US3359935A - Apparatus for securing deformable sheet metal elements - Google Patents
Apparatus for securing deformable sheet metal elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3359935A US3359935A US454293A US45429365A US3359935A US 3359935 A US3359935 A US 3359935A US 454293 A US454293 A US 454293A US 45429365 A US45429365 A US 45429365A US 3359935 A US3359935 A US 3359935A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- anvil
- punch
- base member
- sheet metal
- sleeve
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N ***e Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
- B21D51/383—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures scoring lines, tear strips or pulling tabs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
Definitions
- the metal when the metal is drawn to form the rivet the metal is thinned and stretched causing undesirable weakening in the areas where the thinning is most pronounced. It is also necessary that the forming of the rivet and of the aperture be performed separately and the parts assembled after such forming operations.
- a method of securing one portion of ductile sheet metal to another by superimposing one on the other and clamping them around the area thereof to be secured, creating from the clamped area a substantially frusto-conical formation the sloping sides of which extend across a space formed between rigid walls, and by impact extrusion causing metal from the closed end of the frusto-conical formation to flow into said sloping sides thereby to effect deformation and interlocking thereof in said space.
- One of the sheet metal portions may be the scored removable zone portion of a container member and the other of the sheet metal portions be a part of a pull tab.
- a container member made of deformable sheet metal and including a scored removable portion, and a deformable sheet metal pull tab secured to the scored removable portion by the method set forth above.
- FIGURE 1 is a top plan of a can end constructed in accordance with the invention
- FIGURE 2 is an underneath plan of FIGURE 1,
- FIGURE 3 is a section, to an enlarged scale, on line III-III, FIGURE 1,
- FIGURE 4 is a line drawing made from a microphotograph of two portions of sheet metal secured together by the method and apparatus according to the invention.
- FIGURE 5 is a section illustrating apparatus according to the invent-ion
- FIGURES 6 to 9 illustrate diagrammatically the method of and apparatus for securing a pull tab to the can end shown in FIGURES 1 to 3,
- FIGURE 10 illustrates a modification to the apparatus of FIGURES 6 to 9,
- FIGURE 11 illustrates a modification to a punch sleeve embodied in apparatus according to the invention.
- a container member shown as a can end I of known kind, is made of ductile metal and is provided with a scored removable zone 2 defined, in the usual manner, by a score line 3. It is to be understood that the shape of the scored removable zone may, if desired, be other than that shown in FIGURE 1.
- a pull tab also made of ductile sheet metal, is secured to the scored removable Zone by a method which, in accordance with the invention, does not require that either the said zone or the pull tab be provided with an aperture to facilitate the securing of the one part to the other.
- the pull tab which may be of a shape other than that shown in the drawings, is interlocked with and secured to the scored removable zone by deformation 5 of the sides of a hollow portion 6 closed at one end 7 and formed by overlying portions 8, 9, FIG- URE 3, of the pull tab and the scored removable zone.
- the deformation of the sides of the hollow portion is effected by impact extrusion of the end 7 into the sides of the hollow portion with the result, as can be seen from FIGURES 3 and 4, that the thickness of the top overlying portions 8, 9 is reduced from the starting thickness thereof.
- FIGURES 6 to 9 The method of securing the pull tab 4 to the scored removable Zone 2 is illustrated in FIGURES 6 to 9.
- a flat part of the scored removable zone 2 is laid on the face of a base member '10 supported for restricted movement against the action of a spring or springs S indicated diagrammatically in FIGURES 6 and 7, and a flat part of from the base member 10 and when the scored removable zone 2 and pull tab 4 are in position on the base member, FIGURE 6, the punch sleeve 11 is moved downward to clamp the scored removable zone and pull tab against the base member, "FIGURE 7.
- a stationary anvil 12 co-axial with a punch 13 housed in the punch sleeve 11 is associated with the base member If) and has a head 14 which is of lesser diameter than that of the punch 13 and is tapered, FIGURES 6 to 9, in a manner such as to preserve the largest possible top area together with the sharpest possible incline.
- the head 14 In the starting position of the apparatus the head 14 does not project beyond the face of the base member but when the punch sleeve 11 and punch 13 engage the upper face of the two superimposed pieces of metal, FIGURE 7, the resilient loading, shown as springs S1, FIGURE 5, of the punch sleeve 11 reacts against the spring-loading S of the base member 10.
- the springs S1 for the punch sleeve 11 are stronger than the springs S and the base member 10 is forced to retract, FIGURES 8 and 9.
- the metal portions clamped around between the base member 10 and the punch sleeve 11 are thus deformed about the frusto-conical head 14 of the anvil and the sloping sides of the hollow frusto-conical formation of the metal portions extend across the space formed by the rigid walls of the sleeve 11 and head 14, FIGURE 8.
