US3565995A - Electronic organ employing automatic coupling of solo and accompaniment notes - Google Patents
Electronic organ employing automatic coupling of solo and accompaniment notes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3565995A US3565995A US768321A US3565995DA US3565995A US 3565995 A US3565995 A US 3565995A US 768321 A US768321 A US 768321A US 3565995D A US3565995D A US 3565995DA US 3565995 A US3565995 A US 3565995A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tone
- keys
- gate
- solo
- color filter
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/18—Selecting circuits
- G10H1/26—Selecting circuits for automatically producing a series of tones
- G10H1/30—Selecting circuits for automatically producing a series of tones to reiteratively sound two tones
Definitions
- the present invention provides a relatively simple system for causing notes played on an accompaniment keyboard to be heard through solo filters at the same,or harmonically related, pitches as the notes played on the accompaniment manual, only when a solo note is played, but'regardless of the pitch of SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
- a trigger pulse, derived from a direct current circuit keyed concurrently with a signal key switch is in a solo keyboard is shaped and used to turn on a PET gate between an accompaniment key switch and a solo tone-color circuit, so that BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the system of FIG. 1.
- sources 1 and 3 of musical signals f, and respectively are shown connected via key switches 5 and 7, respectively, activated by keys (not shown) in difi'erent keyboards, tone-color filters TC, and TC,,, respectively, and stop switches 9 and 11, respectively, to arr-output system composed of an amplifier 13 and loudspeaker 15.
- Source 1 has also a path to the output system via a percussion gate 17, tone-color filter PERC and stop switch 19.
- a source of direct current voltage v.- is connected via a trigger and pulse-shaping circuit 21 and a normally inhibited gate 23 to the input side of tone-color filter TC,.
- nigger and pulse-shaping circuit 21 there is also a path from nigger and pulse-shaping circuit 21 via an auxiliary key switch 25 (ganged to switch 5) to gate 17.
- the output side of switch 7 is also connected to gate 23, as shown.
- a switch 27 is In operation, closure of key switch Sdirects a signal from tone source 1 directly via filter TC,, for coloring thereby, and via switch 9 (if closed) to the amplifier 13 and loudspeaker 15 for conversion to. sound.
- switch 25 is closed and direct current voltage v. uninhibits gate 17. If tab switch 19 is closed, signal will pass from source 1 through gate 17 for coloring by tone-color filter PERC and conversion to sound in the loudspeaker 15.
- switch 7 in anotherkeyboard or in the accompaniment section of a split keyboard
- signal at frequency f will pass for coloring byjTC, and for conversion to sound in loudspeaker 15, if tab switch 11 is closed.
- closure of switch 25 generates a pulse in circuit 21, which is there shaped, and it switch 27 is closed uninhibits gate 23, whereupon signal can also pass from source 3 via gate 23 to tone-color filter TC,, for conversion to sound, if switch 9 is closed.
- FIG lithe basic essential elements of an automatic coupling system wherein a keyed signal in one keyboard will be heard through a filter in another keyboard, only if and when a note is played on the other keyboard.
- Sources 2, 4, 6 and 8 of FIG. 2 represent four of a gamut preferably of frequency-dividing flip-flop tone sources, as known in the art, and they generate tone signals corresponding to notes C B C and 15,, respectively, of the equally-tempered scale.
- Source 8 is connected via key switch 10, operable concurrently with key switches 12 and l4 by a key 16 of a solo keyboard 18, represented by dashed lines.
- Switches 10 and 12 are preferably of the variable-resistance type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,206,701 to Gregory, the latter switch being connected to a source E of tone signal.
- Switches 10 and 12 are respectively connected to a suitable tone-color filters 8'TC and 4'TC, which, in turn are connectable by stop-tab switches 20 and 22, respectively, to a collector 24, thence to a suitable amplifier 26 and loudspeaker system 28.
- the switch 14 may be of a direct-contact type and is shown connected between a percussion gate 30 and a terminal 32 from a negative source (not shown) of direct current via two series resistors 34 and 36.
