US3586195A - Digging and lifting device - Google Patents

Digging and lifting device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3586195A
US3586195A US786200A US3586195DA US3586195A US 3586195 A US3586195 A US 3586195A US 786200 A US786200 A US 786200A US 3586195D A US3586195D A US 3586195DA US 3586195 A US3586195 A US 3586195A
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Prior art keywords
connecting rod
pivotally connected
arm means
lifting
arm
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US786200A
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English (en)
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Osmano Beltrami
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/308—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly

Definitions

  • Oresky Attorney-McGlew and Toren ABSTRACT A digging and lifting device having a bucket lifted by a pair of arms, each of which is on tum connected to the vehicle body through two connecting rods pivoted at one end and at an intermediate point thereof.
  • the arms are in such a manner parallely controlled by an articulated quadrilateral so to impart to the bucket a substantially vertical path.
  • a pair of articulated parallelograms maintain the bucket parallel to itself while being lifted and a movable ballast provides to limit within an acceptable range the equipment gravity center shiftings during the bucket operation.
  • This invention relates to a device for lifting preferably loose materials, and in particular to a digging and lifting device of the type comprising a grabbing or excavating bucket.
  • the present invention relates to the field of power shovels as fitted on tractors or like tracked, half-tracked, wheeled or like self-propelling means, which comprise a standard bucket adapted to be driven upwardly along a soil escarpment that is being formed, or a grabbing bucket. In either cases, said bucket is lifted to dump the soil or other excavated material onto transport means, which may be e.g. a tipper or like truck.
  • the digging and lifting devices of the type above described generally comprise an arm, or a pair of arms, adapted for supporting the bucket and having their opposite ends pivotally connected with a stationary pivot point, which is usually located at the highest possible level on the vehicle body in order to attain the greatest possible lifting height with the smallest possible arm length.
  • a further drawback inherently caused by said curved path of conventional buckets is represented by the highly erratic positions taken by the center of gravity of digging equipment in the course of lifting operation, which results in undesirableinstability of the equipment and in heavy wear of load-bearing transmission elements.
  • large variations occur both in the required lifting power-which results in the necessity to have a prime mover proportionally overdimensionedand in the bucket lifting speed, which varies according to different positions taken by the axis of the lifting jack or jacks in respect to the fixed pivot point at which the arm is pivotally connected to the vehicle.
  • the above and further drawbacks of the already known digging equipments are obviated by the device according to the invention, which also provides novel and advantageous features for said digging and lifting means.
  • the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the arm or each arm by which the bucket or like lifting means is supported is pivotally linked to at least one pair of connecting rods which are on turn pivotally connected to the vehicle frame in such a manner as to form an articulated quadrilateral therewith, being said articulated quadrilateral arranged in such a manner as to constrain the bucket or like means to follow a preestablished lifting path, different from an arc of circle and in particular to follow the contour of a rational soil escarpment, as well as to dump the lifted material from an advantageous position.
  • each arm being controlled by a pair of connecting rods, parallel to connecting rods of the opposite arm, which are pivotally connected to the arm at the end opposite to that carrying the bucket and at an intermediate point of the same, the connecting rods being in turn pivotally connected to the vehicle body.
  • each pair of connecting rods is pivotally connected with the related arm in such a manner as to bring about, in each position thereof, a compensation of the deviations from a substantially vertical path which would be suffered by the bucket when the supporting arm thereof swings on its pivotally connected end, as stationary maintained; such compensation is obtained by shifting said arm end in an opposite direction by the action of said related pair of connecting rods.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows the conventional means by which the motions of a bucket can be controlled.
