US3607346A - Layers method of wet transferring unexposed photographic emulsion - Google Patents

Layers method of wet transferring unexposed photographic emulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3607346A
US3607346A US818100A US3607346DA US3607346A US 3607346 A US3607346 A US 3607346A US 818100 A US818100 A US 818100A US 3607346D A US3607346D A US 3607346DA US 3607346 A US3607346 A US 3607346A
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Prior art keywords
emulsion layer
support
aqueous bath
saccharide
per liter
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Expired - Lifetime
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US818100A
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Rex Leslie Darlow
Guy William Willis Stevens
Jill Frances Wood
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor

Definitions

  • Said method comprises suspending a stripped emulsion layer in an aqueous bath comprising a saccharide at a concentration of about 1 to 200 grams per liter, positioning a support beneath and contiguous to said layer, and removing said support bearing the emulsion layer from the bath.
  • This invention relates to a method of transferring layers of a photographic emulsion to another support.
  • this invention relates to an improved method of wettransferring autoradiographic photographic silver halide emulsion layers to an irregular surface.
  • An improved method of wet-transferring a photographic emulsion layer is desired without substantially increasing fog or affecting the other photographic properties of the emulsion.
  • said method for transferring a photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprises suspending said emulsion layer in an aqueous bath, positioning a support in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and removing said support with said emulsion layer simultaneously from said aqueous bath containing a saccharide at a concentration of at least about 1 gram per liter.
  • said saccharide is glucose
  • said aqueous bath comprises a saccharide at a concentration from about 1 to about 200 grams per liter and a soluble bromide salt at a concentration from about 1 to about 100 mg. per liter.
  • this invention provides a very good method for transferring a photographic emulsion layer to an uneven surface without substantial reduction in some of the desired photographic properties.
  • Typical saccharides which can be used in the practice of this invention include monoor di-saccharides such as, for example, glucose, dextrose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, maltose, levulose, lactose and the like, though glucose and sucrose are preferred.
  • a saccharide concentration of at least about 1 gram per liter and generally in the range from about 1 to about 200 grams per liter is useful.
  • a saccharide concentration from about to about 100 grams per liter is preferred.
  • the aqueous transfer bath can comprise a saccharide alone.
  • the transfer time i.e., interval of time during which the emulsion layer is suspended in the aqueous bath
  • the transfer time can then be adjusted so that the concentration of bromide left in the emulsion layer has decreased to the desired level when the emulsion is removed from the bath on the support.
  • the length of the transfer time can be determined experimentally by evaluating the relationship between sensitivity and transfer time.
  • a preferred method is to add a soluble bromide salt to the aqueous bath comprising a saccharide and suspending the emulsion layer in the bath for a transfer time of about 5 minutes.
  • the soluble bromide salt can be added at a rate from about 1 to about 100 milligrams per liter, preferably from about 3 to about 30 milligrams per liter.
  • Suitable supports include cellulose nitrate film, cellulose ester film, polyvinyl acetal film, polystyrene film, poly(ethy1ene terephthalate) film and related films or resinous materials as well as glass, metal and the like.
  • Supports such as paper which are coated with a-olefin polymers, particularly polymers of aolefins containing two or more carbon atoms, e.g.
  • polyethylene, polypropylene and ethylene butene copolymers can also be employed.
  • the practice of the invention is particularly suitable for transferring photographic silver halide emulsions uniformly onto supports which have nonflat or uneven surfaces.
  • uneven-surfaced supports are those commonly used in autoradiography such as glass plates or slides bearing a specimen (e.g., a radioactive tissue section).
  • the improved method of this invention can comprise the use of a dry-stripped emulsion layer which is stripped or peeled from its temporary support, such as a glass plate, and suspended in the aqueous bath for about 5 minutes or until said layer has swelled and stretched out tight and flat.
  • An uneven-surfaced support placed in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and preferably beneath said layer is removed simultaneously with said layer from the aqueous bath at a slight angle to allow excess water to drain from between said layer and said support.
  • said emulsion layer adheres to the contours of the uneven-surfaced support.
  • the emulsion layer can then be exposed in a light, tight box. In autoradiography, lengthy exposure times of from a few days to many weeks are common.
  • Photographic silver halide emulsion layers are stripped from fine-grain autoradiographic stripping plates of the type disclosed in Data Book of Applied Photography, Autoradiography, Vol. 2, SClO, and suspended for 5 minutes in different aqueous baths comprising glucose and/or potassium bromide at concentrations as disclosed in Tables 1 and 2 below.
  • the emulsion layers are removed from the: aqueous baths on glass plates and dried. Some plates are contacted or exposed to low activity sources prepared with radioactive silver 1110. Other plates are stored at ambient-room temperature and humidity. All plates are developed for 5 minutes in Kodak (TM) Developer D19 at 20 C. Fog rise in unexposed plates held for 4, l2 and 24 weeks is determined by counts of fog grains as set forth in Table 1. In Table 2 the densities of plates exposed to a low activity source for 1, l2 and 24 weeks are given.
  • KBr 40 mg./l... KBr, 801ng./l 1 6 Glucose, 5D g./l. with KBr, 10 mg./l.
  • a method for transferring an unexposed photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprising suspending said layer in an aqueous bath, positioning a support in contiguous relationship with said layer and removing said emulsion layer on said support simultaneously from said aqueous bath, an improvement comprising a saccharide concentration in said aqueous bath of from at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter.
  • said aqueous bath comprises a saccharide concentration in said aqueous bath of at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter and a soluble bromide salt concentration from about 1 to about 100 mg.
  • An improved method of wet-transferring an unexposed photographic dry-stripped emulsion layer uniformly to an uneven-surfaced support comprising suspending said emulsion layer in an aqueous bath comprising a saccharide at a concentration of from at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter, positioning said support beneath and in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and removing said support bearing said emulsion layer from said aqueous bath.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

