US3592489A - Housings with contractable well casing hanger seats - Google Patents
Housings with contractable well casing hanger seats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3592489A US3592489A US807730A US3592489DA US3592489A US 3592489 A US3592489 A US 3592489A US 807730 A US807730 A US 807730A US 3592489D A US3592489D A US 3592489DA US 3592489 A US3592489 A US 3592489A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- seat
- actuator
- ring structure
- hanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
- E21B33/043—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads specially adapted for underwater well heads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to well bore apparatus, and more particularly to apparatus for hanging casings from a housing at the top of the well bore.
- housings for hanging casing string in well bores particularly those employed in offshore drilling, have a landing shoulder that reduces the bore diameter through the housing to a substantial extent. This requires the well bore to be underreamed before the desired diameter of easing can be run through the housing into the well bore and supported properly from the housing. ln the absence of underreaming, it has been necessary to run smaller casing through the housing and into the well bore than the desired size.
- the casing hanger seat is initially carried in the housing in an outer or expanded condition, thus effecting only a slight restriction, if any, through the housing passage, and thereby allowing a hole opener of an appropriate diameter to be run with the customary well drilling bit. Accordingly, a well bore diameter is drilled that is large enough to permit running of the desired diameter of easing through the housing and into the well bore, the casing being of a larger diameter than was heretofore obtained when underreaming was not performed.
- the hanger seat is contracted or constricted to the required seat diameter to provide a landing shoulder through which the desired diameter of easing can be run and on which the hanger body can be landed for the purpose of supporting the well ca ing in the well bore.
- the casing With the casing so supported, it can be cemented in place, appropriate circulating fluid being bypassed around the constricted hanger seat until the bypass passage is to be closed by devices that, per se, constitute no part of the present invention.
- the hanger seat can be positively locked in its contracted or constricted position. It can be contracted or constricted hydraulically to form a rigid landing shoulder. After the seat has been constricted, the apparatus is so constructed and arranged that the well bore pressure cannot shift the contracted seat from its constricted position projecting into the well head housing.
- the seat For the purpose of reducing the stresses in the seat, it can be made of a composite construction, such as an inner ring and an outer ring, for the purpose of allowing standard materials to be used and to reduce the force required to effect constriction of the inner and outer rings to the desired internal diameter.
- FIG. 4 is a view like FIG. 3, illustrating the seat in the contracted condition of FIG. 2;
- FlG. 5 is a longitudinal section through a portion of a modified form of apparatus, with its seat structure in expanded condition;
- FIG. 6 is a view like FIG. 5, with the seat structure in contracted position.
- the apparatus illustrated in the drawings is particularly adapted for use in the drilling of well bores underlying a body of water.
- Such well bores may either be drilled from a drilling platform resting on the ocean floor or from a drilling barge floating in the water above the well site.
- a housing 10 is provided which is lowered into appropriate supporting engagement with a companion housing (not shown) which will encompass it, the housing having a downwardly tapering shoulder 11 adapted to engage a companion shoulder in the housing surrounding it and being locked in set position by an external split lock ring 12.
- the housing sections 17, 18 define an annular cylinder space 29 by virtue of the fact that the lower section has 'a cylindrical skirt 21 in spaced relation to a cylindrical wall 22 of the upper housing section, the cylindrical skirt terminating in an inwardly directed cylinder head 23 engaging the inner wall 22 of the upper section 18.
- the upper end 24 of the skirt forms a lower guide shoulder against which the lower surface 25 of the split seat ring bears and along which it is laterally slidable.
- An opposed upper guide shoulder 26 is formed on the upper section and along which the upper side 27 of the split seat ring is in slidable engagement.
- the split seat ring 15 is initially in its expanded'position, as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3, being disposed substantially entirely outwardly of the inner wall 19 of the housing.
- Encompassing the split seat ring is a constrictor ring 28 that extends downwardly initially within the upper portion of the annular cylinder space 29, and which has an inwardly directed upper flange 30 received within a circumferential external groove 31 in the split seat ring, the lower portion 32 of the split seat ring 15 projecting into an internal circumferential groove 33 in the constrictor ring.
