US3543846A - Underwater oil or gas facility - Google Patents

Underwater oil or gas facility Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3543846A
US3543846A US776319A US3543846DA US3543846A US 3543846 A US3543846 A US 3543846A US 776319 A US776319 A US 776319A US 3543846D A US3543846D A US 3543846DA US 3543846 A US3543846 A US 3543846A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
section
well
frustoconical
sea
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US776319A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Melvin Wilmer Smith
Andre George Brun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3543846A publication Critical patent/US3543846A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/36—Underwater separating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
    • E21B33/037—Protective housings therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to offshore oil and gas facilities and more particularly to means for drilling and maintaining such a well without the necessity of elaborate structures such as Texas Towers which extend from the sea bottom through to the surface of the water. Not only are such structures costly but are extremely vulnerable to the elements of nature and to shipping. Furthermore, there shallower a certain depth limitation to which such structures can be constructed. In shallower water, however, wells can be completed simply by means of cylindrical jackets which extend from the bottom of the sea to the surface of the water. But in deeper water where depths of up to 340 .feet are concerned, the Texas Tower type of structure is utilized. There still exists, however, the limitation on the depth to which structures can be built.
  • the present invention is directed to an improved underwater oil-gas facility comprising a reinforced concrete structure having a generally frustoconical configuration with a circular opening extending therethrough along the central axis thereof.
  • the frustoconical structure is located on the floor of the sea with its larger dimension in contact with the floor and its conical surface being directed towards the sea surface.
  • a cylindrical shaft is inserted through and attached to the structure such that one end is interior of the central opening while the other end extends into the sea floor providing not only an anchorage for the structure but a guide and support for the well casings, etc., extending into the well.
  • At least one circular recess or groove having its center substantially alined with the central axis of the structure is provided on the outer surface'of the structure substantially parallel to the sea floor which is adapted to act as a docking ring for an underwater vehicle.
  • the frustoconical structure may comprise a single unit or may be comprised of a first or larger base section in combination with one or more smaller nesting sections which are adapted to contain a production facility coupled to the well through the opening provided in the base section.
  • a flexible conduit When used for storage of oil or chemicals, a flexible conduit is coupled to the structure and embodies a springlike spiral wound about the surface of the structure and which is adapted to extend to the sea surface thereby providing a flexible yet self-recoiling member that assumes or at least seeks a rest position around the frustoconical structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of thesubject invention located beneath the surface of the sea and being coupled to a vessel on the surface by means of a flexible conduit in the form of a spiraled coil;
  • FIG. 2 is a central cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the subject invention and disclosing a frustoconical structure including a base section and one type of nesting upper section adapted to be lowered into registration therewith;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the subject invention having a concave outer surface
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention additionally including one type of well production apparatus affixed to the top of a frustoconical base section;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view partially in section of another embodiment of the subject invention additionally including a well maintenance chamber scaled large enough to permit access thereto by a human operator;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged cutaway section of a nesting unit or section located at the apex or top of the base contemplated with the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 including the well maintenance chamber;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary'perspective view partially in section of yet another embodiment of the subject invention similar to that illustrated in'FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a frustoconical structure 10 having its larger circular dimension 12 located on the floor 14 of the sea.
  • the structure 10 comprises a base section and is preferably constructed of concrete and steel thus providing a structure which is characteristically unique in its strength of resistance to external pressure or forces in addition to having long life and resistance in the environment of sea water.
  • the frustoconical base section 10 is adapted to serve a plurality of purposes such as a template for well drilling, an underwater platform, a production facility, a separation facility, a storage facility for liquids greater and lesser than the specific gravity of water, or any of these combinations in connection with a well drilled into the sea floor 14 for obtaining petroleum products such as gas and/or oil.
  • a well a not shown, has been drilled into the floor 14 of the sea through the central axis of the frustoconical structure 10, oil or gas production equipment, not shown, can be housed either totally within the base section 10 or in a mating or nesting structural unit or section'l6 at the top 18 thereof.
