US333662A - Auger for cutting square holes - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

W. PATTERSON.

I AUGER FOR CUTTING SQUARE HOLES.

No. 333,662. Patented Jan. 5, 1886.

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M L-$119M M.

5 a 0 ,0211. T T MM hognph w G UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM PATTERSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

AUGER FOR CUTTING SQUARE HOLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 333,662,dated January 5, 1886.

Application filezl April 20, 1855. Serial N 0. 162,842.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM PATTERSON, a resident of San Francisco,State of Galifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Angers for Cutting Square Holes; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to the class of woodcutting tools, known as mortising angers or tools for cutting square holes; and my improvements consist of certain novelties in the construction of the cutting-tools and the mechanism for operating them, and of the combination therewith of a twisted anger or boringtool, from the rotation of which in the operation of boring the cutting-tools are driven into the wood.

The parts and features constituting my said invention are combined to produce an improved tool of the character described.

The following description fully explains the nature of my said invention and the manner in which Iproceed to construct, apply, and operate the same the accompanying drawings being referred to by figures and letters.

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section of the auger,showing the internal mechanism. Fig. 2 represents elevation ofthe auger. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the hammer. Fig. 4 represents a section of the hammer. Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view of the hammer. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of part of the anvil, showing attachment of the chisels. Fig. 7 represents elevation of the adjusting-clamp. Fig. 8 is a plan View of the anvil. Fig. 9 represents a section of the auger through the line A B. Fig. 10 is an enlarged View of the chisel.

In Fig. 1, a is the auger; b, auger-shank; a, hammer; d, anvil; e,four sided part of anvil;f, conical end of anvil; h, flanges on lower end of hammer; i, shoulder on anvil for flange of hammer;j, spiral spring chamber in hammer; k,cains in spring chamber; Z.spiral spring; m, regulating fixed collars; n, rotating ratchetcollar; 0,cam-pin with friction-roller attached to rotating ratchet-collar;p, pawl and spring on upper fixed collar; q, chisels; to, upper fixed collar, and 10*, lower fixed collar.

(No model.)

In Fig. 2,?) is the auger-shank; c,hammer; e, four-sided part ofanvil;f,conical end ofanvil; g, longitudinal guides attached to hammer; a, rotating ratchet-collar; o, cam-pin with fric tionroller attached to rotating ratchet-collar; p, pawl and spring onupper fixed collar; q, chisel ;'r, chisels attached to shank; s, screw connecting chisels to anvil o,adjusting-clamp with set-screw; w,upper fixed collar; 10 lower fixed collar; and; w chamfered lower edge of anvil between chisel shanks, Fig. 3; 7c, cam in spiral-spring chamber.

In Figs. 4,5,0 is the hammemg, longitudinal guides attached to hammer; laflanges onlower end of hammer; j, spiral-spring chamber in hammer, and It cam in spring chamber.

In Fig. 6,f is the conical end of anvil; i, shoulder on anvil for flange of hammer; r, chisels attached to shank; r shoulder on inner side ofchisel-shank, and s screw connect ing chisel-shank to anvil.

In Figs. 7, 8,1; is the adjusting-clamp with setscrew; d, anvil; e, four-sided part ol'anvil; and g slots forlongitudinal guides g.

In Figs. 9, 10, t represents connecting-pins in edge of chisel-bits, and a hole for pin in edge of chisel-bit.

The augera is of the ordinary twisted form, having two or more twists, the feed or point being coarser than usual. The lips differ from the ordinary construction in that the edge of the pod or twist at the point of intersection with the lip is ground on its upper surface, giving a rectangular cutting-lip. The shank b of the auger may be of any suitable length. The hammer c is made of steel or iron or other suitable metal, and its external form may be either square or cylindrical in its internal construction. It is drilled out on its upper end to a depth suitable to form chamber 7' for the reception of the spiral spring Z, which surrounds the auger-shank and operates between the bottom of the chamber and the lower fixed collar, w, on the auger-shank.

