US3609385A - Low-to-high voltage current coupler circuit - Google Patents
Low-to-high voltage current coupler circuit Download PDFInfo
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- US3609385A US3609385A US3609385DA US3609385A US 3609385 A US3609385 A US 3609385A US 3609385D A US3609385D A US 3609385DA US 3609385 A US3609385 A US 3609385A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/003—Changing the DC level
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- An object of this invention is to provide a coupler circuit which can couple currents existing at a relatively low voltage level (near volts) to the terminals of apparatus which exist at a relatively high voltage level.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a current coupler which can couple current existing at substantially ground voltage level to the cathode of a cathode-ray tube biased at a high voltage level.
- Another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel and useful current coupling circuit.
- DESClRlPTllON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In the circuit diagram of the invention shown in the drawing, it is desired to apply current from a current source 10, which exists at a voltage level near ground, to the cathode 12 of a storage tube 114, wherein a bias from a bias source 16 is applied between the cathode l2 and the control grid 18. Current from the source is applied through a resistor 20 to the emitter of a transistor 22. A bias is also applied to this emitter through resistor 24 and a potentiometer 26 which is connected to a negative biasing source.
- the base of transistor 22 is connected to a known thermalcompensating arrangement which includes a transistor 28 whose base is coupled to the base of transistor 22 and also to its collector. its collector is connected through a resistor 30 to a positive potential source. lts emitter is connected to ground.
- the collector of transistor 22 is connected to the emitters of two transistors respectively 32 and 34.
- Transistor 32 has its collector connected to the cathode of a diode 36 and to one side of a capacitor 38. The other side of the capacitor 38 is connected to the anode of the diode 40, and to emitter of a transistor 432.
- the collector of transistor 42 is connected to the cathode E2 of the storage tube M.
- the base of transistor 42 is connected to the grid 18 of the storage tube M.
- the transistor 34 has its collector connected to the cathode of a diode dd and to one side of a capacitor 46.
- the other side of the capacitor 416 is connected to the anode of the diode 48 and to the emitter of a transistor 50.
- the collector of transistor 50 is connected to the cathode 12 of the storage tube 14.
- the base of the transistor 50 is also connected to the control grid 18 of the storage tube.
- the cathodes of diodes W and 48 are connected to the bases of transistors 42 and 5d
- the anode of diode 36 is connected to one end of a resistor 52, to the cathode of a diode 54, and to the collector of a transistor 56.
- the anode of diode 44 is connected to one end of a resistor 58, to the cathode of a diode 60, and to the collector of a transistor 62.
- Resistors 52 and 58 are connected to a positive potential source (on the order of +50 volts)
- the anodes of diodes 54 and 60 are connected to a positive potential source (on the order of +12 volts).
- the emitters of transistors 5s and 62 are connected to the cross connected diodes respectively 64 and 66.
- the emitters of transistors 56 and 62 are also respectively connected through resistors 68 and 70, to a. negative potential source, (on the order of l2 volts).
- the base of transistor 62 and the base of transistor 34 are respectively connected to a positive potential source, (on the order of 6 volts).
- An oscillator 72 which by way of illustration, in an embodiment of the invention, was a free running oscillator having a frequency on the order of 20 kHz. This oscillator has its output applied to the bases of transistors 32 and 56 for the purpose of gating them on and off at the 20 kHz. rate.
- transistors 32 and 56 When the oscillator 72 biases transistors 32 and 56 so that they are conductive, by virtue of the cross coupling, transistors 34 and 62 are rendered nonconductive. Diode 36 is back-biased and therefore is blocked. Capacitor 46 can be charged from the potential source 16 through a path which includes diode 48, capacitor 46, diode 44, resistor 58 and the positive potential source to which it is connected. Current flows from the current source 10 through transistor 22,
- transistors 32 and 56 When transistors 32 and 56 are cut off, then transistors 34 and 62 are rendered conductive. A path is provided for the current source through transistor 22, through transistor 34, through capacitor 46, and through transistor 50 to the cathode 12. Meanwhile, capacitor 38 is being charged up from the bias source to through the path provided by the diode 40, capacitor 38, diode 36 and resistor 52 to the positive potential source.