  • a pair of circular recesses or grooves. 20 and 22 are concentrically located a predetermined fixed distance apart on the surface of either the section 10 or the section 16. It should also be understood that when desirable, however, one circular groove 20 may be located on the upper section 16 while the lower groove 22 may be located on the lower or base section 10.
  • the purpose of the grooves 20 and 22 is to provide a means by which a predetermined location such as the top 24 of the upper section 16 may be precisely found by an underwater vehicle or device, not shown, by moving up the outside surface and diminishing diameter of the lower section 10 from the bottom 12 to the first or lower groove 22.
  • the recesses 20 and 22 moreover provide a means whereby said vehicle may attach itself thereto for performing work at the lo cation of the upper section 16.
  • the grooves 20 and 22 then act as a pair of docking or mooring rings" for a vehicle approaching and attaching itself to the integrated frustoconical configuration shown in FIG. 1.
  • a hollow, flexible conduit 26 is also shown in FIG. 1 being wound in a spiral around the base section 10. It is adapted to extend to the surface of the sea 28 and be coupled to a surface vessel 30, such as an oil barge or tanker.
  • the spiral configuration of the flexible conduit 26 allows free movement of the surface vessel 30 about the integrated sections 10 and 16 so that gas or oil may be transferred either directly from the well not shown or from storage means contained therein to the surface 28.
  • the conduit 26 when disengaged from the surface vessel 30 will tend to recoil about the conical base section 10.
  • the conduit 26 may completely submerge and completely wrap itself around the base section or when desirable the upper terminus of the conduit 26 may be attached to a buoy, not shown. In the latter case, however, the buoy will have a tendency to aline itself over the top 24 of the underwater structure.
  • FIG. 2 wherein a central cross section of a frustoconical base or lower section 10 is shown having a relatively thick flat circular base portion 13 including a circular central opening 15 located on the floor 14 of the sea.
  • An inclined outerwall portion 17 extends upwardly from the outer edge of the base portion 13 defining an interior angle therebetween of approximately 60 (as shown).
  • A' closed circular inner wall portion 18 extends axially from the central opening 15 to an intersection with the outer wall portion 17 to provide a relatively largediarneter opening or bore 21 through the lower section 10 from its lower surface 19 to its apex 23.
  • the opening 21 is enlarged at the apex 23 and includes an inwardly sloping shoulder surface 30.
  • a relatively large-diameter pipe 32 is inserted through the central opening 15 of the base portion 13 and is either driven,
  • This process may either be carried out by means of guide lines, not shown, or by means of sonar devices which operate in a well-known manner to position and seat the lower surface 42 of the assembly 40 against the shoulder surface 30 of the lower section 10.
  • the outer surface 44 of the assembly 40 has a contour conforming to the frustoconical surface of the lower base section 10 and is an extension of the inclined outer wall portion 17 when lowered into the opening 21.
  • the contents of the assembly 40 are shown schematically comprising inter alia a protrusion tube 46 which is adapted to fit into the well casing 38, a coupling or connecter 48 which attaches to the end of the well casing 38, and a master valve assembly 50 coupled into a Christmas tree assembly 54.
  • Outputs 56 and 58 from the Christmas tree 54 are adapted to couple into the conduits 60 and 62, respectively, when the assembly 40 is nested into the lower base section 10.
  • the outputs 56 and'58 moreover may provide outputs of oil and/or gas which is then fed to a separator such as toroidal separator 64.
  • a valve assembly 65 then connects the separator 64 to a conduit such as the flexible conduit 26 shown in FIG. 1, or to a structure not shown.
  • the output of the well may be fed directly to the surface of the sea through an apparatus similar to the integrated assembly 40 but wherein a conduit not shown, is coupled directly to the surface 28 of the seafrom the Christmas tree and valve assemblies 54 and 50, respectively.
