US3430691A - High-capacity air-cooled heat exchanger - Google Patents

High-capacity air-cooled heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US3430691A
US3430691A US590875A US3430691DA US3430691A US 3430691 A US3430691 A US 3430691A US 590875 A US590875 A US 590875A US 3430691D A US3430691D A US 3430691DA US 3430691 A US3430691 A US 3430691A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
impeller
vanes
heat
air
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Expired - Lifetime
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US590875A
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English (en)
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Gunter Scholl
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/10—Component parts of trickle coolers for feeding gas or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/90—Cooling towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-capacity aircooled heat exchanger which consists of a ventilator and a large number of heat-exchanging elements which are disposed either in front of or behind the ventilator and either above or below the same.
  • this object is attained by providing the ventilator of the new heat exchanger in the form of one or several large impellers whose blades are mounted on one or several coaxial circular rails which are supported on and movable along a plurality of rollers which are disposed in fixed positions spaced from each other in a circular arrangement and at least some of which may be motor-driven for driving the large impeller.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention has the great advantage of being composed of extremely simple and inexpensive elements and of requiring relatively little power for its operation and for overcoming the frictional losses which occur between the rails of the impeller and their supporting or driving rollers. While the minimum diameter of this annular heat exchanger is generally larger than the maximum diameter of an axialflow fan, it may easily be made of such a large diameter that an entire power plant may be disposed at the inside thereof so that its ventilator will revolve completely around this plant. The heat exchanger according to the invention may therefore be built for any rate of flow and is particularly of value when the output of an axial-flow fan is insufficient.
  • the stationary heat-exchanging elements of this apparatus through which the medium to be cooled is passed, may be constituted by a large number of hollow vanes which may have a flat boxlike cross section or a curved or arcuate shape.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a vertical section of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 shows a vertical section of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • FIGURES 3 to 5 show sections of the rotatable impeller and of three difierent embodiments of the stationary heat-exchanging elements according to FIGURES l and 2.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a vertical section of a horizontal type of heat exchanger according to the invention which comprises an annular array of hollow heatexchanging elements 1 which are connected to an outer circular inlet pipe 21 and an inner circular outlet pipe 21" and through which the fluid to be cooled is conducted.
  • the heat exchanger further comprises an annular impeller 2 underneath the array of heat-exchanging elements 1, consisting of a circular row of blades which span two pairs of concentric rings 22', 22" and 23' and 23".
  • the impeller is mounted on a pair of coaxial circular rails 3', 3" of different diameters supported on and movable along a plurality of inner and outer rollers 4', 4" which are mounted in fixed positions in circular arrays and some of which are driven directly by electric motors 5 so as to drive the impeller 2 on its rails 3, 3" along these rollers.
  • the axis of rotation of the ap aratus has been indicated at A and may be located at any desired radial distance from the inner rail 3, e.g. as determined by the dimensions of a power plant or the like surrounded by the heat exchanger.
  • the array of heat-exchanging elements 1 together with the inlet and outlet pipes 21' and 21" and the rollers 4', 4" carrying the annular impeller 2 on its rails 3, 3" as well as the motors 5 (only one shown) driving some of these rollers are mounted on high posts 6', 6" so as to permit the cooling air to flow freely in the direction of the arrows toward the impeller 2 and through the blades thereof.
  • This also permits pedestrians and vehicles to pass freely underneath the large heat exchanger toward and from the power plant located inside the heat exchanger, and it also permits underpasses for roads and siding tracks to lead underneath the heat exchanger to and from the power plant.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a vertical type of heat exchanger according to the invention. Its axis of rotation is likewise spaced at any suitable radial distance from the periphery of the structure.
  • the impeller 2a whose blades are again mounted between rings 22a, 22a" on a pair of circular rails 3a, 3a" which in this case are of equal diameters,
  • FIGURES 3 to 5 show diagrammatic sections of the annular impeller with its endless row of blades together with three different embodiments of the heat-exchanging elements or ducts which are connected to the inlet and outlet pipes shown in FIGURES 1 and 2 so as to lie in generally axial planes.
  • the impeller 2b, 2c or 2d, with its mounting rings 22!), 220 or 22d, is adapted to rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows.
  • the heat-exefinging elements are in the form of hollow guide vanes through which the fluid to be cooled is conducted, these vanes having elongate profiles generally parallel to the axis of rotation.
  • the heat-exchanging elements according to FIGURE 3 form hollow box-shaped vanes 1b whose lower ends 11 facing the movable impeller 2b are curved so that the air currents emerging from the impeller will flow as freely as possible and without change of its velocity between the vanes.
  • the outer ends 12 of the vanes 1b are tapered at an acute angle so that the air channels between them increase in width and produce a diifuser eflect.
  • vanes 1b In order to stabilize the vanes 1b to prevent them from being crushed in the event that an underpressure occurs therein, their walls may be braced by inserting corrugated plates 13 therein. If, on the other hand, an excessive pressure by the fluid to be cooled might occur within the vanes, they may be braced by inserting similar corrugated plates into the air channels between the vanes 1b.
  • FIGURE 4 shows diagrammatically a modification of the hollow vanes which in this case are plates 1c of undulating profile, made from corrugated sheet metal, and may easily be given a sufiicient compressive strength even though they consist of a thin material.
  • the acutely ta pered ends 111 (proximal to the impeller) and 112 (remote from the impeller) of the vanes according to FIG- URE 4 serve for the same purpose as described with reference to FIGURE 3.
  • FIGURE 5 shows diagrammatically still another modification of the stationary heat-exchanging elements above or adjacent to annular impeller 2d which again consists of an endless row of blades.
  • the heat-exchanging elements consist in this case of two rows of descent-shaped hollow vanes 2d, 2d" of mutually opposite curvature, through which the fluid to be cooled is conducted, and of a row of guide blades 14 which reduce the discharge velocity of the air and convert the same into a static pressure.
  • the large ventilators according to the invention may also be employed in combination with cooling towers of a conventional type which are provided with sprinkling systems so as to ventilate such towers more effectively and increase their efiiciency considerably.
  • Such ventilators may also be easily installed on older cooling towers which have already been in operation for some time.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a stationary array of peripherally spaced ducts centered on an axis, said ducts being disposed in generally axial planes; conduit means connected to said ducts for passing therethrough a fluid to be cooled; an impeller centered on and rotatable about said axis, said impeller including a pair of coaxial annular circular rails and an annular array of blades spanning said rails adjacent said ducts; a pair of concentric annular arrays of supporting rollers for said impeller, each of said rails resting on a respective array of said rollers; and drive means for rotating at least certain of said rollers to impart motion to said impeller for circulating air through the spaces between said ducts.
  • a heat exchanger as defined in claim 8 further comprising a set of solid stationary guide vanes disposed adjacent said remote ends of said hollow vanes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US590875A 1965-11-05 1966-10-31 High-capacity air-cooled heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US3430691A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH37976A DE1263035B (de) 1965-11-05 1965-11-05 Luftgekuehlter Grosswaermeaustauscher mit einem Luefter und einer Vielzahl auf einemKreisumfang angeordneter Waermeaustauschelemente

