US3448505A - Method of manufacturing internal combustion engine cylinder heads - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing internal combustion engine cylinder heads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3448505A US3448505A US414573A US3448505DA US3448505A US 3448505 A US3448505 A US 3448505A US 414573 A US414573 A US 414573A US 3448505D A US3448505D A US 3448505DA US 3448505 A US3448505 A US 3448505A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- internal combustion
- cylinder head
- combustion engine
- bores
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000032443 Masked facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/06—Casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/02—Light metals
- F05C2201/021—Aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/4927—Cylinder, cylinder head or engine valve sleeve making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49879—Spaced wall tube or receptacle
Definitions
- ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of manufacturing a pressure or chill cast aluminum alloy cylinder head for internal combustion engines, including the steps of machining out bores in a main casting between the valves of the engine and their corresponding manifolds, after which an aluminum alloy tube is inserted and secured in a fluid tight manner into each of said bores.
- This invention relates to internal combustion engine cylinder heads and concerns a method of manufacturing such cylinder heads that is designed to facilitate their production in the form of pressureor chill-cast aluminium alloy parts for use with light metal engines.
- the cylinder head Since the water chamber of a cylinder head is a closed chamber, it is clear that the cylinder head will invariably have to be made in two parts, one of which customarily forms a cover for sealing off this chamber. In specific cases where the water chamber has a lateral opening, this sealing function can be performed by the inlet or exhaust manifold.
- the subject improvements of the present invention consist essentially in providing a water chamber that can be stripped from the casting mould in the normal way while at the same time enabling great cylinder-head joint face rigidity to be preserved. This is achieved by using inserted inlet and exhaust ducts which are fitted into the cylinder head after suitable machining.
- FIGURE 1 shows a cylinder head in interrupted crosssection taken through a valve axis and through a spark plug axis
- FIGURE 2, 3 and 4 show alternative methods of fitting the inlet and exhaust ducts to the main cylinder casting.
- the cylinder head shown thereon consists of a main casting 1 and a cover 2.
- the degree of accuracy obtained with pressure casting does not exclude the possibility of assembling the two sections together without prior machining of the mating surfaces.
- the central portions 4 of the inlet and exhaust tracts of the cylinder head casting 1, designed to accommodate the valves, are cast in by means of a corepiece 4' (a cylindrical insert which can usually be stripped by a sliding motion). This corepiece is slidable in an inclined direction within the mould used for said cylinder head casting.
- the bores 5 of the inlet and exhaust tracts themselves can likewise be rough-cast by means of a horizontally movable second corepiece 6.
- the assembly is then machined; this consists in machining the cylinder-head and cylinder mating faces, in calibrating the bores 5, in machining the bores 7 and in rounding off the corner remaining at 8.
- the next step is to fit the inlet and exhaust ducts 9 which have port in the central portion 4.
- These ducts preferably consist of aluminium alloy tubes varying in thickness between two and four millimetres.
- These tubes may be fitted to the cylinder head casting in the manner shown in FIGURE 1, namely by driving them with a gripping fit into the bores '5 and 7 and subsequently bonding them thereto, if desired, with a hydrocarbon-resisting substance.
- the tubes may be fitted in the manner shown in FIGURES 2, 3 and 4.
- the tubes 9 are easy fits in the bores 5 and 7, fliud-tightness being obtained at both the manifold end and the valve end by means of a metal-and-asbestos gasket 10.
- the tube 9 is a tight fit and is possibly bonded, at the valve end, i.e. as at 11, whereas at the manifold end it is sealed by means of a special solder 12.
- the tract shown thereon utilizes a metal-andasbestos gasket 10 at the valve end and a threaded and possibly bonded form of assembly 13 at the manifold end. It is, however, to be understood that any other means may be resorted to for effecting such amembly without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
- Reference numeral 14 designates the spark plug hole in the cylinder head.
- a method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine comprising the steps of pressure casting an aluminum alloy cylinder head, forming inlet and exhaust manifolds and valves, casting a main casting, casting a cover part for said main casting, assembling said cover part over said main casting, machining out bores in said main casting between said valves and their corresponding manifolds, inserting an aluminum alloy tube into each of said bores, and securing said tubes in said bores in a fluid tight manner to form inlet and exhaust ducts.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
June 10, 1969 G. DE COYE DE CASTELET 5 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CYLINDER HEADS Filed Nov. 30, 1964 Fig- 7 9 atan dado; c e [ask/a? 5 1%, M 72% %zw 172 Man Z0! United States Patent Im. c1. Bis /00 U.S. Cl. 29156.4 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of manufacturing a pressure or chill cast aluminum alloy cylinder head for internal combustion engines, including the steps of machining out bores in a main casting between the valves of the engine and their corresponding manifolds, after which an aluminum alloy tube is inserted and secured in a fluid tight manner into each of said bores.
This invention relates to internal combustion engine cylinder heads and concerns a method of manufacturing such cylinder heads that is designed to facilitate their production in the form of pressureor chill-cast aluminium alloy parts for use with light metal engines.