A method of retaining the sensitomeric properties of photographic silver halide emulsion layers which have been transferred from one support to another via an aqueous bath. Said method comprises suspending a stripped emulsion layer in an aqueous bath comprising a saccharide at a concentration of about 1 to 200 grams per liter, positioning a support beneath and contiguous to said layer, and removing said support bearing the emulsion layer from the bath.

Description

Unite States Patet Inventors Appl. No. Filed Patented Assignee LAYERS METHOD OF WET TRANSFEING UNEXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSION 8 (Ilaims, No Drawings lint. Cl G03c 1/90, 603C 1 1/12 Field of Search 96/28, 109,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,185,569 5/1965 Weber 96/109 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,062,116 3/1967 Great Britain Primary Examiner-N0rman G. Torchin Assistant Examiner-John Winkelman Attorneys-William H. J. Kline, Bernard D Wiese and Gerald E. Battist ABSTRACT: A method of retaining the sensitomeric properties of photographic silver halide emulsion layers which have been transferred from one support to another via an aqueous bath. Said method comprises suspending a stripped emulsion layer in an aqueous bath comprising a saccharide at a concentration of about 1 to 200 grams per liter, positioning a support beneath and contiguous to said layer, and removing said support bearing the emulsion layer from the bath.
[AYERS METHOD OF WET TRANSFERRING UNEXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSION This invention relates to a method of transferring layers of a photographic emulsion to another support. In one specific aspect, this invention relates to an improved method of wettransferring autoradiographic photographic silver halide emulsion layers to an irregular surface.
It is known that in wet-transferring methods conducted in water, the loss of soluble halide from the silver halide emulsion results in an increase in sensitivity and a growth of fog. It is also known that fog growth can be inhibited by the addition of a soluble bromide salt to the transfer water. However, the use of bromide salts has, in some instances, produced reduced sensitivity, increased fog after extended exposures, etc.
An improved method of wet-transferring a photographic emulsion layer is desired without substantially increasing fog or affecting the other photographic properties of the emulsion.
We have now found an improved method of wet-transferring photographic silver halide emulsion layers which generally comprises utilizing a saccharide in the aqueous transfer solution.
In one embodiment, said method for transferring a photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprises suspending said emulsion layer in an aqueous bath, positioning a support in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and removing said support with said emulsion layer simultaneously from said aqueous bath containing a saccharide at a concentration of at least about 1 gram per liter.
In another embodiment, said saccharide is glucose.
ln a preferred embodiment, said aqueous bath comprises a saccharide at a concentration from about 1 to about 200 grams per liter and a soluble bromide salt at a concentration from about 1 to about 100 mg. per liter.
In another embodiment, this invention provides a very good method for transferring a photographic emulsion layer to an uneven surface without substantial reduction in some of the desired photographic properties.
The practice of the invention as herein disclosed results in autoradiographs with improved photographic characteristics.
Typical saccharides which can be used in the practice of this invention include monoor di-saccharides such as, for example, glucose, dextrose, sucrose, fructose, galactose, maltose, levulose, lactose and the like, though glucose and sucrose are preferred. A saccharide concentration of at least about 1 gram per liter and generally in the range from about 1 to about 200 grams per liter is useful. A saccharide concentration from about to about 100 grams per liter is preferred.
ln emulsion layers containing a significant excess of free bromide ions, the aqueous transfer bath can comprise a saccharide alone. The transfer time (i.e., interval of time during which the emulsion layer is suspended in the aqueous bath) can then be adjusted so that the concentration of bromide left in the emulsion layer has decreased to the desired level when the emulsion is removed from the bath on the support. The length of the transfer time can be determined experimentally by evaluating the relationship between sensitivity and transfer time.
A preferred method is to add a soluble bromide salt to the aqueous bath comprising a saccharide and suspending the emulsion layer in the bath for a transfer time of about 5 minutes. Generally the soluble bromide salt can be added at a rate from about 1 to about 100 milligrams per liter, preferably from about 3 to about 30 milligrams per liter.
The practice of the invention as herein disclosed is a useful method for coating or transferring any photographic silver ha lide emulsion layer onto a suitable support. Examples of suitable supports include cellulose nitrate film, cellulose ester film, polyvinyl acetal film, polystyrene film, poly(ethy1ene terephthalate) film and related films or resinous materials as well as glass, metal and the like. Supports such as paper which are coated with a-olefin polymers, particularly polymers of aolefins containing two or more carbon atoms, e.g.