- capacitor 46 which has previously been charged up from that bias source is permitted to conduct current from the current source 10 to the cathode of the storage tube. Thereafter, capacitor 38 is switched into the current conducting path between the current source and the cathode of the storage tube while capacitor 46 is connected to be recharged from the bias source. In this manner the high potential difference between the control grid and the cathode is maintained while current is applied to the cathode from the current source which is at a low potential value.
- a circuit for coupling current from a source at a relatively low voltage level to apparatus biased at a relatively high voltage level from a high voltage level source comprising:
- first switch means for coupling said first capacitor to said relatively high voltage source for charging when activated
- fourth switch means for coupling said current source through said second capacitor to said apparatus when activated
- Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for alternatively actuating said first and fourth switch means for coupling comprises an oscillator.
- first means for coupling includes first diode means coupled between said source of high voltage and one side of said first capacitor,
- a second diode means coupled between the other side of said first capacitor and said source of high voltage
- first transistor means for biasing said second diode means nonconductive when said first transistor means is rendered conductive.
- said second coupling means includes a second transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said first capacitor, and
- a third transistor means coupling said one side of said capacitor to the input of said apparatus.
- said third coupling means includes third diode means coupled between said source of high voltage and one side of said second capacitor means,
- fourth diode means coupling said other side of said second capacitor means to the source of high voltage
- fourth transistor means for rendering said third diode means nonconductive when said fourth transistor means is rendered conductive.
- said fourth means for coupling includes fifth transistor means for coupling said current source to said other side of said second capacitor means, and
- sixth transistor means for coupling said one side of said capacitor means to said apparatus.
- a coupling circuit comprising a first capacitor means
- fourth means for coupling said current source through said first capacitor means to said apparatus input terminal while said second capacitor means is being charged from said relatively high voltage source
- first switching means for switching said first capacitor means from said first means to said fourth means
- second switching means for switching said second capacitor means from said second means to said third means when said first switching means switches said first capacitor means from said first means to said fourth means.
- Apparatus for coupling a current source at a relatively low potential level to the input terminal of apparatus which is biased by a relatively high voltage source having a first and second output terminal to a potential at a relatively high level
- said apparatus comprising a first capacitor means
- first capacitor means for coupling said first capacitor means to be charged by said relatively high voltage potential source including a first diode coupled between said relatively high voltage potential source and one side of said first capacitor means
- first transistor means for controlling the conductivity of said second diode means, means for coupling said second diode means to said high volta ge source for chargingbcomprising: third diode means coupling t e first output terminal of said high voltage source to one side of said second capacitor means,
- fourth diode means coupling the other side of said second capacitor means to the second output terminal of said high voltage source
- fourth diode means coupling the other side of said second capacitor means to the second output terminal of said high voltage source
- third transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said first capacitor means
- fifth transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said second diode means
- sixth transistor means coupling said one side of said other capacitor means to said terminal of said apparatus
- oscillator means for alternately rendering said first and second transistor means conductive when said fourth and fifth transistor means are nonconductive.
- said fourth and sixth transistor means each has a collector, base and emitter electrode, and there are included means connecting the collectors of said fourth and sixth transistors to the input terminal of said apparatus,
- said first and third diodes each has an anode and a cathode
- said first and second transistor means each has a base emitter and collector electrode
- diode means coupling the emitter of said first transistor to the emitter of said second transistor
- oscillator means coupled to the bases of said first and third transistors for alternately rendering them conductive
- said third and fifth transistor means each having a collector base and emitter electrode
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Abstract
A circuit is provided which can apply a current which exists at a low voltage to the input terminal of apparatus, such as a cathode-ray tube, which must be biased at a high voltage.
Description
United States Patent Inventor Ted W. Berwin Los Angeles, Calif. Appl. No. 868,664 Filed Oct. 6, 1969 Patented Sept. 28, 1971 Assignee Hughes Aircraft Company Culver City, Calif.
LOW-TO-HIGH VOLTAGE CURRENT COUPLER CIRCUIT 9 Claims, 1 Drawing Fig.