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3430691A true US3430691A (en) 1969-03-04

Family

ID=7434521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US590875A Expired - Lifetime US3430691A (en) 1965-11-05 1966-10-31 High-capacity air-cooled heat exchanger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3430691A (de)
BE (1) BE689161A (de)
DE (1) DE1263035B (de)
GB (1) GB1159134A (de)
NL (1) NL6614604A (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA781028B (en) * 1977-04-18 1979-02-28 Lummus Co Cooling tower
FR2516221A1 (fr) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-13 Technibel Sa Pompe a chaleur

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2085282A (en) * 1935-05-21 1937-06-29 Axel Paulsen Water wheel and propeller
US2470794A (en) * 1943-12-20 1949-05-24 Robert E Snyder In-line fluid pump
US3280900A (en) * 1963-09-06 1966-10-25 Wartenberg Kurt Steam surface condenser

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR819621A (fr) * 1937-03-23 1937-10-22 Delas Condenseurs Perfectionnements aux appareils destinés à communiquer ou enlever de la chaleur àun gaz à travers une surface d'échange
FR918616A (fr) * 1945-08-27 1947-02-13 Système de guidage de fluide pour échangeur de température
DE1001696B (de) * 1950-06-22 1957-01-31 Julius Wilisch Rohre fuer Kreuzstromwaermeaustauscher
DE1193523B (de) * 1958-12-24 1965-05-26 Karl Weiss Dipl Ing Luftgekuehlter Dampfkondensator mit Bandventilator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2085282A (en) * 1935-05-21 1937-06-29 Axel Paulsen Water wheel and propeller
US2470794A (en) * 1943-12-20 1949-05-24 Robert E Snyder In-line fluid pump
US3280900A (en) * 1963-09-06 1966-10-25 Wartenberg Kurt Steam surface condenser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1263035B (de) 1968-03-14
GB1159134A (en) 1969-07-23
NL6614604A (de) 1967-05-08
BE689161A (de) 1967-05-02

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