- the upper side 34 of the external ring groove is inclined in an upward and outward direction and is engaged by a companion inclined surface 35 of the constrictor ring flange 30.
- the constrictor ring 28 is shifted upwardly along the split seat ring.
- Such upward shifting occurs as a result of hydraulically moving an annular piston 40, in the annular cylinder space 29 and located below the constrictor ring 28, in an upward direction, this piston being separate from the constrictor ring, although in engagement with its lower end.
- Fluid under pressure from the drilling platform or drilling barge is conducted through a suitable line 41 into an operating port 42 in the housing, which is in communication with a longitudinal fluid pressure passage 43 that terminates in an inlet port 44 leading into the lower portion of the cylinder space 29.
- the fluid is prevented from leaking upwardly past the piston 40 by an external seal ring 45 on the piston slidably and sealingly engaging the inner wall 22 of the outer housing section, and by a seal ring 46 in the cylinder skirt slidably and sealingly engaging the inner surface of the piston. Leakage of fluid in a downward direction from the cylinder space is prevented by a seal ring 47 in the cylinder head 23 sealingly engaging the inner wall 22 of the upper housing section.
- the bore diameter of the housing is l6% inches and a landing seat is to be provided of an internal diameter of 15 5/16 inches, such a landing seat, if provided initially, would prevent the well bore to be drilled to the desired diameter to accept 13% -inch casings, unless the well bore diameter were enlarged by a subsequent underreaming operation, or the driller would be forced to run casing smaller than the l3%-inch diameter required.
- the initial inside diameter of the split seat ring 15 can, by way of example, be 16% inches in diameter, which allows the proper size bit to be run with a l6 /4-inch hole opener thereabove, which will provide a hole large enough to run the desired l3%-inch casing in the drilled hole.
- a solid landing shoulder 54 which may taper in a downward direction, is provided by the upper portion of the seat ring 15, the lower inner surface 55 of the ring' also being tapered or beveled in an upward direction to permit devices to be moved therethrough without hanging up on the ring.
- Circulating fluid may be pumped down the casing string followed by cement, the circulating fluid passing upwardly around the casing string and through bypass ports 60 the constrictor ring 28, which remains in its upper locking position.
- the split seat ring 15a is made in two parts; that is, an outer split ring 70 and an inner split ring 1, both of which are inherently expandable.
- the outer split ring 70 bears the same relation to the constrictor ring 28 as in the other form of the invention, and the minimum bore through the inner split ring 71 is the same as in the other form of the invention.
- the two rings 70, 71 are interlocked to one another by external teeth 72 on the inner ring meshing with internal teeth 73 of the outer ring, the teeth engaging each other at a slightly upwardly tapering angle so that downward force imposed on the inner ring 71 tends to maintain it locked to the outer ring 70, and upward force on the outer ring tends to maintain it locked to the inner ring.
- Downward force on the inner ring 71 is transmitted to the outer ring 70, and through the latter to the lower guide shoulder 24 at the upper end of the lower housing section 17.
- the composite inner and outer rings 70, 71 initially occupy an expanded or lateral outward position, as illustrated in FIG. 5. Fluid pressure imposed through the port 42 and longitudinal housing passage 43 will move the annular piston 40 and constrictor ring 28 upwardly to expand the composite inner and outer split rings 70, 71 in an inward direction.
- a check valve can be disposed in the inlet port 44, consisting of a valve seat 81 engaged by a ball 82 and urged thereagainst by a helical compression spring 83. Fluid under pressure shifts the ball 82 inwardly against the force of the compression spring 83, the fluid then passing into the cylinder space 29. Should the fluid under pressure attempt to leave the cylinder space, the check valve ball element 82 engages its seat 81 to prevent such reverse flow.
- the stresses in the rings are reduced, to permit standard material to be employed, since the force required to constrict each of the rings is less than the force required to constrict an integral ring, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4.
