US329370A - And asa - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US329370A US329370A US329370DA US329370A US 329370 A US329370 A US 329370A US 329370D A US329370D A US 329370DA US 329370 A US329370 A US 329370A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- blocks
- pulp
- grinding
- block
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003917 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 description 2
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
Definitions
- the object of this invention is to facilitate the mechanical separation of wood fibers from IO the block direct, and to greatly, improve the quality of the pulp produced by'the succession of steps hereinafter described.
- the block is reduced to pulp with one-half the power required to grind a block not so treated, and the pulp produced is much softer, stronger, and more desirable, since the fibers are not broken up or comminuted, but are more nearly in their natural condition, with their lateral beards or filaments preserved, so that when reunited in the paper sheet special toughness and tenacity are attained.
- the pulp produced 6 5 is of superior quality, and as the blocks have absorbed only so much of the chemicals as is beneficial to the fiber, it is in condition for the successive steps in the production of various grades of paper of special strength, and for 7Q numerous other purposes in the arts. If preferrcd, however, this fiber may be mixed with hard stock made of other material, such mixture producing paper or board of exceptional toughness.
- a third party treats bamboo and like hollow vegetable products in a chemical solu tion until sufficiently softened to bale comp'actly for transportation, and subsequently disintegrates the material in the common 5 paper-maker s rag-engine.
- Another treats pieces of wood by first steaming them, then removing the acids generated in the steaming operation, next treating the steamed wood with alkali, and, finally, grinding or reducing the rec pieces to pulp.
- Steaming has been resorted to for the purpose of removing the bark from wooden blocks preparatory to grinding the solid parts thereof, and wood has also been 5 treated with water sprinkled on it from above, and steam simultaneously applied from beneath it, inorder to soften and cleanse it preparatory to grinding. All such processes I disclaim; but
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT Oriana.
GEORGE F. CUSHMAN, OF BARNET, VERMONT, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, FRAN- CIS A. OUSHMAN, OF LEBANON, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AND ASA O. RUSSELL AND GEORGE S. OUSI-IING, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.
PROCESS OF MAKlNG PAPER-PULP FROM WOODEN BLOCKS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 329,370, dated October 27, 1885.
Application filed June 29, 1885. Serial No. 170,174.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE I CUSHMAN, of Barnet, in the county of Caledonia and State of Vermont, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Process of Making Paper- Pulp from Wooden Blocks, of which the following is a specification.
. The object of this invention is to facilitate the mechanical separation of wood fibers from IO the block direct, and to greatly, improve the quality of the pulp produced by'the succession of steps hereinafter described.
I have discovered that the production of wood pulp for papermaking, &c., commonly carried on by grinding the wooden blocks on a revolving stone, so as to disintegrate the fibers, may be greatly facilitated byapreliminary cooking of the block in a bath of boiling hot water with lime, soda-ash, or equivalent 2o chemical agent in solution, to soften the block, toughen the fibers, and lessen their lateral adhesion, and by subsequently grinding the blocks so treated to mechanically separate the loosened fibers. By my process the block is reduced to pulp with one-half the power required to grind a block not so treated, and the pulp produced is much softer, stronger, and more desirable, since the fibers are not broken up or comminuted, but are more nearly in their natural condition, with their lateral beards or filaments preserved, so that when reunited in the paper sheet special toughness and tenacity are attained.
In carrying out my inventiomlimmerse the 3 solid wooden blocks in a strong solution of lime, soda-ash, chloride of lime, or equivalent chemical agent, kept boiling hot by the introduction of steam or otherwise, and adapted to soften the blocks in readiness for grinding, and
0 I retain the blocks under treatment from ten to twenty-four hours, or until the liquid has had time to penetrate all parts of the block, and the lateral adhesion of the fibers is so weakened that they will readily separate by 5 the attrition of the grinding-stone without being broken short or reduced to a mere powder; and as the chemical action is most rapid in the direction of thelength of the fibers, I am accustomed to cut the block much shorter than is usual, or to form transverse saw-scarfs (Spccimcns.)
at intervals between its ends, in order that the solution may readily penetrate from each end to the center, so as to loosen and toughen the fibers throughout the block. The pressure of steam above the liquid in the tank tends to force the solution into all the pores of the immersed blocks. I then remove the blor K from the tank and subject them to the action of the grinders in the usual way, keeping a constant stream of water upon the stone; and l 6 find the disintegration to be effected with great rapidity, owing to the preliminary treatment received by the blocks, and also that no washing is required beyond what results from wetting down the stone. The pulp produced 6 5 is of superior quality, and as the blocks have absorbed only so much of the chemicals as is beneficial to the fiber, it is in condition for the successive steps in the production of various grades of paper of special strength, and for 7Q numerous other purposes in the arts. If preferrcd, however,this fiber may be mixed with hard stock made of other material, such mixture producing paper or board of exceptional toughness.
I am aware that many different methods of producing paper-pulp from vegetable fiber have been employed. One proposes splitting wood to suitable size and crushing it between rollers, so as to separate the fibers longitudi- 8o nally, afterward steeping such mechanicallycrushed fibers in a succession of baths, each warmer than the preceding one, with alternate rinsings, and, finally, boiling, bleaching, and grinding these separated fibers. Another proposes, preparatory to bleaching, to reduce the wood to small pieces, macerate them with cold water and lime for about a month, or a omit such maceration altogether,and grind on a stone turning in the trough containing the c liquid. A third party treats bamboo and like hollow vegetable products in a chemical solu tion until sufficiently softened to bale comp'actly for transportation, and subsequently disintegrates the material in the common 5 paper-maker s rag-engine. Another treats pieces of wood by first steaming them, then removing the acids generated in the steaming operation, next treating the steamed wood with alkali, and, finally, grinding or reducing the rec pieces to pulp. Steaming has been resorted to for the purpose of removing the bark from wooden blocks preparatory to grinding the solid parts thereof, and wood has also been 5 treated with water sprinkled on it from above, and steam simultaneously applied from beneath it, inorder to soften and cleanse it preparatory to grinding. All such processes I disclaim; but
[ Iclaim as my invention- 1. The herein-described process of treating wooden blocks for the production of pulp,
consisting in first cooking the blocks in a hot solution of lime, soda-ash, or equivalent chem- 1 ical substances, to promote lateral separation and toughening of the fibers, and afterward removing the blocks from such solution and subjecting them to the action of a grindingroller, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The herein-described process of producing paper-pul p from wooden blocks, consisting i.: sawing the blocks transversely to short lengths, chemically treating them in a hot liquid solution such as described, for the purpose of loosening and toughening the fibers, and subsequently disintegrating the fibers by grinding the blocks on a revolving stone, sub-. stantially as set forth.
In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specifieation,in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 12th day of June,
GEORGE J3. OUSHMAN.
Witnesses:
H. S. Roo'r,
NV. A. HorKINs.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US329370A true US329370A (en) | 1885-10-27 |
Family
ID=2398478
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US329370D Expired - Lifetime US329370A (en) | And asa |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US329370A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2956918A (en) * | 1957-07-09 | 1960-10-18 | Francis H Snyder And Associate | Chemically assisted mechanical wood pulp |
-
0
- US US329370D patent/US329370A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2956918A (en) * | 1957-07-09 | 1960-10-18 | Francis H Snyder And Associate | Chemically assisted mechanical wood pulp |
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