US3399619A - Type arrangement in endless band line printers - Google Patents

Type arrangement in endless band line printers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3399619A
US3399619A US580411A US58041166A US3399619A US 3399619 A US3399619 A US 3399619A US 580411 A US580411 A US 580411A US 58041166 A US58041166 A US 58041166A US 3399619 A US3399619 A US 3399619A
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type
elements
character
characters
printing
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US580411A
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Jr John C Sims
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Mohawk Data Sciences Corp
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Mohawk Data Sciences Corp
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Priority to US580411A priority Critical patent/US3399619A/en
Priority to GB37640/67A priority patent/GB1181735A/en
Priority to DE19671549674 priority patent/DE1549674A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J1/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies
    • B41J1/20—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement or disposition of the types or dies with types or dies mounted on endless bands or the like

Definitions

  • a type carrier for an on-the-fly printer includes a plurality of non-connected, abutting type slugs moving at a constant velocity about a closed path defined by a pair of parallel rails and two rotatable pulleys having peripheral surfaces tangent to the ends of the rails.
  • Each type slug is provided with a longitudinal groove on a side of the slug opposite the side which contacts the path and a resilient band encircles the path through the slug grooves to hold the slugs in place.
  • the pulleys are provided with teeth and one of the pulleys is driven to propel the slugs, which have mating teeth, along the path.
  • This invention relates to printing and, in particular, to line-by-line printers of the type employing a sequence of type characters which are continuously moved past a line that is to be printed, where printing is accomplished by actuation of transducers, such as hammers, when the type characters are appropriately positioned.
  • Line printers of this type often employ a closed chain of type which is moved around a loop and past the line to be printed. Consequently, changing character types is relatively complicated, requiring that the chain be removed and dismantled.
  • This disadvantage is partially overcome by using a train of loose type elements which travel between constraining tracks or within a slot. In this case, however, the mechanism containing the type elements is relatively complex.
  • loose type elements are maintained against a type race by tension with a loop of spring. In this simple manner, the type elements are constrained to movement along the path defined by the type race and replacement or reordering of type elements can be accomplished by merely stretching the spring.
  • each type element is supported on each type element to reduce the number of type elements required and to enable the use of more manageable (larger) type elements while retaining closely-spaced type characters.
  • a further advantage is gained by the unique location of the type characters on the type elements.
  • the type characters are located on the outer surface of the loop; that is, the surfaces of the type characters are perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Since it is generally desirable to pass the document to be printed in the upward and backward direction past the printing mechanism to permit the document to be read immediately after printing, the train of type lies in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the document, with the result that the printer is inherently bulky.
  • This disadvantage is overcome in the present invention by placing the type characters on an edge of the type elements; that is, the surface of the type characters is essentially parallel to the plane of the loop. As a result, the plane of the loop is essentially parallel to the plane of the document, reducing the physical size of the printer.
  • FIGURE 1 is a functional design of the inventive printer showing, in particular, the preferred configuration of the type elements.
  • FIGURE 2 is a detailed drawing showing a type element.
  • a document 2 is incrementally moved upward, one line at a time to be printed.
  • Printing is accomplished by forcing the document against type characters by the use of printing transducers 4, such as hammers, under the control of a hammer drive assembly 6.
  • An inked ribbon is located between the document and the type elements, but is not shown for simplicity.
  • the type characters are raised on the rear surfaces of type elements 8 and are continuously moved past the line of printing transducers.
  • each type element 8 contains two fiat surfaces 12 separated by a groove 14.
  • the type characters are supported on a surface 16 which is parallel to the length of the groove 14 and which extends in essentially the same direction as the depth of the groove.
  • the type-character sup-porting surface 16 is slanted slightly (as shown in FIG. 2) to permit the document 2 (FIG. 1) to approach the printing region from below and slightly behind the printing mechanism for convenience of construction.
  • Each type element also contains a drive surface 18 (FIG. 2) containing teeth 20.
  • the type elements 8 are maintained in a type race with the configuration of a closed loop or path, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the type race consists of an idler pulley 22, a drive pulley 24, and two straight sections of track 26, 28.