501 FieldofSearch 328/226, 2523;315/170, 172, 173; 320/1; 307/49, 77, 85, 296; 321/15 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,797,302 5/1957 Smith 320/1x 3,199,014 8/1965 Putzrath 320/1 Primary ExaminerWilliam H. Beha, Jr. Auorneys-james K. Haskell and Walter 1. Adam ABSTRACT: A circuit is provided which can apply a current which exists at a low voltage to the input terminal of apparatus, such as a cathode-ray'tube, which must be biased at a high voltage.
PATENTEU SEP28IE17I duzzawr fawez Anna 5y LDW 'll'D-Hllfillli VOLTAGE CURRENT CDllJlPLlElR CllHtClJllll BACKGROUND OF THE lNVENTlON This invention relates to current-coupling circuits and more particularly to improvements therein.
In the suppressed cathode operation of storage tubes, DC control from grid to cathode is required. When the cathode is biased at a voltage from one to six lrilovolts, a special coupler circuit is required to be used. Voltage couplers do exist for this purpose. These are pulse width couplers for example. Current couplers, as far as is known, do not exist and in order to apply a current to the cathode of the storage tube it was necessary to convert the current to a voltage.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE llNVENTlON An object of this invention is to provide a coupler circuit which can couple currents existing at a relatively low voltage level (near volts) to the terminals of apparatus which exist at a relatively high voltage level.
Another object of this invention is to provide a current coupler which can couple current existing at substantially ground voltage level to the cathode of a cathode-ray tube biased at a high voltage level.
Yet, another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel and useful current coupling circuit.
These and other objects of the invention are achieved in an arrangement wherein two capacitors are provided with arrangements to connect one to thebiasing source of the storage tube to be charged therefrom while the other, which has previously charged, is in a path which couples the current source at ground level to the cathode of the storage tube, and means are provided for switching the described connections of the capacitors.
The novel features of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention will best be understood from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
ElltlElF DESCRllPTlON OF THE DRAWING The drawing is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
DESClRlPTllON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT In the circuit diagram of the invention shown in the drawing, it is desired to apply current from a current source 10, which exists at a voltage level near ground, to the cathode 12 of a storage tube 114, wherein a bias from a bias source 16 is applied between the cathode l2 and the control grid 18. Current from the source is applied through a resistor 20 to the emitter of a transistor 22. A bias is also applied to this emitter through resistor 24 and a potentiometer 26 which is connected to a negative biasing source.
The base of transistor 22 is connected to a known thermalcompensating arrangement which includes a transistor 28 whose base is coupled to the base of transistor 22 and also to its collector. its collector is connected through a resistor 30 to a positive potential source. lts emitter is connected to ground.
The collector of transistor 22 is connected to the emitters of two transistors respectively 32 and 34. Transistor 32 has its collector connected to the cathode of a diode 36 and to one side of a capacitor 38. The other side of the capacitor 38 is connected to the anode of the diode 40, and to emitter of a transistor 432. The collector of transistor 42 is connected to the cathode E2 of the storage tube M. The base of transistor 42 is connected to the grid 18 of the storage tube M.
The transistor 34 has its collector connected to the cathode of a diode dd and to one side of a capacitor 46. The other side of the capacitor 416 is connected to the anode of the diode 48 and to the emitter of a transistor 50. The collector of transistor 50 is connected to the cathode 12 of the storage tube 14. The base of the transistor 50 is also connected to the control grid 18 of the storage tube.
The cathodes of diodes W and 48 are connected to the bases of transistors 42 and 5d The anode of diode 36 is connected to one end of a resistor 52, to the cathode of a diode 54, and to the collector of a transistor 56. The anode of diode 44 is connected to one end of a resistor 58, to the cathode of a diode 60, and to the collector of a transistor 62. Resistors 52 and 58 are connected to a positive potential source (on the order of +50 volts) The anodes of diodes 54 and 60 are connected to a positive potential source (on the order of +12 volts). The emitters of transistors 5s and 62 are connected to the cross connected diodes respectively 64 and 66. The emitters of transistors 56 and 62 are also respectively connected through resistors 68 and 70, to a. negative potential source, (on the order of l2 volts).