- the can end 1 and the pull tab 4 are, for clarity, shown slightly spaced apart.
- FIGURE 5 The impact of the punch 13 against the closed end 7 of the hollow frusto-conical formation causes metal from the closed end 7 to flow into the sloping sides of hollow conical formation thus deforming and interlocking said sides as shown in FIGURES 4 and 9.
- suitable means for example an air cylinder AC, FIGURE 5, causes the punch 13 to be restored to the position thereof shown in FIGURE 6, thereby ejecting the interlocked metal portions from the sleeve 11.
- the restoring of the base member 10 to the normal position thereof, FIGURE 6, causes the interlocked metal portions to be lifted from the anvil 12.
- the punch 13 is slidably housed in the sleeve 11 and the sleeve is loaded as by the springs S1 or a rubber buffer, not shown, so that pressure exerted by the sleeve 11 is not so great as that exerted by the punch 13.
- the springs S ensure that when the sleeve 11 and punch 13 are raised the interlocked portions are ejected from the head 14.
- the two sheets of metal are interlocked and secured one to the other by a single operation and this not only simplifies the manufacturing process, as compared with the processes previously employed, but also permits the operation to be performed with the least possible disturbance to the metal, thus, also as compared with the processes previously employed, reducing workhardening and the tendency for the metal to fracture or become brittle.
- the strain on the metal is further reduced by the use of the tapering anvil 12, because by the use thereof the sides of the frusto-cone formed in the metal are not required to be substantially perpendicular.
- the metals from which the can end and pull tab are made may be of any suitable kind deformable by an impact extrusion process and may be alloys of non-ferrous metals capable of extrusion under reasonably low pressures. Such metals include aluminium and aluminium alloys.
- the invention may be applied to the securing together of other components.
- the method may be used for fixing handles to aluminium mugs, cups, sauce-pans, or drawers; for joining sheet metal in the manufacture of metal cabinets or other rectangular constructions; or in other instances in which it is required to form a metal attachment between two sheets of ductile metal where formerly riveting, or welding, or soldering was employed.
- the preferred range of metal thickness is between 0.010 and 0.025 inch although the thickness will depend on the purpose and nature of the finished article.
- the tab, or handle may be of the same thickness as that of the sheet to which it is to be secured or it may be of greater or lesser thickness; again this depends on the purpose.
- the preferred diameter of a finished coupling is between W and inch but this also depends on the purpose and on the thickness of the metal. Further, the coupling may be circular, elongated, square, or of any other suitable shape.
- the tooling pressures are not critical but one will naturally apply the minimum required to extrude the metal used and this will vary according to the alloy and also according to the area involved.
- the opposed faces of the anvil 12 and punch 13 are flat but, if desired these faces may be mating convex/ concave surfaces.
- the head 14 of the anvil 12 may be of circular cross-section of lesser diameter than that of the body of the anvil.
- the anvil may be as shown in FIGURES 9 or 10 and the punch sleeve portion which with the anvil forms the space in which interlocking is effected is split lengthwise, as at 18, FIGURE 11, to permit lateral extension of the sleeve as the metal is forced into the sleeve about the head of the anvil, and the sleeve is provided with an annular recess 17 which together with the anvil forms the space in which interlocking takes place.
- Apparatus for securing one portion of ductile sheet metal to another comprising a base member having an anvil associated therewith, said anvil initially being completely telescoped within said base member, a punch sleeve located above the base member and housing a punch of greater diameter than and co-axial with the anvil, and means for moving said base member, anvil, punch sleeve, and punch relative one to the other in timed relation so as to sequentially move the punch sleeve and anvil toward each other to surround and clamp areas of the superimposed portions of sheet metal to be secured, move the anvil to press the clamped areas into the punch sleeve to effect deformation of the clamped areas substantially to a frustrum of a cone the sloping sides of which extend across a space formed between the punch sleeve and the anvil, and move the punch to impact extrude metal from the closed end of the frustrum into said sloping sides thereby to effect deformation and interlocking of said frustrum sides in said space.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Description
Dec. 26, 1967 ROSBQTTOM 3,359,935
APPARATUS FOR SECURING DEFORMABLE SHEET METAL ELEMENTS Filed May 10, 1965 I 4 Sheets-Sheet l v lnvenlor THOMAS A. RosaaT-roM A tlorney Dec. 26, 1967 T. A. ROSBOTTOM 3,359,935
APPARATUS FOR SECURING DEFORMABLE SHEET METAL ELEMENTS 4 SheetsSheet 2 Filed May 10, 1965 E Q7 f/ EQWM U Inventor THOMAS A ROSBDTTOM tlorne y APPARATUS FOR SECURING DEFORMABLE SHEET METAL ELEMENTS Filed May 10, 1965 Dec. 26, 1967 T. A. ROSBOTTOM 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Inventor A Rosa OTTO/1 C a v Attorneys TH OMA S 1967 T. A. ROSBOTTOM v 3,359,935
APPARATUS FOR SECURING DEFORMABLE SHEET METAL ELEMENTS Filed May 10, 1965 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I Inventor THOMAS A- ROSBOTTOM By} K M Attorney;
United States Patent 3,359,935 APPARATUS FOR SECURING DEFORMABLE SHEET METAL ELEMENTS Thomas Albert Rosbottom, Hayes, England, assignor to The Metal Box Company Limited, London, England, a company of Great Britain Filed May 10, 1965, Ser. No. 454,293 Claims priority, application Great Britain, May 20, 1964, 20,876/64 6 Claims. (Cl. 113-4) This invention relates to the securing of ductile sheet metal elements one to another and in particular, but not exclusively, to the securing of a pull tab to a container member provided with a scored removable zone.