Provided they are properly made such aluminum alloy cylinder heads afford the following advantages:
(i) an improved likelihood of obtaining sound parts;
(ii) the greater probability of obtaining water and gas passages of correction section, free from distortion or flash;
(iii) reduced cost price, because of fewer rejects obtained and because of a reduced number of parts that need to be made fluid-tight by impregnation.
Since the water chamber of a cylinder head is a closed chamber, it is clear that the cylinder head will invariably have to be made in two parts, one of which customarily forms a cover for sealing off this chamber. In specific cases where the water chamber has a lateral opening, this sealing function can be performed by the inlet or exhaust manifold.
Heretofore, however, the difficulty still remained that in order to ensure water circulation around the inlet and exhaust ducts, it was necessary to use ceramic cores between the cylinder head face (i.e. the cylinder head face mating with the cylinder) and the duct which was a costly solution hardly compatible with the mechanisation of pressure or chill-casting methods. Alternatively it was necessary to provide an opening in the cylinder head face, which in turn means that the cylinder head gasket is in contact with the cooling water over a large area, and such contact is usually detrimental to durability of the gasket.
The subject improvements of the present invention consist essentially in providing a water chamber that can be stripped from the casting mould in the normal way while at the same time enabling great cylinder-head joint face rigidity to be preserved. This is achieved by using inserted inlet and exhaust ducts which are fitted into the cylinder head after suitable machining.
The invention will now be more particularly described with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawing which shows a cylinder head with parallel valves devised according to the invention and obtained by performing the subject method of the invention, though it is to be clearly understood that the present invention is applicable to any type of cylinder head.
Patented June 10, 1969 p I C6 In the drawing:
FIGURE 1 shows a cylinder head in interrupted crosssection taken through a valve axis and through a spark plug axis; and
FIGURE 2, 3 and 4 show alternative methods of fitting the inlet and exhaust ducts to the main cylinder casting.
Referring first to FIGURE 1, the cylinder head shown thereon consists of a main casting 1 and a cover 2.
These two sections are assembled together as at 3, preferably by means of a bonded joint, though it is to be understood that a conventional gasket may be used if desired.
The degree of accuracy obtained with pressure casting does not exclude the possibility of assembling the two sections together without prior machining of the mating surfaces.
The central portions 4 of the inlet and exhaust tracts of the cylinder head casting 1, designed to accommodate the valves, are cast in by means of a corepiece 4' (a cylindrical insert which can usually be stripped by a sliding motion). This corepiece is slidable in an inclined direction within the mould used for said cylinder head casting.
The bores 5 of the inlet and exhaust tracts themselves can likewise be rough-cast by means of a horizontally movable second corepiece 6.
After the casting 1 and the cover 2 have been joined together as stated precedingly, the assembly is then machined; this consists in machining the cylinder-head and cylinder mating faces, in calibrating the bores 5, in machining the bores 7 and in rounding off the corner remaining at 8.
After these operations have been completed, the next step is to fit the inlet and exhaust ducts 9 which have port in the central portion 4. These ducts preferably consist of aluminium alloy tubes varying in thickness between two and four millimetres.
These tubes may be fitted to the cylinder head casting in the manner shown in FIGURE 1, namely by driving them with a gripping fit into the bores '5 and 7 and subsequently bonding them thereto, if desired, with a hydrocarbon-resisting substance.
Alternatively, the tubes may be fitted in the manner shown in FIGURES 2, 3 and 4. In the specific example of FIGURE 2, the tubes 9 are easy fits in the bores 5 and 7, fliud-tightness being obtained at both the manifold end and the valve end by means of a metal-and-asbestos gasket 10. In the example of FIGURE 3, the tube 9 is a tight fit and is possibly bonded, at the valve end, i.e. as at 11, whereas at the manifold end it is sealed by means of a special solder 12.
Referring lastly to FIGURE 4 for a third alternative embodiment, the tract shown thereon utilizes a metal-andasbestos gasket 10 at the valve end and a threaded and possibly bonded form of assembly 13 at the manifold end. It is, however, to be understood that any other means may be resorted to for effecting such amembly without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine comprising the steps of pressure casting an aluminum alloy cylinder head, forming inlet and exhaust manifolds and valves, casting a main casting, casting a cover part for said main casting, assembling said cover part over said main casting, machining out bores in said main casting between said valves and their corresponding manifolds, inserting an aluminum alloy tube into each of said bores, and securing said tubes in said bores in a fluid tight manner to form inlet and exhaust ducts.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said tubes are force fitted in said machined bores.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein said are bonded in said bores.
4. A method according to claim 2, wherein said tubes are bonded in said bores.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said tubes are loosely fitted in said bores, fluid tightness 'being obtained by means of metal and asbestos gaskets both at the manifold end and the valve end.
