US3599281A - Heat insulating casing - Google Patents
Heat insulating casing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3599281A US3599281A US772681A US3599281DA US3599281A US 3599281 A US3599281 A US 3599281A US 772681 A US772681 A US 772681A US 3599281D A US3599281D A US 3599281DA US 3599281 A US3599281 A US 3599281A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- container
- heat
- charge
- compacting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure
Definitions
- the charge is heated to temperatures far in excess of that required for compacting, such high temperatures will cause undesirable metallurgical changes, such as'carbide and sulfide growth and agglomeration, Particularly in the case of tool steel articles, agglomeration of carbides and sulfides results in a lessening of the cutting life of any tools made from such material.
- the charge is supplied with supplemental heat while inthe autoclave, this adds substantially to the size, cost and complexity of the autoclave apparatus as well as to the time that the charge remains in the autoclave.
- a more particular object of the invention is to provide a heat-insulating casing covering the powdered-metal filled container during transport thereof fro rnjthe heating furnace to the autoclave, whereby supplemental heating of the charge within the autoclave may be eliminated.
- Yet another object of the invention is to provide a heat-insulating casing for use in preventing heat loss from a powderedmetal filled container, said heat-insulating casing being adapted to permit unitary removal of the container and casing from the furnace and transport to the autoclave.
- Another. related object of the invention is to provide a casing that will insulate the powder-filled container against heat loss and will also protect the interior of the autoclave from damage by the high temperatures andscale of the container.
- FIG. '1 is an elevational view of a typical cylindrical container for a powdered-metal charge, with parts broken away to show the powdered metal therein;
- FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the container of FIG. I with the heat-insulating casing, with portions of the casing broken away to show the heat-insulating material therein, in accordance with the present invention positioned thereover;
- FIG. 3 is an elevational view in partial, vertical section of the container and casing of FIG'. 2 positioned in an autoclave for compacting, with portions of the container and casing broken away toshow the heat-insulating material therein.
- the present invention comprises a heat-insulating casing having an interior confonning substantially to the configuration of the container of powdered metal to be compacted.
- the charge When the charge has reached the required compact- ,ing temperature within a furnace locatedexterior' of the autoclave, it is separated from the furnace and the heat-insulat ing casing of the invention is lowered, as by the use of an overhead crane, to cover the container.
- Means are provided near the bottom of the casing for connecting the same to a base or pedestal upon which thecontainer rests during heating in the furnace. The connection, is such as to permit the container, base and heat-insulating casing to be removed, from,the furnace as a unit by the use of an overhead crane and transported thereby to an autoclave.
- connection may comprise a pin that is passed through the casing and into the base or alternately a pin that is fixed in the base and locks into a slot in the casing.
- the unit is then positioned in the autoclave for compacting.
- the time between the completion 6f heating and the beginning of compacting is greatly. minimized and, in addition, the heat-insulating casing minimizes heat loss from the charge during transport and prior to compacting in the autoclave;
- the heat-insulating casing comprises an inner shell that conforms substantially to the configuration of the powder-filled container and an outer shell that is generally cylindrical to conform to the generally cylindrical autoclave.
- the outside diameter of the casing should be only slightly less than the inside diameter of the autoclave to further minimize heat loss while the unit is within the" autoclave awaiting the application of fluid pressure for compacting.
- the inner and outershells are in spaced-apart relation to create a space therebetween that is filled with a heat-insulating material, such as zirconia.
- a cylindrical container 10 which may be constructed from a mild steel, having an upwardly extending stem 12.
- the; container interior is filled with a charge of powdered metal 14 to be compacted.
- Stem 12 of the container permits connection to a means, such as a pump, for evacuating the container interiorafter it has been filled with the powdered-metal charge.
- the container may typically have a 10-inch diameter with a length of 47 inch.
- the container is supported in an upright position, as shown in the figures, on a base or pedestal ⁇ 6.
- the top or supporting surface of the pedestal is provided with a refractory pad I8.
- a drilling 20, which is normal to the axis of the base 16, is provided to accommodate a pin connection used for connecting the heat insuIating casing to the container 10 and base.
- This casing, which is indicated generally as 22, is best shown in FIG. 2.
- the casing 22 comprises an outer shell 24 of generally cylindrical configuration and an inner shell 26 having dimensions slightly greater than but confonning with those of the container 10. In this manner, the casing 22 may be placed over the container, as by the use of an overhead crane (not shown), to cover said container as shown in FIG. 2 of the drawings.
- a crane hook 28 is provided on the top thereof. Near the bottom of the casing, there are provided axially aligned openings in the shells 24 and 26 that are aligned with drilling 20 in the base 16 upon positioning of the casing over the container and base. With the casing in this position, as shown in FIG. 2, a pin 32 is inserted through the openings 30,and drilling 20. This serves to connect the casing with the hue 16, and upon lifting v of the casing, as by connection of a crane hook at 28, the container 10, base 16 and heat-insulating casing 22 may be lifted as a unit from the furnace and repositioned as a unit in an autoclave.