  • the pulleys and tracks are shaped to loosely conform to the shape of the type elements; that is, the pulleys and tracks are grooved to conform with the under section of the type elements and the outer rear surface of the pulleys and tracks are slanted to conform with the slope of the type-element supporting surface 16.
  • the type elements 8 are maintained in the type race by a loop of curled spring 30 of the type generally used to drive the take-up reels in motion picture projectors.
  • the spring 30 engages the grooved portions of the type elements as shown in FIG. 2.
  • type elements can be replaced or rearranged in the type race.
  • the type elements are driven around the type race at a substantially constant speed by a drive gear 31 mounted on drive pulley 24-.
  • a motor 34 provides continuous rotation to the drive gear which, in turn, coacts with the teeth 20 (FIG. 2) on the type elements.
  • the direction of rotation of the drive pulley 24 (counterclockwise in FIG 1) is selected to push the type elements along the printing line to avoid slack between the type elements.
  • the printing transducers 4 are selectively actuated at appropriate times as the type characters pass the document line. While a separate transducer is shown for each character position along the line to be printed, a lesser number of transducers can obviously be used in conjunction with various techniques that are known in the art, such as lateral paper shifting or double-width transducers with spaced character types.
  • the actuation of the transducers is controlled by the hammer driver assembly 6 which, in turn, is controlled by the output of a comparator 36 and a timing unit 38, according to well-known techniques that are used in conventional chain or train printers.
  • the timing circuit 38 receives data which depends upon the position of the character types in the type race as the printing mechanism is in operation. This timing data can be received in coded form in parallel by magnetic, optic or other techniques, or can be developed by the timing circuit from a sequence of timing pulses.
  • a timing gear 32 is mounted at the center of track 26 and is driven by the teeth on the type elements.
  • the timing gear contains radial, magnetically-sensible markings 40, which are spaced apart to coincide with the spacing between character types on the character elements 8. (Obviously, a lesser number of markings 40 can be used in conjunction with an oscillator or other timing pulse generator to provide intermediate timing data.)
  • the markings 40 are magnetically secured by a transducer 42 to supply signals to the timing circuit 38. Since the timing gear is centered along the printing line, irregularities in the dimensions of the type elements cause a minimum of timing error.
  • the comparator 36 receives applied data indicative of the characters to be printed and timing data indicative of the positions of the character types. As a result of comparisons, signals are supplied to the hammer driver assembly 6 to actuate the appropriate hammers. Signals from the timing circuit 38 are also applied to the hammer driver assembly to control the selection of the appropriate hammers for actuation.
  • the character types 10 are spaced slightly farther apart than are the character positions (columns) on the document. This produces the well-known Doppler effect, wherein the character types are aligned with the character positions on the document in sequence, rather than all at one time. In this manner, sequential comparison with a single comparator is possible, reducing the complexity and expense of the hammer control system.
  • the character types can alternatively be spaced slightly closer together than the character positions to permit similar advantages.
  • a printer for presenting characters along a printing line on a surface of a document comprising in combination:
  • a sequence of type elements mounted for travel around a closed track having a straight section adjacent to the printing line on the document and having a return section, both said sections lying in a common plane that is substantially parallel to the surface of the document, each type element containing at least one raised type character on an edge of the element that is essentially parallel to the plane of the track, the type elements and type characters being movable along the straight section of the track adjacent to the printing line and then back along the return section of the track;
  • transducer arranged to force a document against a type character to effect printing when the transducer is actuated
  • transducer control means responsive to applied data and to the position of the type elements in the track to actuate the transducer to print a predetermined character.
  • each type element contains a plurality of type characters.
  • a type carrier for an on-the-fiy printer comprising, in combination:
  • each said member supporting at least one type character and having a grooved recess on a side opposite a side of said member which contacts said support means;
  • said rails and pulleys are provided with a continuous central groove and wherein said type members are shaped substantially in the form of a W, the central point thereof being adapted to reside in said central groove and to define said band receiving grooved recess and one of the outer legs thereof being adapted to support said type character.
  • a hammer mounted adjacent said type carrier and spaced apart therefrom by an amount suflicient to admit a record medium
  • actuating means operating in timed relation with the movement of said type members to drive said hammer against said record medium to force the latter against a selected one of said type characters whereby an impression of said character is formed on said record medium.

