US3615912A - Metal-treating process - Google Patents
Metal-treating process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3615912A US3615912A US11901A US3615912DA US3615912A US 3615912 A US3615912 A US 3615912A US 11901 A US11901 A US 11901A US 3615912D A US3615912D A US 3615912DA US 3615912 A US3615912 A US 3615912A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- per liter
- calculated
- percent
- benzoate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/76—Applying the liquid by spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/42—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also phosphates
Definitions
- METAL-TREATING PROCESS This invention relates to a method for the chemical surface treatment of metal, and more particularly it relates to a process for treating ferrous metal surfaces to degrease and clean the surfaces and fonn thereon a thin, adherent phosphate coating.
- aqueous acidic solutions based on alkali and/or ammonium orthophosphates and having a pH value in the range of about 3 to 6, may be used for simultaneously degreasing, cleaning and forming protective phosphate layers on iron or steel surfaces.
- the phosphating solutions have been applied from stationary immersion or spraying equipment and produce good rust-proofing and/or paint-base coatings.
- an object of the present invention to provide a method for the pressure application of phosphate coatings, which method operates at appreciably lower temperatures than present methods using steam.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide an improved pressure application process for phosphate coatings, which process requires appreciably less maintenance in operation while producing consistently acceptable coating results.
- the present invention includes a method for the treatment of metal surfaces which comprises spraying an aqueous acidic solution, containing alkali and/or ammonium orthophosphates and having a pH value of from about 3.0 to 5.5, and effecting the spraying of this solution onto the metal surface to be treated at a pump pressure of from about to 75 atmospheres (gauge).
- the coatings produced by this method are found to provide an excellent base for the application of paints and similar protective films and although the method is particularly adapted for the treatment of ferrous metal surfaces, such as iron and steel, it may also be used on surfaces of zinc, aluminum, and their al loys.
- the aqueous acidic phosphating solutions used have a pH within the range of about 3 to 5.5 and are based on alkali and/or ammonium orthophosphates.
- these phosphates are present in the solution in amounts within the range of about 2 to 10 grams per liter, calculated as NaH,P0,.
- the compositions for use in the present invention may contain one or more of the alkali, i.e., sodium, potassium, lithium, cessium, or rhubidium,
- orthophosphates or ammonium orthophosphates Accordingly, for convenience hereinafter, reference will be made to the use of alkali orthophosphates, as including both the above-indicated alkali orthophosphates and the ammonium orthophosphates. Additionally, although the use of the monoalkali orthophosphates, such as monosodium orthophosphate are preferred, the diand tri-alkali orthophosphates may also be used. Particularly with the use of these latter materials, phosphoric acid may be added to the solution to adjust the pH of the solution to within the desired range of 3 to 5.5 and preferably within the range of about 3.5 to 4.
- the treating solutions for use in the present method utilize the orthophosphates and it is preferred that any appreciable amounts of condensed alkali and/or ammonium phosphates in the solution be avoided.
- quantities of condensed alkali and/or ammonium phosphates even as small as 3 percent by weight of the orthophosphates have a deliterious effect on the coatings which are formed. It is for this reason that the coating solutions of the present invention should be substantially free of any condensed alkali and/or ammonium phosphates.
- the phosphating solutions used in the method of the present invention desirably also contain a benzoate.
- the benzoate content of these coating solutions is desirably within the range of about 0.05 to 0.5 grams per liter, calculated as sodium benzoate, and preferably within the range of about 0.1 to 0.4 grams per liter.
- the benzoate may be incorporated in the solution in the form of a benzoic acid, or as one of the soluble salts thereof, such as sodium benzoate.
- the hydroxyl amine is added as the salt, such as hydroxyl amine acid sulfate, hydroxyl amine sulfate, hydroxyl amine hydrochloride, or the like, with the hydroxyl amine sulfate being preferred.
- the hydroxyl amine content of the treating bath is from about 0.04 to 0.3 grams per liter, calculated as NH,OH.
- the efficiency of the phosphating solution may be further improved by the addition of a molybdate to the bath.
- Various soluble molybdate materials, particularly the alkali molybdates may be used.
- the molybdate content of the bath is preferably from about 0.0l to 0.l grams per liter, calculated as Na,MoO..
- the cleaning and degreasing efficiency of the phosphating solutions may further be improved by incorporating a suitable surface-active agent in the solution.
- a suitable surface-active agent in the solution.
- various surface-active agents have been found to be suitable, in many instances the nonionic surfaceactive agents, and particularly the derivatives of the polyoxyalkylenes are preferred. In some instances, however, various anionic surface-active agents may also be used. Desirably, the surface-active agents are present in the solution in amounts within the range of about 0.05 to l gram per liter.