- the pin may be fixed within the base and thus extend therefrom in opposite directions as stationary lugs. Slots are provided inthe bottom of the easing into which the pin ends" or lugs may be locked as by taming the casing about its vertical axis upon positioning of the lugs within the slots.
- the unitary positioning of the container, base and heat-insulating casing within an autoclave is shown in FIG. 3 of the drawings.
- the autoclave a portion of which is shown in FIG. .3 and designated generally as 33, has a cylindrical interior 34 that is lined removable stacked cylindrical inserts 36.
- the inserts 36 act as an armor to protect the autoclave interior.
- These inserts may be of various diameters depending upon the diameter of the heat-insulating casing to be positioned in the autoclave. As pointed out hereinabove,
- a heat-insulating material 38 which may be a refractory or insulating oxide material, such as zirconia, magnesia or silica. Because of the high temperatures involved, the shells 24 and 26 of the casing are preferably constructed from a heat-resistant material, such as stainless steel.
- a removable heat-insulating casing for minimizing cooling of said powdered-metal charge after said charge has been heated in a furnace to compacting temperature and prior to compacting.
- a heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 1 having an interior conforming substantially to the configuration of said container and covering a major portion thereof.
- a heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 1 having means for removably connecting said casing to a portable base upon which said container is supported.
- said means for removably connecting said casing to said base includes a pin that extends through said casing and into said base.
- a heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 1 having an inner shell and an outer shell in spaced-apart relation.
- a heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 5 having a heat-insulating material between said inner and outer shells.
- a removable heat-insulating casing for minimizing cooling of said powdered-metal charge after heating to compacting temperature and prior to compacting, said casing comprising an inner shell and an outer shell in spaced-apart relation, said inner shell conforming substantially to the configuration of said container and covering a major portion thereof, a heat-insulating material between said inner and outer shells, and means for removably connecting said casing to a portable base upon which said container is supported.
- a method for producing a compact by fluid-pressure compacting a powdered-metal charge at elevated temperature within a container comprising providing a container having therein a charge of powdered metal to be compacted, heating said container and charge in a furnace to an elevated temperature not less than a selected compacting temperature at which UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,599,2 1 Dated August 17, 1971 Inventor(s) Charles Benjamin Boyer It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 2. A heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 1 having an interior conforming substantially to the configuration of said container and covering a major portion thereof.
- 3. A heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 1 having means for removably connecting said casing to a portable base upon which said container is supported.
- 4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said means for removably connecting said casing to said base includes a pin that extends through said casing and into said base.
- 5. A heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 1 having an inner shell and an outer shell in spaced-apart relation.
- 6. A heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 5 having a heat-insulating material between said inner and ouTer shells.
- 7. A heat-insulating casing as recited in claim 6 wherein said heat-insulating material is selected from the group consisting of zirconia, magnesia and silica.
- 8. In combination with a container having therein a powdered-metal charge to be compacted by fluid-pressure application while at elevated temperature, a removable heat-insulating casing for minimizing cooling of said powdered-metal charge after heating to compacting temperature and prior to compacting, said casing comprising an inner shell and an outer shell in spaced-apart relation, said inner shell conforming substantially to the configuration of said container and covering a major portion thereof, a heat-insulating material between said inner and outer shells, and means for removably connecting said casing to a portable base upon which said container is supported.
- 9. The casing of claim 8 wherein said means for removably connecting said casing to said base includes a pin that extends through said inner and outer shells and into said base.
- 10. A method for producing a compact by fluid-pressure compacting a powdered-metal charge at elevated temperature within a container, comprising providing a container having therein a charge of powdered metal to be compacted, heating said container and charge in a furnace to an elevated temperature not less than a selected compacting temperature at which said charge is to be compacted, covering said container with a removable, heat-insulating casing, removing said casing and container from said furnace as a unit and placing said unit within a fluid-pressure vessel, and compacting said powdered-metal charge by the application of fluid pressure before said charge cools to a temperature below said selected compacting temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US77268168A | 1968-11-01 | 1968-11-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3599281A true US3599281A (en) | 1971-08-17 |
Family
ID=25095852
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US772681A Expired - Lifetime US3599281A (en) | 1968-11-01 | 1968-11-01 | Heat insulating casing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3599281A (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE28301E (en) * | 1967-05-08 | 1975-01-14 | Hot isostatic pressing using a vitreous container | |
US3931382A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1976-01-06 | National Forge Company | Method for rapid isostatic pressing |
US3932178A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1976-01-13 | Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget | Method of isostatic hot pressing of powder |
US3970517A (en) * | 1973-01-15 | 1976-07-20 | Skf Industrial Trading And Development Company, B.V. | Process of safely compacting a radio-active material into a solid body |
US3986870A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1976-10-19 | Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget | Method of manufacturing bodies by pressure sintering of powder |
US3992202A (en) * | 1974-10-11 | 1976-11-16 | Crucible Inc. | Method for producing aperture-containing powder-metallurgy article |