- hanger apparatus for suspending a casing string in a well bore: a housing having a passage through which the easing string can be run and lowered in the well bore, said housing having axially spaced upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing; a hanger seat in said housing between said surfaces and having upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing a slidably engaging said housing guide surfaces to confine said seat for nonaxial radial movement, said seat initially occupying an outer position substantially completely free from the housing passage; and means for shifting said hanger seat radially along said housing guide surfaces partially inwardly of said passage to provide a support for a hanger connected to the upper portion of the casing string; said hanger seat comprising a split ring structure including an outer ring and an inner ring coupled to said outer ring.
- hanger apparatus as defined in claim 1; wherein said hanger seat comprises an inherently expandable split ring structure.
- said shifting means comprises cylinder and piston means, and means for conducting fluid under pressure into said cylinder and piston means to actuate the same.
- lOlOSO 0003 4. ln hanger apparatus for suspending a casing string in a well bore: a housing having a passage through which the easing string can be run and lowered in the well bore, said housing having axially spaced upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing; a hangar seat in said housing between said surfaces and having upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing and slidably engaging said housing guide surfaces to confine said seat for nonaxial radial movement, said seat initially occupying an outer position substantially completely free from the housing passage; and means for shifting said hanger seat radially along said housing guide surfaces partially inwardly of said passage to provide a support for a hanger connected to the upper portion of the casing string; said shifting means including an actuator having axially spaced cam surfaces thereon axially separated from one another and engaging said seat and shiftable axially of said housing and seat to shift said seat laterally inwardly of said housing passage, one of said cam surfaces being disposed under the other of said cam surfaces.
- hanger apparatus as defined in claim 4; wherein said hanger seat comprises a split ring structure; said cam surfaces engaging said split ring structure and shiftable axially of said housing and split ring structure to shift said split ring structure laterally inwardly of said housing passage.
- said shifting means further comprises a cylinder in said housing, a piston in said cylinder operatively associated with said actua' tor, and means for conducting fluid under pressure to said cylinder to shift said piston and actuator axially of said housing and seat and cause said actuator to shift said seat laterally inwardly of said housing passage.
- hanger seat comprises a split ring structure; said cam surfaces engaging said split ring structure and shiftable axially of said housing and split ring structure to shift said split ring structure laterally inwardly of said housing passage; said actuator and split ring structure having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shifting of said actuator to retain said split ring structure inwardly of said housing passage.
- hanger seat comprises a split ring structure; said cam surfaces engaging said split ring structure, a cylinder in said housing, a piston in said cylinder operatively associated with said actuator, and means for conducting fluid under pressure to said cylinder to shift said piston and actuator axially of said housing and split ring structure and cause said actuator to shift said split ring structure laterally inwardly of said housing passage.
- hanger seat comprises a split ring structure; said cam surfaces engaging said split ring structure, a cylinder in said housing, a piston in said cylinder operatively associated with said actuator, and means for conducting fluid under pressure to said cylinder to shift said piston and actuator axially of said housing and split ring structure and cause said actuator to shift said split ring structure laterally inwardly of said housing passage; said actuator and split ring structure having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shift of said actuator to retain said split ring structure inwardly of said housing passage.
- a housing having a passage through which the easing string can be run and lowered in the well bore, said housing having axially spaced upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing; a hanger seat in said housing between said surfaces and having upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing and slidably engaging said housing guide surfaces to confine said seat for nonaxial radial movement, said seat initially occupying an outer position substantially completely free from the housing passage;
- said housing having an annular cylinder; an annular piston in said cylinder; an annular actuator in said housing operatively associated with said piston and hanger seat; and means for conducting fluid under pressure into said cylinder to shift said piston axially in said cylinder and said actuator axially of said seat to shift said seat radially along said housing guide surfaces partially inwardly of said passage to provide a support for a hanger connected to the upper portion of the casing string;
- said hanger seat comprising an inherently expandable split ring structure; said actuator encompassing said ring structure and having one or more cam surfaces thereon engaging said structure to constrict said split ring structure inwardly of said housing passage upon axial movement of said actuator along said split ring structure, said split ring structure inherently expanding to said outer position prior to axial movement of said actuator to constrict said split ring structure.
