US3344508A - Process for producing cladded fuel elements - Google Patents
Process for producing cladded fuel elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3344508A US3344508A US338621A US33862164A US3344508A US 3344508 A US3344508 A US 3344508A US 338621 A US338621 A US 338621A US 33862164 A US33862164 A US 33862164A US 3344508 A US3344508 A US 3344508A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- approximately
- temperature
- composite
- fuel elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/02—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/02—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
- G21C21/10—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings by extrusion, drawing, or stretching by rolling, e.g. "picture frame" technique
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
- Y10T29/49982—Coating
Definitions
- the invention is more especially concerned, among the aforesaid processes, with those which permit the possibility of obtaining said fuel elements from composite billets or blooms in which the core of these latter constitutes the fuel proper whereas the outer portion thereof constitutes the cladding material, and which effect at the same time the formation of a metallurgical bond between the fuel and the can as well as the shaping of the round bar, tube or plate.
- the object of the present invention is to make the said processes such that these latter meet the various practical requirements more effectively than has hitherto been achieved, especially insofar as they permit the possibility of overcoming the drawbacks mentioned above by ensuring that the shaping operation and provision of a metallurgical bond are carried into effect in the correct manner without calling either for protective jacketing, controlled atmosphere preheating furnaces or complex apparatus for the purpose of welding or sealing jackets or blooms which had been necessary up to the present time.
- the invention mainly consists-after having effected the metallurgical bond by diffusion between the fuel and the can by means of thermo-pneumatic or hydrostatic machinein subjecting the product obtained to a plastic state deformation process such as rolling or extrusion, at a temperature which is compatible with the materials employed.
- the present invention further consists in certain other arrangements which are preferably employed at the same time and which are to be considered either separately or in combination, namely:
- the metallurgical bond between the fuel and the can is ensured, after sealing of the fuel-can assembly by welding, by maintaining said assembly at a suitable temperature and pressure during the time which is necessary to obtain a diffusion bond between the constitutent materials;
- the aforesaid operation is carried out directly on the can-fuel assembly in a neutral gas atmosphere (argon, for example);
- the process in accordance with the invention makes it possible to replace the conventional protective jackets (for example of steel) which are both of substantial thickness and costly by thin'walled casings (of steel or copper sheet, for example).
- a further economic advantage of the process is that its dispenses with the use of furnaces for preheating at high temperature in a controlled atmosphere as well as the use of apparatus for welding and sealing jackets.
- the process in accordance with the invention transforms the operations involving co-extrusion or co-rolling in a jacket at high temperature into operations involving co-extrusion or co-rolling without jacket at moderate temperature.
- the fuel-can assembly will be processed within a thermo-pneumatic machine and brought therein to a temperature of 750 to 950 C. at a pressure of at least 30 kilograms per square centimeter and will be maintained therein for a period of time which depends on the pressure and temperature adopted.
- Uranium-zirconium fuel elements containing 2 to 8% by weight of uranium and clad with zircalloy have been metallurgically bonded under the following conditions: Temperature, 800 C.; pressure, 300 kgs./cm. time, 30 minutes; gas, neutral gas (argon, for example, or air).
- the fuel elements were placed, in the case of air, within the protective boxes of copper or steel sheet of A mm. thickness.
- a process for producing a fuel element comprised of a core section constituting the fuel proper and an outer protective cladding for said core section comprising the following steps: (a) contacting a uraniumzirconium fuel mixture containing from about 2 to 8% weight uranium with a cladding zircalloy to form a composite; (b) subjecting said composite to a temperature of approximately 800 C., at approximately 300 kgs./cm. pressure for a time of approximately 30 minutes in an inert atmosphere to thereby obtain a metallur-gically bonded metallic material; and (c) subjecting the material obtained from step (b) to a plastic state deformation process at a temperature range of from room temperature to 400 C.
- step (b) the composite is enclosed and sealed in an evacuated casing comprised of metal sheeting having a thickness of approximately mm.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR925479A FR1358464A (fr) | 1963-02-20 | 1963-02-20 | Perfectionnements aux procédés de cofilage et de colaminage |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3344508A true US3344508A (en) | 1967-10-03 |
Family
ID=8797511
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US338621A Expired - Lifetime US3344508A (en) | 1963-02-20 | 1964-01-20 | Process for producing cladded fuel elements |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3344508A (xx) |
BE (1) | BE644036A (xx) |
CH (1) | CH426027A (xx) |
ES (1) | ES295727A1 (xx) |
FR (1) | FR1358464A (xx) |
GB (1) | GB1041933A (xx) |
LU (1) | LU45257A1 (xx) |
NL (1) | NL303045A (xx) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3447230A (en) * | 1967-01-05 | 1969-06-03 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Art of making seamless hollow bodies from sinterable powders |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3798742A (en) * | 1973-01-24 | 1974-03-26 | Crucible Inc | Method for hot working |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3025592A (en) * | 1959-07-22 | 1962-03-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Phase transformation bonding of metal members |
US3118221A (en) * | 1959-02-26 | 1964-01-21 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Method of making wafers with disseminated particles |
US3194643A (en) * | 1962-07-20 | 1965-07-13 | Lukens Steel Co | Clad metal product |
US3235958A (en) * | 1961-10-09 | 1966-02-22 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Method of cladding by hydrostatic pressure applied to heated units inside a cold liquid cladding apparatus |
US3243871A (en) * | 1963-08-12 | 1966-04-05 | Nat Res Corp | Method of making ductile superconductors |
-
0
- NL NL303045D patent/NL303045A/xx unknown
-
1963
- 1963-02-20 FR FR925479A patent/FR1358464A/fr not_active Expired
-
1964
- 1964-01-20 LU LU45257D patent/LU45257A1/xx unknown
- 1964-01-20 US US338621A patent/US3344508A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1964-01-25 ES ES295727A patent/ES295727A1/es not_active Expired
- 1964-02-05 GB GB4883/64A patent/GB1041933A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-02-19 BE BE644036D patent/BE644036A/xx unknown
- 1964-02-19 CH CH198064A patent/CH426027A/fr unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3118221A (en) * | 1959-02-26 | 1964-01-21 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Method of making wafers with disseminated particles |
US3025592A (en) * | 1959-07-22 | 1962-03-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Phase transformation bonding of metal members |
US3235958A (en) * | 1961-10-09 | 1966-02-22 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Method of cladding by hydrostatic pressure applied to heated units inside a cold liquid cladding apparatus |
US3194643A (en) * | 1962-07-20 | 1965-07-13 | Lukens Steel Co | Clad metal product |
US3243871A (en) * | 1963-08-12 | 1966-04-05 | Nat Res Corp | Method of making ductile superconductors |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3447230A (en) * | 1967-01-05 | 1969-06-03 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Art of making seamless hollow bodies from sinterable powders |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES295727A1 (es) | 1964-05-01 |
FR1358464A (fr) | 1964-04-17 |
NL303045A (xx) | |
GB1041933A (en) | 1966-09-07 |
LU45257A1 (xx) | 1964-03-20 |
CH426027A (fr) | 1966-12-15 |
BE644036A (xx) | 1964-06-15 |
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