US3375077A - Storage of bromine - Google Patents

Storage of bromine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3375077A
US3375077A US382339A US38233964A US3375077A US 3375077 A US3375077 A US 3375077A US 382339 A US382339 A US 382339A US 38233964 A US38233964 A US 38233964A US 3375077 A US3375077 A US 3375077A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bromine
containers
nitrogen oxide
stainless steel
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US382339A
Inventor
Bloch Moshe Rudolf
Schnerb Isaac
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mifalei Yam Hamelah
Original Assignee
Mifalei Yam Hamelah
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mifalei Yam Hamelah filed Critical Mifalei Yam Hamelah
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3375077A publication Critical patent/US3375077A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/09—Bromine; Hydrogen bromide
    • C01B7/096—Bromine

Definitions

  • bromine is conventionally stored and transported in glass or glass-lined containers, lead or leadlined containers or Monel (trade name for an alloy containing approximately 67% by weight of nickel, 28% by weight of copper and by weight of other elements, mainly iron and manganese) containers.
  • lead or leadlined containers or Monel trade name for an alloy containing approximately 67% by weight of nickel, 28% by weight of copper and by weight of other elements, mainly iron and manganese
  • the invention consists in a method for the storage of bromine wherein the bromine is introduced into a stainless steel container in admixture with a nitrogen oxide.
  • the stainless steel may be, for example, chromium steel, nickel steel or molybdenum steel. If desired, the stainless steel container may comprise lead fixtures.
  • nitrogen oxides can be used such as NO, N 0, N0 N 0 and the like. It is also possible to use mixtures of two or more of these gases.
  • the quantity of nitrogen oxide may vary. In many cases it will be very small, e.g. below 0.1% by weight of the bromine. In other cases a larger quantity of nitrogen oxide may be desirable.
  • nitrogen oxide gas e.g. N0 can be absorbed by bromine, by bubbling N0 gas through bromine.
  • the storage method according to the invention By the storage method according to the invention the above listed disadvantages of the conventional methods are overcome.
  • the use of stainless steel has the advantage that owing to the good heat conductivity of the steel the bromine in the containers can easily be cooled if and when necessary.
  • moist bromine can also be stored, which is impossible with Monel containers where the stored bromine has to be absolutely dry.
  • the stainless steel containers on the outside with a material resistant to bromine, e.g. lead or silver.
  • a material resistant to bromine e.g. lead or silver.
  • Such splashes may be noxious to the uncoated container even Where the splashed bromine originally contained a nitrogen oxide, since once the bromine is splashed on the surface, the gaseous nitrogen oxide is liable to evaporate.
  • the splashed bromine may not contain any nitrogen oxide from the outset.
  • Example 1 Bromine, free from organic matter and hydrobromic acid, is intensively mixed with 1% by weight (calculated on bromine) of fuming nitric acid. The excess nitric acid is allowed to separate from the bromine and is removed whereafter the bromine contains about 0.06% N0 and is suitable for storage in stainless steel containers.
  • Example 2 Bromine, free from organic matter and hydrobromic acid, is intensively mixed with 0.5% by weight (calculated on bromine) of turning nitric acid. Without separating the bromine from the acid, the acid containing bromine can now be stored in stainless steel containers without causing any damage to the containers.
  • Example 3 Nitrogen-dioxide (N0 is introduced into bromine by bubbling NO -gas through the bromine.
  • the bromine, treated in this way, can be stored in stainless steel containers without causing any damage.
  • the container is from a steel selected from the group of chr0- mium steel, nickel steel and molybdenum steel.
  • MORRIS O. WOLK Primary Examiner.
  • B. S. RICHMAN Assistant Examiner.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 9 Claims. (c1. 23216) The present invention concerns a method for the torage of elementary bromine.
Because of its high corrosive effect on metals and metal alloys, bromine is conventionally stored and transported in glass or glass-lined containers, lead or leadlined containers or Monel (trade name for an alloy containing approximately 67% by weight of nickel, 28% by weight of copper and by weight of other elements, mainly iron and manganese) containers. These methods are not fully satisfactory. Thus, the conventionally used glass or lead containers or containers lined with either glass or lead are heavy so that a very substantial amount of dead weight has to be transported. The Monel containers against this are expensive.
