 Defibrator stock of the type described above and still containing 40 percent moisture was fed to the chamber at a rate of 10 kg./min. while air was injected from the nonles 14 at a velocity of 50 m./sec. and at a rate of 20 mP/see. A turbulent, relatively dense fiber layer formed in the upper portion of the chamber, and most fibers were converted, mainly in the dense 'layer, to globular conglomerates of relatively low mechanical strength. Those fibers which traveled through the chamber without forming conglomerates ultimately dropped through the screen 12 and were returned to the chute 4.
- EXAMPLE 5 The fibrous material received from the defibrator with a moisture content of 40 percent was predried to 8 percent moisture, and was thereafter subjected to intensive turbulence in the apparatus of FIG. 3 by means of air injected in the manner described in Example 4.
- the globular fiber conglomerates discharged from the chute 5 were even looser than those obtained in Example 4. They were ready for use as a bulk insulating material having thermal and acoustical properties far superior to those of the starting material.
- Example 6 The procedure of Example 5 was modified by spraying water droplets fine enough to form a fog on the turbulent fiber material in the chamber through the openings 3 at a rate of 3 kg. water per 10 kg. fibers.
- the mechanical stren'gthof the conglomerates so obtained was superior to that of the material produced in the method of Examples 4 and 5.
- EXAMPLE 7 The method of Example 6 was further modified by replacing the water sprayed through the openings 3 by an equal weight chemicals is the cheapest fibrous material available to us at this time. It is preferred for this reason and has been described with reference to all Examples. However, pure cellulose fibers, fibers of animal origin, synthetic fibers, and fiber mixtures have been converted to globular conglomerates within a few minutes as described above.
- Lignocellulose fibers such asthose produced from wood on a defibrator, have been found to be superior to most other fibers in their ability of aggregating or interlocking with each other. Their resiliency is high, and the conglomerates formed have thus desirable. properties for use as principal ingredients or fillers in compositions for-use in construction work.
- Moisture present in the conglomeration zone has been found to hasten the formation of the globular bodies from cellulose, lignocellulose, and chemically related fibers.
- the water need not necessarily be present in the liquid form, and steam has been used successfully.
- the water is believed to be effective by its surface tension. and by the bonding effect of its hydroxyl groups.
- the small 1 amount of water which is preferably employed is readily removed during a short air-drying period or by hot pressing of the conglomerates.
- Examples 1, 2, 3, and 7 are merely illustrative of the materials which may be employed for modifying the mechanical and other properties of the fiber balls, and other materials will readily come to mind which are suitable for application while in a liquid state, in the form of their melts or solutions, and which can thereafter be made to solidify by lowering their temperature or by evaporating a solvent.
- Water-repellent, flame-retarding, and pest-control agents have been applied in the manner obvious from Example 7.
- Bonding agents based on polymers other than ureaformaldehyde resin or styrene-butadiene 'copolymer have been used to produce basically fibrous balls whose properties could readily be predicted from the nature of the synthetic material.
- Plasticized polyvinyl chloride hasbeen employed in preparing globular conglomerates of the invention which were thereafter converted to fioor covering sheets by hot-pressing. The ratio of fibers to resin and the pressure employed during pressing may .be .varied to adapt the ultimate product to the intended use.
- Phenolic resins have been sprayed on lignocellulose fibers in a procedure similar to that of Example 1, and the resin was fully cured on the globular bodies discharged from the chute 5 while the material was converted to storing plates under high pressure. Such plates have been found to resist weathering well and to be suitable for wall shingles and the like.
- the fiber conglomerations of the invention have also been mixed with plaster and with cement as fillers in the production of prefabricated boards and plates capable of carrying loads in building constructions.
- the fiber conglomerates when produced without additives other than water or other volatile liquids have a globular shell whose fiber density is higher than that of the interior or core.
- impregnating agents When impregnating agents are applied to the fibrous material at a stage in which the shell has been formed, relatively little of the impregnating material reaches the-core.
- the procedure described in Example 2 is therefore preferred when the fiber balls are intended to be bonded to each other by means of thermoplastic material in a subsequent hot pressing operation.
- the penetration of the conglomerates by the bituminous material sprayed into the chamber can be controlled precisely by selecting the temperature prevailing in the chamber and the temperature of the sprayed material.
- bonding of lignocellulose fiber conglomerates in a hotpressing operation can be accomplished by admixing minor amounts of thermoplastic synthetic fibers to the defibrator stock either prior to entry into the chamber or in the chamber itself.
- impregnating agents may be admixed to the gas outside the chamber in an obvious manner, rather than introduced into the chamber itself. Gases other than air may be employed if so desired.
- the angle between the driving surfaces of the blades 7 and a radial plane may have to be reduced to as little as 5, and the blades illustrated in 'FIGS. 1 and 2 are adjustable over this range by means of nonillustrated threaded studs, nuts, and slots employed for fastening the blades to the diametrical arms in a basically conventional manner.
- the dwell time of the fibrous material in the chamber isv closely related to'the blade angle and to the rotary speed of the shafts 6.
