US3465811A - Plants for the continuous casting of steel - Google Patents
Plants for the continuous casting of steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3465811A US3465811A US553121A US3465811DA US3465811A US 3465811 A US3465811 A US 3465811A US 553121 A US553121 A US 553121A US 3465811D A US3465811D A US 3465811DA US 3465811 A US3465811 A US 3465811A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- ladle
- vessel
- pipe
- ingot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/187—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by using X-rays or nuclear radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/183—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring molten metal weight
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
- B22D39/04—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by weight
Definitions
- This invention is applicable to continuous steel casting plants comprising a group of two vessels, namely a steelwork ladle adapted to be teemed through a refractory pipe or duct for feeding an intermediate vessel adapted to be discharged through at least one refractory nozzle or hole formed in the bottom of the vessel and having a refractory, substantially vertical pipe extension for feeding at least one tubular cooled ingot mould.
- a controlled device for starting and stopping the casting is associated with the ladle and vessel, the control device of the intermediate vessel comprising a plug or like stop- Patented Sept. 9, 1969 per rod adapted to engage the inlet orifice of the discharge nozzle or hole.
- the length of said pip-es is sufficient to enable their free end to extend through the slag layer overlying the liquid steel, in which their outlet orifice is immersed.
- sintered porous vitreous silica will be used for making these pipes.
- particularly satisfactory results can be ob tained by meeting various requirements such as the existence of a reducing atmosphere in the intermediate vessel, the protection of the metal surface in the ingot mould by means of a thin layer of synthetic slag, and the covering of the slag layers by means of a pulverulent refractory substance having heat-insulating properties, such as graphite.
- FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a plant according to this invention.
- FIGURES 2 to 5 show in section the manners in which the pipes according to this invention are secured to the bottom of a vessel
- FIGURE 6 illustrates diagrammatically and in sectional view a modified form of embodiment of a plant according to this invention.
- FIGURE 1 shows only the essential elements of a plant according to the invention. Therefore, the handling apparatus or means for positioning these elements, the supports therefor, the oxy-acetylenic ingot cutting follower devices, the members and devices constituting the process line from the setting ingots to the final discharge of the steel cut sections, and most of the control, supervision and regulation apparatus, inter alia, are not shown in this figure.
- a steelwork ladle 1 containing the liquid steel is equipped with a plug and a movable stopper-rod 2 adapted to obturate the inlet orifice of a nozzle 3 provided at the bottom of the ladle.
- the device for starting and stopping the teeming operation is provided with manual, servo-assisted manual, or automatic control means.
- This nozzle 3 has an extension in the form of a refractory pipe 5 extending through an orifice40 formed in the vault 6 of an intermediate vessel 7 underlying the ladle 1.
- the length of the refractory pipe 5 is such that its lower end extends through the slag layer 8 covering the liquid steel 9 and its outlet orifice 10 is immersed in the liquid metal.
- the intermediate vessel 7 comprises a number of outlet nozzles corresponding to the number of ingot moulds to be fed from this vessel.
- the vessel 7 comprises only one discharge nozzle 11 adapted to be closed by a member such as a stopper-rod or plug 22 having control means 23, also of the manual, servoassisted manual, or automatic control type.
- a pipe 12 leads into the cover or vault 6 to permit the introduction, into the space left between the slag 8 and the cover or vault 6, of a non-oxidizing and preferably reducing gas such as, inter alia, propane, coke-oven gas, etc.
- a non-oxidizing and preferably reducing gas such as, inter alia, propane, coke-oven gas, etc.
- the nozzle 11 of vessel 7 has a depending tubular refractory extension pipe 13 of which the lower end projects to a certain extent into a vertical tubular ingot mould 14 of conventional type, for example having a copper double-wall with cooling water circulation means.
- the pipe 13 has a length sufiicient to cause its outlet orifice 15, in the operative position, to be immersed in the liquid steel 16 covered by a slag 17,
- the steel level being maintained at a substantially constant value by exerting on the ingot position a gravity-responsive action transmitted through driving cylinders or rollers 18.
- the pipes 5 and 13 partially immersed in the steel baths must have a high resistance to heat gradients.