US4094672A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1978-06-13 | Crucible Inc. | Method and container for hot isostatic compacting |
US4108652A (en) * | 1976-08-17 | 1978-08-22 | Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a sintered body of high density |
US4185061A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-01-22 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Production of ceramic articles |
US4217087A (en) * | 1979-07-16 | 1980-08-12 | Pressure Technology, Inc. | Isostatic apparatus for treating articles with heat and pressure |
US4255374A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1981-03-10 | Institut Cerac S.A. | Method of compacting powder |
US4264556A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-04-28 | Kaplesh Kumar | Thermal isostatic densifying method and apparatus |
US4383963A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1983-05-17 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Process for annealing heat fused cast refractory product |
EP0109243A1 (en) * | 1982-11-06 | 1984-05-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Hot isostatic pressing apparatus |
US4693863A (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1987-09-15 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | Process and apparatus to simultaneously consolidate and reduce metal powders |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2131753A (en) * | 1936-06-04 | 1938-10-04 | Rubatex Products Inc | Multiwall autoclave |
US3172153A (en) * | 1961-10-11 | 1965-03-09 | David G Loomis | Apparatus for molding powdered materials |
US3246056A (en) * | 1962-06-25 | 1966-04-12 | Great Lakes Carbon Corp | Production of low-permeability, highdensity, carbon and graphite bodies |
US3249964A (en) * | 1963-09-09 | 1966-05-10 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Producing dense articles from powdered carbon and other materials |
US3258514A (en) * | 1962-02-02 | 1966-06-28 | Kaiser Alnminum & Chemical Cor | Hot pressing of powdered refractory material |
US3419935A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-01-07 | Atomic Energy Commission Usa | Hot-isostatic-pressing apparatus |
-
1968
- 1968-11-01 US US772681A patent/US3599281A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2131753A (en) * | 1936-06-04 | 1938-10-04 | Rubatex Products Inc | Multiwall autoclave |
US3172153A (en) * | 1961-10-11 | 1965-03-09 | David G Loomis | Apparatus for molding powdered materials |
US3258514A (en) * | 1962-02-02 | 1966-06-28 | Kaiser Alnminum & Chemical Cor | Hot pressing of powdered refractory material |
US3246056A (en) * | 1962-06-25 | 1966-04-12 | Great Lakes Carbon Corp | Production of low-permeability, highdensity, carbon and graphite bodies |
US3249964A (en) * | 1963-09-09 | 1966-05-10 | Stackpole Carbon Co | Producing dense articles from powdered carbon and other materials |
US3419935A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-01-07 | Atomic Energy Commission Usa | Hot-isostatic-pressing apparatus |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE28301E (en) * | 1967-05-08 | 1975-01-14 | Hot isostatic pressing using a vitreous container | |
US3932178A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1976-01-13 | Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget | Method of isostatic hot pressing of powder |
US3986870A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1976-10-19 | Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget | Method of manufacturing bodies by pressure sintering of powder |
US3970517A (en) * | 1973-01-15 | 1976-07-20 | Skf Industrial Trading And Development Company, B.V. | Process of safely compacting a radio-active material into a solid body |
US3931382A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1976-01-06 | National Forge Company | Method for rapid isostatic pressing |
US3992202A (en) * | 1974-10-11 | 1976-11-16 | Crucible Inc. | Method for producing aperture-containing powder-metallurgy article |
US4094672A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1978-06-13 | Crucible Inc. | Method and container for hot isostatic compacting |
US4108652A (en) * | 1976-08-17 | 1978-08-22 | Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a sintered body of high density |
US4255374A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1981-03-10 | Institut Cerac S.A. | Method of compacting powder |
US4185061A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-01-22 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Production of ceramic articles |
US4217087A (en) * | 1979-07-16 | 1980-08-12 | Pressure Technology, Inc. | Isostatic apparatus for treating articles with heat and pressure |
US4264556A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-04-28 | Kaplesh Kumar | Thermal isostatic densifying method and apparatus |
US4383963A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1983-05-17 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Process for annealing heat fused cast refractory product |
EP0109243A1 (en) * | 1982-11-06 | 1984-05-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Hot isostatic pressing apparatus |
US4491302A (en) * | 1982-11-06 | 1985-01-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Hot isostatic pressing apparatus |
US4693863A (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1987-09-15 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | Process and apparatus to simultaneously consolidate and reduce metal powders |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: COLT INDUSTRIES OPERATING CORP. Free format text: MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE CENTER COMPANY (INTO) CRUCIBLE INC. (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004120/0308 Effective date: 19821214 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, PENNSYLVANIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:COLT INDUSTRIES OPERATING CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004194/0621 Effective date: 19831025 Owner name: CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A DE CORP. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:COLT INDUSTRIES OPERATING CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004194/0621 Effective date: 19831025 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MELLON BANK, N.A. FOR THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK (NA Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0452 Effective date: 19851219 Owner name: CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, THE (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION) A Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0452 Effective date: 19851219 Owner name: MELLON FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0410 Effective date: 19851219 Owner name: MELLON BANK, N.A. AS AGENT FOR MELLON BANK N.A. & Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CRUCIBLE MATERIALS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004490/0410 Effective date: 19851219 |