US3401678A - Rocker arm guide - Google Patents
Rocker arm guide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3401678A US3401678A US597623A US59762366A US3401678A US 3401678 A US3401678 A US 3401678A US 597623 A US597623 A US 597623A US 59762366 A US59762366 A US 59762366A US 3401678 A US3401678 A US 3401678A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rocker arm
- valve
- guide
- rocker
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
- F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
- F01L1/183—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft of the boat type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20576—Elements
- Y10T74/20582—Levers
Definitions
- This invention relates to valve operating rocker arms for a piston type automotive internal combustion engine and has for an important object the provision of an improved simplified and economically manufactured and installed rocker arm assembly, including the customary push rod actuator for the rocker arm and the latters pivotal mounting, whereby the rocker arm is supported in predetermined alignment with the stem of the valve to be operated.
- a rocker arm In a typical rocker arm installation for an overhead valve engine, a rocker arm is pivotally mounted between its ends on the cylinder head casting to engage at its one end an axially reciprocating push rod and at its opposite end the stem of the valve for reciprocating the latter in timed relationship with respect to the engine operation.
- a rocker arm is pivotally mounted between its ends on the cylinder head casting to engage at its one end an axially reciprocating push rod and at its opposite end the stem of the valve for reciprocating the latter in timed relationship with respect to the engine operation.
- a stud-mounted rocker arm wherein a stud secured to the cylinder head cooperates with an intermediate base portion of the rocker arm to effect a ball-and-socket type articulated rocker arm mounting.
- the push rod and valve stem engage opposite ends of the rocker arm and either the rod or stem interengages the associated end of the rocker arm to prevent its rotation about the axis of the stud to a position out of engagement with either the rod or stem.
- a stud mounted rocker arm assembly of the above character including a particularly inexpensive and readily assembled stamped rocker arm guide of unitary construction rigidly secured to the cylinder head by the same stud employed to mount the rocker arm.
- the guide comprises a base flange adapted to seat on the cylinder head and apertured for passage of the securing stud, a rigidified body extending angularly from the base flange and outwardly toward an end of the rocker arm, and a guide flange engaging a side of the rocker arm in antifriction relationship to prevent its rotation while readily enabling its pivotal reciprocation.
- Another and more specific object is to provide such an assembly wherein the two rocker arms associated with the exhaust and inlet valves of a single cylinder of the engine are actuated by a pair of independently operative push rods angularly engaging the rocker arms respectively so as to exert a force tending to rotate the rocker arms in opposite directions about the axes of their respective mounting studs.
- the base flange of the rocker arm guide spans the two mounting studs and is secured to the cylinder head by both studs, thereby to provide a simple inexpensive nonrotatable guide.
- the guide flange extends laterally in opposite directions from the body of the guide and engages correspondingly opposite sides of the two rocker arms to prevent their rotation in said op posite directions.
- the push rod may be economically formed from tubuluar stock without a costly bearing surface, although the valve stem is preferably mounted slidably in a bushing in any event.
- wear between the valve stem and its bushing is minimized, so that a shorter and more economical valve stem and also a more compactengine construction are achieved, leakage of oil and exhaust gases is minimized, and a sloppy mounting for the valve stem after a minimum operating life is avoided. Accordingly, proper valve seating and the minimizing of valve noise are accomplished throughout a comparatively long operating life for the engine.
- a rocker arm guide of minimum size is feasible with consequent reduction in material and cost.
- the valve stem engaging end of the rocker arm extends farther from the pivotal stud mounting than does the push rod engaging end, so as to provide adequate valve operation with minimum tappet and push rod movement.
- the engagement between the guide restraints and the valve stem engaging ends of the rocker arms confine the latter ends more closely than would be the case of the case if the guide restraints engaged the push rod engaging ends.
- slightly unavoidable movements of the push rod engaging ends would result in magnified movement of the valve stem engaging ends and consequent excessive wearing between the rocker arm and valve stems.