  • the lower section 10 is constructed in such a manner that the interior angle described by the base portion 12 and the sloping outer surface 17 is preferably in the order of 60.
  • the section 10 is not a solid structure but contains a hollow cavity 67 therein so that when desirable the structure can be made buoyant and towed to the site and then sunk prior to having the pipe 32 inserted and cemented thereto for anchoring structure on the sea floor 14.
  • the base portion 12 may be of a greater thickness than the outer side wall 17 and the inner wall 18. This helps to provide the desired vertical stability of the structure.
  • the cavity 67 may then be used for storage of chemicals for injection into well fluid.
  • the sections 10 and 16 of FIGS. 1 and 2 may take the form of a truncated hyperboloid of one sheet such as shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a hyperboloid lower base section 10' with a pair of grooves 20 and 22 located near the top thereof and an upper section 16' having an outer surface corresponding to the outer surface of the structure 10.
  • This configuration is also able to provide omnidirectional access by a submersible, not shown, coming in contact and riding up the outer hyperbolic surface of the structure 10 and is also adapted to prevent dragging anchors and nets from becoming entangled therewith.
  • the inventive concept is not intended to be limited to the configurations shown with respect to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 but is intended to cover at least two additional embodiments.
  • the embodiment shown with respect to FIG. 2 pertains to a frustoconical configuration wherein a well production assembly 40 is lowered into a nesting position with a frustoconical concrete and steel lower section 10.
  • FIG. 4 there is disclosed another embodiment of the invention' which in addition to the frustoconical base section 10 similar to that disclosed with respect to FIG 2 including the concentric vehicle docking grooves 20 and 22 additionally discloses a well production assembly 66 which is adapted to be mounted onlhe top of the conical structure 10.
  • the assembly 66 extends upwardly therefrom in a substantially cylindrical housing whereas the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is adapted to nest down into the interior of the conical section 10.
  • the assembly 66 is adapted to include the necessary control and telemetry devices, valves and chokes comprising the Christ mas tree, and suitable power sources necessary to operate the apparatus independently at the site.
  • the configuration shown in FIG. 4 moreover pertains to an embodiment in which the entire package 66 is periodically moved and replaced. This is accomplished by means of a valve opening and closing mechanism generally shown by reference numeral 68 which is adapted to provide simple coupling and decoupling from the well by means of a rotating ring 70.
  • this coupling is adapted to be performed by a simple rotation of the ring 70 which may be performed by a manipulator, not shown, attached to an underwater vehicle which seeks out and attaches itself to the structure 10 by means of the grooves 20 and 22 just as in the case of the embodiment shown with respect to FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 discloses an oil or gas facility which is adapted to be capable of housing a human operator who may from time to time be required to perform periodic maintenance or some such activity at the wellhead.
  • FIG. 5 there is disclosed a relatively larger frustoconical lower base section 72 such as shown in FIG. 2 upon which a production facility is enclosed in a second or upper section 74 whose external surface generally corresponds to the outer surface of the frustoconical section 72.
  • the section 74 contains an interior work chamber 76 which is adapted to house such apparatus as the assorted valves and chokes generally referred to as a Christmas tree" 78.
  • the work chamber 76 is axially alined with the center of the conical sections 72 and 74 and is of sufficient size to permit movement in and about the Christmas tree" 78 by a human operator. Access to the workchamber 76 is by means of a flanged opening 80 at the top of the upper section 74.
  • a hollow space 79 In the interior of the structure external to work chamber 76 is a hollow space 79 which is adapted to contain such apparatus as a toroidal gas-oil separator 82 and the necessary life support apparatus and associated instrumented energy source packages generally referred to by reference numeral 84.
  • a pair of concentric grooves 20 and i 22 located on the conical structure as illustrated by FIGS. 1 through 4 of the present embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of concentric recessed docking grooves 86 and 88 located along the outer surface of the upper section 74.