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically shows the means according to the invention by which the motions of a bucket are controlled.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention, in a tracked power shovel fitted with a standard bucket.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of power shovel of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 diagrammatically shows a device according to the invention, by which the bucket is kept parallel to itself while being fitted.
  • F 10. 6 shows a second embodiment of a power shovel with a grabbing bucket and a movable ballast adapted to compensate the gravity center shiftings as caused by the bucket travel.
  • FIG. 1 it diagrammatically shows drive means for an arm 10 by which a grabbing bucket 11 is lifted.
  • arm 10 is connected to a pivot point 12, firmly secured to the tracked vehicle body and is operated by a jack 13 which on turn is pivotally connected at 14 to the arm 10 and at 15 to the tracked vehicle body, in such a manner that any point of the bucket 11, e.g. the pivot point 16, is compelled to travel along a path 17, consisting of an arc of circle.
  • a escarpment 18 which is inclined with respect to the vertical plane.
  • pivot point 12 thereof Due to such restrictions, imposed upon the size of arm 10, the pivot point 12 thereof usually needs to be located at an inconveniently high level in order to allow the bucket 11 to be raised to a sufficient height for a convenient dumping, without requiring a too large extension of piston rod of hydraulic jack 13.
  • such arm for lifting the bucket 21 has not its end 22 directly connected to the body of a vehicle, being said end pivotally connected instead to a first connecting rod 23 which is on turn pivotally connected at 24 to the tracked vehicle or the like.
  • a second connecting rod 25 is pivotally connected at 26 to the vehicle body and at 27 to an intermediate point of arm 20, the latter connecting rod being preferably acted upon by a hydraulic jack 28 connected thereto at 29 approximately at the middle of connecting rod 26 and pivotally connected to the vehicle at 30.
  • said driving means for the bucket 21 allow to have the bucket 21 moved along any suitable path, by suitably positioning the pivot points of the connecting rods 23 and 25, and in particular along a path by which due account is taken of the previously specified factors, whereby ensuring the equipment operation under the best conditions.
  • a soil escarpment 31 very close to a vertical plane can be obtained, while at the same time the bucket can be brought into a dump position 21 in which it is suitably spaced from the vehicle body without need of increasing the length of arm 20, but on the contrary with. the possibility of reducing this length due to the action of connecting rod 23.
  • the pivot points 24, 26 can be kept in such a low position on the vehicle that no supporting frame is needed; the arm can be lifted with nearly constant power input and speed; and finally a lifting can be performed without having the equipment gravity center to undergo an unnecessarily large shifting. It is clear that by connecting the connecting jack 28 to the middle of connecting rod, a relatively shortstroke movement is obtained. Such a short-stroke movement permits use of a sturdier lifting arm or jack than is employed with prior art devices.
  • An arrangement of connecting rods 23, 25 in respect of arm 20 similar or substantially similar to that as shown in FIG. 2 is particularly advantageous for the attainment of the above stated purposes.
  • such an arrangement gives the possibility to accomplish a suitable compensation of deviations from a substantially vertical path to which the bucket would be subjected should the pivot point 22 be kept stationary.
  • Such compensation is brought about as a consequence of a shifting of pivot point 22 in an opposite direction, caused by the combined action of connecting rods 23 and 25.
  • the pivot point 22 will tend to move backwards to a position 22", in the course of a first portion of the bucket path, which substantially corresponds to the portion of path which would shift the bucket outwardly should the pivot point 22 be kept stationary.
  • the pivot point 22 is shifted from the position 22" in an opposite direction, until attaining its final position 22', whereby to compensate the inward deviations to which the bucket 21 would be subjected (i.e. from the position 21" to position 21) should the pivot point 22 be kept stationary.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 a description will be given of a first embodiment of the drive mechanism already examined with reference to FIG. 2 as embodied in a power shovel equipped with a standard bucket.
  • Said shovel is fitted on a tractor 40 movable on tracks 41 and 42, and its digging and lifting motions are performed by two arms 43 and 44, to which the bucket is connected at the pivot points 46 and 47.