The base of transistor 62 and the base of transistor 34 are respectively connected to a positive potential source, (on the order of 6 volts). An oscillator 72, which by way of illustration, in an embodiment of the invention, was a free running oscillator having a frequency on the order of 20 kHz. This oscillator has its output applied to the bases of transistors 32 and 56 for the purpose of gating them on and off at the 20 kHz. rate.
The operation of the system is as follows:
When the oscillator 72 biases transistors 32 and 56 so that they are conductive, by virtue of the cross coupling, transistors 34 and 62 are rendered nonconductive. Diode 36 is back-biased and therefore is blocked. Capacitor 46 can be charged from the potential source 16 through a path which includes diode 48, capacitor 46, diode 44, resistor 58 and the positive potential source to which it is connected. Current flows from the current source 10 through transistor 22,
'through transistor 32, through capacitor 38, and through transistor 42 into the cathode 12.
When transistors 32 and 56 are cut off, then transistors 34 and 62 are rendered conductive. A path is provided for the current source through transistor 22, through transistor 34, through capacitor 46, and through transistor 50 to the cathode 12. Meanwhile, capacitor 38 is being charged up from the bias source to through the path provided by the diode 40, capacitor 38, diode 36 and resistor 52 to the positive potential source.
From the foregoing it will be seen that when capacitor 38 is being charged up from the bias potential which is applied to the control grid, capacitor 46 which has previously been charged up from that bias source is permitted to conduct current from the current source 10 to the cathode of the storage tube. Thereafter, capacitor 38 is switched into the current conducting path between the current source and the cathode of the storage tube while capacitor 46 is connected to be recharged from the bias source. In this manner the high potential difference between the control grid and the cathode is maintained while current is applied to the cathode from the current source which is at a low potential value.
From the foregoing, there has been described and shown a novel, useful and unique coupling circuit.
What is claimed is:
l. A circuit for coupling current from a source at a relatively low voltage level to apparatus biased at a relatively high voltage level from a high voltage level source comprising:
a first and a second capacitor,
first switch means for coupling said first capacitor to said relatively high voltage source for charging when activated,
second switch means for coupling, said current source to said apparatus through said first capacitor when activated, third switch means for coupling said second capacitor to said high voltage source for charging when activated,
fourth switch means for coupling said current source through said second capacitor to said apparatus when activated, and
means for alternatively activating said first and fourth switch means for coupling and then said second and third switch means for coupling.
2. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for alternatively actuating said first and fourth switch means for coupling comprises an oscillator.
3. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said first means for coupling includes first diode means coupled between said source of high voltage and one side of said first capacitor,
a second diode means coupled between the other side of said first capacitor and said source of high voltage, and
first transistor means for biasing said second diode means nonconductive when said first transistor means is rendered conductive.
4. Apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein said second coupling means includes a second transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said first capacitor, and
a third transistor means coupling said one side of said capacitor to the input of said apparatus.
5. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said third coupling means includes third diode means coupled between said source of high voltage and one side of said second capacitor means,
fourth diode means coupling said other side of said second capacitor means to the source of high voltage, and
fourth transistor means for rendering said third diode means nonconductive when said fourth transistor means is rendered conductive.
6. Apparatus as recited in claim 4 wherein said fourth means for coupling includes fifth transistor means for coupling said current source to said other side of said second capacitor means, and
sixth transistor means for coupling said one side of said capacitor means to said apparatus.
7. In a system where it is required to couple current from a source which is at a relatively low voltage value to the input terminal of apparatus which must be maintained at a relatively high voltage value by a high voltage value bias source having first and second output terminals,
a coupling circuit comprising a first capacitor means,
a second capacitor means,
first means for charging said first capacitor means from said high voltage bias source,
second means for coupling said current source to said apparatus input terminal through said second capacitor means while said first capacitor means is being charged from said high voltage bias source,
third means for charging said second capacitor means from said relatively high voltage bias source,
fourth means for coupling said current source through said first capacitor means to said apparatus input terminal while said second capacitor means is being charged from said relatively high voltage source,
first switching means for switching said first capacitor means from said first means to said fourth means, and
second switching means for switching said second capacitor means from said second means to said third means when said first switching means switches said first capacitor means from said first means to said fourth means.