- they are made from materials well known for this specific property, such as sintered porous vitreous silica.
- sintered porous vitreous silica The discovery of the possibility of utilizing this material is inasmuch surprising and novel as this product is considerably less refractory than many products such as zircon currently used for making nozzles and plugs for continuous casting processes. This is also inasmuch surprising as high-alumina refractory products, considerably less reactive with iron oxide and steelwork slags, are frequently resorted to.
- Experience teaches that by using strongly acid synthetic slag ingot moulds the outer surface of the pipe according to this invention is not attacked, whereas on the other hand the inner wall is also not attacked. Only a fine, clear, vitreous, nonoxidized film is formed.
- the pipes may be obtained by preparing vitreous silica, grinding same to a fine pulverulent state, forming a suspension thereof in pure water with an emulsifier to obtain a kind of slip subsequently poured into a porous plaster mould in which the powder is regularly deposited to form a firm crust on the mould walls, then discharging the excess slip, stripping the plaster mould by opening same, drying the form thus obtained and finally sintering the mass according to any process well known to ceramists.
- FIGURES 2 to 5 of the drawings illustrate a few examples of pipe fastening procedures.
- the nozzle and the pipe may form an integral unit, respectively 19 and 20 (FIGURES 2 and 3) or two separate members (FIGURES 4 and 5) interconnected by screw-threads 21 (FIGURE 4) or a flange 22 (FIG- URE 5), or a bayonet fitting.
- the two members may be either abutting (FIGURE 4) or separated by elements either of the ladle or of the vessel (FIGURE 5).
- the nozzle diameter may be the same as the pipe diameter (FIG- URE 2); in this case the pipe is filled completely by the jet of liquid metal which contacts and moistens the entire inner wall.
- the pipe may also have a greater diameter than the nozzle (FIGURES 3, 4 and 5) so that the vertical steel jet be separated from the pipe wall by a confined atmosphere from which the oxygen is quickly removed.
- the depending and immersed pipes are cylindrical with a circular cross-section, in certain specific cases they may have a variable thickness or a different cross-sectional configuration.
- a square cross-sectional shape in the casting of small square sections such as billets having a side length of, say, 90 to 120 mm., it may be advantageous to use a square cross-sectional shape.
- a device may be provided for warning them when upon completion of the casting the steel has drained off from the intermediate vessel, so that the operators may plug the casting nozzles with the stopper-rods and thus prevent the slag from flowing from this intermediate vessel into the ingot moulds.
- the vessel 7 is equipped with a measuring device comprising one or a plurality of sensors so adjusted as to detect any reduction in the level of the liquid steel bath below or in close proximity to a value at which the slag might be entrained into the pipe or pipes.
- sensors are adapted to control through a relay or amplifying means a tell-tale visual or sound signal to Warn the operators that the casting is completed.
- the measuring device may comprise an emitter of gamma rays directed vertically through the liquid metal towards the aforesaid sensor.
- the rays are absorbed as a function of the thickness of the metal layer through which they passed.
- the sensors may also consist of spring-balances 21 (FIGURE 1) consisting of resilient metal parts on which distortion gauges of the electrical resistance type are cemented, these spring-bances being disposed under the vessel 7.
- the continuous casting plant according to this invention may also be equipped with automatic regulating means.
- the steel bath in the vessel 7 may be kept to a constant level by utilizing the sensors of this vessel for controlling the maneuvering members 4 of ladle 1.
- This control acttion may be obtained for example by using a relay or amplifying means 24 and an electromagnet actuator 25.
- water sprinkling sprays are disposed in the known manner at the outlet end of the ingot mould 14, the water spray serving the purpose of accelerating the cooling of the ingot 26 during its solidification.
- FIGURE 6 With this invention it is also possible use a steelwork rocking ladle, as shown in FIGURE 6.
- a pipe 27 of ladle 28 is bent, its inlet orifice 29 being located near the ladle bottom and its outlet end extending in such a manner through a slot 30 formed in the cover 31 of vessel 7 that its outlet orifice 32 is completely immersed in the liquid steel bath therein.