- the percussion gate 30 may be of a suitable type known in the art, providing a sharp rise and gradual decay of tone signal passing therethrough from the source 8 to a suitable filter PERC in response to application of DC gating voltage.
- the filter PERC may be connected to the amplifier 26 and loudspeaker 28 via a tab switch 38, Branches 40, 42 and 44 indicate that signals from other key switches actuated from keyboard 18 may be connected to the tone-color filters according to usual practice.
- the emitter of T is connected directly to terminal 32, and a resistance 50 is connected from base to emitter of T,.
- the emitter of T is also connected to ground via series resistances 58 and 60, and its collector is connected to ground via series resistances 54, 56. The collector is thus positive with respect to the emitter which is maintained at 100 v. below ground.
- T is normally nonconductive, but on closure of switch 14, current is drawn .in at the gating terminal :of percussive gate 30, and a voltage is developed across resistor 36, which is transferred as a transient pulse to the base of T,, and renders the latter conductive transiently. If switch 52 is closed, however, the capacitor 48 is short circuited and a steady state conductivity for the duration of closure of switch 14 is effected.
- collector load resistances 54, 56 is directly connected to the base of NPN transistor T, the emitter of which is connected back to ground in the junction of resistances 58, 60.
- the collector of T is connected to ground via load resistance 66. T, is therefore normally conductive so long as T, is nonconductive.
- the voltage at the emitter of T is -12.
- the emitter of T is connected via a large resistance 64. to a stationary switch contact 61 of a switch 62.
- the collectorof T is connected via series resistances 68, 70,to a second stationary switch contact 61a.
- the resistances 68, 70 are shuntedby a diode 72 having its anode connected to the collector of T,, and which is therefore nonconductive of transistor current.
- a capacitor 71 Between the movable contact of switch 62 and ground is connected a capacitor 71, and the movable contact is also connected to the gate terminal G of a field efiect transistor (FET) T whose drain terminal D is connected via a coupling capacitor 74 to filter 4'TC.
- FET field efiect transistor
- a shunt resistor 76 is connected between terminal D of FET T and a common return path ground.
- the source terminal S of T has one path via a-resistor 78 to ground and another via coupling capacitor 80 and series resistor 82 to path 84.
- the last-mentioned group of components comprise a gate 73, the operation of which will be discussed hereinafter.
- the path 84 serves to connect tone source 8 via variable-resistance key switch 86 (operable by key'88 of an accompaniment keyboard 90) to an accompaniment tone-color filter 4'TCA.
- Tab switch 92 connects, at will, this filter with amplifi 94, actuated concurrently with switch 86, connects tone source 4 to a second accompaniment filter 8'TCA, with tab switch 96 connecting, at will, thisfilterto amplifier 26 and loudspeaker 28.
- a second key 98 of the keyboard 90 may ac tuate variable-resistance key switches 100 and 102 to connect tone sources 6 and 2, respectively, via collectors 104 and 106, respectively to filters 4'TCA and 8'TCA, respectively.
- the network 118 is composed of resistors and capacitors, as shown, and serves to filter high frequencies from the oscillator output.
- the oscillator 116 comprises a-rnultivibrator of substantially conventional character, diodes 120 and 122 and capacitor 124 sewing not only to assure the starting of oscillations but also to delay them slightly.
- a potentiometer 126 provides control of the reiteration rate of the oscillator.
- tone signals pass from sources 2, 4, 6 and 8 through key switches 102, 100, 94 and. 86, respectively, via collectors 104 and 106 to the output system via either filter 4'TCA or 8TCA or both depending on which of switches 92 and 96 is closed.
- switches 92 and 96 are open, no signals will be heard in the output system.
- a note E (which, of course, would hannonize with C, and E were played on the solo manual by depressing key 16, it would be heard in the output system if tab switch 20 were also closed,
- switch 14 causes direct current to. pass from terminal 32 through resistors 36 and 34, thru raising the potential of junction 128.