- said actuator and split ring structure having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shifting of said actuator to retain said split ring structure inwardly of said housing passage.
- a housing having a passage through which the easing string can be run and lowered in the well bore, said housing having axially spaced upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing; a hanger seat in said housing between said surfaces and having upper and lower guide surfaces normal to to the axis of said housing and slidably engaging said housing guide surfaces to confine said seat for nonaxial radial movement, said seat initially occupying an outer position substantially completely free from the housing passage; and means for shifting said hanger seat radially along said housing guide surfaces partially inwardly of said passage to provide a support for a hanger connected to the upper portion of the casing string; said shifting means including an actuator having axially spaced cam surfaces thereon axially separated from one another and engaging companion axially spaced cam surfaces on said seat axially separated from one another, said actuator being shiftable axially of said housing and seat to cause said actuator cam surfaces to slide along said seat cam surfaces and shift said seat radially in
- said actuator occupying a lower position with said seat in its outer position, said actuator being shiftable upwardly of said housing and seat to cause said actuator cam surfaces to slide upwardly along said seat cam surfaces and shift said seat radially inwardly of said housing passage.
- said actuator and seat having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shifting of said actuator to retain said seat inwardly of said housing p sa c.
- said actuator occupying a lower position with said seat in its outer position, said actuator being shiftable upwardly of said housing and seat to cause said actuator cam surfaces to slide upwardly along said seat cam surfaces and shift said seat radially inwardly of said housing passage; said actuator and seat having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shifting of said actuator to retain said seat inwardly of said housing passage.
- a housing having a passage through which the easing string can be run and lowered in the well bore, said housing having axially spaced upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing; a'hanger seat in said housing between said surfaces and having upper and lower guide surfaces normal to the axis of said housing and slidably engaging said housing guide surfaces to confine said seat for nonaxial radial movement, said seat initially occupying an outer position substantially completely free from the housing passage; said housing having an annular cylinder; an annular piston in said cylinder; an annular actuator in said housing opcratively associated with said piston and hanger seat; and means for conducting fluid under pressure into said cylinder to shift said piston axially in said cylinder and said actuator axially of said seat to shift said seat radially along said housing guide surfaces partially inwardly of said passage to provide a Support for a hanger connected to the upper portion of the casing string; said hanger seat comprising an inherently expandable
- said actuator occupying a lower position with said split ring structure in its outer position substantially free of said housing passage, said actuator being shiftable upwardly of said housing and ring structure to cause said actuator cam surfaces to slide upwardly along said ring structure cam surfaces and constrict said ring structure radially inwardly of said housing passage.
- said actuator and split ring structure having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shifting of said aetuator to retain said split ring structure inwardly of said housing passage.