It is usual when securing a pull tab to a container member, such as a can end, provided with a scored removable zone to provide one of the parts with an aperture which fits over a hollow rivet formed in the other part. When the apertured part has been fitted over the rivet the latter is deformed to secure the apertured part in position. These proposals are subject to a number of disadvantages, for instance the punching of the aperture leaves a burr which must be removed and this is a diflicult, precise operation under mass production conditions. Should the burr not be fully removed it bears against the root of the rivet, which is the weakest point thereof, when the parts are assembled and this may lead to rupturing of the material during deformation of the rivet. Further, when the metal is drawn to form the rivet the metal is thinned and stretched causing undesirable weakening in the areas where the thinning is most pronounced. It is also necessary that the forming of the rivet and of the aperture be performed separately and the parts assembled after such forming operations.
It is a main object of the present invention to effect the securing together of two ductile sheet metal elements in,
a manner which avoids the above disadvantages and' reduces the number of manufacturing operations.
According to the invention there is provided a method of securing one portion of ductile sheet metal to another by superimposing one on the other and clamping them around the area thereof to be secured, creating from the clamped area a substantially frusto-conical formation the sloping sides of which extend across a space formed between rigid walls, and by impact extrusion causing metal from the closed end of the frusto-conical formation to flow into said sloping sides thereby to effect deformation and interlocking thereof in said space.
One of the sheet metal portions may be the scored removable zone portion of a container member and the other of the sheet metal portions be a part of a pull tab.
Also according to the invention there is provided a container member made of deformable sheet metal and including a scored removable portion, and a deformable sheet metal pull tab secured to the scored removable portion by the method set forth above.
There is also contemplated apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood embodiments thereof will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is a top plan of a can end constructed in accordance with the invention,
FIGURE 2 is an underneath plan of FIGURE 1,
FIGURE 3 is a section, to an enlarged scale, on line III-III, FIGURE 1,
FIGURE 4 is a line drawing made from a microphotograph of two portions of sheet metal secured together by the method and apparatus according to the invention.
FIGURE 5 is a section illustrating apparatus according to the invent-ion,
FIGURES 6 to 9 illustrate diagrammatically the method of and apparatus for securing a pull tab to the can end shown in FIGURES 1 to 3,
FIGURE 10 illustrates a modification to the apparatus of FIGURES 6 to 9, and
FIGURE 11 illustrates a modification to a punch sleeve embodied in apparatus according to the invention.
Referring to FIGURES 1 to 4 of the drawings, a container member, shown as a can end I of known kind, is made of ductile metal and is provided with a scored removable zone 2 defined, in the usual manner, by a score line 3. It is to be understood that the shape of the scored removable zone may, if desired, be other than that shown in FIGURE 1. A pull tab 4, also made of ductile sheet metal, is secured to the scored removable Zone by a method which, in accordance with the invention, does not require that either the said zone or the pull tab be provided with an aperture to facilitate the securing of the one part to the other. The pull tab, which may be of a shape other than that shown in the drawings, is interlocked with and secured to the scored removable zone by deformation 5 of the sides of a hollow portion 6 closed at one end 7 and formed by overlying portions 8, 9, FIG- URE 3, of the pull tab and the scored removable zone. The deformation of the sides of the hollow portion is effected by impact extrusion of the end 7 into the sides of the hollow portion with the result, as can be seen from FIGURES 3 and 4, that the thickness of the top overlying portions 8, 9 is reduced from the starting thickness thereof.