8. Apparatus for coupling a current source at a relatively low potential level to the input terminal of apparatus which is biased by a relatively high voltage source having a first and second output terminal to a potential at a relatively high level,
said apparatus comprising a first capacitor means,
a second capacitor means,
means for coupling said first capacitor means to be charged by said relatively high voltage potential source including a first diode coupled between said relatively high voltage potential source and one side of said first capacitor means,
a second diode coupled between the other side of said first capacitor means and the other output terminal of said relatively high voltage source, and
first transistor means for controlling the conductivity of said second diode means, means for coupling said second diode means to said high volta ge source for chargingbcomprising: third diode means coupling t e first output terminal of said high voltage source to one side of said second capacitor means,
fourth diode means coupling the other side of said second capacitor means to the second output terminal of said high voltage source, and
fourth diode means coupling the other side of said second capacitor means to the second output terminal of said high voltage source, and
a second transistor means for controlling the conductivity of said fourth diode means,
means for coupling said current source to said apparatus input terminal through said first capacitor means includmg:
third transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said first capacitor means, and
fourth transistor means coupling said one side of said first capacitor means to the input terminal to said apparatus,
means for coupling said current source through said second capacitor means to said apparatus input terminal comprising:
fifth transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said second diode means, and
sixth transistor means coupling said one side of said other capacitor means to said terminal of said apparatus, and
oscillator means for alternately rendering said first and second transistor means conductive when said fourth and fifth transistor means are nonconductive.
9. Apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said fourth and sixth transistor means each has a collector, base and emitter electrode, and there are included means connecting the collectors of said fourth and sixth transistors to the input terminal of said apparatus,
means connecting the bases of said fourth and sixth transistors to one terminal of said high voltage source,
said first and third diodes each has an anode and a cathode,
means connecting said first diode means anode to said fourth transistor emitter,
means connecting said third diode anode to said sixth transistor emitter, and
means connecting the cathodes of said first and third diodes to the bases of said fourth and sixth transistors,
said first and second transistor means each has a base emitter and collector electrode,
means connecting the collector of said first transistor to the anode of said second diode,
means connecting said first transistor collector to the other terminal of said high voltage source,
means connecting said first transistor emitter to a source of biasing potential,
diode means coupling the emitter of said first transistor to the emitter of said second transistor,
oscillator means coupled to the bases of said first and third transistors for alternately rendering them conductive,
means connecting the collector of said second transistor to the anode of said fourth diode,
means connecting said second transistor collector to the other terminal of said high voltage source,
said third and fifth transistor means each having a collector base and emitter electrode,
means connecting the collectors of said third and fifth transistor means to the cathodes to the respective cathodes of said second and fourth diodes,
means connecting the emitters of said third and fifth transistor means to said current source,
means connecting the base of said third transistor means to the base of said first transistor means and means connecting the base of said fifth transistor means to the base of said second transistor means.
Claims (9)
1. A circuit for coupling current from a source at a relatively low voltage level to apparatus biased at a relatively high voltage level from a high voltage level source comprising: a first and a second capacitor, first switch means for coupling said first capacitor to said relatively high voltage source for charging when activated, second switch means for coupling, said current source to said apparatus through said first capacitor when activated, third switch means for coupling said second capacitor to said high voltage source for charging when activated, fourth switch means for coupling said current source through said second capacitor to said apparatus when activated, and means for alternatively activating said first and fourth switch means for coupling and then said second and third switch means for coupling.
2. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for alternatively actuating said first and fourth switch means for coupling comprises an oscillator.
3. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said first means for coupling includes first diode means coupled between said source of high voltage and one side of said first capacitor, a second diode means coupled between the other side of said first capacitor and said source of high voltage, and first transistor means for biasing said second diode means nonconductive when said first transistor means is rendered conductive.
4. Apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein said second coupling means includes a second transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said first capacitor, and a third transistor means coupling said one side of said capacitor to the input of said apparatus.
5. Apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein said third coupling means includes third diode means coupled between said source of high voltage and one side of said second capacitor means, fourth diode means coupling said other side of said second capacitor means to the source of high voltage, and fourth transistor means for rendering said third diode means nonconductive when said fourth transistor means is rendered conductive.