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  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)

Description

Sept. 3, 1
8 J. c. SIMS, JR
TYPE ARRANGEMENT IN ENDLESS BAND LINE PRINTERS Filed Sept. 19, 1966 APPLIED DATA COMPARATOR oooooooooooooooooooooo (3 E E y.
*1 3 o E o OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO INVENTOR JOHN C. SIMS, JR.
TORNEY United States Patent 3,399,619 TYPE ARRANGEMENT IN ENDLESS BAND LINE PRINTERS John C. Sims, .lr., Sudbury, Mass, assignor to Mohawk Data Sciences Corporation, East Herkimer, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Sept. 19, 1966, Ser. No. 580,411 15 Claims. (Cl. 10193) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A type carrier for an on-the-fly printer includes a plurality of non-connected, abutting type slugs moving at a constant velocity about a closed path defined by a pair of parallel rails and two rotatable pulleys having peripheral surfaces tangent to the ends of the rails. Each type slug is provided with a longitudinal groove on a side of the slug opposite the side which contacts the path and a resilient band encircles the path through the slug grooves to hold the slugs in place. The pulleys are provided with teeth and one of the pulleys is driven to propel the slugs, which have mating teeth, along the path.
This invention relates to printing and, in particular, to line-by-line printers of the type employing a sequence of type characters which are continuously moved past a line that is to be printed, where printing is accomplished by actuation of transducers, such as hammers, when the type characters are appropriately positioned.
Line printers of this type often employ a closed chain of type which is moved around a loop and past the line to be printed. Consequently, changing character types is relatively complicated, requiring that the chain be removed and dismantled. This disadvantage is partially overcome by using a train of loose type elements which travel between constraining tracks or within a slot. In this case, however, the mechanism containing the type elements is relatively complex. In the present invention, loose type elements are maintained against a type race by tension with a loop of spring. In this simple manner, the type elements are constrained to movement along the path defined by the type race and replacement or reordering of type elements can be accomplished by merely stretching the spring.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, several type characters are supported on each type element to reduce the number of type elements required and to enable the use of more manageable (larger) type elements while retaining closely-spaced type characters.
A further advantage is gained by the unique location of the type characters on the type elements. In printers of this general form, the type characters are located on the outer surface of the loop; that is, the surfaces of the type characters are perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Since it is generally desirable to pass the document to be printed in the upward and backward direction past the printing mechanism to permit the document to be read immediately after printing, the train of type lies in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the document, with the result that the printer is inherently bulky. This disadvantage is overcome in the present invention by placing the type characters on an edge of the type elements; that is, the surface of the type characters is essentially parallel to the plane of the loop. As a result, the plane of the loop is essentially parallel to the plane of the document, reducing the physical size of the printer.
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3,399,619 Patented Sept. 3, 1968 In the drawings:
FIGURE 1 is a functional design of the inventive printer showing, in particular, the preferred configuration of the type elements.
FIGURE 2 is a detailed drawing showing a type element.
As shown in FIG. 1, a document 2 is incrementally moved upward, one line at a time to be printed. Printing is accomplished by forcing the document against type characters by the use of printing transducers 4, such as hammers, under the control of a hammer drive assembly 6. An inked ribbon is located between the document and the type elements, but is not shown for simplicity. The type characters are raised on the rear surfaces of type elements 8 and are continuously moved past the line of printing transducers.
As shown in greater detail in FIG. 2, several raised type characters 10 are supported on each type element 8. The type elements contain two fiat surfaces 12 separated by a groove 14. The type characters are supported on a surface 16 which is parallel to the length of the groove 14 and which extends in essentially the same direction as the depth of the groove. Actually, the type-character sup-porting surface 16 is slanted slightly (as shown in FIG. 2) to permit the document 2 (FIG. 1) to approach the printing region from below and slightly behind the printing mechanism for convenience of construction. Each type element also contains a drive surface 18 (FIG. 2) containing teeth 20.
The type elements 8 are maintained in a type race with the configuration of a closed loop or path, as shown in FIG. 1. The type race consists of an idler pulley 22, a drive pulley 24, and two straight sections of track 26, 28. The pulleys and tracks are shaped to loosely conform to the shape of the type elements; that is, the pulleys and tracks are grooved to conform with the under section of the type elements and the outer rear surface of the pulleys and tracks are slanted to conform with the slope of the type-element supporting surface 16.
The type elements 8 are maintained in the type race by a loop of curled spring 30 of the type generally used to drive the take-up reels in motion picture projectors. The spring 30 engages the grooved portions of the type elements as shown in FIG. 2. Thus, by merely stretching the spring slightly, type elements can be replaced or rearranged in the type race.
The type elements are driven around the type race at a substantially constant speed by a drive gear 31 mounted on drive pulley 24-. A motor 34 provides continuous rotation to the drive gear which, in turn, coacts with the teeth 20 (FIG. 2) on the type elements. The direction of rotation of the drive pulley 24 (counterclockwise in FIG 1) is selected to push the type elements along the printing line to avoid slack between the type elements.
The printing transducers 4 are selectively actuated at appropriate times as the type characters pass the document line. While a separate transducer is shown for each character position along the line to be printed, a lesser number of transducers can obviously be used in conjunction with various techniques that are known in the art, such as lateral paper shifting or double-width transducers with spaced character types. The actuation of the transducers is controlled by the hammer driver assembly 6 which, in turn, is controlled by the output of a comparator 36 and a timing unit 38, according to well-known techniques that are used in conventional chain or train printers. The timing circuit 38 receives data which depends upon the position of the character types in the type race as the printing mechanism is in operation. This timing data can be received in coded form in parallel by magnetic, optic or other techniques, or can be developed by the timing circuit from a sequence of timing pulses. The
