US3457984A - Process and apparatus for the continuous casting of steel - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the continuous casting of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3457984A
US3457984A US577695A US3457984DA US3457984A US 3457984 A US3457984 A US 3457984A US 577695 A US577695 A US 577695A US 3457984D A US3457984D A US 3457984DA US 3457984 A US3457984 A US 3457984A
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Prior art keywords
steel
forming
strips
continuous
strip
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Expired - Lifetime
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US577695A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroshi Yoshida
Hideo Okabe
Kenji Sasaki
Hiroshi Nonaka
Kichizaemon Nakagawa
Kiyoyuki Igarashi
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JFE Steel Corp
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Kawasaki Steel Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths

Definitions

  • a method and apparatus for continuous casting comprising: the combination of conveying a plurality of steel strips of indefinite length over deflector rolls in a downward vertical direction, the deflector rolls cooperating with auxiliary forming rolls producing protruding flanges on the edges of said strips, conveying additional steel strips of indefinite length over additional deflector rolls in a downward vertical direction adjacent to the first-mentioned steel strips, said additional deflector rolls cooperating with additional auxiliary forming rolls to form flanges on the edges of the additional steel strips and to further shape the flanges of the first-mentioned steel strips and introduce the flanges of the adjacent steel strips in lapped relationship, and further including joining means to form seals of the lapped flanges to produce an open-ended polygonal tubular hollow body adapted to receive continuous casting of molten metal, the present invention further being provided with means for cooling the tubular body and a guide assembly, insertable in the open end thereof and acting as
  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the continuous casting of steel, and more particularly to a process and apparatus for the continuous casting of an indefinite length of steel strand from molten steel.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for making an indefinite length of steel strand from molten steel with a high productivity rate.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for the production of steel strand having a good surface quality in an inexpensive and highly eflicient manner.
  • Another object of the present invention is to providet an apparatus for forming a continuous casing which will be clompletely sealed to prevent any leakage of the molten stee
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus for making a metal clad object having a core made of a metal such as steel.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which is of relatively simple construction and easy to manufacture, which is automatic and rapid in its operation, and which is Well adapted for the purposes described.
  • the foregoing and other objects are attained by providing a continuous casting process and apparatus wherein molten steel is directly poured into a polygonal tubular hollow casing (hereinafter referred to as continuous case) of a desired section which is formed by a plurality of steel strips or bands.
  • This continuous case operates to define the cross section of the steel strand to be continuously cast and to trans mit outwardly the sensible heat of the molten steel.
  • the continuous case functions like a mold but travels together with the steel strand, and, therefore, the case itself becomes an outer skin of the strand.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view, partly in section, of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the continuous casting apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the first forming stage
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 clearly depicting the first forming operation
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view of the strips forming the continuous case at the first forming operations without showing the forming apparatus;
  • FIG. '7 is a horizontal sectional view of the second forming stage
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7 clearly depicting the second forming operation
  • FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view of the strips forming the continuous case at the second forming operation without showing the forming apparatus;
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a guide assembly used in the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line xx of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line yy of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of the seam welding operation
  • FIG. 14 is a horizontal sectional view of the strips forming the continuous case after the welding operation
  • FIG. 15 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 11 showing a modified guide assembly
  • FIG. 16 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 12 showing another view of the modified guide assembly
  • FIG. 17 is a horizontal sectional view showing a modification of the forming rolls consist of single stage
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 17 clearly depicting the forming operation using the forming rolls of FIG. 17;
  • FIG. 19 is a horizontal sectional view of the strips forming the continuous case at the forming operation using the forming rolls of FIG. 17;
  • FIGS. 20-22 are horizontal sectional views showing various forms of multiple lapping of the edges of the strips forming the continuous case
  • FIG. 23 shows the successive forming steps of the multiple lapping of FIG. 20
  • FIGS. 24-29 show various forms of mechanically joining the edges of the strips forming the continuous case.
  • FIG. 30 is a graphic chart showing the relationship between the production rate and the length of the longest side of the case in cross section and the thickness of the strip forming the continuous case.
  • the molten steel is continuously poured from a ladle 1 through a tundish 2 into a rectangular continuous case 5 formed by steel strips 3, 3, 4 and 4.
  • a rectangular continuous case 5 formed by steel strips 3, 3, 4 and 4.