- the ladle is carried by a handling apparatus so disposed that it can tip the ladle about its horizontal axis 34 located substantially in the plane of the outlet orifice 32.
- the inlet orifice 29 must be positioned as close as possible to the level of this axis 34 yet near the bottom of the ladle 28.
- This ladle further comprises a barrier-forming partition 35 for preventing the slag and the liquid steel from overflowing when the ladle is inclined.
- this pipe 27 acts somewhat like a teapot spout, the steel flowing into the vessel and, as in the first form of embodiment, the steel contacts only the vitreous silica of the pipes 13 and 27.
- This invention is also concerned with the manner in which the plant is operated, in connection more particularly not only with the protection layers convering the liquid steel surfaces but also with the length of the ingotmoulds and the level at which the application of sprinkling water begins, the choice of these layers, length and level being subordinate to the actual design of the plant according to this invention.
- the steel teeming from the vessel 7 into the ingot mould 14 according to this invention will not pass through this slag which, therefore, remains perfectly still and prevented from being emulsified or entrained by the steel mass.
- the latter will advantageously be covered with a refractory heat-insulating powder 38 such as graphite, whereby the slag cooling may be reduced accordingly.
- liquid steel in vessel 7 and ladle 1 or 28 is also covered with a protective slag 39, 8 and 41, respectively.
- the method of this invention constitutes a considerable improvement in the continuous casting technique.
- the improvement relates essentially to the regular operation, the quality of the products and the use of the continuous casting technique in applications which were considered as impracticable up to now.
- the total loss of materials may be taken as being inferior to 1%, as contrasted with 8% in the conventional processes, for the whole of the surface cleaning and the scraps resulting from holdups and the resumption of a normal teeming operation.
- the aluminium content was kept within very narrow limits; in fact, the oxidation of the aluminium content modified the flow capacity of steel.
- the immersed pipe of this invention it is possible to increase the aluminium content of steel without altering either the fluidity, or the flowing capacity of steel, while eliminating any risks of clogging the nozzle.
- the steels obtained by applying the method and means of this invention have a poor inclusion rate and their stress limit in the transverse direction is improved. It is even possible to continuously cast extra-mild aluminiumcalrned steel having less than 15% C, for deep-stamping metal sheets.
- Another advantageous feature of the method as taught by practical experience lies in the complete removal of the risk of perforation or break-through due to the better formation of the solidified ingot skin as the ingot emerges from the ingot mould.
- a ladle having a nozzle of refractory material depending therefrom and plunging through a protective slag layer into said liquid steel contained in an intermediate vessel having a reducing atmosphere therein and adapted to be fed through said refractory nozzle from said ladle, at least one refractory nozzle disposed in the bottom of the vessel and formed with substantially vertical refractory pipe extensions for feeding liquid steel to said molds, the free surface of the liquid steel in said ingot mold being protected by a fine layer of synthetic slag covered with a pulverulent refractory substance having heat insulating properties, a control device for starting and stopping the teeming from said ladl and said vessel, the control device of said vessel comprising a stopper rod adapted to engage the in
- said ladle nozzle is disposed in the bottom of said ladle and is substantially vertical, straight and aligned with a substantially vertical refractory pipe the lower end of which plunges through said protective slag layer into said liquid steel contained in said vessel, the control device of said ladle comprising a stopper rod adapted to engage the nozzle inlet orifice of said ladle.
- a plant according to claim 2, wherein said refractory pipe is made of porous sintered vitreous silica.