polyethylene, polypropylene and ethylene butene copolymers, can also be employed. The practice of the invention is particularly suitable for transferring photographic silver halide emulsions uniformly onto supports which have nonflat or uneven surfaces. Examples of uneven-surfaced supports are those commonly used in autoradiography such as glass plates or slides bearing a specimen (e.g., a radioactive tissue section).
The improved method of this invention can comprise the use of a dry-stripped emulsion layer which is stripped or peeled from its temporary support, such as a glass plate, and suspended in the aqueous bath for about 5 minutes or until said layer has swelled and stretched out tight and flat. An uneven-surfaced support placed in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and preferably beneath said layer is removed simultaneously with said layer from the aqueous bath at a slight angle to allow excess water to drain from between said layer and said support. After drying at ambient-room temperatures or in a stream of cold air, said emulsion layer adheres to the contours of the uneven-surfaced support. The emulsion layer can then be exposed in a light, tight box. In autoradiography, lengthy exposure times of from a few days to many weeks are common.
This invention is further illustrated by the following example.
EXAMPLE Photographic silver halide emulsion layers are stripped from fine-grain autoradiographic stripping plates of the type disclosed in Data Book of Applied Photography, Autoradiography, Vol. 2, SClO, and suspended for 5 minutes in different aqueous baths comprising glucose and/or potassium bromide at concentrations as disclosed in Tables 1 and 2 below. The emulsion layers are removed from the: aqueous baths on glass plates and dried. Some plates are contacted or exposed to low activity sources prepared with radioactive silver 1110. Other plates are stored at ambient-room temperature and humidity. All plates are developed for 5 minutes in Kodak (TM) Developer D19 at 20 C. Fog rise in unexposed plates held for 4, l2 and 24 weeks is determined by counts of fog grains as set forth in Table 1. In Table 2 the densities of plates exposed to a low activity source for 1, l2 and 24 weeks are given.
TABLE 1 Fog grains per 101111 Sample No. Transfer bath Fresh 4 wks. 12 wks.
24 wlrs.
KBr, 40 mg./l... KBr, 801ng./l 1 6 Glucose, 5D g./l. with KBr, 10 mg./l.
TABLE 2 Density on exposure to a low activity source Sample 0. Transfer bath 1 wk.
12 wks. 24 wks.
1 Water (control)...
4 KBr, 40 rngJl 0.
5 KBr, mg./l 0
6 Glucose 50 g./l. with KBr, 10 0 mgJl.
Although the invention has been described in considerable detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
We claim:
1. In a method for transferring an unexposed photographic silver halide emulsion layer comprising suspending said layer in an aqueous bath, positioning a support in contiguous relationship with said layer and removing said emulsion layer on said support simultaneously from said aqueous bath, an improvement comprising a saccharide concentration in said aqueous bath of from at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter.
2. The improvement of claim 1 glucose.
3. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said saccharide is sucrose.
4. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said aqueous bath comprises a saccharide concentration in said aqueous bath of at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter and a soluble bromide salt concentration from about 1 to about 100 mg.
wherein said saccharide is per liter.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said support is beneath said emulsion layer upon said simultaneous removal of both from said aqueous bath.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said support comprises an uneven surface in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer upon removal of said support from said aqueous bath.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said emulsion layer is drystripped from another support before suspending in said aqueous bath.
8. An improved method of wet-transferring an unexposed photographic dry-stripped emulsion layer uniformly to an uneven-surfaced support, said method comprising suspending said emulsion layer in an aqueous bath comprising a saccharide at a concentration of from at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter, positioning said support beneath and in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and removing said support bearing said emulsion layer from said aqueous bath.
555 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION 3,607, 3Lp6 Dated September 21 'l 97! Patent No.
Rex L. Darlow, Guy W. W. Stevens, Jill F. Wood Inventor(s) It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
I' Title is incorrect. Should read Method 6'5 Wet Transferring Unexposed Photographic Emulsion Layers--- Abstract, line I "sensitomeric" should read ---sensitometric---.
Column 2, line 1414. (page L line 15 of the application),
after "Table 1 insert ---below--.
Column 2, line 65 (page L line 36 of the application),
'1 .65" should read ---1 6L1.---.
Signed and sealed this 11th day of April 1972.
(SEAL) Attest:
EDWABD M.FLET( IHER,JR. ROBERT GOT'ISCHALK Attestlng Officer Commissioner of Patents