- switch 52 is closed (for continuous operation of the trigger and pulse-shaping circuit 46) and switch 62 is in the upper position, the DC level of the base of transistor T, which is normally nonconductive, is raised with respect to the emitter and T, conducts. Conduction in T, causes the base of T which is normally conductive to go negative,'thus cutting T, off.
- capacitor 71 the upper plate of which has been charged negatively, discharges quickly via diode 72 and resistor 66, thus raising the potential of the gate terminal 6 of FET T causing it to conduct signal from the line 84 through resistor 82, capacitor 80, capacitor 74, to 4TC, thence to the output system if tab switch 22 is closed. Thesignal will be heard so long as the key 16 is held.
- '1 turns off, and '1, turns on again at a rate determined by the time constant of the'ca'pacitor 71 and the resistors 70 and 68, as capacitor 71 charges to a negative voltage.
- FET T again becomes nonconductive, turning off the signal from source 8 via key switch 86.
- Gate 112 is similar to that of gate 73 However, the reiteration gate including T being in series with gate 112, a signal
- accompaniment chords cannot only be coupled to a solo manual, automatically playable only when solo notes are played, but the pitch of the chords, as related to the solo notes, may be selected as desired by the operation of tone-color tab switches, such as 20 and 22. 3
- a trigger and pulse-shaping circuit means coupled between said auxiliary key switch and said direct current supply and responsive to closure of said auxiliary key switch for generating a control pulse
- a normally-inhibited gate coupled to said trigger and pulseshaping circuit, and responsive to said control pulse to uninhibit said gate, said gate being also coupled between said second key switch and to said first tone-color filter, whereby actuation of said key in said first keyboard closes said auxiliary key switch creates a pulse in said trigger and pulse-shaping circuit operative to uninhibit said gate so as to cause a signal to flow between said other source and said output system via said second key switch and said first tone-color filter when said key in said second keyboard is actuated.
- a third key switch operable by said key in said first keyboard and coupled between a further one of said sources and said output system via said third tone-color filter
- a fourth key switch operable by said key in said second keyboard and coupled between one of said sources and said output system via said fourth tone-color filter
- I a second normally-inhibited gate coupled to said trigger and pulse-shaping circuit, and responsive to said control pulse to uninhibit said gate, said second gate being coupled between said fourth key switch and said third tone-color filter, whereby actuation of said key in said first keyboard closes said auxiliary key switch,-thereby creating a pulse in said trigger and pulse-shaping circuit operative to uninhibit said second gate and to cause a signal to flow between said one of said sourcesand said output system via said fourth key switch and said third tone-color filter,
- a reiteration oscillator coupled to said reiteration gate for rendering said reiteration gate reiteratively inhibited and uninhibited
- switch means coupled between said reiteration gate and said reiteration oscillator.
- a reiteration gate could be inserted between gate 73 and line 84.
- a series of tone signal sources a series of solo keys; an array of accompaniment keys; a solo tone-color filter; an accompaniment tone-color filter; a loudspeaker system connected in cascade with said tonecolor filters; means responsive to actuation of selected ones of said solo keys for connecting corresponding ones of said tone signal sources to said solo tone-color filter; means responsive to actuation of selected ones of said accompaniment keys for connecting corresponding ones of said tone signal sources to.
- accompaniment tonecolor filters means responsive to actuation of any one or more of said solo keys for connecting tone signal sources corresponding only with the actuated accompaniment keys to said solo tone-color filter, wherein is provided a selective twocondition switch; and means comprising a pulse shaping circuit responsive according to the condition of said selective two-condition switch for connecting tone signal corresponding with accompaniment keys to said solo tone-color filter transiently on actuation of any of said solo keys or for the duration of actuation of said solo keys.
- said last means includes a normally nonconductive transistor and a normally conductive transistor connected in cascade:
- a first transistor having a base, an emitter and a collector
- a gating circuit comprising:
- NPN transistor having a base, an emitter and a collector
- a load capacitor having a first electrode connected to ground and having a second electrode
- timing resistance connected in series between said second electrode and said collector
- a gate having a control terminal, a signal input terminal and a signal output terminal
- a tone generator including a gamut of tone signal sources
- said means for uninhibiting includes means for periodically uninhibiting at a reiteration rate.