  • the continuous case 5 filled with molten steel therein is supported at the outside thereof by a plurality of roller supports 6 and 7 while being cooled by high pressure water discharged from a plurality of spray nozzles (not shown) provided on the conduit pipes 8, 9 of the cooling means.
  • the molten steel 10 in the continuous case 5 is cooled by the cooling means due to its surface contact with the inside surfaces of the continuous case 5. As shown in FIGS. 1
  • the molten steel 10 is solidified from the outer surfaces in contact with the continuous case 5 inwardly to the core thereof to form the steel strand 11.
  • the steel strand is withdrawn by a suitable mechanism (not shown) in synchronism with the downward movement of the continuous case 5.
  • the mechanism to withdraw the steel strand may also be used for moving the continuous case 5 downward or two separate mechanisms can be provided.
  • the case 5 can be pulled off the steel strand by suitable means or the steel strand and case 5 can be left joined.
  • each joint of adjacent strips which form the continuous case be tightly sealed to prevent the molten steel from flowing out therefrom or the cooling water from penetrating thereinto. If the tightness of the joint seals is defective permitting cooling water to penetrate into the continuous case, the quality of the steel strand would not only be lessened but it would give use to the danger of an explosion. Further, as is obvious, the flowing out of the molten steel would produce a condition requiring stoppage of production.
  • each joint of adjacent strips should be of suflicient strength so that the joints will not fail and separate due to the ferrostatic pressure of the poured molten steel.
  • the sheet thickness of the steel strips used for constructing the continuous case should be sufficiently thick to prevent the case from bulging outwardly. Any slight bulging would make it impossible to maintain the desired cross sectional shape of the steel strand and further, it would lead to the breakage of continuous case.
  • FIG. 30 is a graphic chart showing the allowable maximum value of the withdrawal speed (V) of steel strand at various lengths (L) of the longest side of continuous case in cross section for different steel strip thicknesses (m).
  • the thickness of the steel strip should be in the range of 0.2 to 3.2 mm. and preferably 0.6 to 1.6 mm.
  • the outside of the continuous case is sprayed with a cooling fluid such as water supplied by the cooling means.
  • a cooling fluid such as water supplied by the cooling means.
  • the volume of cooling water employed depends upon the thickness of the steel strip, the cross section, and the withdrawal speed of the steel strand. Tests have shown that approximately 0.2 ton of water per square meter of the surface area of the continuous case every minute is required for proper cooling. This volume of water is required because the temperature of the surface of the continuous case should not be higher than the temperature of 600 C. when the molten steel having the temperature of 1500-1600" C, is poured into the continuous case, and further, the undesirable expansion of the continuous case must be limited.
  • FIGS. 1-14 two steel strips 3, 3 of relatively wide sheet and two steel strips 4, 4 of relatively narrow sheet are utilized to form a continuous case 5 having a rectangular cross section.
  • the apparatus used in connection with the strips 3, 3 or 4, 4 is symmetrical, and the Working process in connection with the strip joints is also symmetrical, and therefore, only one strip or one strip joint will be discussed to simplify the description.
  • the wide strip 3 is continuously supplied from a reel 13 where it passes through a pair of pinch rollers 14 and a plurality of side guides 15 into a space between a deflector roll 16 and an upper curved portion 18 of a guide assembly 17 whereby the strip 3 is deflected by the deflector roll 16 in a vertical downward direction.
  • the guide assembly 17 comprises two duplicate sections each having a pair of upper curved portions 18, a pair of wide vertical portions 24, a lower curved portion 31, a narrow vertical portion 39 and a protector wall 100.
  • the guide assembly 17 is preferably formed in two sections to -simplify construction and to permit relative adjustment between the sections to aid in accommodating the steel strips 4.
  • the guide assembly protects the forming means from any splashing of the molten steel as it is being poured into the continuous case 5.
  • the guide assembly also prevents any splashing of the molten steel on to the inner surfaces of the continuous case 5 which would tend to roughen the inner surfaces of the continuous case 5.
  • the deflector roll 16 In addition to deflecting the wide strip 3 vertically downward the deflector roll 16 also is part of the first forming stage 22 shown in more detail in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the deflector roll 16 comprises a cylindrical middle portion 19' and two frusto-conical portions 19, 19.
  • Cooperating with the deflector roll 16 are a pair of forming rolls 21 with frusto-conical portions 20.
