US3303006A - Method of producing solid metal materials containing pre-tensioned silica - Google Patents

Method of producing solid metal materials containing pre-tensioned silica Download PDF

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Publication number
US3303006A
US3303006A US272752A US27275262A US3303006A US 3303006 A US3303006 A US 3303006A US 272752 A US272752 A US 272752A US 27275262 A US27275262 A US 27275262A US 3303006 A US3303006 A US 3303006A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibres
silica
tensioned
metal materials
solid metal
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US272752A
Inventor
Morley John Godfrey
Proctor Basil Allister
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Rolls Royce PLC
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Rolls Royce PLC
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/42—Coatings containing inorganic materials
    • C03C25/46—Metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49801—Shaping fiber or fibered material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
    • Y10T29/49874—Prestressing rod, filament or strand
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24752—Laterally noncoextensive components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element

Definitions

  • a plurality of nonmetallic fibres are embedded in a matrix material the said fibres being prestressed by tensile loads prior to their being embedded in the matrix or being fibres which are capable of becoming stressed by tensile loads caused by an application of strain and/or heat, whereby plastic creep deformation of the matrix material will be retarded by the fibres.
  • the matrix may be made from any convenient material such as aluminium or other metal.
  • the use of the term metal is to be understood as incorporating sintered metal powders which incorporate a proportion of oxide.
  • the fibres may comprise any non-metallic material such as an inorganic silica fibre or a silicate glass fibre.
  • a plurality of silica fibres of approximately 5X10" ins. in diameter are held at each end in suitable clamping devices, and the clamping devices are moved relatively to each other to apply a predetermined tensile stress to the fibres, for example 100,000 lb./sq. inch.
  • the stress is maintained on the fibres and they are then inserted in a mould or other receptacle and aluminium or other metal poured into the mould to envelope the fibres.
  • the metal has solidified sufiiciently the tension applied to the fibers is released whereby the plastic creep deformation characteristics of the aluminium under high temperature conditions is improved beyond the characteristics of aluminium without the fibres, by the compressive force applied thereto by the fibres.
  • the fibre and matrix forming materials are chosen so that there is a large difference in their thermal expansion rates, whereby the fibres will be 3,303,006 Patented Feb. 7, 1967 ice placed under tensile stresses when the material is subjected to high temperatures, for example the fibres may have a thermal expansion rate of 5 X 10 C. whilst the matrix material may have a thermal expansion rate of 1x 10 C.
  • the fibres and matrix are produced as in the first described method, but without any tensile stress being applied to the fibres, and then the material is subjected to a stress which is sufficient to cause plastic flow or creep of the metal, whereby the fibres have a tensile load applied to them.
  • the plastic deformation of the metal causes a re-distribution of stress in the system, the major portion of the load being borne by the fibres and transmitted to them by shear loads through the metal which shear loads may be arranged to be very small.
  • the fibre and matrix material have been chosen so that they both have substantially the same modulus of elasticity, but the two materials may be chosen so as to have widely differing moduli.
  • the method which comprises teusioning silica fibers maintained so that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other, enveloping the thus stressed fibers with a molten metal having creep characteristics and substantially the same modulus of elasticity as the fibers, allowing said metal to solidify and then releasing the tension on said fibers.