- such wear is minimized and proper valve operation is assured throughout a long engine life.
- FIGURE 1 is a vertical mid-sectional view through a rocker arm and mounting embodying the present invention, taken in the direction of the arrows substantially along the line 11 of FIGURE 2.
- FIGURE 2 is an elevational view taken in the direction of the arrow 2 of FIGURE 1, showing a pair of rocker arms for the inlet and exhaust valves.
- FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows substantially along the broken line 33 of FIGURE 1.
- FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 3, but showing only the rocker arm guide removed from the assembly.
- FIGURE 5 is an elevational view of FIGURE 4 taken in the direction of the arrow 5.
- FIGURE 6 is an elevational view of FIGURE 4 taken in the direction of the arrow 6.
- FIGURE 7 is a sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows 77 of FIGURE 6.
- FIG. 1 a particular embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by way of example with a customary overhead valve type internal combustion automotive engine of conventional construction, a fragmentary portion of the cylinder head casting 10 being shown.
- a pair of rocker arms 11 and 12 arranged side by side, FIGURE 2 are associated With the inlet and exhaust valves respectively for one of the engine cylinders.
- the two rocker arms 11, 12 and parts associated therewith as described herein are substantially mirror images of each other and operate similarly. Accordingly the comparable parts associated with the ex- I haust and inlet valves are both numbered the same.
- Each of the rocker arms may be of conventional construction and includes a central upwardly opening spherical socket portion 13 within which is seated the ball head 14'of a stud 15, which extends through an oversize aperture 16 in the base of the socket 13 for passage of an enlarged neck or spacer 17 of the stud 15.
- the latter is screwed tightly into an internally threaded boss 18 of the casting 10 to pivotally secure the rocker arm to the cylinder head 10 for universal rocking or pivotal movement by virtue of the ball and socket articulation.
- each rocker arm is provided with a downwardly opening socket 19 engaged with the spherical ball end 20 of a tubular push rod 21.
- the latter extends freely through the bore of an oil return portion 22 of the casting 10 and engages a tappet 23 at its lower end by means of a ball and socket articulation similar to that illustrated at its upper end.
- the ball end 20 of the push rod 21 is provided with a diametrically extending oil passage which receives lubricating oil pumped upwardly through the tube 21 and discharges the oil into the socket 13 via an oil port 24 in the rocker arm.
- the socket 19 is slightly out of round to provide an oil passage clearance between the oil ports in the ball 20 and socket 19 and also to provide lubrication for the ball and socket articulation 19, 20.
- Oil flowing into the socket 13 via port 24 lubricates the ball and socket connection 13, 14 and overflows the opposite or valve stem engaging end of the rocker arm to lubricate its rounded underside 25 in bearing contact with the upper end of a valve stem 26 of an integral valve 27 comprising either the conventional inlet or exhaust valve for the engine cylinder.
- the stem 26 comprises a smooth bearing shaft portion which extends in bearing and guided relationship through the bore of a valve guide portion 28 of the casting 10.
- the upper end of the stem 26 is serrated at 29 for interlocking engagement with a complimentary pair of diametrically opposed dogs 30 having conically tapered outer surfaces mating with a similarly tapered inner opening of an annular spring retainer 31. This latter structure is maintained in assembled relationship by means of a valve closing spring 32 seated coaxially around the stem 26 under compression between the retainer 31 and a portion of the casting 10 at the upper end of the valve guide 28.
- the spring 32 urges the valve stem engaging end 25 of the rocker arm upwardly and normally maintains the valve 27 in its closed position.
- the push rod 21 is maintained in contact with the push rod engaging end 19 of the rocker arm with a reacting force opposing the spring 32 to cooperate with the latter in urging the rocker arm upwardly to the upper portion of the neck 17 into engagement with the spherical mounting portion 14 of the stud 15, thereby to maintain the pivotal ball and socket relationship.
- the structure described thus far may be con' ventional.