  • the frusto-conical portions 19, 19 on roll 16 complement frusto-conical portions 20 on rolls 21 to bend the steel strip 3 between them.
  • the two wide deflector rolls 16 and the four complementary forming rolls 21 along with upper curved portions 18 of the guide assembly 17 comprise the first forming stage 22.
  • both edges of strip 3 are bent at an angle of about 45 to form flanges 23, 23 as shown best in FIG. 6.
  • the initial forming bend is limited by the mechanical properties of the steel strip, the sheet thickness and the diameter of the forming rolls. It has been found where preforming with deflecting is carried out, a bending angle up to approximately 75 can be easily achieved with the flange width preferably in the 10 to 20 mm. range.
  • the strip 3 passes through a gap between the wide deflector roll 16 and the wide vertical portion of the guide assembly 17 to attain an accurate forming of the strip 3.
  • the pre-forrned strip 3 with the flanges 23, 23 at both edges is passed into the second forming stage 27 comprising narrow deflector rolls 25, and wide forming rolls 26, 2 6.
  • Narrow steel strip 4 is continuously supplied from a reel 28 between pinch rolls 29 and side guides 30 into a space between narrow deflector roll 25 and the lower curved portion 31 of the guide assembly 17 where the strip 4 is deflected to a vertical downward direction into second forming stage 27 to meet preformed strip 3.
  • the narrow deflector rolls 25 comprise a cylindrical body the axial length of which is equal to the Width of narrow strip 4.
  • the wide forming roll 26 comprises a cylindrical body 33 and a cylindrical body 34 of reduced diameter at each end of said cylindrical body 33.
  • the four strips 3, 3 and 4, 4 form a rectangular body with four protruded lappings 38, the cross sections of which is clearly shown in FIG. 9.
  • the lapping 38 must be completely sealed together to prevent penetration of the cooling Water or outflow of the molten steel.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 and 13 there is shown the preferred embodiment of using seam welding to seal the lappings 38.
  • the welding means 40 comprises a seam welder 41 at each corner.
  • Each seam welder 41 has a pair of rotary electrodes 42 and 43 and an air cylinder 44 which urges one electrode 42 toward the other electrode 43.
  • a pair of holding rolls 45 are provided immediately above the rotary electrodes to hold the lappings 38 tightly.
  • the four lappings 38 are pressed and electrically welded in a vertical direction as they pass between rotary electrodes 42 and 43.
  • the rotary electrodes 42 and 43 may or may not be driven.
  • the completely sealed continuous case 5 of prescribed cross section as shown best in FIG. 14 is formed from four steel strips 3, 3 and 4, 4.
  • the cross section of the continuous case 5 may be of any suitable polygonal shape besides the preferred rectangular shape.
  • the number of sides of the polygonal cross section to be formed will determine the number of steel strips required.
  • the deflector roll 16 performed a deflecting function as well as a forming function. This dual function was used in order to make the distance between the molten steel level in the case and the tundish nozzle as short as possible. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the deflector roll may be separate from the forming roll. If made separate, the deflector roll need not be a rotatable roll but may be a fixed curved member. The roller supports 6, 7 may also be fixed curved surfaces and in many instances the support 7 may be omitted for the narrow width steel strip 4.
  • each section included the wide vertical portion 24 and the narrow vertical portion 39 formed integral with each other. It will be appreciated that these portions 24 and 39 can be separately formed since each portion deals with a difierent steel strip.
  • FIGS. 15, 16 a guide assembly 47 which is similar in all respects to guide assembly 17 having upper curved portions 18', wide vertical portions 24' and narrow vertical portions 39 with the addition of a water jacket 46 having piping 46 to circulate the cooling water.
  • FIGS. 17, 18 There is shown in FIGS. 17, 18 a forming assembly 48 which will simultaneously perform the deflecting and forming operations to produce a continuous case having a modified form of lapping.
  • the edges of strips 3 and 4 are bent at an angle of 45 to form flanges 49 and 50 whereby the lapping 51 as best shown in FIG. 19 is produced.
  • the forming assembly 48 consists of wide strip rolls 54 having frusto-conical portions 52 at its ends and narrow strip rolls 55 having frustoconical portions 53 at both ends.
  • This forming assembly 48 can attain an operation of deflection and formation in a single step. In the single step flange forming, a bending angle in the range of to 75 is preferred.