  • the upper section 74 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 including the work chamber 76 is shown in greater detail in FIG. 6 wherein the work chamber 76 comprises a generally cylindrical chamber having rounded comers for purposes of withstanding the pressures involved at great depths beneath the sea.
  • a well casing illustrated by reference numeral 90 is fed up through a cylindrical jacket 92 axially alined with the inner wall portion 94 of the base section 72.
  • the interior of the jacket 92 may include several work or storage levels and provides access to the ocean floor, not shown.
  • the well casing 90 is coupled to the Christmas tree 78 which is shown coupled to a separator 82.
  • the toroidal separator 82 may be located exteriorly of the work chamber 76, being coupled to the Christmas tree" 78 by suitable plumbing apparatus 93.
  • a human operator may have access to the work chamber 76 and the associated facility by means of the opening 80 in the upper section 74, being transported thereto by means of a vehicle-carried life support capsule 95.
  • a vehicle may attach itself to the structure 74 by means of the grooves 86 and 88 and locate a manned capsule 95 at the flanged opening 80.
  • the human operator then leaves the capsule 95 and enters the chamber 76 by means of the hatches 96 and 98, it being understood that suitable sea removal and pressure apparatus is included to permit safe transfer from the capsule 95 into the chamber 76.
  • FIG. 7 A further modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS 5 and 6 is illustrated in FIG. 7 wherein a toroidal separator 100 having a relatively larger capacity as opposed to the separator 82 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is located in the hollow interior 101 of the frustoconical section 72.
  • the well production structure or upper section 74 is located on top of the structure 72 in a manner previously disclosed and additionally contains the work chamber 76 and the access opening 80 at the top thereof.
  • An additional difference is the location of one docking groove 86 on the structure 74 while the other docking groove 88 is located on the structure 72.
  • the grooves 86 and 88 still are concentric and are located a fixed distance apart and are adapted to provide an attachment means for a docking submersible approaching at any angle to the configuration shown.
  • cone configuration which when installed on the sea floor can be a template for drilling, an underwater platform, an oil-gas production facility, an oil-gas separation facility, a storage facility for liquids greater or lesser than the specific gravity of water or any or all of the combinations as well as providing strength, protection means for attachment to the sea floor, means for submersible attachment and means for loading or unloading stored liquids while being a relatively simple construction.
  • An underwater facility anchored in the sea floor for offshore oil or gas apparatus comprising in combination:
  • a submerged structure utilized in connection with said apparatus and having a base portion adapted to rest on the t sea floor and including a central opening therethrough for access to said apparatus, inclined outer wall portion means extending upwardly from the outer edge of said base portion and defining an interior acute angle with said base portion, and closed inner wall portion means extending from said central opening to an intersection with said inclined outer wall portion means thereby providing a hollow interior chamber therebetwecn and an axial opening extending entirely through said structure;
  • an elongated member having a central opening extending entirely through itslength for providing anchorage means for said submerged structure, said elongated member extending through said axial opening adjacent said base portion a predetermined distance into said structure and a predetermined distance into the sea floor;
  • bonding means applied between the adjoining outer surface of said elongated member and the outer surface of said inner wall portion for attaching said elongated member to said submerged structure thereby stabilizing and holding said structure to the sea floor.
  • said submerged structure comprises a substantially frustoconical base structure section and said elongated member comprises a substantially cylindrical member having a predetermined length.
  • said frustoconical base section additionally includes at least one circular groove located on and around the outer surface of said inclined outer wall portion substantially perpendicular to the axis of said circular base portion and being located intermediate the ends of said inclined outer wall portion.
  • said frustoconical integrated structure additionally includes a concavity having a substantially flat surface located at the intersection of said inclined outer wall portion and said closed inner wall portion.
  • said integrated structure includes a pair of circular recesses parallelly disposed a fixed distance apart on and around the outer surface of said inclined outer wall portion substantially parallel to said base portion and being located intermediate the ends of said outer wall portion.