6. A method according to claim 1, wherein said tubes are tightly fitted in said bores and are bonded thereto at the valve end and welded thereto at the manifold end.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein said tubes are assembled with a metal and asbestos gasket at the valve end and secured by means of screw threaded engagement at the manifold end.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein said tubes are also bonded at the manifold end.
tubes Larson 29-1564 X [Herreshofi et a1. 29-156.4 X Girard 29-1564 S-choessow.
Mills 29-455 Highsmith.
Rohe et a1. 29-455 Hepner.
JOHN F. CAMPBELL, Primary Examiner.
P. M. COHEN, Assistant Examiner.
US. Cl. X.R.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR956656A FR1386428A (en) | 1963-12-10 | 1963-12-10 | Manufacturing process for cylinder heads for internal combustion engines |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3448505A true US3448505A (en) | 1969-06-10 |
Family
ID=8818512
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US414573A Expired - Lifetime US3448505A (en) | 1963-12-10 | 1964-11-30 | Method of manufacturing internal combustion engine cylinder heads |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3448505A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1294097B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1386428A (en) |
OA (1) | OA01441A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4157607A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-06-12 | Ford Motor Company | Method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine cylinder head |
US4207660A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1980-06-17 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making low cost insertable type port liner |
US20040250420A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Klaus-Martin Uhl | Method for making a cylinder for a two-stroke engine |
US20130118437A1 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-16 | Hyundai Motor Company | Multi alloy cylinder head and a method of manufacturing the same |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4039189C1 (en) * | 1990-12-08 | 1992-06-17 | Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De | Light metal, vacuum cast IC piston engine casing - has gas change ducts as pipes separately fitted to cast part |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2435837A (en) * | 1946-11-08 | 1948-02-10 | Elis L Larson | Cylinder liner |
US2436043A (en) * | 1944-03-24 | 1948-02-17 | Chrysler Corp | Engine and method of making parts thereof |
US2724173A (en) * | 1950-06-12 | 1955-11-22 | Girard Alexandre Auguste Leon | Method of manufacturing pressure chambers |
US2754573A (en) * | 1952-08-15 | 1956-07-17 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of manufacturing fluid heat exchange apparatus |
US2880475A (en) * | 1957-05-10 | 1959-04-07 | Mills Prod Inc | Window unit |
US3087514A (en) * | 1960-10-26 | 1963-04-30 | Highsmith Clifford | Slab liner |
US3197854A (en) * | 1963-01-02 | 1965-08-03 | Frederick W Rohe | Method of installing sandwich panel spacer with torque-resistant mechanical anchorage |
US3222753A (en) * | 1959-05-18 | 1965-12-14 | Heppner Mfg Co | Speaker magnet structure and method of forming the same |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1635023A (en) * | 1920-12-30 | 1927-07-05 | Glenn D Angle | Engine-cylinder valve port and stem-guide structure |
US2730085A (en) * | 1950-12-19 | 1956-01-10 | Gen Motors Corp | Cylinder head |
-
1963
- 1963-12-10 FR FR956656A patent/FR1386428A/en not_active Expired
-
1964
- 1964-11-30 US US414573A patent/US3448505A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1964-12-09 DE DER39422A patent/DE1294097B/en active Pending
- 1964-12-31 OA OA51975A patent/OA01441A/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2436043A (en) * | 1944-03-24 | 1948-02-17 | Chrysler Corp | Engine and method of making parts thereof |
US2435837A (en) * | 1946-11-08 | 1948-02-10 | Elis L Larson | Cylinder liner |
US2724173A (en) * | 1950-06-12 | 1955-11-22 | Girard Alexandre Auguste Leon | Method of manufacturing pressure chambers |
US2754573A (en) * | 1952-08-15 | 1956-07-17 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of manufacturing fluid heat exchange apparatus |
US2880475A (en) * | 1957-05-10 | 1959-04-07 | Mills Prod Inc | Window unit |
US3222753A (en) * | 1959-05-18 | 1965-12-14 | Heppner Mfg Co | Speaker magnet structure and method of forming the same |
US3087514A (en) * | 1960-10-26 | 1963-04-30 | Highsmith Clifford | Slab liner |
US3197854A (en) * | 1963-01-02 | 1965-08-03 | Frederick W Rohe | Method of installing sandwich panel spacer with torque-resistant mechanical anchorage |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4157607A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-06-12 | Ford Motor Company | Method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine cylinder head |
US4207660A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1980-06-17 | Ford Motor Company | Method of making low cost insertable type port liner |
US20040250420A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Klaus-Martin Uhl | Method for making a cylinder for a two-stroke engine |
US7458153B2 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2008-12-02 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Method for making a cylinder for a two-stroke engine |
CN100519053C (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2009-07-29 | 安德列亚斯.斯蒂尔两合公司 | Method for making a cylinder for a two-stroke engine |
US20130118437A1 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-16 | Hyundai Motor Company | Multi alloy cylinder head and a method of manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1386428A (en) | 1965-01-22 |
OA01441A (en) | 1969-07-04 |
DE1294097B (en) | 1969-04-30 |
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