- these solutions are desirably prepared from a concentrate material, which concentrate may contain up to percent by weight of the monoalkali and/or monoammonium orthophosphate.
- the concentrate composition will contain from about 60 to 97 percent by weight of the monoalkali and/or monoammonium orthophosphate, from about 3 to 12 percent by weight of benzoate, calculated as sodium benzoate, up to about 7 percent by weight of hydroxyl amines or its salts, calculated as Na oH, up to about 3 percent by weight of a molbdate, calculated as Na,MoO,, and up to about l2 percent by weight of the surface-active agent.
- This concentrate composition is then dissolved in water to form the phosphating solutions for use in the present method.
- the concentrate composition is dissolved in water in amounts of from about 3 to 10 grams per liter, with amounts within the range of from about 4 to 6 grams per liter being preferred.
- the solution is sprayed onto the metal surface to be treated under a pump pressure of from about to 75 atmospheres excess pressure.
- various pump systems may be used, as for example, double-acting piston pumps with compressed-air drives; piston pumps with electromotor drives; multistage rotary pumps; or gear pumps.
- the treating solution is drawn by the pump from a suitable storage tank, the temperature of the treating solution typically being within the range of about 50 to 80 C., although higher and lower temperatures may be used in some instances.
- the spraying tubes or lances are preferably used in such a manner that the jet is passed in a crosswise motion at a distance of about l0 centimeters from the surface which is to be treated.
- the treatment should start at the top or upper end of the surface to be treated so as to minimize the quantities of runoff solution which come into contact with already treated surfaces.
- the solutions used contain surface-active agents, it has been found that frequently the surfaces will become grease-free and fully wetted after only about l0 to seconds treatment.
- a preconcentrate containing up to as much as I00 grams per liter of the concentrate compositions described above may also be used.
- these preconcentrate compositions will be admixed with water, in a mixing line, using appropriate valve systems, to bring them to the desired treating concentration. In this manner, the need for bulky and cumbersome equipment and storage tanks for the treating solution is avoided.
- the treated surfaces are desirably rinsed with deionized water so as to provide satisfactory paint stability.
- the treating solutions contain benzoate,'an after treatment with a corrosion inhibiting material, such as a solution containing chromic acid, is not necessary. If desired, however, rinsing with chromic acid solutions or similar inhibiting materials may be utilized.
- the treating solutions applied in the method of the present invention contain a benzoate
- the treating solutions used contain appreciable amounts of condensed phosphates, even with the benzoates present, it is found that the treated surfaces have increased corrosion susceptability so that appreciable corrosion of the surfaces takes place when they are permitted to dry in air.
- the method of the present invention has been found to be extremely efficient, requiring low installation and chemical cost and involving a simple method of operation and a rapid startup and is, therefore, suitable for a wide variety of uses.
- This method has been found to be particularly applicable in those installations where objects with large surfaces, such as for example, agricultural machinery, buses, trucks of bulky constructional components and the like are being produced. Additionally, the method is particularly applicable to operations wherein the number of objects treated per day is relatively small as for example in the manufacture of special bodies, as well as in short runs or in repair and maintenance shops.
- the method of the present invention is particularly suited for the surface treatment of ferrous metal, e.g. iron and steel, the method is also suitable for treating the surfaces of the zinc, aluminum, and their alloys.
- ferrous metal e.g. iron and steel
- the iron oxide-iron phosphate layer which is formed is generally from a blue to reddish shiny color, having a coating weight typically within the range of about 0.3 to 0.8 grams per square meter. This coating has been found to provide an excellent base for paint and similar organic coatings.
- Phosphoric acid was added to the solution to adjust the pH to 3.5 and the solution was heated to C.
- the solution was then compressed to about 30 atmospheres excess pressure by means of a compressed air-driven high-pressure pump and was then sprayed onto grease-coated steel sheets for one minute.
- the temperature of the solution as it emerged from the spraying jets was about 60 C., and the distance between the jet and the sheet being treated was about 10 centimeters.
- the treated sheets were rinsed by spraying with water for 30 seconds at 20 C.; sprayed for 30 seconds with a 55 C. solution containing 0.16 grams per liter CrO, and 0.03 grams per liter Cr(IlI) ions; rinsed by spraying with deionized water and then dried for l0 minutes in a forced air circulating oven at I10 C.
- the thus'treated sheets were coated with a deep-blue, uniform iron oxide-iron phosphate layer.
- the thus-treated surfaces were then spray painted with a polyacrylate base paint, the thickness of the applied paint film being about 26 pm.