6. Apparatus as recited in claim 4 wherein said fourth means for coupling includes fifth transistor means for coupling said current source to said other side of said second capacitor means, and sixth transistor means for coupling said one side of said capacitor means to said apparatus.
7. In a system where it is required to couple current from a source which is at a relatively low voltage value to the input terminal of apparatus which must be maintained at a relatively high voltage value by a high voltage value bias source having first and second output terminals, a coupling circuit comprising a first capacitor means, a second capacitor means, first means for charging said first capacitor means from said high voltage bias source, second means for coupling said current source to said apparatus input terminal through said second capacitor means while said first capacitor means is being charged from said high voltage bias source, third means for charging said second capacitor means from said relatively high voltage bias source, fourth means for coupling said current source through said first capacitor means to said apparatus input terminal while said second capacitor means is being charged from said relatively high voltage source, first switching means for switching said first capacitor means from said first means to said fourth means, and second switching means for switching said second capacitor means from said second means to said third means when said first switching means switches said first capacitor means from said first means to said fourth means.
8. Apparatus for coupling a current source at a relatively low potential level to the input terminal of apparatus which is biased by a relatively high voltage source having a first and second output terminal to a potential at a relatively high level, said apparatus comprising a first capacitor means, a second capacitor means, means for coupling said first capacitor means to be charged by said relatively high voltage potential source including a first diode coupled between said relativelY high voltage potential source and one side of said first capacitor means, a second diode coupled between the other side of said first capacitor means and the other output terminal of said relatively high voltage source, and first transistor means for controlling the conductivity of said second diode means, means for coupling said second diode means to said high voltage source for charging comprising: third diode means coupling the first output terminal of said high voltage source to one side of said second capacitor means, fourth diode means coupling the other side of said second capacitor means to the second output terminal of said high voltage source, and a second transistor means for controlling the conductivity of said fourth diode means, means for coupling said current source to said apparatus input terminal through said first capacitor means including: third transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said first capacitor means, and fourth transistor means coupling said one side of said first capacitor means to the input terminal to said apparatus, means for coupling said current source through said second capacitor means to said apparatus input terminal comprising: fifth transistor means coupling said current source to said other side of said second diode means, and sixth transistor means coupling said one side of said other capacitor means to said terminal of said apparatus, and oscillator means for alternately rendering said first and second transistor means conductive when said fourth and fifth transistor means are nonconductive.
9. Apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said fourth and sixth transistor means each has a collector, base and emitter electrode, and there are included means connecting the collectors of said fourth and sixth transistors to the input terminal of said apparatus, means connecting the bases of said fourth and sixth transistors to one terminal of said high voltage source, said first and third diodes each has an anode and a cathode, means connecting said first diode means anode to said fourth transistor emitter, means connecting said third diode anode to said sixth transistor emitter, and means connecting the cathodes of said first and third diodes to the bases of said fourth and sixth transistors, said first and second transistor means each has a base emitter and collector electrode, means connecting the collector of said first transistor to the anode of said second diode, means connecting said first transistor collector to the other terminal of said high voltage source, means connecting said first transistor emitter to a source of biasing potential, diode means coupling the emitter of said first transistor to the emitter of said second transistor, oscillator means coupled to the bases of said first and third transistors for alternately rendering them conductive, means connecting the collector of said second transistor to the anode of said fourth diode, means connecting said second transistor collector to the other terminal of said high voltage source, said third and fifth transistor means each having a collector base and emitter electrode, means connecting the collectors of said third and fifth transistor means to the cathodes to the respective cathodes of said second and fourth diodes, means connecting the emitters of said third and fifth transistor means to said current source, means connecting the base of said third transistor means to the base of said first transistor means and means connecting the base of said fifth transistor means to the base of said second transistor means.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86866469A | 1969-10-06 | 1969-10-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3609385A true US3609385A (en) | 1971-09-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3609385D Expired - Lifetime US3609385A (en) | 1969-10-06 | 1969-10-06 | Low-to-high voltage current coupler circuit |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4074147A (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1978-02-14 | Xerox Corporation | Switching amplifiers |
-
1969
- 1969-10-06 US US3609385D patent/US3609385A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4074147A (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1978-02-14 | Xerox Corporation | Switching amplifiers |
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