The method of securing the pull tab 4 to the scored removable Zone 2 is illustrated in FIGURES 6 to 9. A flat part of the scored removable zone 2 is laid on the face of a base member '10 supported for restricted movement against the action of a spring or springs S indicated diagrammatically in FIGURES 6 and 7, and a flat part of from the base member 10 and when the scored removable zone 2 and pull tab 4 are in position on the base member, FIGURE 6, the punch sleeve 11 is moved downward to clamp the scored removable zone and pull tab against the base member, "FIGURE 7.
A stationary anvil 12 co-axial with a punch 13 housed in the punch sleeve 11 is associated with the base member If) and has a head 14 which is of lesser diameter than that of the punch 13 and is tapered, FIGURES 6 to 9, in a manner such as to preserve the largest possible top area together with the sharpest possible incline. In the starting position of the apparatus the head 14 does not project beyond the face of the base member but when the punch sleeve 11 and punch 13 engage the upper face of the two superimposed pieces of metal, FIGURE 7, the resilient loading, shown as springs S1, FIGURE 5, of the punch sleeve 11 reacts against the spring-loading S of the base member 10. The springs S1 for the punch sleeve 11 are stronger than the springs S and the base member 10 is forced to retract, FIGURES 8 and 9. The metal portions clamped around between the base member 10 and the punch sleeve 11 are thus deformed about the frusto-conical head 14 of the anvil and the sloping sides of the hollow frusto-conical formation of the metal portions extend across the space formed by the rigid walls of the sleeve 11 and head 14, FIGURE 8. In FIGURE 5, the can end 1 and the pull tab 4 are, for clarity, shown slightly spaced apart. The impact of the punch 13 against the closed end 7 of the hollow frusto-conical formation causes metal from the closed end 7 to flow into the sloping sides of hollow conical formation thus deforming and interlocking said sides as shown in FIGURES 4 and 9. As the pressure is released suitable means, for example an air cylinder AC, FIGURE 5, causes the punch 13 to be restored to the position thereof shown in FIGURE 6, thereby ejecting the interlocked metal portions from the sleeve 11. The restoring of the base member 10 to the normal position thereof, FIGURE 6, causes the interlocked metal portions to be lifted from the anvil 12.
The punch 13 is slidably housed in the sleeve 11 and the sleeve is loaded as by the springs S1 or a rubber buffer, not shown, so that pressure exerted by the sleeve 11 is not so great as that exerted by the punch 13. The springs S ensure that when the sleeve 11 and punch 13 are raised the interlocked portions are ejected from the head 14.
It will be understood that by using the method just described the two sheets of metal are interlocked and secured one to the other by a single operation and this not only simplifies the manufacturing process, as compared with the processes previously employed, but also permits the operation to be performed with the least possible disturbance to the metal, thus, also as compared with the processes previously employed, reducing workhardening and the tendency for the metal to fracture or become brittle. The strain on the metal is further reduced by the use of the tapering anvil 12, because by the use thereof the sides of the frusto-cone formed in the metal are not required to be substantially perpendicular. Also, because there are two layers of metal over the areas 15, 16, FIGURE 8, of the frusto-cone, where previously a rivet was weakest, there is with a coupling formed in accordance with the invention a higher factor of safety than has been possible hitherto and this can be of considerable importance in the case of, for example, beer cans which may have a high internal pressure.
The metals from which the can end and pull tab are made may be of any suitable kind deformable by an impact extrusion process and may be alloys of non-ferrous metals capable of extrusion under reasonably low pressures. Such metals include aluminium and aluminium alloys.
In the foregoing description there has been described the manner in which a pull tab is secured to :a scored removable zone. It is, however, to be understood that the invention may be applied to the securing together of other components. For example, the method may be used for fixing handles to aluminium mugs, cups, sauce-pans, or drawers; for joining sheet metal in the manufacture of metal cabinets or other rectangular constructions; or in other instances in which it is required to form a metal attachment between two sheets of ductile metal where formerly riveting, or welding, or soldering was employed.
In carrying the invention into effect the preferred range of metal thickness is between 0.010 and 0.025 inch although the thickness will depend on the purpose and nature of the finished article. The tab, or handle, may be of the same thickness as that of the sheet to which it is to be secured or it may be of greater or lesser thickness; again this depends on the purpose. The preferred diameter of a finished coupling is between W and inch but this also depends on the purpose and on the thickness of the metal. Further, the coupling may be circular, elongated, square, or of any other suitable shape. The tooling pressures are not critical but one will naturally apply the minimum required to extrude the metal used and this will vary according to the alloy and also according to the area involved.