  • said frustoconical structure additionally includes storage means located in said hollow interior and adapted to be coupled to a well production assembly.
  • said upper structure section includes an oil or gas production assembly and a work chamber enclosing said productionassembly interior thereof, said work chamber being disposed substantially central axially with respect to said lower and upper structure sections.
  • said work chamber additionally includes hatch means, said hatch means being of sufficient size to permit human-access to the interior of said work chamber and said production assembly located therein.
  • said conduit being wound in a spiral about said inclined outer wall and being adapted to extend upwardly therefrom and having a tension spring characteristic to recoil itself around said inclined outer wall when extended and subsequently released.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US776319A 1968-11-18 1968-11-18 Underwater oil or gas facility Expired - Lifetime US3543846A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US77631968A 1968-11-18 1968-11-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3543846A true US3543846A (en) 1970-12-01

Family

ID=25107056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US776319A Expired - Lifetime US3543846A (en) 1968-11-18 1968-11-18 Underwater oil or gas facility

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3543846A (de)
DE (1) DE1921007A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2023489A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1189968A (de)
NL (1) NL6905852A (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3703207A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-11-21 Deep Oil Technology Inc Subsea bunker construction
FR2157733A1 (de) * 1971-10-29 1973-06-08 Elf Entr Rech Activit
JPS5186001A (de) * 1974-12-17 1976-07-28 Fr De Petorooru Co
US4220421A (en) * 1978-11-27 1980-09-02 Fmc Corporation Subsea wellhead protective enclosure
US4919210A (en) * 1988-09-30 1990-04-24 Schaefer Jr Louis E Subsea wellhead protection system
US5259458A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-11-09 Schaefer Jr Louis E Subsea shelter and system for installation
WO2003078793A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-25 Abb Offshore Systems As Subsea separation apparatus for treating crude oil comprising a separator module with a separator tank
US20050061515A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-24 Cooper Cameron Corporation Subsea well production flow system
US20050061514A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-24 Cooper Cameron Corporation Well drilling and completions system
US20050150827A1 (en) * 2002-04-08 2005-07-14 Cooper Cameron Corporation Separator
EP1880082A1 (de) * 2005-05-02 2008-01-23 Norsk Hydro ASA Rohrtrenner
EP3260654A4 (de) * 2015-02-19 2019-01-23 FMC Technologies Do Brasil LTDA Gas-flüssigkeitstrennung und kompressions-/pumpeinheiten zur montage in produktionsbohrungen und injektionsbohrungen
US10478753B1 (en) 2018-12-20 2019-11-19 CH International Equipment Ltd. Apparatus and method for treatment of hydraulic fracturing fluid during hydraulic fracturing
US11498019B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-11-15 Haven Technology Solutions Llc Apparatus and method for gas-liquid separation of multi-phase fluid

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013004567B4 (de) * 2013-03-10 2015-02-19 Danger Möricke Meerestiefenlabor für Erdgas und Erdöl

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3703207A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-11-21 Deep Oil Technology Inc Subsea bunker construction
FR2157733A1 (de) * 1971-10-29 1973-06-08 Elf Entr Rech Activit
US3875998A (en) * 1971-10-29 1975-04-08 Rech Activities Petrolieres El Installation for separation on the seabed of the effluents from underwater oil wells
JPS5186001A (de) * 1974-12-17 1976-07-28 Fr De Petorooru Co
JPS5624759B2 (de) * 1974-12-17 1981-06-08
US4220421A (en) * 1978-11-27 1980-09-02 Fmc Corporation Subsea wellhead protective enclosure
US4919210A (en) * 1988-09-30 1990-04-24 Schaefer Jr Louis E Subsea wellhead protection system