- a base flange 33 of a unitary guide 34 comprising a one-piece sheet metal stamping spans the pair of bosses 18 and is provided with a pair of apertures 35 for passage of the studs 15.
- the flange 33 spaces each of the enlarged necks 17 from the associated boss 18 in the manner of a washer and is secured in place by the studs 15.
- the guide 34 extends angularly upwardly and toward the valve stem engaging portions 25 of the two rocker arms 11 and 12 as an integral body portion 36 reinforced by an integrally formed dart 36a and terminates in an integral guide flange 37.
- the latter extends laterally in opposite direction to provide a pair of U-shaped guides confining the adjacent sides respectively of the rocker arms 11 and 12.
- the laterad ends of the guide flange 37 comprise restraints 38 in sliding bearing engagement with the corresponding sides of the rocker arms 11 and 12.
- the push rods 21 converge upwardly towards their 'ball and socket engagements with their respective rocker arms 11 and 12, and in cooperation with the springs 32 exert continuous forces tending to rotate the rocker arm 11 counterclockwise and the rocker arm 12 clockwise in FIGURE 2 about the axes of their respective studs 15. Accordingly, upon axial reciprocating movement of the push rods 21 in accordance with conventional operation of the engine, the rocker arms 11 and 12 are povital about generally horizontal axes intermediate their ends and transverse to the axes of the studs respectively soas to impart a corresponding reciprocation to the valves 27. t
- the restraints 38 preferably engage the longer valve stem engaging arms of the rocker arms 11 and 12, rather than the latters shorter push rod engaging arms, so that the effect on the angular alignment between the bearing portions and valve stem 26 about the axes of the studs 15 resulting from slight wearing of the rocker arm sidewalls in contact with the restraints 38 is not magnified, Also in accordance with the oblique arrangement of the push rods 21, adequate space is provided between tappets 23 for the cylinder bore and connecting rod bearings, whereas the upper ends of the rods 21 are comparatively closely spaced to minimize the distance between the studs 15 and the width of the rocker arm guide 34.
- rocker mounting means for pivotally mounting said rocker arm on a fixed portion of said engine for pivotal movement about (1) a first axis for operating said valve and about (2) a second axis transverse to said first axis,
- rocker arm actuating means adapted to be operated by said engine for reciprocating said rocker arm about said first axis including (1) reciprocating means engaging said rocker arm to exert a force thereagainst oblique to both of said axes tending to pivot said rocker arm in one direction about said second axis, and
- said actuating means including means urging said rocker arm in said one direction about said second axis into sliding engagement with said guide means at all times throughout the reciprocation of said rocker arm.
- said mounting means including stud means for securing both said rocker arm and guide means to said fixed portion of said engine at the same location.
- said rocker arm having a driven end and a valve operating end, said pivot axes being between said ends, said reciprocating means engaging said driven end to exert said force thereagainst, and said valve operating end having means adapted to be operably coupled with said valve for operating the same upon reciprocation of said rocker arm about said first axis, and said guide means having a restraining portion slidably engaging said rocker arm adjacent said valve operating end to block said pivoting in said one direction about said second axis.
- valve operating rocker arm pivotal about (1) a first pivot axis for operating a valve of said engine and pivotal about (2) a second pivot axis transverse to said first axis
- an engine operated rocker arm actuating means for reciprocating said rocker arm about said first axis including (1) a push rod reciprocable in opposite directions oblique to both of said axes and engaging said rocker arm to urge pivoting thereof in one direction about said second axis,
- a stud extending coaxially with said second axis through aligned apertures in said guide and rocker arm and into said fixed portion of said engine, and also comprising (2) portions cooperable with said rocker arm to enable pivoting thereof about both of said axes.
- said push rod engaging said rocker arm at one end thereof, the opposite end of said rocker arm having means operably coupled with a valve of said engine for operating said valve upon reciprocation of said rocker arm about said first axis, said guide having a restraining portion slidably engaging said racker arm adjacent said opposite end to block said pivoting in said one direction about said second axls.