As illustrated in the drawings, the opposed faces of the anvil 12 and punch 13 are flat but, if desired these faces may be mating convex/ concave surfaces.
If desired, as shown in FIGURE 10, the head 14 of the anvil 12 may be of circular cross-section of lesser diameter than that of the body of the anvil.
In a further modification of the apparatus, the anvil may be as shown in FIGURES 9 or 10 and the punch sleeve portion which with the anvil forms the space in which interlocking is effected is split lengthwise, as at 18, FIGURE 11, to permit lateral extension of the sleeve as the metal is forced into the sleeve about the head of the anvil, and the sleeve is provided with an annular recess 17 which together with the anvil forms the space in which interlocking takes place.
I claim:
1. Apparatus for securing one portion of ductile sheet metal to another, comprising a base member having an anvil associated therewith, said anvil initially being completely telescoped within said base member, a punch sleeve located above the base member and housing a punch of greater diameter than and co-axial with the anvil, and means for moving said base member, anvil, punch sleeve, and punch relative one to the other in timed relation so as to sequentially move the punch sleeve and anvil toward each other to surround and clamp areas of the superimposed portions of sheet metal to be secured, move the anvil to press the clamped areas into the punch sleeve to effect deformation of the clamped areas substantially to a frustrum of a cone the sloping sides of which extend across a space formed between the punch sleeve and the anvil, and move the punch to impact extrude metal from the closed end of the frustrum into said sloping sides thereby to effect deformation and interlocking of said frustrum sides in said space.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said base member is supported on a spring for restricted movement relative to the anvil, and the end of the anvil which is directed towards the punch is located so as, in the starting position of the apparatus, not to project beyond the face of the base member which is directed towards the punch sleeve.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said punch sleeve is also supported on a spring for restricted movement with respect to said punch, said spring supporting the punch sleeve being stronger than said spring supporting the base member.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the anvil which cooperates with the punch sleeve to form said space is of frusto-conical form.
5. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the anvil which co-operates with the punch sleeve to form said space is of circular cross-section of lesser diameter than that of the body of the anvil.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the punch sleeve which with the anvil forms said space is split lengthwise thereof to permit lateral extension of the sleeve and is provided with an annular recess which together with the anvil forms said space.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,122,557 7/1938 Canter.
2,713,197 7/ 1955 Schmidt 29-522 X 2,985,703 5/1961 Kempf et al. 29522 X 2,992,857 7/ 1961 Lemmerz.
3,191,564 6/1965 Fraze 29-522 X 3,196,817 7/ 1965 Fraze 111-1 3,198,155 8/1965 Fraze 113-121 CHARLIE T. MOON, Primary Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. APPARATUS FOR SECURING ONE PORTON OF DUCTILE SHEET METAL TO ANOTHER, COMPRISING A BASE MEMBER HAVING AN ANVIL ASSOCIATED THEREWITH, SAID ANVIL INITIALLY BEING COMPLETELY TELESCOPED WITHIN SAID BASE MEMBER, A PUNCH SLEEVE LOCATED ABOVE THE BASE MEMBER AND HOUSING A PUNCH OF GREATER DIAMETER THAN AND CO-AXIAL WITH THE ANVIL, AND MEANS FOR MOVING SAID BASE MEMBER, ANVIL, PUNCH SLEEVE, AND PUNCH RELATIVE ONE TO THE OTHER IN TIMED RELATION SO AS TO SEQUENTIALLY MOVE THE PUNCH SLEEVE AND ANVIL TOWARD EACH OTHER TO SURROUND AND CLAMP AREAS OF THE SUPERIMPOSED PORTIONS OF SHEET METAL TO BE SECURED, MOVE THE ANVIL TO PRESS THE CLAMPED AREAS INTO THE PUNCH SLEEVE TO EFFECT DEFORMATION OF THE CLAMPED AREAS SUBSTANTIALLY TO A FRUSTRUM OF A CONE THE SLOPING SIDES OF WHICH EXTEND ACROSS A SPACE FORMED BETWEEN THE PUNCH SLEEVE AND THE ANVIL, AND MOVE THE PUNCH TO IMPACT EXTRUDE METAL FROM THE CLOSED END OF THE FRUSTRUM INTO SAID SLOPING SIDES THEREBY TO EFFECT DEFORMATION AND INTERLOCKING OF SAID FRUSTRUM SIDES IN SAID SPACE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB20876/64A GB1041119A (en) | 1964-05-20 | 1964-05-20 | Improvements in or relating to the securing of deformable sheet metal elements |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3359935A true US3359935A (en) | 1967-12-26 |
Family
ID=10153234
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US454293A Expired - Lifetime US3359935A (en) | 1964-05-20 | 1965-05-10 | Apparatus for securing deformable sheet metal elements |
US669328A Expired - Lifetime US3404648A (en) | 1964-05-20 | 1967-07-25 | Method of securing deformable sheet metal elements |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US669328A Expired - Lifetime US3404648A (en) | 1964-05-20 | 1967-07-25 | Method of securing deformable sheet metal elements |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US3359935A (en) |
BE (1) | BE663728A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1452782A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK115389B (en) |
ES (1) | ES313197A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1436317A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1041119A (en) |