latter technique is preferred as it reduces the complexity of the required sensing mechanism. As shown in FIG. 1, a timing gear 32 is mounted at the center of track 26 and is driven by the teeth on the type elements. The timing gear contains radial, magnetically-sensible markings 40, which are spaced apart to coincide with the spacing between character types on the character elements 8. (Obviously, a lesser number of markings 40 can be used in conjunction with an oscillator or other timing pulse generator to provide intermediate timing data.) The markings 40 are magnetically secured by a transducer 42 to supply signals to the timing circuit 38. Since the timing gear is centered along the printing line, irregularities in the dimensions of the type elements cause a minimum of timing error. Overall synchronization is accomplished by another magnetic transducer 44 which senses a single marking which is placed on only one of the type elements 8 for each complete type font. In the preferable case, where several fonts of type are present around the type race, this synchronizing markin-g is present on a corresponding type element in each font (e.g. the first type element in each font).
The comparator 36 receives applied data indicative of the characters to be printed and timing data indicative of the positions of the character types. As a result of comparisons, signals are supplied to the hammer driver assembly 6 to actuate the appropriate hammers. Signals from the timing circuit 38 are also applied to the hammer driver assembly to control the selection of the appropriate hammers for actuation.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the character types 10 (FIG. 2) are spaced slightly farther apart than are the character positions (columns) on the document. This produces the well-known Doppler effect, wherein the character types are aligned with the character positions on the document in sequence, rather than all at one time. In this manner, sequential comparison with a single comparator is possible, reducing the complexity and expense of the hammer control system. Obviously, the character types can alternatively be spaced slightly closer together than the character positions to permit similar advantages.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
l. A printer for presenting characters along a printing line on a surface of a document, comprising in combination:
a sequence of type elements mounted for travel around a closed track having a straight section adjacent to the printing line on the document and having a return section, both said sections lying in a common plane that is substantially parallel to the surface of the document, each type element containing at least one raised type character on an edge of the element that is essentially parallel to the plane of the track, the type elements and type characters being movable along the straight section of the track adjacent to the printing line and then back along the return section of the track;
means for providing substantially constant movement of the type elements around the track;
at least one transducer arranged to force a document against a type character to effect printing when the transducer is actuated; and
transducer control means responsive to applied data and to the position of the type elements in the track to actuate the transducer to print a predetermined character.
2. The device described in claim 1, wherein a plurality of transducers are employed, one for each of a plurality of character positions along a printing line.
3. The device described in claim 2, wherein a separate transducer corresponds to each character position along a printing line.
4. The device described in claim 1, wherein the type elements are arranged in a track without being physically connected to their neighboring type elements.
5. The device described in claim 4, wherein the track rigidly defines the closed path of travel and wherein the type elements are maintained against the track by a flexible member.
6. The device described in claim 1, wherein each type element contains a plurality of type characters.
7. The device described in claim 1, wherein the position of the type elements in the path is determined by magnetic sensing means.
8. A type carrier for an on-the-fiy printer, comprising, in combination:
support means defining a closed path;
a plurality of type members adapted to move along said path, each said member supporting at least one type character and having a grooved recess on a side opposite a side of said member which contacts said support means;
a band encircling said path in the grooves of said type members whereby said members are maintained in contact with said support means; and
means for propelling said members along said path.
9. The type carrier set forth in claim 8 wherein said support means comprises:
a pair of parallel rails; and
a pair of rotatable pulleys mounted between the ends of said rails, said pulleys having peripheral surfaces substantially tangent to outer surfaces of said rails.
10. The type carrier set forth in claim 9 wherein said propelling means comprises:
motor means for rotating at least one of said pulleys.
11. The type carrier set forth in claim 9 wherein:
said rails and pulleys are provided with a continuous central groove and wherein said type members are shaped substantially in the form of a W, the central point thereof being adapted to reside in said central groove and to define said band receiving grooved recess and one of the outer legs thereof being adapted to support said type character.
12. The type carrier set forth in claim 10 wherein said type members are provided with teeth and said pulleys are provided with mating drive teeth, whereby said type members are positively propelled along said path.
13. The type carrier set forth in claim 8 wherein said type members are in abutting relationship with one another whereby each is propelled along said path by the pushing force exerted by the adjacent member.
14. The type carrier set forth in claim 8 wherein said band is made of elastic material.
15. The combination set forth in claim 8, further comprising:
a hammer mounted adjacent said type carrier and spaced apart therefrom by an amount suflicient to admit a record medium; and
actuating means operating in timed relation with the movement of said type members to drive said hammer against said record medium to force the latter against a selected one of said type characters whereby an impression of said character is formed on said record medium.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,617,876 2/1927 Swanson 101-377 X 2,902,930 9/ 1959 Hurlbut 101-381 2,936,704 5/ 1960 Hense 101-93 3,049,990 8/ 1962 Brown et al 101-93 3,117,514 1/1964 Doersam 101-93 3,224,366 12/1965 Cunningham 101-111 X WILLIAM B. PENN, Primary Examiner.
US580411A 1966-09-19 1966-09-19 Type arrangement in endless band line printers Expired - Lifetime US3399619A (en)