- a keyboard instrument having arrays of keys calling forth notes of the musical scale, when said keys are actuated; means responsive to actuation of certain of said keys for providing control voltage during actuation thereof;
- An electronic musical instrument having a gamut of solo keys and a gamut of accompaniment keys:
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Abstract
Description
Claims (21)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US76832168A | 1968-10-17 | 1968-10-17 |
Publications (1)
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US3565995A true US3565995A (en) | 1971-02-23 |
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US768321A Expired - Lifetime US3565995A (en) | 1968-10-17 | 1968-10-17 | Electronic organ employing automatic coupling of solo and accompaniment notes |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3725560A (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-04-03 | Jasper Electronics Mfg Corp | Chord playing organ |
US3844192A (en) * | 1973-05-04 | 1974-10-29 | Warwick Electronics Inc | Chord control system for electronic organ |
US4114497A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1978-09-19 | Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic musical instrument having a coupler effect |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2988945A (en) * | 1958-07-07 | 1961-06-20 | Wurlitzer Co | Electronic musical instrument |
US3040612A (en) * | 1957-12-26 | 1962-06-26 | Kinsman Mfg Company Inc | Electrical musical instrument |
US3109341A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1963-11-05 | Gibbs Mfg & Res Corp | Key switch |
US3223768A (en) * | 1961-08-28 | 1965-12-14 | Baldwin Co D H | Keying systems for electric musical instruments |
US3247310A (en) * | 1962-09-13 | 1966-04-19 | Chicago Musical Instr Co | Musical instrument |
US3283056A (en) * | 1962-02-08 | 1966-11-01 | Chicago Musical Instr Co | Controlled harmonization for musical instruments |
US3461217A (en) * | 1966-06-27 | 1969-08-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Piano keyboard type electronic musical instrument having a bass pedal and single continuous keyboard |
-
1968
- 1968-10-17 US US768321A patent/US3565995A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3040612A (en) * | 1957-12-26 | 1962-06-26 | Kinsman Mfg Company Inc | Electrical musical instrument |
US2988945A (en) * | 1958-07-07 | 1961-06-20 | Wurlitzer Co | Electronic musical instrument |
US3109341A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1963-11-05 | Gibbs Mfg & Res Corp | Key switch |
US3223768A (en) * | 1961-08-28 | 1965-12-14 | Baldwin Co D H | Keying systems for electric musical instruments |
US3283056A (en) * | 1962-02-08 | 1966-11-01 | Chicago Musical Instr Co | Controlled harmonization for musical instruments |
US3247310A (en) * | 1962-09-13 | 1966-04-19 | Chicago Musical Instr Co | Musical instrument |
US3461217A (en) * | 1966-06-27 | 1969-08-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Piano keyboard type electronic musical instrument having a bass pedal and single continuous keyboard |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3725560A (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-04-03 | Jasper Electronics Mfg Corp | Chord playing organ |
US3844192A (en) * | 1973-05-04 | 1974-10-29 | Warwick Electronics Inc | Chord control system for electronic organ |
US4114497A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1978-09-19 | Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic musical instrument having a coupler effect |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SECURITY PACIFIC BUSINESS CREDIT INC., 10089 WILLO Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BPO ACQUISITION CORP. A CORP OF DE;REEL/FRAME:004298/0001 Effective date: 19840615 Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC CREDIT CORPORATION, A NY CORP., C Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BPO ACQUISITION CORP., A DE CORP;REEL/FRAME:004297/0802 Effective date: 19840615 |
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Owner name: BPO ACQUISITION CORP., 180 GILBERT AVE., CINCINNAT Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:D.H. BALDWIN COMPANY AN OH CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004385/0934 Effective date: 19840615 |
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Owner name: BALDWIN PIANO & ORGAN COMPANY Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:BPO ACQUISTION CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004473/0501 Effective date: 19840612 |