IL (1) | IL23488A (en) |
MY (1) | MY6700091A (en) |
NL (2) | NL6506408A (en) |
NO (1) | NO119218B (en) |
SE (1) | SE314048B (en) |
Cited By (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3411470A (en) * | 1965-01-22 | 1968-11-19 | Ermal C. Fraze | Can top |
US3451367A (en) * | 1964-03-30 | 1969-06-24 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method of fabricating container-opening device |
US3470837A (en) * | 1967-11-03 | 1969-10-07 | Ermal C Fraze | Apparatus for forming easy-open can ends |
US3599318A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1971-08-17 | Behlen Mfg Co | Method of bonding sheets |
US3690706A (en) * | 1970-08-25 | 1972-09-12 | Arnold R Boik | Single operation rivet |
US3771216A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-11-13 | Johnson Die & Eng Co | Method and tooling for extruding a closed end rivet |
US3771480A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-11-13 | Johnson Die & Eng Co | Method and apparatus for extruding a rivet form in a layer of metallic material |
US3993428A (en) * | 1971-04-21 | 1976-11-23 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for fastening a corrugated sheet to a flat sheet |
US4390098A (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1983-06-28 | Ball Corporation | Automatic closure reject from upstacking device |
US4658502A (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1987-04-21 | Eckold Gerd Juergen | Sheet metal joining apparatus |
US4757609A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1988-07-19 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US4760634A (en) * | 1985-09-14 | 1988-08-02 | Eugen Rapp | Method of connecting thin plates |
US4865506A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1989-09-12 | Stolle Corporation | Apparatus for reforming an end shell |
US4910853A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1990-03-27 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
EP0284902A3 (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1990-06-06 | Eugen Rapp | Method and apparatus to join thin plates lying one on top of the other together |
US5027503A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1991-07-02 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5177861A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1993-01-12 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5208973A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1993-05-11 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5208974A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1993-05-11 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for attaching a fastener to sheet material |
US5305517A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1994-04-26 | Schleicher Louis C | Apparatus for forming clinch joints |
US5315743A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1994-05-31 | Tech-Line Engineering Co. | Apparatus for forming a clinch joint |
GB2281047A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-02-22 | Smith Corp A O | Structural member and method for forming the same |
US5435049A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1995-07-25 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5528815A (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1996-06-25 | Webb; Edward L. T. | Clinching tool for sheet metal joining |
US5709019A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1998-01-20 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheets of material |
US5782130A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-21 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for retaining tools |
US5860315A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1999-01-19 | Etm Corporation | Device for securing tools |
US5984563A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-11-16 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material and joint formed therein |
US6785959B2 (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2004-09-07 | Btm Corporation | Tool assembly employing a flexible retainer |
US20050150097A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-14 | Jones Ronald E. | Cold process for joining metal |
US8650730B2 (en) | 2009-02-23 | 2014-02-18 | Btm Corporation | Clinching tool |
US10328481B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2019-06-25 | Btm Company Llc | Clinching punch and apparatus |
CN111659805A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-15 | 中南大学 | Continuous two-stroke neck-reinforced rivet-free connecting device and method |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3479979A (en) * | 1967-11-16 | 1969-11-25 | Aluminum Co Of America | Metal forming |
US3579809A (en) * | 1968-12-13 | 1971-05-25 | Frantz Mfg Co | Method of joining sheets of rigid deformable material |
US4202750A (en) * | 1977-02-22 | 1980-05-13 | The Continental Group, Inc. | Container anode |
JPS56114536A (en) * | 1980-02-13 | 1981-09-09 | Toshiba Corp | Joining device of sheet material |
US4459735A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1984-07-17 | Btm Corporation | Joining sheet metal |
GB2087284B (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1984-06-06 | Btm Corp | Apparatus for and method of joining sheet metal and sheet metal so joined |
US4574453A (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1986-03-11 | Btm Corporation | Self-attaching fastener and method of securing same to sheet material |