- the dwell time, and particularly the time spent by the fibers in the turbulent, dense, top layer determines the diameter ofthe fiber balls formed which is readily varied between 2 and 30 mm., being approximately 15 mm. in the material produced in Examples 1
- the oblique position of the blades 7 also has been found to cause individual fibers to turn 'aliitmt their longitudinal axes while they are being propelled upwardly in the central zone of the chamber. Rapid conglomeration of fibers is thoughtto be due to this turning movement.
- the desired turbulent fiber layer is formed at circumferential blade velocities of approximately 2 to 5 meters per second. At rotary speeds too low to result in a circumferential velocity of 2 m./sec., an effectiveturbulent layer is not formed. At blade velocities higher than 5 m./sec., conglomerates formed'by turbulence tend to be broken up by the blades or by collision with other conglomerates traveling at the same velocity as the blade circumference. Most rapid conglomeration is normally achieved at a blade velocity of about 3 m./sec. Y
- the amount of air supplied, the cross section and direction of the nozzles 14 are adjusted in such a manner that the fibers move upwardly in the central chamberzoneat a velocity similar to that achieved in the mechanical system, that is, at 2 to 5 meters per second, and preferably at about 3 meters per second.
- a method of combining individual fibers in conglomerates which comprises:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19681728102 DE1728102B1 (de) | 1968-08-24 | 1968-08-24 | Verfahren zum Fertigen von Faserstoffzusammenballungen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3645813A true US3645813A (en) | 1972-02-29 |
Family
ID=5690287
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US851764A Expired - Lifetime US3645813A (en) | 1968-08-24 | 1969-08-20 | Method of conglomerating fibers |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3645813A (da) |
AT (1) | AT295987B (da) |
BE (1) | BE737842A (da) |
CH (1) | CH512596A (da) |
DE (1) | DE1728102B1 (da) |
DK (1) | DK136411C (da) |
FI (1) | FI54879C (da) |
FR (1) | FR2016338A1 (da) |
GB (1) | GB1276913A (da) |
LU (1) | LU59289A1 (da) |
NL (1) | NL147358B (da) |
SE (1) | SE384697B (da) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4065105A (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1977-12-27 | Amax Inc. | Fluidizing means for reducing viscosity of slurries |
US4212547A (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1980-07-15 | Stoelting, Inc. | Apparatus for blending fluid and soft particulate food constituents |
US4997681A (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1991-03-05 | Fiberglas Canada Inc. | Mineral fiber nodules and method of making same |
US5527171A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1996-06-18 | Niro Separation A/S | Apparatus for depositing fibers |
US5738439A (en) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-04-14 | Flower; Arnold B. | Mixing apparatus |
US6179916B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2001-01-30 | Arnold B. Flower | Apparatus for and method of coating particulates |
EP1123733A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Société d'Exploitation des Brevets Granofibre- Sebreg | Procédé et installation de fabrication de boulettes de fibres de bois |
US6354727B1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2002-03-12 | Kao Corporation | Mixing device |
WO2004020724A2 (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-03-11 | Jm Engineering A/S | Apparatus and method for making fibre balls |
US20200080244A1 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-03-12 | University Of Tennessee Research Foundation | Systems, devices, and methods of enhancing carbon fiber dispersion in wet-laid nonwovens |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2193350A5 (da) * | 1972-07-21 | 1974-02-15 | Sebreg | |
AU4160785A (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1985-10-31 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Cellulose particle cat litter |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1995540A (en) * | 1932-07-05 | 1935-03-26 | Carbonated Lime Processes Ltd | Method of aerating slurries |
US2543101A (en) * | 1944-07-20 | 1951-02-27 | American Viscose Corp | Composite fibrous products and method of making them |
US2931422A (en) * | 1954-10-26 | 1960-04-05 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for forming fibrous glass |
US3317192A (en) * | 1965-09-20 | 1967-05-02 | Improved Pavements Corp | Method and apparatus for preparing a bituminous concrete mix |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
LU38506A1 (da) * | ||||
FR898980A (fr) * | 1943-06-23 | 1945-05-14 | Procédé d'agglomération de combustibles pulvérents ou fibreux | |
US2445928A (en) * | 1944-06-06 | 1948-07-27 | Sommer Albert | Method and apparatus for preparing in a gaseous medium pulverulent noncoalescent dispersions |
FR1488751A (fr) * | 1966-08-05 | 1967-07-13 | Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C | Procédé et dispositif pour mélanger des substances avec un gaz support ainsi que pour obtenir des produits de réaction |
-
1968
- 1968-08-24 DE DE19681728102 patent/DE1728102B1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1969
- 1969-07-14 AT AT677269A patent/AT295987B/de active
- 1969-07-21 NL NL696911173A patent/NL147358B/xx unknown
- 1969-08-07 SE SE6911025A patent/SE384697B/xx unknown
- 1969-08-07 CH CH1201969A patent/CH512596A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-08-13 LU LU59289D patent/LU59289A1/xx unknown