- said ladle is a tilting ladle having fixed to it a siphon-like bent refractory pipe made of porous sintered vitreous silica and adapted to pour the liquid steel from said ladle to said vessel, both ends of said pipe being immersed in liquid metal through the protective slag layer, the one end in said ladle and the other end in said vessel, the
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR38400A FR1464005A (fr) | 1965-11-15 | 1965-11-15 | Installation pour la coulée continue de l'acier |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3465811A true US3465811A (en) | 1969-09-09 |
Family
ID=8592495
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US553121A Expired - Lifetime US3465811A (en) | 1965-11-15 | 1966-05-26 | Plants for the continuous casting of steel |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3465811A (de) |
AT (1) | AT292217B (de) |
BE (1) | BE688600A (de) |
CS (1) | CS164802B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE1508959B1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES333266A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR1464005A (de) |
GB (1) | GB1166817A (de) |
LU (1) | LU52324A1 (de) |
NL (1) | NL155205B (de) |
SE (1) | SE328097B (de) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3630267A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1971-12-28 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of controlling the temperature of molten ferrous metal |
US3648761A (en) * | 1969-07-29 | 1972-03-14 | Mannesmann Ag | Apparatus for distributing molten steel in a mold for a continuous casting |
US3735906A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1973-05-29 | Juten M A Washington | Replaceable molten metal nozzle structure |
US3738419A (en) * | 1971-08-26 | 1973-06-12 | Phelps Dodge Copper Prod | Molten metal level control for continuous casting |
US3766961A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1973-10-23 | Roblin Industries | Apparatus for continuously casting steel |
US3776296A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1973-12-04 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Method for continuously casting a hollow billet |
US3822735A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1974-07-09 | Nat Steel Corp | Process for casting molten silicon-aluminum killed steel continuously |
US3840062A (en) * | 1968-07-18 | 1974-10-08 | M Kenney | Continuous steel casting method |
US3845809A (en) * | 1965-11-15 | 1974-11-05 | Est Aciers Fins | Means for the continuous casting of steel |
US3886992A (en) * | 1971-05-28 | 1975-06-03 | Rheinstahl Huettenwerke Ag | Method of treating metal melts with a purging gas during the process of continuous casting |
US3908744A (en) * | 1972-08-10 | 1975-09-30 | Voest Ag | Method of continuously casting wide slabs, in particular slabs wider than 1000 mm |
US3935895A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-02-03 | Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft | Continuous steel casting method |
US3970444A (en) * | 1972-09-27 | 1976-07-20 | Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximiliansnutte Mbh | Method for pouring steel during continuous casting |
US4290589A (en) * | 1979-03-17 | 1981-09-22 | Didier-Werke Ag. | Teeming pipe for use at the outlet of a melt container |
US4478392A (en) * | 1980-07-05 | 1984-10-23 | Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. | Method for preventing the inclusion of slag into the molten steel taped from a converter |
US5333764A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1994-08-02 | Csi Industrial Systems, Corp. | Ladle stopper rod control arrangement |
US5645121A (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1997-07-08 | National Steel Corporation | Method of continuous casting using sealed tundish and improved tundish seal |
US5827439A (en) * | 1995-12-27 | 1998-10-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Supplying method for molten alloy for producing amorphous alloy thin strip |
CN103273019A (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 沈阳理工大学 | 与液态金属泵配用的不冻结的管路及浇注阀 |
CN104624996A (zh) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-20 | 澳洲澳秀科技有限公司 | 连铸机钢水分配装置及其钢水液面控制方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3517726A (en) * | 1969-08-04 | 1970-06-30 | Inland Steel Co | Method of introducing molten metal into a continuous casting mold |