So far it has not been possible to use stainless steel containers for the storage and transportation of bromine although such containers, if used, could have relatively thin walls and would, therefore, have the advantage of being comparatively light and thus constitute less dead weight for transportation. However, because of the high corrosive action of bromine on steel, such containers could so far not be used.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method by which stainless steel containers can be used for the storage and transportation of elementary bromine.
The invention consists in a method for the storage of bromine wherein the bromine is introduced into a stainless steel container in admixture with a nitrogen oxide.
The stainless steel may be, for example, chromium steel, nickel steel or molybdenum steel. If desired, the stainless steel container may comprise lead fixtures.
For the purposes of the present invention various nitrogen oxides can be used such as NO, N 0, N0 N 0 and the like. It is also possible to use mixtures of two or more of these gases.
The quantity of nitrogen oxide may vary. In many cases it will be very small, e.g. below 0.1% by weight of the bromine. In other cases a larger quantity of nitrogen oxide may be desirable. For the introduction of nitrogen oxide into the bromine, it is possible, for example, to contact the bromine intimately with fuming nitric acid. After phase separation, if any, the excess nitric acid is removed and the remaining bromine contains the required amount of nitrogen oxide gases dissolved therein. Alternatively, the nitrogen oxide gas, e.g. N0 can be absorbed by bromine, by bubbling N0 gas through bromine.
Both nitric acid and bromine are known to be highly noxious for steel and it was therefore surprising to find that a solution of nitrogen oxides in elementary bromine is innocuous to stainless steel.
By the storage method according to the invention the above listed disadvantages of the conventional methods are overcome. In addition, the use of stainless steel has the advantage that owing to the good heat conductivity of the steel the bromine in the containers can easily be cooled if and when necessary. Moreover, when proceeding in accordance with the invention moist bromine can also be stored, which is impossible with Monel containers where the stored bromine has to be absolutely dry.
In some cases it may be advantageous to coat the stainless steel containers on the outside with a material resistant to bromine, e.g. lead or silver. In this manner the outside of the container is protected from bromine splashes during filling and emptying. Such splashes may be noxious to the uncoated container even Where the splashed bromine originally contained a nitrogen oxide, since once the bromine is splashed on the surface, the gaseous nitrogen oxide is liable to evaporate. Moreover, when the container is filled or emptied in places where bromine is produced or consumed, the splashed bromine may not contain any nitrogen oxide from the outset.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples to which it is not limited.
Example 1 Bromine, free from organic matter and hydrobromic acid, is intensively mixed with 1% by weight (calculated on bromine) of fuming nitric acid. The excess nitric acid is allowed to separate from the bromine and is removed whereafter the bromine contains about 0.06% N0 and is suitable for storage in stainless steel containers.
Example 2 Bromine, free from organic matter and hydrobromic acid, is intensively mixed with 0.5% by weight (calculated on bromine) of turning nitric acid. Without separating the bromine from the acid, the acid containing bromine can now be stored in stainless steel containers without causing any damage to the containers.
Example 3 Nitrogen-dioxide (N0 is introduced into bromine by bubbling NO -gas through the bromine. The bromine, treated in this way, can be stored in stainless steel containers without causing any damage.
We claim:
1. Method for the storage of bromine wherein the bromine is introduced into a stainless steel container in admixture with a nitrogen oxide.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen oxide is introduced into the bromine by intimately mixing the bromine with fuming nitric acid.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein nitrogen oxide is dissolved in the bromine by bubbling nitrogen oxide gas through the bromine.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bromine is freed of any HBr prior to the introduction of nitrogen oxide.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stainless steel container is fitted with lead fixtures.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stainless steel container is coated on the outside with a material resistant to bromine.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the container is from a steel selected from the group of chr0- mium steel, nickel steel and molybdenum steel.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein an excess of nitric acid is used and the excess acid is removed after phase separation.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein a calculated amount of nitric acid is used so as to produce a bromine solution containing less than 0.1% by weight of nitrogen oxide dissolved in the bromine.
N 0 references cited.
MORRIS O. WOLK, Primary Examiner. B. S. RICHMAN, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (2)