  • double lappings 59, 60 and 61 shown in FIGS. to 22 are easily formed.
  • a series of forming assemblies, illustrated in FIG. 23, af may be utilized.
  • FIGS. 24 to 29 show the formation of a joint 63 by bending the double lapping 59 at an angle of 90.
  • FIG. shows a mechanical joint formed by placing a groove in the double laping 59 with a set of grooving rolls 64 and 65.
  • FIG. 26 Another joining method shown in FIG. 26 can be applied to both single and double lappings.
  • a narrow steel strip 67 having notches 68 is formed into a V-shape by a series of rollers 69, 70 and a guide member 71 whereby it surrounds a lapping joint 72.
  • a series of rollers 73 and 74 apply pressure to steel strip 67 to obtain a firm reinforced joint 75.
  • FIGS. 27 to 29 can also be applied to either single or double lapping.
  • the process of FIG. 27 utilizes a cut out tongue piece 76 from the lapping 77 which is folded along the lapping 77.
  • FIG. 28 there is shown the use of rivets 78 to form a tightly sealed lapping 79 and in FIG. 29, fasteners 80 are used to join the lapping 81.
  • the continuous case was made by the two stage forming means with seam welding as described in detail in the embodiment of FIGS. 1l4.
  • a low carbon cold rolled steel strip having a thickness of 0.6 to 1.0 mm. was employed as the strip material for the continuous case.
  • the main forming roll of the forming means was 150 mm. in diameter.
  • the width of each lapping at the four corners of the continuous case was 15 mm.
  • the lapping was con tinuously welded by a pair of rotary electrodes having a diameter of 200 mm.
  • the continuous case was cooled by water applied at the rate of about 0.4 ton per square meter of surface area every minutes at a pressure of 4.5 kilograms per square centimeter.
  • the molten steel was an ordinary carbon steel with a chemical analysis of: (MS-0.17% carbon, 0.220.36% silicon, 0.63-1.22% manganese, 0.0l0-0.0l8% phosphorus, 0.01 l0.024% sulfur, and the balance iron.
  • the temperature of the molten steel was about 1500 C.
  • the following table shows the withdrawal speed of the steel strand and the casting productivity under the above conditions when the thickness of the steel strip and the continuous case cross section are varied.
  • a process for the continuous casting of steel comprising:
  • Apparatus for the continuous casting of steel comprising:
  • deflecting roller associated with each steel strip for moving said steel strip in a vertical downward direction to make an open-ended polygonal tubular hollow body, at least some of said deflector rolls being provided with frusto-conical end portions,
  • conduit pipe provided with a plurality of spray nozzles located below and adjacent each of said roller supports and extending axially the length thereof for discharging a coolant over the surface of said joined steel strips
  • auxiliary forming rolls comprise deflecting rolls for said remaining said steel strips, each of said forming rolls being provided with frusto-conical edge portions cooperating with the edge portions of adjacent deflector rolls to form lapped, adjacent flanged edge portions on adjacent steel strips.
  • joining means includes Welding apparatus provided with rotary electrodes engaging opposed surfaces of the lapped edge portions.
