US3320933A - Gas fired hot water boiler - Google Patents

Description

y 23, 1967 J. F. BAIER GAS FIRED HOT WATER BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet Filed Feb. 15, 1965 /47 7 ORA V May 23, 1967 J. F. BAIER GAS FIRED HOT WATER BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 15, 1965 INVENTOR. JJfl/V/T 54/5"? May 23, 1967 J. F. BAIER GAS FIRED HOT WATER BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 15, 1965 IN VENT 0R.

ATTORNEY y 23, 1957 J. F. BAIER 3,320,933

GAS FIRED HOT WATER BOILER Filed Feb. 15, 1965 4 Sheets-Sheet I INVENTOR. Jay/V A EA/5? United States Patent 3,320,933 GAS FIRED HGT WATER BOILER John F. Baler, 44 Gramercy Park 8., New York, N.Y. 10010 Filed Feb. 15, 1965, Ser. No. 432,539 2 Claims. (Cl. 122-218) The present invention relates to a gas fired hot water boiler and it particularly relates to a cast iron gas fired hot water boiler.

Altough not restricted thereto, the present invention will be particularly described in its application to small midget, high capacity hot water boilers for domestic heating, but it is to be understood that the same principles may be applied for heating or production of hot water for commercial purposes in large dwelling units or for industrial, factory, restaurant and other commercial establishments.

It is among the objects of the present invention to provide a more efiicient, compact hot water heating system, which will have minimum space consumption and yet be most effective from the viewpoint of producing a substantial supply of hot water with a minimum loss of heat units in a gas fired unit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel hot water boiler in which substantially all of the available heat will be most efficiently abstracted from combustion gases generated by ga flames in a single vertical pass without the necessity of recirculation or other expensive, costly heat economizer arrangements.

Still further objects and advantages will appear in the more detailed description set forth below, it being understood, however, that this more detailed description is given by way of illustration and explanation only and not by way of limitation, since various changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

In accomplishing the above objects it is found most satisfactory to provide a pancake arrangement in which a series of alternating sets of horizontally disposed parallel water tubes are positioned in superimposed relationship.

An important feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a base unit which is wider than the pancake sets of superimposed units and which will have an incircling outside water-leg wall structure, between the upper parts of which water-legs are positioned a series of closely spaced rectangular, squat cross-section water tubes, leaving a relatively wide area into which the flames are projected by a series of burners positioned with their exit faces substantially at and slightly below the lower ends of the water-legs.

The burner sections, which desirably extend in par allel rows directly below the water-leg section, are positioned above the base so as to permit air to flow therebelow and not between the upper superimposed pancake units.

The tubes, desirably in these upper pancake units, are of triangular cross-section, with an equilateral, elongated triangular portion projecting downwardly and a curved base position at or closely adjacent the upper edge of each pancake.

These tubes are provided with relatively deep and wide fins of triangular yet rounded shape, with outstanding ears extending upwardly but stopping short of the upper faces of the tubes.

The side of each pancake unit is also provided with water-legs, with downwardly directed extensions adjacent the exterior Walls which fit into a groove desirably containing asbestos packing in each lower unit.

With the foregoing and other objects in View, the invention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more specifically described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, variations and modifications can be resorted to which fall within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

FIG. 1 is a front elevational View of one form of super-. imposed pancake water-leg type cast iron hot water gas fired boiler, showing the left side in front elevation and the right side in vertical section.

FIG. 2 is a side elevational view taken from the line 22 of FIG. 1, but upon a smaller scale than FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a top plan view taken from the line 33 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the lower enlarged waterleg section that forms the secondary base of the structure of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a transverse sectional view of one of said sections taken between the water tubes and looking to one side thereof, upon the line 5-5 of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of one of the smaller upper pancake sections, which in superimposed relationship form the upper part of the boiler structure, as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view taken upon the line 7-7 of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken upon the line 8-8 of FIG. 6, showing the structure at an intermediate point between the water tubes.

FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view taken upon the line 99 of FIG. 6 directly through the end of one of the water tubes.

Referring to FIG. 1, the boiler as shown is usually enclosed in a rectangular metal housing interiorly lined with an insulation of asbestos or other materials and carrying proper controls for operation of the hot water system.