FR2333599A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-02 | 1977-07-01 | Daussan Henri | Dispositif a element tubulaire pour la coulee des metaux fondus |
CN109865824A (zh) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-11 | 重庆英格力铸造科技有限公司 | 一种高效环保铸造装置 |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2825104A (en) * | 1954-03-16 | 1958-03-04 | Askania Regulator Co | Method and apparatus for controlling gravity liquid flow, and for continuous metal billet casting |
FR1230089A (fr) * | 1958-06-06 | 1960-09-13 | Beteiligungs Und Patent Verwal | Dispositif et procédé de coulée continue verticale des métaux |
US2973278A (en) * | 1958-05-15 | 1961-02-28 | Gerhard E Kadisch | Manufacture of sintered vitreous silica |
US3066364A (en) * | 1958-03-26 | 1962-12-04 | American Smelting Refining | Pouring technique for continuous casting |
US3125440A (en) * | 1960-12-27 | 1964-03-17 | Tlbr b | |
FR1395648A (fr) * | 1964-02-07 | 1965-04-16 | Est Aciers Fins | Installation pour la coulée continue de l'acier calmé |
US3201837A (en) * | 1962-04-06 | 1965-08-24 | Griffin Wheel Co | Method and apparatus for casting metal articles |
US3245126A (en) * | 1963-05-13 | 1966-04-12 | American Smelting Refining | Introducing hydrogen gas to the meniscus for continuously casting steel |
US3287773A (en) * | 1963-12-03 | 1966-11-29 | Amsted Ind Inc | Method of level control for continuous casting |
US3301635A (en) * | 1965-07-01 | 1967-01-31 | Du Pont | Molded amorphous silica bodies and molding powders for manufacture of same |
US3315323A (en) * | 1962-10-04 | 1967-04-25 | Mannesmann Ag | Method of continuous casting |
US3318363A (en) * | 1965-03-18 | 1967-05-09 | Oglebay Norton Co | Continuous casting method with degassed glass-like blanket |
US3349838A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1967-10-31 | American Smelting Refining | Float control valve for continuous casting |
US3354940A (en) * | 1965-04-16 | 1967-11-28 | Harbison Walker Refractories | Continuous casting apparatus with improved nozzle composition |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA543639A (en) * | 1957-07-16 | L. Davies Dan | Bitumen-impregnated refractory nozzle for tapping a metallurgical ladle | |
DE675328C (de) * | 1937-10-23 | 1939-05-05 | Heraeus Vacuumschmelze Akt Ges | Kernloser, um feststehende Achsstuempfe kippbarer Induktionsofen |
DE903024C (de) * | 1948-11-23 | 1954-02-01 | E H Siegfried Junghans Dr Ing | Verfahren und Anlage zum kontinuierlichen Giessen von hochschmelzenden Stoffen, wie Stahl |
AT204711B (de) * | 1957-04-12 | 1959-08-10 | Geraetebau Anstalt | Ofen zum Schmelzen und Gießen unter Vakuum oder Schutzgasatmosphäre |
US3153822A (en) * | 1958-10-07 | 1964-10-27 | John N Miller | Method and apparatus for casting molten metal |
-
1965
- 1965-11-15 FR FR38400A patent/FR1464005A/fr not_active Expired
-
1966
- 1966-05-26 US US553121A patent/US3465811A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-10-20 BE BE688600D patent/BE688600A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-10-26 GB GB47964/66A patent/GB1166817A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-11-09 LU LU52324D patent/LU52324A1/xx unknown
- 1966-11-10 AT AT1041766A patent/AT292217B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-11-10 DE DE1508959A patent/DE1508959B1/de not_active Ceased
- 1966-11-11 ES ES0333266A patent/ES333266A1/es not_active Expired
- 1966-11-14 SE SE15530/66A patent/SE328097B/xx unknown
- 1966-11-15 CS CS7260A patent/CS164802B2/cs unknown
- 1966-11-15 NL NL666616057A patent/NL155205B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2825104A (en) * | 1954-03-16 | 1958-03-04 | Askania Regulator Co | Method and apparatus for controlling gravity liquid flow, and for continuous metal billet casting |
US3066364A (en) * | 1958-03-26 | 1962-12-04 | American Smelting Refining | Pouring technique for continuous casting |
US2973278A (en) * | 1958-05-15 | 1961-02-28 | Gerhard E Kadisch | Manufacture of sintered vitreous silica |
FR1230089A (fr) * | 1958-06-06 | 1960-09-13 | Beteiligungs Und Patent Verwal | Dispositif et procédé de coulée continue verticale des métaux |
US3125440A (en) * | 1960-12-27 | 1964-03-17 | Tlbr b | |
US3201837A (en) * | 1962-04-06 | 1965-08-24 | Griffin Wheel Co | Method and apparatus for casting metal articles |
US3315323A (en) * | 1962-10-04 | 1967-04-25 | Mannesmann Ag | Method of continuous casting |
US3245126A (en) * | 1963-05-13 | 1966-04-12 | American Smelting Refining | Introducing hydrogen gas to the meniscus for continuously casting steel |