  • a forming guide assembly including means cooperating with said deflecting rollers for insuring passage of the steel strips over the deflecting rollers and additional means insertable in the polygonal enclosure for providing a guard for the splashing of molten metal introduced into the polygonal enclosure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US577695A 1965-10-01 1966-09-07 Process and apparatus for the continuous casting of steel Expired - Lifetime US3457984A (en)

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AT (1) AT283614B (de)
BE (1) BE686852A (de)
CH (1) CH442632A (de)
FR (1) FR1495365A (de)
GB (1) GB1155884A (de)
LU (1) LU52085A1 (de)
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726332A (en) * 1970-03-12 1973-04-10 British Aluminium Co Ltd Semi-continuous casting method utilizing a thermoinsulating sheet material
US4751955A (en) * 1983-11-11 1988-06-21 Mannesmann Ag Feeding a mold for continuous casting of metal
US20030029530A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2003-02-13 Hans-Toni Junius Method for the production of thin-walled steel components and components produced therefrom
DE102006057858A1 (de) 2006-12-08 2008-08-21 Vladimir Volchkov Verfahren zum Stranggießen (hoch)legierter oder/und hochgekohlter Stähle
CN102489968A (zh) * 2011-12-17 2012-06-13 山西百一机械设备制造有限公司 翻边焊接筒体的制造方法
DE102012017684A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Vladimir Volchkov Verfahren zum Stranggießen der NE-Metalle
DE102012017682A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Vladimir Volchkov Verfahren zum Stranggießen der NE-Metalle
CN115921809A (zh) * 2023-01-31 2023-04-07 南京净环热冶金工程有限公司 一种金属坯连续铸造及轧制长材的方法及设备
CN116271516A (zh) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-23 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 一种脊髓硬膜外植入多模式贴片电极

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2547518A1 (fr) * 1983-06-20 1984-12-21 Foulard Jean Procede et installation de fabrication de toles d'acier par coulee continue
AT383523B (de) * 1985-10-03 1987-07-10 Voest Alpine Ag Vertikal-stranggiesseinrichtung zur herstellung eines duennen warmbandes aus stahl

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2055980A (en) * 1933-04-12 1936-09-29 Alfred J Liebmann Method of casting or molding metals
CH203489A (de) * 1937-03-24 1939-03-15 Kreidler Alfred Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum fortlaufenden Giessen von Strängen.
US2262758A (en) * 1937-10-08 1941-11-18 American Can Co Can body
FR884516A (fr) * 1939-07-06 1943-08-19 Rener Metallwerke Ag Du Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de plaques métalliques plaquées
US2714447A (en) * 1950-06-22 1955-08-02 Houdaille Hershey Corp Tubing and method of producing same
US3349832A (en) * 1964-07-31 1967-10-31 Simplex Wire & Cable Co Method of forming sheathed conductor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2055980A (en) * 1933-04-12 1936-09-29 Alfred J Liebmann Method of casting or molding metals
CH203489A (de) * 1937-03-24 1939-03-15 Kreidler Alfred Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum fortlaufenden Giessen von Strängen.
US2262758A (en) * 1937-10-08 1941-11-18 American Can Co Can body
FR884516A (fr) * 1939-07-06 1943-08-19 Rener Metallwerke Ag Du Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de plaques métalliques plaquées
US2714447A (en) * 1950-06-22 1955-08-02 Houdaille Hershey Corp Tubing and method of producing same
US3349832A (en) * 1964-07-31 1967-10-31 Simplex Wire & Cable Co Method of forming sheathed conductor

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726332A (en) * 1970-03-12 1973-04-10 British Aluminium Co Ltd Semi-continuous casting method utilizing a thermoinsulating sheet material
US4751955A (en) * 1983-11-11 1988-06-21 Mannesmann Ag Feeding a mold for continuous casting of metal
US20030029530A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2003-02-13 Hans-Toni Junius Method for the production of thin-walled steel components and components produced therefrom
DE10011758C2 (de) * 2000-03-13 2003-10-16 C D Waelzholz Produktionsgmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von dünnwandigen Bauteilen aus Stahl und danach hergestellte Bauteile
US6953627B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2005-10-11 C.D. Walzholz-Brockhaus Gmbh Method for the production of thin-walled steel components and components produced therefrom
DE102006057858A1 (de) 2006-12-08 2008-08-21 Vladimir Volchkov Verfahren zum Stranggießen (hoch)legierter oder/und hochgekohlter Stähle
CN102489968A (zh) * 2011-12-17 2012-06-13 山西百一机械设备制造有限公司 翻边焊接筒体的制造方法
DE102012017684A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Vladimir Volchkov Verfahren zum Stranggießen der NE-Metalle
DE102012017682A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Vladimir Volchkov Verfahren zum Stranggießen der NE-Metalle
CN115921809A (zh) * 2023-01-31 2023-04-07 南京净环热冶金工程有限公司 一种金属坯连续铸造及轧制长材的方法及设备
CN116271516A (zh) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-23 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 一种脊髓硬膜外植入多模式贴片电极
CN116271516B (zh) * 2023-03-29 2023-11-14 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 一种脊髓硬膜外植入多模式贴片电极

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GB1155884A (en) 1969-06-25
AT283614B (de) 1970-08-10
NL6613656A (de) 1967-04-03
BE686852A (de) 1967-02-15
FR1495365A (de) 1967-12-20
LU52085A1 (de) 1966-11-30
CH442632A (de) 1967-08-31

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