The unit shown is particularly adapted for heating a moderate sized house, although it may be made in larger sizes by superimposing more pancake units or by using several structures, as indicated in FIG. 1 in side by side relationships.

As shown in FIG. 1, there is a supporting base A which may rest on the floor or foundation B, having the burners C.

The burners C are supported directly below the enlarged water-leg intermediate base structure D.

Said water-leg is provided with the squat rectangular cross-section tubes extending parallelly across the upper part thereof, with the encircling outside water-leg terminating just above the burner C and with the terminal lower legs G.

Superimposed upon the intermediate water-leg base structure D are the pancake units H, I, K and L, which are provided with intermediate parallel triangular crosssection water tubes M and alternating outside wide waterleg wall units N and narrow water-leg units P.

Each of these units is provided with depending legs Q which act as support for the pancake unit from the next lower unit.

The superimposed pancake units are provided with an upper cover R and they are tied together by means of the vertical tie bolts S.

As shown best in FIGS. 1 and 2, the burners C have the elongated lower portions 10, terminating in the rounded bottom portions 11 having the flat feet 12 held in position by the bolts 13 on the cross-members 14.

The burners have the upper Y-portions 15 with the perforated plates 16, which have rows of openings indicated diagrammatically at 17.

The burners will have projecting funnel portions 18 with adjustable air inlets 19 extending in front of the wall 20 of the base.

The walls 20* of the base extend between the side wall members 21, which rest upon the base or floor B and have a series of alternately disposed, laterally elongated upper and lower air inlet openings 22 and 23.

The side wall members 21 have enlarged upper portions 24 with the grooves 25 receiving the lower ends of the legs G of the sub-base member D.

The sub-base member D, is provided with an exterior water-leg F, the lower wall 26 of which is directly above the upper face 16 of the burners C.

The legs F, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, have a relatively narrow or confined water circulating portion 27 and a relatively wide upper water circulating portion 28.

This wide water circulating portion 28 has an abrupt step at 29 at the end adjacent the connection 39 and it has a more gradually restricted portion adjacent the sides F.

At the return 30' (see FIG. 5) there is a relatively large inlet box 31 from which the water will flow through both side legs, as indicated in cross-section in FIG. 1, to the forward step structure at 29.

Across the top of the unit D are the rather squat, approximately rectangular cross-section water tubes E, having very small corner fins on the lower faces thereof.

The water-legs also may be provided with the short triangular fins 46 extending along the sides of the unit D and terminating short of the lower edge 47 of the legs 46.

The legs G will all fit in the grooves 25 in the side walls 21 or the front and back walls 20 and the oblique faces 47 on each side of the large chamber T, together with the vertical front face 48 and vertical rear face 49, will form a firebox in which the flames 17 will arise and create the hot combustion gases which will first contact the squat tubes'E, as well as the faces 47, 4S and 49.

These flat vertical faces 48 and 49, oblique faces 47 and flat bottom faces 50 of the squat tubes E are designed to achieve the maximum heat absorption or direct radiation from the flames projecting upwardly from the upper faces of the burners C.

At the same time the spacing of the chamber T is such that no one of the flames will touch an iron face 47, 48, 49 or 50, and the only contact will be with the hot combustion gases moving upwardly from the flames.

Above the tubes E the heat will be by conduction without radiation, with the radiation being entirely confined to the faces bordering on the chamber T.

The short edge corner fins 45 will aid in this radiation effect and will cut down on the conduction effect so that the gases will retain substantially all of the heat as they pass between the tubes E indicated by the arrows 51 in FIG. 1.

The upper face of the sub-base unit D will shut the narrow passageways at 52, through which the hot gases will ascend into the superimposed pancake units H, J, K and L.

Around the passageways 52 and the tubes E are positioned the shallow channels 54 and 55 into which the legs Q and the next unit H project.

Desirably these channels will receive an asbestos pad for insulating purposes and the channel will extend entirely around the passageways 52 and the tubes E.

At the forward end of the unit D will be the enlarged return flow box 31 and the smaller stepped box 28 having an upper outlet 30 to communicate with the next higher unit.

At opposite corners 56 and 57 will be positioned the outstanding horizontal fins 58 and 59 receiving the slotted openings 60 and 61 for the vertical through bolts S.