US4531279A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1985-07-30 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Method of making a leakproof joint |
US4632592A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1986-12-30 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Leakproof joint construction and method and apparatus for making the same |
US4601090A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1986-07-22 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Leakproof joint construction and apparatus for making the same |
DE3532900A1 (en) * | 1985-09-14 | 1987-03-26 | Eugen Rapp | Method and apparatus for connecting thin plates |
JPS62151231A (en) * | 1986-10-15 | 1987-07-06 | Toshiba Corp | Joining device for plate material |
SE8800407D0 (en) * | 1988-02-05 | 1988-02-05 | Cerac Sa | A METHOD FOR JOINING TWO OR SEVERAL OVERLAYING SHEET FORMED MEMBERS TOGETHER, METAL OR NON-METAL, AND AN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
DE3925746C2 (en) * | 1989-08-03 | 1994-06-23 | Multivac Haggenmueller Kg | Method and device for producing a reclosable package |
US5727302A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1998-03-17 | Btm Corporation | Die and punch for forming a joint and method of making the die |
AU719842B2 (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 2000-05-18 | Btm Corporation | Die and punch for forming a joint therebetween |
US6092270A (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2000-07-25 | Btm Corporation | Die for forming a joint |
US8757558B2 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2014-06-24 | Mp Husky, Llc | Cable tray |
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US2122557A (en) * | 1936-08-14 | 1938-07-05 | Canter Morris | Method and apparatus for applying metallic seals |
US2713197A (en) * | 1952-01-23 | 1955-07-19 | Budd Co | Method and apparatus for making an integral rivet connection |
US2985703A (en) * | 1958-01-28 | 1961-05-23 | Hamilton Watch Co | Primary cell |
US2992857A (en) * | 1957-12-20 | 1961-07-18 | Lemmerz Werke Gmbh | Rivetless fastening between rim and body of a vehicle wheel |
US3191564A (en) * | 1963-05-15 | 1965-06-29 | Ermal C Fraze | Method of fabricating a sheet metal joint |
US3196817A (en) * | 1962-10-30 | 1965-07-27 | Fraze Ermal Cleon | Apparatus for fabricating sheet metal joints |
US3198155A (en) * | 1964-03-02 | 1965-08-03 | Ermal C Fraze | Method of interconnecting two sheets of deformable material |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3151766A (en) * | 1961-02-10 | 1964-10-06 | Continental Can Co | Pull tab tear strip combination for metal can end |
-
0
- NL NL133141D patent/NL133141C/xx active
-
1964
- 1964-05-20 GB GB20876/64A patent/GB1041119A/en not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-05-05 IL IL23488A patent/IL23488A/en unknown
- 1965-05-10 US US454293A patent/US3359935A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1965-05-11 BE BE663728D patent/BE663728A/xx unknown
- 1965-05-17 SE SE6394/65A patent/SE314048B/xx unknown
- 1965-05-17 DE DE1965M0065271 patent/DE1452782A1/en active Pending
- 1965-05-19 DK DK251265AA patent/DK115389B/en unknown
- 1965-05-19 NO NO158131A patent/NO119218B/no unknown
- 1965-05-19 FR FR17589A patent/FR1436317A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-05-20 NL NL6506408A patent/NL6506408A/xx unknown
- 1965-05-20 ES ES0313197A patent/ES313197A1/en not_active Expired
-
1967
- 1967-07-25 US US669328A patent/US3404648A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-12-31 MY MY196791A patent/MY6700091A/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2122557A (en) * | 1936-08-14 | 1938-07-05 | Canter Morris | Method and apparatus for applying metallic seals |
US2713197A (en) * | 1952-01-23 | 1955-07-19 | Budd Co | Method and apparatus for making an integral rivet connection |
US2992857A (en) * | 1957-12-20 | 1961-07-18 | Lemmerz Werke Gmbh | Rivetless fastening between rim and body of a vehicle wheel |
US2985703A (en) * | 1958-01-28 | 1961-05-23 | Hamilton Watch Co | Primary cell |
US3196817A (en) * | 1962-10-30 | 1965-07-27 | Fraze Ermal Cleon | Apparatus for fabricating sheet metal joints |
US3191564A (en) * | 1963-05-15 | 1965-06-29 | Ermal C Fraze | Method of fabricating a sheet metal joint |
US3198155A (en) * | 1964-03-02 | 1965-08-03 | Ermal C Fraze | Method of interconnecting two sheets of deformable material |
Cited By (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3451367A (en) * | 1964-03-30 | 1969-06-24 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method of fabricating container-opening device |
US3411470A (en) * | 1965-01-22 | 1968-11-19 | Ermal C. Fraze | Can top |
US3470837A (en) * | 1967-11-03 | 1969-10-07 | Ermal C Fraze | Apparatus for forming easy-open can ends |
US3599318A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1971-08-17 | Behlen Mfg Co | Method of bonding sheets |
US3690706A (en) * | 1970-08-25 | 1972-09-12 | Arnold R Boik | Single operation rivet |
US3993428A (en) * | 1971-04-21 | 1976-11-23 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for fastening a corrugated sheet to a flat sheet |
US3771216A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-11-13 | Johnson Die & Eng Co | Method and tooling for extruding a closed end rivet |
US3771480A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-11-13 | Johnson Die & Eng Co | Method and apparatus for extruding a rivet form in a layer of metallic material |