In the upper part of chamber 3' are formed with the hammer or attached thereto cams k, for operating pin 0, attachedto rotating ratchetcollar n on the auger-shank between fixed collars to ta the collars being held on by the shank by screws. The lower end of the hammer is also drilled out to a suitable depth to ICO receive the anvil d, and in the center of the cavity there is a further drilling for the admission of regulating-collar m, which is held to the auger-shank by a screw. The solid metal between the chamber j and the cavity in the lower end of the hammer constitutes the hammer proper, and extends below the collar m, and maybe of any required thickness. I11 drilling the lower cavity in the hammer, a flange, h, is formed which passes over a square shoulder, '6. The anvil d, the face of which is formed of tempered steel,projects above the four-sided part into the square cavity formed by flanges h. The middle part of the anvil has four plane sides, 6, the corners of which for the required length are cut in dovetail for the reception of the ends of the chiselshanks r,which,when in position, butt against the solid metal above the dovetail, Figs. 2, 6. The chisel-shanks have a shoulder, r, on their inner sides fitting directly under the square part of the anvil, and are held by a screw, 8, Fig. 6. The lower edges of the anvil between the chisel-shank are chamfered, w, and conform in their angle to the conical end f. The conical end may form part of the anvil or be constructed separately and attached thereto. Both hammer and anvil are bored centrally for the reception and action of the auger-shank. On the lower end of the hammer are two or more projecting gnides,g,which pass into slots g in the sides of the anvil and hold both hammer and anvil in position and prevent their rotating with the auger. The bits of the chisels q may be right angled or other desired form, and the edges straight, convex, or concave, and are'ground on their inner side. They may be connected by a pin, it, or other suitable way, the head of the pin being attached to the edge of one bit and the point entering the hole a in the edges of the other bit. One or more chisel-shanks may be graduated to desired mortise and adjusted by the clamp and setscrew o. The clamp is placed on the outside of the shank, and in the flange is the setscrew, and in the other end a book form to catch on inner side of shank. The rotating ratchetcollar it works between the fixed collars w 10*. The ratchets are on its upper face, in which the pawl 12 operates,and is held in the ratchets by a small spring, Figs. 1, 2.

The operation of the tool is as follows: By the rotation of the auger the pin 0 on the ratchet-collar n travels on the edge of a cam, 7:, to its extreme lower end, causing the hammer c to rise and the spiral spring Z to contract. From the lower extremity of the cam the pin moves upward to the starting-point of the next cam, which causes the spring to expand and the hammer to drop and deliver successive blows upon the face of the anvil, which drive the chisels q slightly in advance of the auger-feed and produces a square out in the wood, the chips from which is lifted out by the rotation of the auger and the form of its lip. The collar m regulates the feed of the chisels, according to the quality of the wood chamfered edges w, permits the free passage of chips from the mortise between the chiselshanks. The longitudinal hammer-guides g, acting in slots g in the anvil, bind hammer and anvil and prevent their rotation with the auger, and also prevent the disconnection of hammer and anvil when the hammer is raised to deliver blows.

As I have shown, the straight cuts and the angles or corners are made in the wood in advance of the action of the lips and cuttingedges of the boring-tool, the effect of which is to produce a clean hole with sharp corners. This cannot be accomplished with certainty if theboring-tool works in advance of the chisels.

Theimproved tool thus produced is adapted for use in a frame or holder similar to that used for a common mortising auger, and it may be used also in a machine worked by hand or power.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of an anger, a, having two or more twists,and the feed or point coarse, and a rectangular cuttinglip, chisels q, surrounding said auger, and formed in right angle or straight, with their edges straight, convex, or concave, a hammer, 0, having a vertical movement on the shank b of the auger to deliver a succession of blows upon an anvil, and the anvil d, to which the shanks of the chisels q are attached, the said movement of the hammer being produced in one direction by the rotation of the auger, and in the other direction by the spiral spring Z, substantially as hereinbefore described.

2. In -a mortising tool for cutting square holes, the combination of the anger or boring device, the cutting device formed of a chisel or chisels, a hammer having a vertical movement, and an anvil to which the chisels are attached, the said hammer being adapted to deliver a succession of blows upon the said anvil during the rotation of the auger, and the whole adapted to move on the auger-shank, substantially as specified.

8. The combination of an anger, a, chisels q, surrounding the auger-blades, the hammer c, and anvil d, surrounding the auger-shank, the guides 9, extending from the hammer, slots for the passage of the guides, the spiral spring Z, engaging the hammer, cam k, reg ulating-collar m of the auger-stem, ratchetcollar n, arranged on the auger-stem, the campin, pawl and ratchets, and fixed collars 'w w on the auger-stem, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the separable, angular, or straight chisels (1, having pins, andholes u, to receive the pins to preserve true linear position of the chisels, and the clamp carrying a set-screw to embrace and lock the chisel-secanvil to which the shanks of said chisels are 10 tions together and serve with an auger, subattached, substantially as specified.

stantiallyas specified. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 5. The combination of a rotating auger, a, my hand and seal.

surrounding chisels q, the hammer c, and an- WVILLIAM PATTERSON. [L. S.]

vil,d, arranged, respectively, on the shank of \Vitnesscs:

the auger, and the said hammer being oper- A. B. SMITH,

ated by the rotary movement of the auger so R. H. MORTON,

as to deliver successive blows upon the said G. O. KNAPP.

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