- 1969-08-20 US US851764A patent/US3645813A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-08-21 DK DK450269A patent/DK136411C/da active
- 1969-08-21 FI FI2440/69A patent/FI54879C/fi active
- 1969-08-22 FR FR6928937A patent/FR2016338A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-08-22 BE BE737842D patent/BE737842A/xx unknown
- 1969-08-25 GB GB42275/69A patent/GB1276913A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1995540A (en) * | 1932-07-05 | 1935-03-26 | Carbonated Lime Processes Ltd | Method of aerating slurries |
US2543101A (en) * | 1944-07-20 | 1951-02-27 | American Viscose Corp | Composite fibrous products and method of making them |
US2931422A (en) * | 1954-10-26 | 1960-04-05 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method and apparatus for forming fibrous glass |
US3317192A (en) * | 1965-09-20 | 1967-05-02 | Improved Pavements Corp | Method and apparatus for preparing a bituminous concrete mix |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4065105A (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1977-12-27 | Amax Inc. | Fluidizing means for reducing viscosity of slurries |
FR2364683A1 (fr) * | 1976-09-17 | 1978-04-14 | Amax Inc | Reduction de la viscosite de bouillies, notamment de minerai, par agitation moderee |
US4212547A (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1980-07-15 | Stoelting, Inc. | Apparatus for blending fluid and soft particulate food constituents |
US4997681A (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1991-03-05 | Fiberglas Canada Inc. | Mineral fiber nodules and method of making same |
US5527171A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1996-06-18 | Niro Separation A/S | Apparatus for depositing fibers |
US5738439A (en) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-04-14 | Flower; Arnold B. | Mixing apparatus |
US6354727B1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2002-03-12 | Kao Corporation | Mixing device |
US6179916B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2001-01-30 | Arnold B. Flower | Apparatus for and method of coating particulates |
EP1123733A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Société d'Exploitation des Brevets Granofibre- Sebreg | Procédé et installation de fabrication de boulettes de fibres de bois |
FR2804897A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-17 | Sebreg | Procede et installation de fabrication de boulettes de fibres de bois |
WO2004020724A2 (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-03-11 | Jm Engineering A/S | Apparatus and method for making fibre balls |
WO2004020724A3 (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2004-04-01 | Jm Engineering As | Apparatus and method for making fibre balls |
US20050244532A1 (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2005-11-03 | Jm Engineering A/S | Apparatus and method for making fibre balls |
US20200080244A1 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-03-12 | University Of Tennessee Research Foundation | Systems, devices, and methods of enhancing carbon fiber dispersion in wet-laid nonwovens |
US11802357B2 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-10-31 | University Of Tennessee Research Foundation | Systems, devices, and methods of enhancing carbon fiber dispersion in wet-laid nonwovens |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI54879C (fi) | 1979-04-10 |
DE1728102B1 (de) | 1971-02-18 |
FI54879B (fi) | 1978-12-29 |
SE384697B (sv) | 1976-05-17 |
LU59289A1 (da) | 1970-01-01 |
GB1276913A (en) | 1972-06-07 |
AT295987B (de) | 1972-01-25 |
BE737842A (da) | 1970-02-02 |
DK136411B (da) | 1977-10-10 |
NL6911173A (da) | 1970-02-26 |
NL147358B (nl) | 1975-10-15 |
DK136411C (da) | 1978-03-13 |
CH512596A (de) | 1971-09-15 |
FR2016338A1 (da) | 1970-05-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3645813A (en) | Method of conglomerating fibers | |
US4242241A (en) | Method for making a slurry containing particulate matter and fibers for a preformed insulation product | |
US4278355A (en) | Method of mixing particulate components | |
US3345442A (en) | Method of molding sheet material from a uniform mixture of pre-expanded thermoplastic particles and a solid particulate additive | |
US2993235A (en) | Method for making reinforced resin products | |
US2646593A (en) | Method and apparatus for fiberizing molten material | |
US3051454A (en) | Mixing apparatus | |
CN1400085A (zh) | 木材的机械胶合板 | |
FI58484B (fi) | Saett att framstaella en mineralfiberprodukt | |
US3337669A (en) | Apparatus and methods for producing panels of mineral fibers | |
US872729A (en) | Mixing-machine. | |
CA2239127A1 (en) | Manufacture of man-made vitreous fibre products | |
KR0171898B1 (ko) | 단열재를 형성하기 위하여 불어대게될 유리솜의 제조방법 및 장치 | |
FI60189B (fi) | Anordning foer framstaellning av mineralull | |
US4366122A (en) | Apparatus for making urea-formaldehyde insulation | |
US2750317A (en) | Method and apparatus for making non-woven fabric | |
US3227789A (en) | Process of pelletizing a water soluble material | |
US3275063A (en) | Apparatus and method for gas contact spray drying | |
US4291128A (en) | Process for making urea-formaldehyde insulation | |
US4079863A (en) | Apparatus for dispensing material in bulk | |
US3751011A (en) | Mixing of particulate and fibrous materials | |
US3549731A (en) | Method for the production of resin particles | |
US3329631A (en) | Cellular urea formaldehyde resin, pellets thereof, and method for making the same | |
US3021255A (en) | Method of and machine for forming strips of material from wet mixes, including fibers | |
US3888962A (en) | Insulating product and dry process for its manufacture |