US5259458A (en) * 1991-09-19 1993-11-09 Schaefer Jr Louis E Subsea shelter and system for installation
WO2003078793A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-25 Abb Offshore Systems As Subsea separation apparatus for treating crude oil comprising a separator module with a separator tank
GB2402687A (en) * 2002-02-28 2004-12-15 Abb Offshore Systems As Subsea separation apparatus for treating crude oil comprising a separator module with a separator tank
US7520989B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2009-04-21 Vetco Gray Scandinavia As Subsea separation apparatus for treating crude oil comprising a separator module with a separator tank
GB2402687B (en) * 2002-02-28 2006-06-07 Abb Offshore Systems As Subsea separation apparatus for treating crude oil comprising a separator module with a separator tank
US7314559B2 (en) 2002-04-08 2008-01-01 Cameron International Corporation Separator
US20050150827A1 (en) * 2002-04-08 2005-07-14 Cooper Cameron Corporation Separator
EP1519002A1 (de) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-30 Cooper Cameron Corporation Ausbruch- und Abscheiderkombination
US7134498B2 (en) * 2003-09-24 2006-11-14 Cameron International Corporation Well drilling and completions system
US20050061514A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-24 Cooper Cameron Corporation Well drilling and completions system
US7363982B2 (en) * 2003-09-24 2008-04-29 Cameron International Corporation Subsea well production flow system
US20050061515A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-24 Cooper Cameron Corporation Subsea well production flow system
EP2281999A3 (de) * 2003-09-24 2011-04-13 Cameron International Corporation Ausbruch- und Abscheiderkombination
EP3184730A3 (de) * 2003-09-24 2017-09-27 Cameron International Corporation Ausbruch- und abscheiderkombination
EP1880082A1 (de) * 2005-05-02 2008-01-23 Norsk Hydro ASA Rohrtrenner
US20090145832A1 (en) * 2005-05-02 2009-06-11 Per Eivind Gramme Pipe separator
EP3260654A4 (de) * 2015-02-19 2019-01-23 FMC Technologies Do Brasil LTDA Gas-flüssigkeitstrennung und kompressions-/pumpeinheiten zur montage in produktionsbohrungen und injektionsbohrungen
US10478753B1 (en) 2018-12-20 2019-11-19 CH International Equipment Ltd. Apparatus and method for treatment of hydraulic fracturing fluid during hydraulic fracturing
US11498019B2 (en) 2018-12-20 2022-11-15 Haven Technology Solutions Llc Apparatus and method for gas-liquid separation of multi-phase fluid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2023489A1 (de) 1970-08-21
GB1189968A (en) 1970-04-29
NL6905852A (de) 1970-05-20
DE1921007A1 (de) 1970-07-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3543846A (en) Underwater oil or gas facility
US3472032A (en) Production and storage system for offshore oil wells
US3782458A (en) Upright, swivelable buoyed conduit for offshore system
US3572041A (en) Spar-type floating production facility
RU2226164C2 (ru) Поворотное устройство
US3461957A (en) Underwater wellhead installation
US4220421A (en) Subsea wellhead protective enclosure
US3525388A (en) Subsea drilling apparatus
CN1252373C (zh) 油井维修***及油井维修方法
US3021909A (en) Means for offshore drilling
US3638720A (en) Method and apparatus for producing oil from underwater wells
US4211281A (en) Articulated plural well deep water production system
US6386798B2 (en) Universal catenary riser support
CA1256792A (en) Multi-well hydrocarbon development system
US3589133A (en) Method of and means for mounting equipment at a subsea location
US3307624A (en) Load-supporting structure, particularly for marine wells
US3401746A (en) Subsea production satellite system
US3378067A (en) Underwater wellhead
US3487486A (en) Remotely controlled underwater buoy
US3330338A (en) Anchor and method of installing
JPS5857571B2 (ja) 構造体を海底に固定する継手
US3155175A (en) Wellhead cementing assembly with by-pass
US3221506A (en) Support structures
EP2670946B1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung für unterwasserrohöl- und/oder gas-umschliessung und -bergung
US3450201A (en) Extensible caisson for underwater well