US5581860A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1996-12-10 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US4757609A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1988-07-19 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5208974A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1993-05-11 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for attaching a fastener to sheet material |
US5435049A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1995-07-25 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US4910853A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1990-03-27 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5339509A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1994-08-23 | Btm Corporation | Method for attachment of fastener to sheet material |
US5027503A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1991-07-02 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5177861A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1993-01-12 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US5208973A (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1993-05-11 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material |
US4390098A (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1983-06-28 | Ball Corporation | Automatic closure reject from upstacking device |
US4658502A (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1987-04-21 | Eckold Gerd Juergen | Sheet metal joining apparatus |
US4760634A (en) * | 1985-09-14 | 1988-08-02 | Eugen Rapp | Method of connecting thin plates |
US4831704A (en) * | 1985-09-14 | 1989-05-23 | Eugen Rapp | Apparatus for connecting thin plates |
EP0284902A3 (en) * | 1987-04-01 | 1990-06-06 | Eugen Rapp | Method and apparatus to join thin plates lying one on top of the other together |
US4865506A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1989-09-12 | Stolle Corporation | Apparatus for reforming an end shell |
US5528815A (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1996-06-25 | Webb; Edward L. T. | Clinching tool for sheet metal joining |
US5315743A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1994-05-31 | Tech-Line Engineering Co. | Apparatus for forming a clinch joint |
US5621961A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1997-04-22 | Techline Engineering Co. | Method for forming a clinch joint technical field |
US5490310A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1996-02-13 | Tech-Line Engineering Co. | Apparatus and method for forming a clinch joint |
US5622442A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1997-04-22 | Tech-Line Engineering Co. | Apparatus and method for forming a clinch joint |
US5408735A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1995-04-25 | Schleicher; Louis C. | Method for forming a clinch joint |
US5305517A (en) * | 1991-09-23 | 1994-04-26 | Schleicher Louis C | Apparatus for forming clinch joints |
US5487219A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1996-01-30 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Method of manufacturing engine cradles |
US5573222A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1996-11-12 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Method of manufacturing engine cradles |
GB2281047B (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1996-10-30 | Smith Corp A O | Structural member and method for forming the same |
GB2281047A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-02-22 | Smith Corp A O | Structural member and method for forming the same |
US5709019A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1998-01-20 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheets of material |
US5984563A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-11-16 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for joining sheet material and joint formed therein |
US5860315A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1999-01-19 | Etm Corporation | Device for securing tools |
US5782130A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-21 | Btm Corporation | Apparatus for retaining tools |
US6785959B2 (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2004-09-07 | Btm Corporation | Tool assembly employing a flexible retainer |
US20050034291A1 (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2005-02-17 | Sawdon Edwin G. | Tool assembly employing a flexible retainer |
US7003861B2 (en) | 2002-08-15 | 2006-02-28 | Btm Corporation | Tool assembly employing a flexible retainer |
US20050150097A1 (en) * | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-14 | Jones Ronald E. | Cold process for joining metal |
US8650730B2 (en) | 2009-02-23 | 2014-02-18 | Btm Corporation | Clinching tool |
US10328481B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2019-06-25 | Btm Company Llc | Clinching punch and apparatus |
CN111659805A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-15 | 中南大学 | Continuous two-stroke neck-reinforced rivet-free connecting device and method |
CN111659805B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-05-07 | 中南大学 | Continuous two-stroke neck-reinforced rivet-free connecting device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL133141C (en) | |
DE1452782A1 (en) | 1969-03-27 |
GB1041119A (en) | 1966-09-01 |
NL6506408A (en) | 1965-11-22 |
IL23488A (en) | 1969-06-25 |
FR1436317A (en) | 1966-04-22 |
MY6700091A (en) | 1967-12-31 |
SE314048B (en) | 1969-09-01 |
US3404648A (en) | 1968-10-08 |
NO119218B (en) | 1970-04-13 |
DK115389B (en) | 1969-10-06 |
ES313197A1 (en) | 1965-12-16 |
BE663728A (en) | 1965-11-12 |
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