- the painted sheets were then subjected to the standard salt-spray test in accordance with the procedure ASTM Bl 17-64. After 168 hours in the test, there was found to be a corrosion creepage of only 3 millimeters from the scratch line.
- the pH of this solution was 4.
- Identical steel sheets, as used in example 1 were then treated with the solution in a conventional stationary four-zone spraying installation, the treating solution being sprayed for 2 minutes at 60 C. under a pressure of 1.5 atmospheres.
- This spray treatment with the treating solution was then repeated following which the sheets were rinsed with water, chromic-acid-containing solutions, deionized water, and dried, in the same manner as set forth in example 1.
- the iron oxide-iron phosphate coatings produced on the sheets were light blue in color.
- the treated steel sheets were then painted, as in example I, and subjected to the same salt-spray test. In this instance, however, a corrosion creepage of three millimeters from the scratch line was produced after only 92 hours in the test.
- EXAMPLE 3 In an automobile production plant, car bodies were treated using the high-pressure application method of the present invention to form a paint-base coating.
- a high-pressure spraying device was used in conjunction with a double-acting piston pump driven by compressed air at about 3 atmospheres over pressure.
- the phosphatizing solutions used were drawn into the pump from a storage tank, compressed to about 30 atmospheres excess pressure and were then sprayed onto the surfaces to be treated using two spraying lances.
- Each of the lances was provided with fishtail jets having an equivalent diameter of about 0.9 millimeters and an angle of the opening of the fishtailjets of about 65.
- Both of these solutions were adjusted with phosphoric acid to a pH of about 4 and were then heated to about 80 C. by means of immersion heaters.
- the treating solutions were sprayed onto the objects with a jet having a spray capacity of about 4 liters per minute.
- the temperature of the sprayed solution was about 60 C. and the distance between the jets and metal surfaces was about to 20 centimeters.
- the spraying was started on the upper portion of the body and progressed slowly downwardly with a double crosswise motion. About one to two square meters of surface area were treated per minute. After about 10 minutes, the cleaning and protective layer formation was completed over the entire body. Thereafter, the bodies were sprayed with water and the residual water film was allowed to dry in air, about 3 to 5 minutes being required to effect complete drying. On those bodies which had been sprayed with solution A, it was found that a very heavy rust layer appeared within about 30 seconds after drying. In contrast, on the bodies on which solution B had been used, there was no evidence of rust or other corrosion after the drying in
- EXAMPLE 4 Grease-coated steel sheets were treated for one minute with the solutions A and B, as described in example 3 above, using a pump pressure of about 30 atmospheres and a solution temperature of 60 C. The treated sheets were then rinsed with water, after-rinsed with deionized water and dried. A polyacrylate base paint was then applied by spraying to form a paint thickness of about 25 t. These sheets were then subjected to the standard salt-spray test, according to ASTM B l l764. The sheets treated with solution A SHOWED A corrosion creepage of 3 millimeters after 96 hours in test while the sheets treated with solution 8 showed a corrosion creepage of 3 millimeters after I20 hours in tests.
- a phosphate coating is formed on a metal surface by the spray application of an aqueous acidic phosphatizing solution
- the improvement which comprises formulating the phosphating solution with alkali and/or ammonium orthophosphates, maintaining the solution pH within the range of about 3.0 to 5.5 and spraying the solution onto the metal surface at a pump pressure of from about l0 to 75 atmospheres excess pressure.
- the phosphatizing solution also contains an accelerator selected from hydroxyl amine and hydroxyl amine salts, in an amount of from about 0.04 to 0.3 grams per liter, calculated as NH,OH.
- the phosphatizing solution also contains from about 0.01 to 0.l gram per liter molybdate, calculated as Na,MoO,.
- the phosphatizing solution also contains from about 0.05 to l gram per liter of a surface-active agent.