Description

United States Patent 3,303,006 METHOD OF PRODUCING SOLID METAL MA- TERIALS CONTAINING PRE-TENSIONED SILICA John Godfrey Morley, Derby, and Basil Allister Proctor, Mickleover, Derby, England, assignors to Rolls-Royce Limited, a British company No Drawing. Filed Feb. 12, 1962, Ser. No. 172,752 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Feb. 11, 1961, 5,187 61 1 Claim. (Cl. 29194) This invention relates to material and has for its object the provision of means whereby the plastic creep deformation characteristics of a material are improved.
According to the present invention a plurality of nonmetallic fibres are embedded in a matrix material the said fibres being prestressed by tensile loads prior to their being embedded in the matrix or being fibres which are capable of becoming stressed by tensile loads caused by an application of strain and/or heat, whereby plastic creep deformation of the matrix material will be retarded by the fibres.
The matrix may be made from any convenient material such as aluminium or other metal. The use of the term metal is to be understood as incorporating sintered metal powders which incorporate a proportion of oxide. The fibres may comprise any non-metallic material such as an inorganic silica fibre or a silicate glass fibre.
In order that the invention can be clearly understood and readily carried into effect three alternative methods of producing a material in accordance with the invention will now be described, by way of example only.
In one method a plurality of silica fibres of approximately 5X10" ins. in diameter are held at each end in suitable clamping devices, and the clamping devices are moved relatively to each other to apply a predetermined tensile stress to the fibres, for example 100,000 lb./sq. inch.
The stress is maintained on the fibres and they are then inserted in a mould or other receptacle and aluminium or other metal poured into the mould to envelope the fibres. When the metal has solidified sufiiciently the tension applied to the fibers is released whereby the plastic creep deformation characteristics of the aluminium under high temperature conditions is improved beyond the characteristics of aluminium without the fibres, by the compressive force applied thereto by the fibres.
In an alternative method of producing a material in accordance with the invention the fibre and matrix forming materials are chosen so that there is a large difference in their thermal expansion rates, whereby the fibres will be 3,303,006 Patented Feb. 7, 1967 ice placed under tensile stresses when the material is subjected to high temperatures, for example the fibres may have a thermal expansion rate of 5 X 10 C. whilst the matrix material may have a thermal expansion rate of 1x 10 C.
In a further alternative method the fibres and matrix are produced as in the first described method, but without any tensile stress being applied to the fibres, and then the material is subjected to a stress which is sufficient to cause plastic flow or creep of the metal, whereby the fibres have a tensile load applied to them.
The plastic deformation of the metal causes a re-distribution of stress in the system, the major portion of the load being borne by the fibres and transmitted to them by shear loads through the metal which shear loads may be arranged to be very small.
In each of the foregoing examples the fibre and matrix material have been chosen so that they both have substantially the same modulus of elasticity, but the two materials may be chosen so as to have widely differing moduli.
It will be appreciated that by employing a material in accordance with the invention excess creep tendencies in the material forming the matrix are avoided as would be the case if the stressed fibres were not employed.
What we claim is:
The method which comprises teusioning silica fibers maintained so that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to each other, enveloping the thus stressed fibers with a molten metal having creep characteristics and substantially the same modulus of elasticity as the fibers, allowing said metal to solidify and then releasing the tension on said fibers.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,143,016 1/1939 Kleinschmidt 527 2,328,302 8/1943 Simison 55527 2,609,320 9/1952 Modigliani 55527 2,616,165 11/1952 Brennan 29-183 2,699,415 1/1955 Nachtman 29452 2,737,802 3/1956 Bakker 29452 2,758,952 8/1956 Toulmin 29--l83 3,007,223 11/1961 Wehrmann 29452 3,098,723 7/1963 Micks 29183.5
DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.
HYLAND BIZOT, Examiner.
N. F. MARKVA, Assistant Examiner.
US272752A 1961-02-11 1962-02-12 Method of producing solid metal materials containing pre-tensioned silica Expired - Lifetime US3303006A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5187/61A GB941240A (en) 1961-02-11 1961-02-11 Improvements relating to metal with fibrous inserts

Publications (1)

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US3303006A true US3303006A (en) 1967-02-07

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GB (1) GB941240A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3460920A (en) * 1966-10-10 1969-08-12 Whittaker Corp Filament reinforced metal composites for gas turbine blades
US3596344A (en) * 1968-09-27 1971-08-03 United Aircraft Corp Method of fabricating fiber-reinforced articles
US3691623A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-09-19 Trw Inc Process for increasing the whisker and fiber content in a matrix
WO2020126417A3 (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-08-06 Universität Paderborn Method for producing a hybrid part

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2143016A (en) * 1935-06-14 1939-01-10 Little Inc A Fibrous material for fluid contacts
US2328302A (en) * 1940-08-30 1943-08-31 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of making parallel fiber filters
US2609320A (en) * 1947-05-29 1952-09-02 Johns Manville Method of making flexible unwoven fabric
US2616165A (en) * 1947-01-18 1952-11-04 Everett D Mccurdy Electrode for electrolytic devices and methods of making same
US2699415A (en) * 1953-02-25 1955-01-11 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of producing refractory fiber laminate
US2737802A (en) * 1949-10-25 1956-03-13 Bakker Johannes Composite prestressing reinforcement
US2758952A (en) * 1954-06-25 1956-08-14 Ohio Commw Eng Co Structural materials particularly useful as protective armour
US3007223A (en) * 1958-05-29 1961-11-07 L & L Mfg Inc Process and apparatus for controlling shrinkage in and otherwise improving the characteristics of tubular fabrics
US3098723A (en) * 1960-01-18 1963-07-23 Rand Corp Novel structural composite material

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2143016A (en) * 1935-06-14 1939-01-10 Little Inc A Fibrous material for fluid contacts
US2328302A (en) * 1940-08-30 1943-08-31 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of making parallel fiber filters
US2616165A (en) * 1947-01-18 1952-11-04 Everett D Mccurdy Electrode for electrolytic devices and methods of making same
US2609320A (en) * 1947-05-29 1952-09-02 Johns Manville Method of making flexible unwoven fabric
US2737802A (en) * 1949-10-25 1956-03-13 Bakker Johannes Composite prestressing reinforcement
US2699415A (en) * 1953-02-25 1955-01-11 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of producing refractory fiber laminate
US2758952A (en) * 1954-06-25 1956-08-14 Ohio Commw Eng Co Structural materials particularly useful as protective armour
US3007223A (en) * 1958-05-29 1961-11-07 L & L Mfg Inc Process and apparatus for controlling shrinkage in and otherwise improving the characteristics of tubular fabrics
US3098723A (en) * 1960-01-18 1963-07-23 Rand Corp Novel structural composite material

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3460920A (en) * 1966-10-10 1969-08-12 Whittaker Corp Filament reinforced metal composites for gas turbine blades
US3596344A (en) * 1968-09-27 1971-08-03 United Aircraft Corp Method of fabricating fiber-reinforced articles
US3691623A (en) * 1970-10-09 1972-09-19 Trw Inc Process for increasing the whisker and fiber content in a matrix
WO2020126417A3 (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-08-06 Universität Paderborn Method for producing a hybrid part

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB941240A (en) 1963-11-06

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