  • Each arm 43 and 44 which are kept always parallel with each other, is pivotally connected to its opposite end 48 and 49, respectively, to a first connecting rod 50 and 51 respectively, that is on turn pivotally connected to the fixed pivot point 52 and 53 respectively on the tractor frame 54.
  • the path 68 can be modified at the convenience both in the manufacturing stage e.g. by an arrangement of pivot points different from that shown in the figures, and while the equipment is in operation, by the provision of means allowing said pivot points to be shifted steplessly or along a row of preestablished positions.
  • Said means may be in the form of a row of holes provided in the tractor frame wherein the pivot points can be conveniently arranged oras stated in more detail later on-of a combination of guides and control means for said pivot points, or finally-as shown in FIG. 3-by having the pivots 52 and 59 and the pivot points on the other side of the tractor corresponding thereto eccentrically secured to the frame, whereby said pivots can be forcibly moved along a circumference having a suitably selected diameter, as e.g. the circumference 69 and 70.
  • Such means may consist of a pair of hydraulic jacks 71, 72 located parallel to related arm and each acting through a leverage system as shown in FIG. 3, which consists of two levers 72, 73 pivotally connected to each other as well as to the arm 43 and to the bucket 45, the lever 72 being also pivotally connected at 74 to the extensible piston rod 75 of jack 71. It is thus possible to obtain a tilting bucket as shown in the upper section of FIG. 3, as well as, by suitably controlling the jack 71, a compensation of the successive inclinations of arms while being lifted, whereby to keep the bucket 45 always parallel to itself.
  • FIG. 5 The device utilized for keeping the bucket 45 always parallel to itself while being lifted is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 5, being in said diagram utilized the same reference numerals of FIG. 3 with the addition of arms 77 and 77" of angle bar 77, the pin 81 by which the lever 76 is hinged to tractor frame and the pin 82 by which the lever 72 is hinged to arm 43. Moreover, the assembly consisting of rod 80, jack 71 and related rod 75 is diagrammatically shown by a single rod 71-80. Referring now to said FIG.
  • FIG. 6 A second embodiment of this invention is shown in FIG. 6.
  • This embodiment relates to a grabbing bucket 100 fitted on a tractor 101 mounted on wheels 102, 103 and 104, 105, the bucket being operated on either tractor sides (only the tractor side shown in the figure will be considered in the following description) by an arm 106 pivotally connected at 107 with a first connecting rod 108.
  • Said rod 108 is on turn connected at a pivot pint 109 with the vehicle frame, being said arm pivoted at 110 to a second rod 111, that is pivotally connected at 112 with the vehicle frame.
  • a jack 114 Pivotally connected at 113 with said lever 111 is a jack 114 which on turn is pivoted at 115 and with which a compensating jack 116 is associated, this latter jack being pivotally connected at 117 with the vehicle frame and at 118 with the rod 111.
  • Pivotally connected at 119 with the outer end of arm 106 is a bucket 100 operated by the jack 120 which is pivoted at 121 on the gusset 122 welded to arm 106 and pivotally connected at 123 with the bucket gusset 124.
  • the shape of path 125 can be modified by the previously specified means adapted to change the position of pivot points and in particular of pivot points 109 and 112.
  • two elongated slots 127, 128 within which the pivots 109 and 112 can be suitably shifted under the control ofjacks 127 and 128' or the like are provided.
  • Said movable ballast is pivotally connected at 132 with a controlling rod 133 adapted to shift outwardly or inwardly the ballast according to bucket motions, thereby displacing the ballast gravity center and hence the equipment gravity center in such a manner as to substantially equalize the bending moments, as caused by the ballast and by the bucket in respect of a fixed point on the tractor body.
  • Said rod 133 which is guided in its intermediate position by the connecting rod 134 pivoted at 135 and 136 is advantageously controlled by the motions of connecting rod 111, through the lever 137 which has one end secured thereto and the opposite end pivotally connected at 138 to said control rod 133. In such a manner, a displacement of ballast is obtained, which corresponds to the angular motion of lever 111 and thus to bucket liftings and substantially to the outward shiftings thereof.