These slotted flanges, as shown in FIG. 1, are repeated at 59 for each unit D, H, J, K and L and the headof the through bolt or tie rod 60 will rest on the uppermost pancake unit L and will be tied in position by the nut and lock or lock nut 61 and 62, as shown in FIG. 1.

As a result, the water-leg units will be closely tied together as a unit, leaving the base structure A and the dome structure R resting in position by gravity.

The unit 5 will also be provided with an excess or drain opening 63, as shown at the right of FIG. 5, which may be plugged upon usage.

The intermediate pancake units, as shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, 8 and 9, alternate in having a wide water-leg section at one side and a narrow water-leg section P at the other side and they are arranged so that the tubes M will always alternate in position and be directly above the openings in the next lower pancake unit.

As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the height or space from front to back is fairly uniform from the inlet box 76 to the outlet box 77.

The water will normally flow through the opening 78, as indicated by the arrow 79, and out through the opening 80, as indicated by the arrow 81, to the next higher pancake unit.

Each tube, as shown in FIG. 1, will have triangular side walls 82 with a depending tube fin 83 terminating short of the upper level of the next lower section and having less wide side fins 85 with triangular side edges 86 and terminating in the outstanding ears 87, which are short of the curved upper faces 88 of the top of each triangular cross-section tube M.

Desirably, the tubes will leave flat, narrow spaces, as indicated at 89 in FIGS. 1 and 6, through which the hot gases may pass, with the tops of the tubes M and the side legs N and P occupying substantially most of the horizontal flow area.

The curved lower edges 9t) of the tube fins will enhance the upward flow of the gases to permit smooth contact with the triangular sides 82 and the fins 83-85, and the upwardly flowing gases will be divided in a plurality of square flow areas, as indicated in the spaces 89 and 86.

Desirably, the area of the legs P and N will be between l fit and 1 /2 times the area of the triangular central tubes M and the lower walls 91 of the wide legs N and 92 of the narrow legs P will be below the lowermost corners 93 of the tubes M.

It will be noted in FIG. 7 that the lower rounded ends of the fins 83, as indicated in FIG. 7, terminate above the lower edge 84 of the pancake section.

The slotted flanges 58 and 59 in the pancake sections are desirably provided with side re-enforcement fins 94 and 95. (See FIG 6.)

Around each section on the top face thereof is positioned the continuous channel with the side channel portions 96, the front channel portion 97 and the rear channel portion 98. (See FIG. 6.)

These channels will receive the depending legs Q of the next upper pancake section, and desirably will receive a pad of asbestos to achieve a thorough seal.

The depending legs Q will depend below the lower edges fit of the fins 83 and substantially beyond the lower ends 93 of the triangular cross-section tubes.

The water will continue to flow laterally, upwardly, backwardly and forwardly across the tubes until it flows out at the top of the boiler to the heating system.

The dome has a cylindrical upper end portion 99, which may be provided with suitable draft or outlet connections.

The unit as thus described will most efliciently absorb heat from the gases, while achieving a full radiation effect.

The connections for the hot water may supply a hot water domestic tank, while the main hot water supply will be circulated through and to the radiators in a house or other type of building.

The number of intermediate pancake sections may be varied widely to give the desired capacity, and in one form of the invention the base section A may have a height of about 17 inches, while the section D may have a height of about 5 inches and the intermediate sections may have a height of about 3% inches, with the top cover section R having a height of about 5%; inches.

In the channels which receive the fins Q in FIG. 1, said channels being indicated at 53, 54 and 55 in FIGS. 4 and S and 96, 97 and 98 in FIGS. 6 to 9, there may be positioned asbestos pads for sealing purposes.

The same may be applied to the channels 25 in the base units A, 53, 54 and 55 in the intermediate section D and 96, 97 and 98 in each of the narrower sections H, J, K and L.

Generally, the boiler may have an overall height varying from 24 to 28 inches and a fore and aft diameter of about 23 inches.

The unit as shown may be provided with relief valves andvarious other associated devices.

The water will usually be elevated to a temperature of 3130110220 to 240 F. and the flames will usually be separated from all iron parts by a spacing of at least 1 to 2 inches.

The units may have an output of 50,000 to 300,000 B.t.u. per hour in a space consumption area ranging from 13 inches by 26 inches by 17 inches, up to 21 inches by 31 inches by 36 /2 inches.