- said push rod extending in its oblique direction of reciprocation into engagement with said one end of said rocker arm, and means continuously urging said rocker arm pivotally about said first axis into engagement with said push rod to effect a continuous reaction force directed in said oblique direction tending to urge pivoting of said rocker arm in said one direction about said second axis to maintain said rocker arm continuously in contact with said restraining portion throughout the reciprocating movement of said rocker arm.
- said engine having an inlet valve and an exhaust valve, said rocker arm being associated with one of said valves to operate the same, a second rocker arm and actuating means therefor similar to the first-named rocker arm and actuating means and associated with the other of said valves to operate the same, said two rocker arms extending generally in side-by-side arrangement
- said guide comprising a unitary structure having a base spanning the distance between said rocker arms and having a portion extending from said base to a pair of restraining portions slidably engaging said two rocker arms respectively to prevent the pivoting of the engaged rocker arm in its respective one direction about its respective second axis, said base having the aperture therein through which said stud passes into said fixed portion of said engine, and said mounting means also securing said second rocker arm to said fixed portion and including a second stud associated with the second rocker arm and extending coaxially with the latters second pivot axis through aligned apertures in said base and second rocker arm and into
- the two push rods of the two actuating means converging in the directions of their extension toward their engagements with their respective rocker arms.
- each of the rocker arms having means at the opposite side of said line operably coupled with its associated valve for op- References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Leach 123-90 Fedak 123-90 Sampietro 123-90 Gropp 123-90 Sampietro 123-19 Sampietro 123-90 Ball 123-90 Nance 123-90 Keinath 123-59 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Description
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US597623A US3401678A (en) | 1966-11-29 | 1966-11-29 | Rocker arm guide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US597623A US3401678A (en) | 1966-11-29 | 1966-11-29 | Rocker arm guide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3401678A true US3401678A (en) | 1968-09-17 |
Family
ID=24392270
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US597623A Expired - Lifetime US3401678A (en) | 1966-11-29 | 1966-11-29 | Rocker arm guide |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3401678A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4081109A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1978-03-28 | Irl Daffin Associates, Inc. | Hammer system for cement meter |
US4517935A (en) * | 1983-02-23 | 1985-05-21 | Pomfret Colin T | Device for transmitting movement |
JPS60190904U (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-18 | スズキ株式会社 | Rocker arm control device for hydraulic tappet device |
US4653441A (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-03-31 | Navistar International Corporation | Engine rocker arm assembly |
US4765290A (en) * | 1986-06-25 | 1988-08-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve actuating device of internal combustion engine |
US4856467A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-08-15 | Tecumseh Products Company | Adjustable lash valve train for overhead valve engine |
JPH024904U (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1990-01-12 | ||
US20040040526A1 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2004-03-04 | Jesel Daniel H. | Roller rocker mounting mechanism |
DE102012012661A1 (en) * | 2012-06-23 | 2013-12-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Adjustable valve controller for continuous or gradual changing of e.g. valve control time in range from low rotational speeds upto high rotational speeds of internal combustion engine, has arm rotatably mounted around longitudinal axis |
WO2019103733A1 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | Cummins Inc. | Mechanical retention member for valvetrain components |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2902014A (en) * | 1954-06-01 | 1959-09-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve actuating mechanism for engines |
US2955581A (en) * | 1959-06-19 | 1960-10-11 | Fedak Elmer | Valve rocker arm guide |
GB866872A (en) * | 1959-08-15 | 1961-05-03 | Austin Motor Co Ltd | Improvements relating to overhead valve mechanism for internal combustion engines |
US3045658A (en) * | 1959-12-08 | 1962-07-24 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Valve operating mechanism |
US3082755A (en) * | 1960-12-07 | 1963-03-26 | Ford Motor Co | Valve gear |