US3287773A (en) * | 1963-12-03 | 1966-11-29 | Amsted Ind Inc | Method of level control for continuous casting |
FR1395648A (fr) * | 1964-02-07 | 1965-04-16 | Est Aciers Fins | Installation pour la coulée continue de l'acier calmé |
US3318363A (en) * | 1965-03-18 | 1967-05-09 | Oglebay Norton Co | Continuous casting method with degassed glass-like blanket |
US3354940A (en) * | 1965-04-16 | 1967-11-28 | Harbison Walker Refractories | Continuous casting apparatus with improved nozzle composition |
US3349838A (en) * | 1965-06-04 | 1967-10-31 | American Smelting Refining | Float control valve for continuous casting |
US3301635A (en) * | 1965-07-01 | 1967-01-31 | Du Pont | Molded amorphous silica bodies and molding powders for manufacture of same |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3845809A (en) * | 1965-11-15 | 1974-11-05 | Est Aciers Fins | Means for the continuous casting of steel |
US3840062A (en) * | 1968-07-18 | 1974-10-08 | M Kenney | Continuous steel casting method |
US3822735A (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1974-07-09 | Nat Steel Corp | Process for casting molten silicon-aluminum killed steel continuously |
US3648761A (en) * | 1969-07-29 | 1972-03-14 | Mannesmann Ag | Apparatus for distributing molten steel in a mold for a continuous casting |
US3766961A (en) * | 1969-09-04 | 1973-10-23 | Roblin Industries | Apparatus for continuously casting steel |
US3630267A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1971-12-28 | Bethlehem Steel Corp | Method of controlling the temperature of molten ferrous metal |
US3735906A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1973-05-29 | Juten M A Washington | Replaceable molten metal nozzle structure |
US3776296A (en) * | 1971-04-19 | 1973-12-04 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Method for continuously casting a hollow billet |
US3886992A (en) * | 1971-05-28 | 1975-06-03 | Rheinstahl Huettenwerke Ag | Method of treating metal melts with a purging gas during the process of continuous casting |
US3738419A (en) * | 1971-08-26 | 1973-06-12 | Phelps Dodge Copper Prod | Molten metal level control for continuous casting |
US3908744A (en) * | 1972-08-10 | 1975-09-30 | Voest Ag | Method of continuously casting wide slabs, in particular slabs wider than 1000 mm |
US3970444A (en) * | 1972-09-27 | 1976-07-20 | Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximiliansnutte Mbh | Method for pouring steel during continuous casting |
US3935895A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-02-03 | Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft | Continuous steel casting method |
US4290589A (en) * | 1979-03-17 | 1981-09-22 | Didier-Werke Ag. | Teeming pipe for use at the outlet of a melt container |
US4478392A (en) * | 1980-07-05 | 1984-10-23 | Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. | Method for preventing the inclusion of slag into the molten steel taped from a converter |
US5333764A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1994-08-02 | Csi Industrial Systems, Corp. | Ladle stopper rod control arrangement |
US5827439A (en) * | 1995-12-27 | 1998-10-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Supplying method for molten alloy for producing amorphous alloy thin strip |
US5965052A (en) * | 1995-12-27 | 1999-10-12 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Supplying method for molten alloy for producing amorphous alloy thin strip |
US5645121A (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1997-07-08 | National Steel Corporation | Method of continuous casting using sealed tundish and improved tundish seal |
CN103273019A (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 沈阳理工大学 | 与液态金属泵配用的不冻结的管路及浇注阀 |
CN104624996A (zh) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-20 | 澳洲澳秀科技有限公司 | 连铸机钢水分配装置及其钢水液面控制方法 |
CN104624996B (zh) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-08-11 | 澳洲澳秀科技有限公司 | 连铸机钢水分配装置及其钢水液面控制方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE688600A (de) | 1967-03-31 |
DE1508959B1 (de) | 1974-06-20 |
NL155205B (nl) | 1977-12-15 |
SE328097B (de) | 1970-09-07 |
ES333266A1 (es) | 1967-08-01 |
LU52324A1 (de) | 1967-01-09 |
GB1166817A (en) | 1969-10-08 |
NL6616057A (de) | 1967-05-16 |
AT292217B (de) | 1971-08-25 |
FR1464005A (fr) | 1966-07-22 |
CS164802B2 (de) | 1975-11-28 |
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