With multiplication of the units, the input ratings can vary from 360,000 to 3,600,000 B.t.u. per hour.

The multiple units desirably consist of two or three units, such as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, positioned in side by side relationship to give an output ranging usually up to 100,000 B.t.u. per hour and an over-all dimension of 65 inches long, 26 inches deep, and 37 inches high, with a shipping weight of about 1,800 pounds; for a three-unit with a two-unit giving an output of about 600,000 B.t.u. per hour, a shipping weight of 1,200 pounds and a length of 44 inches, a depth of 26 inches and a height of 37 inches.

As many changes could be made in the above gas fired hot water boiler, and many widely different ernbodiments of this invention could be made without departure from the scope of the claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, what is claimed is:

1. A cast-iron gas-fired hot-water boiler comprising a wide base burner unit, with an intermediate wide combustion chamber unit superimposed on said base unit, and a plurality of relatively narrow parallel tube units superimposed on said intermediate unit, said tube units having upper and lower faces and having cast-iron, hotwater tube sections with outside water legs, each tube unit including parallel horizontal tubular elements between the outside water legs and said tubular elements having sloping sides and outstanding and downwardly extending fins, said tubular elements of each tube unit being in staggered relationship relative to the tubular elements of the next adjacent tube unit, said base burner unit having a plurality of gas burners extending parallelly to each other and to the water legs, a plurality of outstanding projecting water connections on the ends of the tube units, each tube unit having a recess extending entirely around the periphery thereof on the upper face thereof and along the top surfaces of the outside water legs and depending legs extending downwardly from the outside water legs of each tube uni-t around the entire periphery thereof, having their lower ends fitting into said recesses extending around the periphery of the tube units, said intermediate unit having outside water legs between the lowermost tube unit and the base burner unit and forming a chamber above the gas burners to complete combustion and said intermediate unit having a plurality of parallel tubes positioned below the lowermost tube unit, said fins terminating substantially inside of the upper and lower faces of each tube unit and having upper ears extending beyond the widest dimensions of each tubular element but below the top of each tubular element.

2. The boiler of claim 1, a plurality of horizontally projecting U-shaped ears projecting outwardly from the ends of each tube section and the intermediate section adjacent to the water connections and a bolt extending therethrough to hold the tube and intermediate sections together.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,247,796 7/1941 Ackerman 122-2l4 2,426,004 8/1947 Evans 122-214 2,580,033 12/1951 Loweth et a1. 1222l4 2,841,124 7/1958 Ackerman 1222l4 CHARLES J. MYHRE, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A CAST-IRON GAS-FIRED HOT-WATER BOILER COMPRISING A WIDE BASE BURNER UNIT, WITH AN INTERMEDIATE WIDE COMBUSTION CHAMBER UNIT SUPERIMPOSED ON SAID BASE UNIT, AND A PLURALITY OF RELATIVELY NARROW PARALLEL TUBE UNITS SUPERIMPOSED ON SAID INTERMEDIATE UNIT, SAID TUBE UNITS HAVING UPPER AND LOWER FACES AND HAVING CAST-IRON, HOTWATER TUBE SECTIONS WITH OUTSIDE WATER LEGS, EACH TUBE UNIT INCLUDING PARALLEL HORIZONTAL TUBULAR ELEMENTS BETWEEN THE OUTSIDE WATER LEGS AND SAID TUBULAR ELEMENTS HAVING SLOPING SIDES AND OUTSTANDING AND DOWNWARDLY EXTENDING FINS, SAID TUBULAR ELEMENTS OF EACH TUBE UNIT BEING IN STAGGERED RELATIONSHIP RELATIVE TO THE TUBULAR ELEMENTS OF THE NEXT ADJACENT TUBE UNIT, SAID BASE BURNER UNIT HAVING A PLURALITY OF GAS BURNERS EXTENDING PARALLELLY TO EACH OTHER AND TO THE WATER LEGS, A PLURALITY OF OUTSTANDING PROJECTING WATER CONNECTIONS ON THE ENDS OF THE TUBE UNITS, EACH TUBE UNIT HAVING A RECESS EXTENDING ENTIRELY AROUND THE PERIPHERY THEREOF ON THE UPPER

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