Claims (7)

  1. 2. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said saccharide is glucose.
  2. 3. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said saccharide is sucrose.
  3. 4. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said aqueous bath comprises a saccharide concentration in said aqueous bath of at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter and a soluble bromide salt concentration from about 1 to about 100 mg. per liter.
  4. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein said support is beneath said emulsion layer upon said simultaneous removal of both from said aqueous bath.
  5. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein said support comprises an uneven surface in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer upon removal of said support from said aqueous bath.
  6. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein said emulsion layer is dry-stripped from another support before suspending in said aqueous bath.
  7. 8. An improved method of wet-transferring an unexposed photographic dry-stripped emulsion layer uniformly to an uneven-surfaced support, said method comprising suspending said emulsion layer in an aqueous bath comprising a saccharide at a concentration of from at least about 1 gram to about 200 grams per liter, positioning said support beneath and in contiguous relationship with said emulsion layer and removing said support bearing said emulsion layer from said aqueous bath.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867227A (en) * 1973-01-12 1975-02-18 Jenoptik Jena Gmbh Method for producing super smooth photo plates
WO1988005559A1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-28 The Foxboro Company Method of patterning resist
US5015553A (en) * 1985-06-10 1991-05-14 The Foxboro Company Method of patterning resist
US5254435A (en) * 1985-06-10 1993-10-19 The Foxboro Company Method of patterning resist
US5260168A (en) * 1989-10-13 1993-11-09 The Foxboro Company Application specific tape automated bonding
CN106842810A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 蔡元 " bold and vigorous " formula photographic printing method in classic print
CN106842808A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 蔡元 " mist " shape photographic printing method in classic shade

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185569A (en) * 1962-08-29 1965-05-25 Du Pont Photographic silver halide material containing lactose
GB1062116A (en) * 1964-04-10 1967-03-15 Ilford Ltd Photographic silver halide emulsions

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185569A (en) * 1962-08-29 1965-05-25 Du Pont Photographic silver halide material containing lactose
GB1062116A (en) * 1964-04-10 1967-03-15 Ilford Ltd Photographic silver halide emulsions

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867227A (en) * 1973-01-12 1975-02-18 Jenoptik Jena Gmbh Method for producing super smooth photo plates
US5015553A (en) * 1985-06-10 1991-05-14 The Foxboro Company Method of patterning resist
US5254435A (en) * 1985-06-10 1993-10-19 The Foxboro Company Method of patterning resist
WO1988005559A1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-28 The Foxboro Company Method of patterning resist
US5260168A (en) * 1989-10-13 1993-11-09 The Foxboro Company Application specific tape automated bonding
US5378581A (en) * 1989-10-13 1995-01-03 The Foxboro Company Application specific tape automated bonding
CN106842810A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 蔡元 " bold and vigorous " formula photographic printing method in classic print
CN106842808A (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 蔡元 " mist " shape photographic printing method in classic shade
WO2017096741A1 (en) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-15 蔡元 "fogging" type photographic printing method for classical photographic prints

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