US3094977A (en) * | 1960-11-07 | 1963-06-25 | Achilles C Sampietro | Cylinder head assemblies for spark ignition internal combustion engines |
US3112740A (en) * | 1961-09-28 | 1963-12-03 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Valve rocker arm with cylindrical support |
US3198183A (en) * | 1964-02-21 | 1965-08-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Stud type rocker arm mounting |
US3270727A (en) * | 1965-11-29 | 1966-09-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve rocker arm mounting |
US3276438A (en) * | 1964-01-31 | 1966-10-04 | Gen Motors Corp | Internal combustion engine valving arrangement |
-
1966
- 1966-11-29 US US597623A patent/US3401678A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2902014A (en) * | 1954-06-01 | 1959-09-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve actuating mechanism for engines |
US2955581A (en) * | 1959-06-19 | 1960-10-11 | Fedak Elmer | Valve rocker arm guide |
GB866872A (en) * | 1959-08-15 | 1961-05-03 | Austin Motor Co Ltd | Improvements relating to overhead valve mechanism for internal combustion engines |
US3045658A (en) * | 1959-12-08 | 1962-07-24 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Valve operating mechanism |
US3094977A (en) * | 1960-11-07 | 1963-06-25 | Achilles C Sampietro | Cylinder head assemblies for spark ignition internal combustion engines |
US3082755A (en) * | 1960-12-07 | 1963-03-26 | Ford Motor Co | Valve gear |
US3112740A (en) * | 1961-09-28 | 1963-12-03 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Valve rocker arm with cylindrical support |
US3276438A (en) * | 1964-01-31 | 1966-10-04 | Gen Motors Corp | Internal combustion engine valving arrangement |
US3198183A (en) * | 1964-02-21 | 1965-08-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Stud type rocker arm mounting |
US3270727A (en) * | 1965-11-29 | 1966-09-06 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve rocker arm mounting |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4081109A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1978-03-28 | Irl Daffin Associates, Inc. | Hammer system for cement meter |
US4517935A (en) * | 1983-02-23 | 1985-05-21 | Pomfret Colin T | Device for transmitting movement |
JPH0352967Y2 (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1991-11-19 | ||
JPS60190904U (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1985-12-18 | スズキ株式会社 | Rocker arm control device for hydraulic tappet device |
US4653441A (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-03-31 | Navistar International Corporation | Engine rocker arm assembly |
US4765290A (en) * | 1986-06-25 | 1988-08-23 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Valve actuating device of internal combustion engine |
US4856467A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-08-15 | Tecumseh Products Company | Adjustable lash valve train for overhead valve engine |
JPH024904U (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1990-01-12 | ||
US20040040526A1 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2004-03-04 | Jesel Daniel H. | Roller rocker mounting mechanism |
US7028653B2 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2006-04-18 | Jesel Daniel H | Roller rocker mounting mechanism |
DE102012012661A1 (en) * | 2012-06-23 | 2013-12-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Adjustable valve controller for continuous or gradual changing of e.g. valve control time in range from low rotational speeds upto high rotational speeds of internal combustion engine, has arm rotatably mounted around longitudinal axis |
WO2019103733A1 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-05-31 | Cummins Inc. | Mechanical retention member for valvetrain components |
US11028737B2 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2021-06-08 | Cummins Inc. | Mechanical retention member for valvetrain components |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, 765 BROAD ST., NEWAR Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003832/0358 Effective date: 19810209 Owner name: FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE,NEW JERSEY Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003832/0358 Effective date: 19810209 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CHRYSLER CORPORATION, HIGHLAND PARK, MI 12000 LYNN Free format text: ASSIGNORS HEREBY REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID INVENTIONS AND RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:FIDELITY UNION BANK;ARNEBECK, WILLIAM, INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE;REEL/FRAME:004063/0604 Effective date: 19820217 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CHRYSLER CORPORATION Free format text: PARTES REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID PATENTS ALSO RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MANUFACTURERS NATIONAL BANK OF DETROIL (CORPORATE TRUSTEE) AND BLACK DONALD E., (INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE);REEL/FRAME:004355/0154 Effective date: 19840905 |