1. METHOD FOR THE STORAGE OF BROMINE WHEREIN THE BROMINE IS INTRODUCED INTO A STAINLESS STEEL CONTAINER IN ADMIXTURE WITH A NITROGEN OXIDE.
2. THE METHOD ACCORDING TO CLAIM 1, WHEREIN THE NITORGEN OXIDE IS INTRODUCED INTO THE BROMINE BY INTIMATELY MIXING THE BROMINE WITH FUMING NITRIC ACID.
US382339A 1963-07-19 1964-07-13 Storage of bromine Expired - Lifetime US3375077A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL1962163 1963-07-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3375077A true US3375077A (en) 1968-03-26

Family

ID=11043261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US382339A Expired - Lifetime US3375077A (en) 1963-07-19 1964-07-13 Storage of bromine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3375077A (en)
GB (1) GB1037704A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3477861A (en) * 1966-12-14 1969-11-11 Standard Oil Co Method for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous alloys
US4148858A (en) * 1976-05-15 1979-04-10 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the protection against corrosion of cast iron boilers
US5589148A (en) * 1994-10-05 1996-12-31 Japan Pionics Co., Ltd. Process for purifying halogen-containing gas
US20040062705A1 (en) * 2002-09-26 2004-04-01 Philippe Leduc Process for lowering the content of organic matter and nitrogenous products contained in bromide-containing effluents

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3477861A (en) * 1966-12-14 1969-11-11 Standard Oil Co Method for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous alloys
US4148858A (en) * 1976-05-15 1979-04-10 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the protection against corrosion of cast iron boilers
US5589148A (en) * 1994-10-05 1996-12-31 Japan Pionics Co., Ltd. Process for purifying halogen-containing gas
US20040062705A1 (en) * 2002-09-26 2004-04-01 Philippe Leduc Process for lowering the content of organic matter and nitrogenous products contained in bromide-containing effluents

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1037704A (en) 1966-08-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Booth Inorganic Syntheses, Volume 1
US2629649A (en) Vapor-phase corrosion inhibitor
Uhlig Electron configuration in alloys and passivity
US3061462A (en) Metallic diffusion processes
FI96519C (en) Method for pickling and cleaning steel materials, especially stainless steel
US3375077A (en) Storage of bromine
Aronsson et al. Borides of ruthenium, osmium and iridium
Howard Jr et al. The persulfate oxidation of sulfoxides in buffered solution. 1 I
US2855286A (en) Process and composition for reducing corrosion of metals
US2989485A (en) Inhibition of metal corrosion
US3147204A (en) Anodic prevention of hydrogen embrittlement of metals
EP0946407A1 (en) Device and method for the storage, transportation and production of active fluorine
Meshri The modern inorganic fluorochemical industry
US3232065A (en) Method and apparatus for storing ozone/oxygen mixtures
US4148858A (en) Process for the protection against corrosion of cast iron boilers
EP0129491B1 (en) Dry-passivating process for finely divided magnesium
US3037622A (en) Hydrogen peroxide stabilization
JP7140672B2 (en) Corrosion protection method for nuclear reactor
US1191291A (en) Metal-pickle and method of pickling.
CA1150736A (en) Stabilisation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons
JPS60166358A (en) Coating composition for prevention of hydrogen absorption
US903752A (en) Process of forming plates for storage batteries.
JP3621637B2 (en) Discoloration suppression method for storage and transport tanks handling crude sulfuric acid and crude phosphoric acid
US3282731A (en) Embrittlement-free pickling of ferrous metal
EP2871258A1 (en) Composition of powder mixture for thermal diffusion galvanizing of products made of aluminum alloys, preparation method thereof and method for thermal diffusion galvanizing of products made of aluminum alloys