US34493A - Improvement in projectiles for rifled ordnance - Google Patents

Description

W. H. HAVENS.

Projcnile. y Patented Feb. 25,' 1862;

i UNITED` STATES PATENT OEEICE.,l

IVM. II. HAVENS, OF FATERSOX, NIZW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENi-,IN PROJECTILES FOR Rit-Leu'camarada-z.`

Specllication forming part of Letters Patent No. 341.493, dated Fe'biuary 25, 1852.

.T0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. HnvENs, of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and .State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Irojectilcs for Bitled Grdnance; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ot'. the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciiication, in which- Figure lis a longitudinal outside View of an elongated shot witlrniyimprovements. Fig. 2 is a centra-l longitudinal section of the Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same in the line a: marked on Fig. l2; Fig. 4, a transverse sectionfin the line y y, and Fig. 5 a transverse section in the line z z.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A and B are the twopieces of cast-iron lcom-v posing the body of the shot, the front piece, A, being made with a pin, a., at its rear, to enter a cavity, b, in the rear piece, B. The frontportion of the rear portion, B, Vis made of conical form, as shown at c c, and with a r numberot'equidistant dovetail grooves, d rl,

running lengthwise of it for the reception ot' dovetail tongues g, formed upon the expanding segments. In rear of the conical portion c c there is a Shoulder formed on the piece B, and a groove, c, is provided in the face of the said shoulder, and asimilar groove, f, is provided-in the face of the shoulder that is formed on the front piece, A, in front of the pin a. 1

C Care the expanding segments,` of which there lmay be any desired number, made of .i

brass or other moderately-hard metal or alloy. These segments are of such form that when arranged close together their exteriors combine to forni a cylinder of thesame circumference as the cylindrical portion ofthe exterior of the body of the shot, and their interiors lit the front portion of the conical portion c c of the body, and each is furnished on its interior with a dovetail tongue, g, to t' one of the dovetail grooves d d, which correspond in number with the segments. Onthe front ends of the segments there are formed` tongues h 7L to enter Vthe groove f, and on their rearA ends off. Y

| there are formed' tongues z' to enter a ring,

j, of lead or other soft metal or alloy, a portion of which is made to t the groove e. The external portion of the ring j is of a ci'rcnm` ference equal to that of the cylindrical po'r-A tion of the body of the shot. Foraprojectile to be used in a gun having a small number of large ride-grooves, the segments may be made with projecting ribs or iins to partly enter.

the grooves when the projectile is first placed in the gun; but for a projectile with a large number of fine grooves the exterior' surfaces ofthe segments may be inade plain. "'When the projectile isinserted in the gun, the portion A is drawn outfrom B some distance, as shown in Fig. 2, and the segments are arranged 'on the forward and smaller portion of the cone c c, close to the shoulder of A, and so contracted or. drawn togetherto permit` them to pass easily through the bore ot' the gun. In rannning home the projectile the portion A is driven back into B, and the segments are driven back along the cone c c, and.k so expanded tillthey tit tightly to thc lands of the bore. Vhen the charge is tired, the impact upon the rear portion of the projectile drives it forward before the front part, A, or the seg,- ments start, and the cone passin forward into the segments expands them and causes thenr to iill thegrooves, and the shoulder of B is driven forward against the soft-metalring j, which is thus compressed between the said shoulder. and the rear ends of the segments, and so expands radially against the walls of the gun and made to prevent windage. The tongues q r/ insure the rotary motion of the segments derived from the lille-groovesv being imparted to the projectile, and when the projectile has left the gun the segments are locked to the body not only. by t-he dovetaii tongues g g, but by the tongues M and grooves f e, and so ei'fcctually prevented from ilying D isa soft-nietalband applied to the rear ot' a projectile, and ll a cast-.iron follower, to bepdriven forwardagainst the said band l'or the'purpose of expanding it. On the rear portion ot' the cast-iron body ot the projectile there is 'formed a concentric annular projco tion, k '/b, having provided in it anumber o1' holes, ZZ.l The follower ll isinadewithacnical head, and with a shank in front smaller `than the inside of the annular projection lf,

- and the band Dis cast on the `projectile by i y `-placing the h0dy ofthe projectileand thffollowers iiii @suitable m01d,.., Themen-Li 'Qfthis band covers the projection k both inside and l outside, and lls the holes l'l, and so attachesv itself firmly to the projectile. y

These improvements areiapplicable to hol-v low as well as to solid pr'ojeetiles.t 1 The cav-- ity for the powder in a shell or hollow pro'- iectile will exten'd into both parts A and.' B of the`body,'ahd', lin order to prevent the powder from getting around the pin' a, I propose ."to

form-.a coptinuation'betweeu the, SWODaIts of.

.the chamberinA and B 'by means of a-tbel made of tin-.plate or, other lightv metal.

:into it;;"fb11t`.

What I claim as my invention secure by .Letters Patent, is

'JAMES LAIRD., lmHARDsoNjPAWLm'-,

I domi ciagmexpanding the pagkiiggf piti-f eetl-les n.bymnje'ans pf-afconegrvefi forwzirdarid desire tov y The combinationwith Lthe' conical portieri i --ent sliding @flicking-segments c 6,1111 arranged

Images