  • a lifting device preferably for loose materials and in particular a digging and lifting device equipped with a standard or grabbing bucket of the type mounted on self-propelled industrial vehicles or the like and comprising material lifting means, arm means by which said material lifting means is provided with first and second ends and an intermediate portion therebetween, a first connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to the vehicle frame at a first point, said second end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means in said intermediate region, a second connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said second connecting rod being pivotally connected to said vehicle frame at a second point, said second end of said second connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means at said second end of said arm means, said first and second points and the pivot connections be between said arm means and said first and second connecting rods forming vertexes of an articulated quadrilateral, said first connecting rod being moved in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of said arm means, wherein said material lifting means follows a substantially vertical preestablished lifting path
  • a device wherein said lifting jack is connected to said first connecting rod at approximately the middle thereof.
  • a device according to claim 2 wherein said lifting jack is provided with a relatively short-stroke motion.
  • a lifting device preferably for loose materials and in particular a digging and lifting device equipped with a standard of grabbing bucket of the type mounted on self-propelled industrial vehicles or the like and comprising material lifting means, wherein arm means by which said material lifting means is provided with first and second ends and in intermediate portion therebetween, a first connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to the vehicle frame at a first point, said second end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means in said intermediate region, a second connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said second connecting rod being pivotally connected to said vehicle frame at a second point, said second end of said second connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means at said second end of said arm means, said first and second points and the pivot connections between said arm means and said first and second connecting rods forming vertexes of an articulated quadrilateral, said first connecting rod being moved in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of said arm means, wherein said material lifting means follows a substantially vertical preestablished lifting
  • a lifting device preferably for loose materials and in particular a digging and lifting device equipped with a standard or grabbing bucket of the type mounted on self-propelled industrial vehicles or the like and comprising material lifting means, wherein arm means by which said material lifting means is provided with first and second ends and an intermediate portion therebetween, a first connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to the vehicle frame at a first point, said second end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means in said intermediate region, a second connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said connecting rod being pivotally connected to said vehicle frame at a second point, said second end of said second connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means at said second end of said arm means, said first and second points and the pivot connections between said arm means and said first and second connecting rods forming vertexes of an articulated quadrilateral, said first connecting rod being moved in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of said arm means, wherein said material lifting means follows a substantially vertical preestablished lifting path
  • a lifting device preferably for loose materials and in particular a digging and lifting device equipped with a standard or grabbing bucket of the type mounted on self-propelled industrial vehicles or the like and comprising material lifting means, wherein arrn means by which said material lifting means is provided with first and second ends and an intermediate portion therebetween a first connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to the vehicle frame at a first point, said second end of said first connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means in said intermediate region, a second connecting rod having first and second ends, said first end of said connecting rod being pivotally connected to said vehicle frame at a second point, said second end of said second connecting rod being pivotally connected to said arm means at said second end of said arm means, said first and second points and the pivot connections between said arm means and first and second connecting rods forming vertexes of an articulated quadrilateral, said first connecting rod being moved in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of said arm means, wherein said material lifting means follows a substantially vertical preestablished lifting path