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US580411A US3399619A (en) 1966-09-19 1966-09-19 Type arrangement in endless band line printers
GB37640/67A GB1181735A (en) 1966-09-19 1967-08-16 Selective Printers
DE19671549674 DE1549674A1 (en) 1966-09-19 1967-09-12 Printing device

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3504622A (en) * 1968-09-13 1970-04-07 Ralph Morrison Print wheel setting and detenting means with electrical controls therefor
US3557693A (en) * 1967-09-27 1971-01-26 Siemens Ag Type carrier for printers and the like
US3577913A (en) * 1969-07-24 1971-05-11 Burroughs Corp Type carrier device
US3611922A (en) * 1969-08-28 1971-10-12 Mohawk Data Sciences Corp Front printer
US3633501A (en) * 1969-09-30 1972-01-11 Mohawk Data Sciences Corp Print slug mounting means in type chain assembly
US3697958A (en) * 1969-12-23 1972-10-10 Gen Electric Font selecting system
US4006680A (en) * 1976-03-19 1977-02-08 Grace Jr Louis Type carrier belt for a printer

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1617876A (en) * 1923-11-08 1927-02-15 Cummins Perforator Company Adjustable type carrier
US2902930A (en) * 1957-02-14 1959-09-08 Douglas H Hurlbut Method and apparatus for aligning and retaining type and the like for printing
US2936704A (en) * 1958-01-21 1960-05-17 Olympia Werke Ag High speed printing apparatus
US3049990A (en) * 1960-12-20 1962-08-21 Ibm Print hammer actuator
US3117514A (en) * 1961-04-26 1964-01-14 Potter Instrument Co Inc Single disc printer control
US3224366A (en) * 1963-03-28 1965-12-21 Ibm Type carrier device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1617876A (en) * 1923-11-08 1927-02-15 Cummins Perforator Company Adjustable type carrier
US2902930A (en) * 1957-02-14 1959-09-08 Douglas H Hurlbut Method and apparatus for aligning and retaining type and the like for printing
US2936704A (en) * 1958-01-21 1960-05-17 Olympia Werke Ag High speed printing apparatus
US3049990A (en) * 1960-12-20 1962-08-21 Ibm Print hammer actuator
US3117514A (en) * 1961-04-26 1964-01-14 Potter Instrument Co Inc Single disc printer control
US3224366A (en) * 1963-03-28 1965-12-21 Ibm Type carrier device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3557693A (en) * 1967-09-27 1971-01-26 Siemens Ag Type carrier for printers and the like
US3504622A (en) * 1968-09-13 1970-04-07 Ralph Morrison Print wheel setting and detenting means with electrical controls therefor
US3577913A (en) * 1969-07-24 1971-05-11 Burroughs Corp Type carrier device
US3611922A (en) * 1969-08-28 1971-10-12 Mohawk Data Sciences Corp Front printer
US3633501A (en) * 1969-09-30 1972-01-11 Mohawk Data Sciences Corp Print slug mounting means in type chain assembly
US3697958A (en) * 1969-12-23 1972-10-10 Gen Electric Font selecting system
US4006680A (en) * 1976-03-19 1977-02-08 Grace Jr Louis Type carrier belt for a printer

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GB1181735A (en) 1970-02-18
DE1549674A1 (en) 1971-04-08

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