- said actuator occupying a lower position with said split ring structure in its outer position substantially free of said housing passage, said actuator being shiftable upwardly of said housing a ring structure to cause said actuator cam surfaces to slide upwardly along said ring structure cam surfaces and constrict said ring structure radially inwardly of said housing passage; said actuator and split ring structure having surfaces substantially parallel to the housing axis which coengage upon axial shifting of said actuator to retain said split ring structure inwardly of said housing passage.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US80773069A | 1969-03-17 | 1969-03-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3592489A true US3592489A (en) | 1971-07-13 |
Family
ID=25197068
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US807730A Expired - Lifetime US3592489A (en) | 1969-03-17 | 1969-03-17 | Housings with contractable well casing hanger seats |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3592489A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS496963B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE1963605A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2033698A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1250039A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4373752A (en) * | 1978-10-06 | 1983-02-15 | Samuel Putch | Well casing hanger assembly |
US4460042A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1984-07-17 | Armco Inc. | Dual ring casing hanger |
US4528738A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1985-07-16 | Armco Inc. | Dual ring casing hanger |
US4911244A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-03-27 | Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. | Marine casing suspension apparatus |
US6125939A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-10-03 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Remotely deployable landing shoulder |
US6138751A (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 2000-10-31 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Hanger assembly |
US6176316B1 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 2001-01-23 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Subsea well head assembly |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2086431A (en) * | 1934-11-02 | 1937-07-06 | Arthur J Penick | Tubing head |
US2441131A (en) * | 1946-05-28 | 1948-05-11 | Traube | Closed vessel with self-locking means |
GB730339A (en) * | 1953-04-09 | 1955-05-18 | Vickers Armstrongs Ltd | Improvements in or relating to spigot-and-socket joints |
US2962096A (en) * | 1957-10-22 | 1960-11-29 | Hydril Co | Well head connector |
US3334923A (en) * | 1963-07-09 | 1967-08-08 | Fmc Corp | Pipe handling mechanism |
US3353847A (en) * | 1965-09-02 | 1967-11-21 | Brown Oil Tools | Powered quick coupling device |
US3438653A (en) * | 1966-10-14 | 1969-04-15 | Rockwell Mfg Co | Wellhead |
US3445126A (en) * | 1966-05-19 | 1969-05-20 | Regan Forge & Eng Co | Marine conductor coupling |
-
1969
- 1969-03-17 US US807730A patent/US3592489A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-10-28 GB GB52692/69A patent/GB1250039A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-16 FR FR6943490A patent/FR2033698A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1969-12-19 DE DE19691963605 patent/DE1963605A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-12-24 JP JP44103523A patent/JPS496963B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2086431A (en) * | 1934-11-02 | 1937-07-06 | Arthur J Penick | Tubing head |
US2441131A (en) * | 1946-05-28 | 1948-05-11 | Traube | Closed vessel with self-locking means |
GB730339A (en) * | 1953-04-09 | 1955-05-18 | Vickers Armstrongs Ltd | Improvements in or relating to spigot-and-socket joints |
US2962096A (en) * | 1957-10-22 | 1960-11-29 | Hydril Co | Well head connector |
US3334923A (en) * | 1963-07-09 | 1967-08-08 | Fmc Corp | Pipe handling mechanism |
US3353847A (en) * | 1965-09-02 | 1967-11-21 | Brown Oil Tools | Powered quick coupling device |
US3445126A (en) * | 1966-05-19 | 1969-05-20 | Regan Forge & Eng Co | Marine conductor coupling |
US3438653A (en) * | 1966-10-14 | 1969-04-15 | Rockwell Mfg Co | Wellhead |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4373752A (en) * | 1978-10-06 | 1983-02-15 | Samuel Putch | Well casing hanger assembly |
US4460042A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1984-07-17 | Armco Inc. | Dual ring casing hanger |
US4528738A (en) * | 1981-10-29 | 1985-07-16 | Armco Inc. | Dual ring casing hanger |
US4911244A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1990-03-27 | Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. | Marine casing suspension apparatus |
US6138751A (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 2000-10-31 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Hanger assembly |
US6125939A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-10-03 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Remotely deployable landing shoulder |
US6176316B1 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 2001-01-23 | Cooper Cameron Corporation | Subsea well head assembly |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS496963B1 (en) | 1974-02-18 |
GB1250039A (en) | 1971-10-20 |
DE1963605A1 (en) | 1970-10-01 |
FR2033698A5 (en) | 1970-12-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: VETCO OFFSHORE, INC. 5740 RALSTON ST.VENTURA,CA.93 Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:VETCO INC.;REEL/FRAME:004056/0858 Effective date: 19820922 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: VETCO OFFSHORE INDUSTRIES, INC., 7135 ARDMORE ROAD Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:VETCO OFFSHORE, INC., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004572/0533 Effective date: 19860421 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CITIBANK, N.A., Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VETCO GRAY INC., A DE. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004739/0780 Effective date: 19861124 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: VETCO GRAY INC., Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:GRAY TOOL COMPANY, A TX. CORP. (INTO);VETCO OFFSHORE INDUSTRIES, INC., A CORP. (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:004748/0332 Effective date: 19861217 |