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
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US786200A 1968-02-07 1968-12-23 Digging and lifting device Expired - Lifetime US3586195A (en)

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IT1247268 1968-02-07

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US3586195A true US3586195A (en) 1971-06-22

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US (1) US3586195A (xx)
BE (1) BE718218A (xx)
CH (1) CH488066A (xx)
DE (1) DE1784705A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES357084A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1578437A (xx)
GB (1) GB1241202A (xx)
NL (1) NL6814371A (xx)
SE (1) SE345710B (xx)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201511A (en) * 1977-06-06 1980-05-06 Potain Poclain Materiel (P.P.M.) Device for handling containers
EP0474210A1 (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-03-11 Clark Equipment Company Vertical lift loader boom
US5169278A (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-12-08 Clark Equipment Company Vertical lift loader boom
US5609464A (en) * 1995-02-06 1997-03-11 Case Corporation Lift boom assembly for a loader machine
FR2754806A1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1998-04-24 Modules Associes Engin automoteur perfectionne pour la manutention des conteneurs
US6474933B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-11-05 Clark Equipment Company Extended reach vertical lift boom
US6616398B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2003-09-09 Caterpillar S.A.R.L. Lift boom assembly
US20110064552A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-17 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Work Vehicle
US9970176B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2018-05-15 The Toro Company Utility loader with high lift loader arms and unifying hand grip for dual traction control levers
US9975750B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2018-05-22 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Low profile compact tool carriers
USD832551S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Loader
USD832552S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Lift arm for loader
US10626576B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2020-04-21 Clark Equipment Company Loader with telescopic lift arm
US11242667B2 (en) * 2018-08-29 2022-02-08 Daedong Corporation Work vehicle including loader work device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2209015B1 (xx) * 1972-10-04 1975-11-21 Prunier Jean Bernard
FR2512796A1 (fr) * 1981-09-17 1983-03-18 Brimont Marcel Chariot de manutention ou de travaux publics
SE428816B (sv) * 1981-11-24 1983-07-25 Mining Transportation Co Ab Skopanordning vid hjullastare
US4427334A (en) * 1982-02-17 1984-01-24 Raygo, Inc. Load handling apparatus

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4201511A (en) * 1977-06-06 1980-05-06 Potain Poclain Materiel (P.P.M.) Device for handling containers
EP0474210A1 (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-03-11 Clark Equipment Company Vertical lift loader boom
US5169278A (en) * 1990-09-05 1992-12-08 Clark Equipment Company Vertical lift loader boom
AU649263B2 (en) * 1990-09-05 1994-05-19 Clark Equipment Co. Vertical lift loader boom
US5609464A (en) * 1995-02-06 1997-03-11 Case Corporation Lift boom assembly for a loader machine
US6474933B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-11-05 Clark Equipment Company Extended reach vertical lift boom
FR2754806A1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1998-04-24 Modules Associes Engin automoteur perfectionne pour la manutention des conteneurs
US6616398B2 (en) 2000-11-30 2003-09-09 Caterpillar S.A.R.L. Lift boom assembly
US20110064552A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-17 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Work Vehicle
EP2299007A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-23 Yanmar Co. Ltd. Tractor with a loader
US8167529B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2012-05-01 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Work vehicle
US9975750B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2018-05-22 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Low profile compact tool carriers
US9970176B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2018-05-15 The Toro Company Utility loader with high lift loader arms and unifying hand grip for dual traction control levers
US10202266B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2019-02-12 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Low profile compact tool carriers
US10221540B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2019-03-05 The Toro Company Utility loader with high lift loader arms and unifying hand grip for dual traction control levers
US11111645B2 (en) * 2015-02-20 2021-09-07 The Toro Company Utility loader with high lift loader arms and unifying hand grip for dual traction control levers
US11255068B2 (en) * 2015-02-20 2022-02-22 The Toro Company Utility loader with high lift loader arms and unifying hand grip for dual traction control levers
US11465891B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2022-10-11 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Loader apparatus configured for standing operator control
AU2021201588B2 (en) * 2015-02-20 2023-05-25 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Low profile compact tools carriers
US11702815B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2023-07-18 The Toro Company Utility loader with high lift loader arms and unifying hand grip for dual traction control levers
US10626576B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2020-04-21 Clark Equipment Company Loader with telescopic lift arm
USD832551S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Loader
USD832552S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Lift arm for loader
US11242667B2 (en) * 2018-08-29 2022-02-08 Daedong Corporation Work vehicle including loader work device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6814371A (xx) 1969-08-11
BE718218A (xx) 1968-12-31
ES357084A1 (es) 1970-02-16
SE345710B (xx) 1972-06-05
CH488066A (it) 1970-03-31
DE1784705A1 (de) 1972-01-27
GB1241202A (en) 1971-08-04
FR1578437A (xx) 1969-08-14

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