- a concentrate composition suitable for the preparation of an aqueous acidic phosphating solution for use in the method of claim 1, which concentrate composition comprises from about 60 to 97 percent by weight ofa monoalkali and/or monoammonium orthophosphate, from about 3 to l2 percent by weight benzoate, calculated as sodium benzoate, an accelerator selected from hydroxyamine and hydroxylamine salts, in an amount up to about 7 percent by weight, calculated as N H OH, up to about 3 percent by weight molyhdate, calculated as Na Moo and up to about 12 percent by weight of a surface-active agent.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1942156A DE1942156B2 (de) | 1969-08-19 | 1969-08-19 | Verfahren zur Oberflachenbehandlung von Metallen unter Phosphatschichtbildung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3615912A true US3615912A (en) | 1971-10-26 |
Family
ID=5743212
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11901A Expired - Lifetime US3615912A (en) | 1969-08-19 | 1970-02-16 | Metal-treating process |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3615912A (ru) |
BE (1) | BE742133A (ru) |
DE (1) | DE1942156B2 (ru) |
ES (1) | ES377516A1 (ru) |
FR (1) | FR2058366A1 (ru) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3890165A (en) * | 1970-04-09 | 1975-06-17 | Fmc Corp | Passivation of materials which come into contact with peroxygen compounds |
US3961991A (en) * | 1972-11-22 | 1976-06-08 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Method for chemical treatment of the surface of an iron substrate with phosphoric acid solutions |
US4017335A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-04-12 | Economics Laboratory, Inc. | Liquid phosphatizing composition and use thereof |
US4026734A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1977-05-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method of coating titanium |
US4060433A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-11-29 | Economics Laboratory, Inc. | Foam phosphatizing method and composition |
US4149909A (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1979-04-17 | Amchem Products, Inc. | Iron phosphate accelerator |
US5234509A (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1993-08-10 | Henkel Corporation | Cold deformation process employing improved lubrication coating |
US6309748B1 (en) | 1997-12-16 | 2001-10-30 | David S. Lashmore | Ferromagnetic powder for low core loss parts |
US20040118483A1 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-06-24 | Michael Deemer | Process and solution for providing a thin corrosion inhibiting coating on a metallic surface |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1254223B (de) * | 1967-03-14 | 1967-11-16 | Ernst Tesch K G | Programmsteuereinrichtung mit einem Schrittschaltwerk und einer nach Art eines Kreuzschienenverteilers programmierbaren Koordinatentafel |
DE2149466C2 (de) * | 1971-10-04 | 1983-05-26 | Gerhard Collardin GmbH, 5000 Köln | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Behandlung von Metalloberflächen |
DE2337987C3 (de) * | 1973-07-24 | 1982-02-04 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Zum Einbau in eine Steuervorrichtung vorgesehene Rangierleiste |
DE2505172A1 (de) * | 1975-02-07 | 1976-09-16 | Collardin Gmbh Gerhard | Verfahren zur herstellung von phosphatueberzuegen im spritzverfahren auf eisen und stahl |
US5683816A (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-11-04 | Henkel Corporation | Passivation composition and process for zinciferous and aluminiferous surfaces |
US5891268A (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1999-04-06 | Henkel Corporation | High coating weight iron phosphating, compositions therefor, and use of the coating formed as a lubricant carrier |
IT1302593B1 (it) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-09-29 | Abb Ricerca Spa | Procedimento di pretrattamento di lamierati metallici destinati allaverniciatura |
-
1969
- 1969-08-19 DE DE1942156A patent/DE1942156B2/de active Pending
- 1969-11-21 FR FR6940065A patent/FR2058366A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-11-24 BE BE742133D patent/BE742133A/xx unknown
-
1970
- 1970-02-16 US US11901A patent/US3615912A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-03-14 ES ES377516A patent/ES377516A1/es not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3890165A (en) * | 1970-04-09 | 1975-06-17 | Fmc Corp | Passivation of materials which come into contact with peroxygen compounds |
US3961991A (en) * | 1972-11-22 | 1976-06-08 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Method for chemical treatment of the surface of an iron substrate with phosphoric acid solutions |
US4017335A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-04-12 | Economics Laboratory, Inc. | Liquid phosphatizing composition and use thereof |
US4026734A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1977-05-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method of coating titanium |
US4060433A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-11-29 | Economics Laboratory, Inc. | Foam phosphatizing method and composition |
US4149909A (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1979-04-17 | Amchem Products, Inc. | Iron phosphate accelerator |
US5234509A (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1993-08-10 | Henkel Corporation | Cold deformation process employing improved lubrication coating |
US6309748B1 (en) | 1997-12-16 | 2001-10-30 | David S. Lashmore | Ferromagnetic powder for low core loss parts |
US20040118483A1 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-06-24 | Michael Deemer | Process and solution for providing a thin corrosion inhibiting coating on a metallic surface |
CN1754009B (zh) * | 2002-12-24 | 2011-10-19 | 坎梅陶尔股份有限公司 | 在金属表面上提供薄腐蚀抑制涂层的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE742133A (ru) | 1970-05-04 |
DE1942156A1 (de) | 1971-03-11 |
FR2058366A1 (ru) | 1971-05-28 |
DE1942156B2 (de) | 1973-12-06 |
ES377516A1 (es) | 1972-07-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP 32100 STEPHENSON Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003942/0016 Effective date: 19810317 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:HOOKER CHEMICAS & PLASTICS CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004126/0054 Effective date: 19820330 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PARKER CHEMICAL COMPANY, 32100 STEPHENSON HWY., MA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004194/0047 Effective date: 19830928 |