US3289534A

US3289534A - Gun elevation control device

Info

Publication number: US3289534A
Application number: US368580A
Authority: US
Inventors: Becker Helmut; Frenk Helmuth; Schmidt Horst
Original assignee: Ernst Leitz Wetzlar GmbH
Current assignee: Ernst Leitz Wetzlar GmbH
Priority date: 1963-05-22
Filing date: 1964-05-19
Publication date: 1966-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 1983-12-06
Also published as: DE1183408B; GB1025550A

Description

33-235- XR 3s2895'%4 5R DeC- 6, 1966 H. BECKER ETAL 3,289,534

GUN ELEVATION CONTROL DEVICE Filed May 19, 1964 2 sheets-sheet 1 CAM & F/.LDWER Dec. 6, 1966 H. BECKER ETAL 3,289,534

GUN ELEVATION CONTROL DEVICE y Filed May 19. 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent Ofice 3,289,534 Patented Dec. 6, 1966 3,289,534 GUN ELEVATION CONTROL DEVICE Helmut Becker and Helmuth Frenk, Wetzlar, and Horst Schmidt, Nauborn, Kreis Wetzlar, Germany, assignors to Ernst Leitz G.m.b.H. Wetzlar, Wetzlar, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed May 19, 1964, Ser. No. 368,580

Claims priority, appiication Germany, May 22, 1963,

S Claims. (Cl. 89--41) The present invention relates to a device for adjusting the elevation of guns. The invention rel-ates particularly to an adjusting device of such nature in which an optical gun sight instrument is operatively connected to the gun barrel.

Combinations of optical gun sights and gun barrels are already known. The known devices usually comprise a gun sight coupled, for example, `aiiixed to the gun barrel so that pivoting of the gun sight about a horizontal axis is transmitted to the gun at a 1:1 ratio for pivoting of the gun barrel. In order to consider the ballistic correction angle required to impart and determine the correct trajectory for the projectile, an `additional elevation angle adjustment is required. The known devices adjust the gun barrel after the distance to the target has been determined. Usually the gun sight is provided with marker plates having a number of different markers each being associated with a particular distance. The gun lbarrel and the gun sight are then being adjusted together and -by an angle required to have the target as viewed through the gun sight register with the particular marker associated with the specific distance of the target. Thereby the ballistic correction is imparted upon the gun barrel.

It is a disadvantage `of this particular arrangement that the adjustment is true and correct only for one particular type of projectile. If a different type of projectile is being used a different marker plate has to be inserted.

Another type of known devices operates with a lixedly positioned gun sight, but there is a pivotable mirror in the gun sight which is adjusted for determining the line of sight. When the mirror rotates the elevation of the gun barrel is adjusted accordingly. In both cases, however, there is the disadvantage that the measurement of the distance and the adjustment of the additional ballistic angles are two entirely different operation steps.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned deficiencies by operatively coupling range finding and ballistic adjustment of the gun barrel.

According to one aspect of the present invention in the preferred embodiment thereof, it is suggested to first employ a gun sight which includes a variable optical element to determine the direction of the line of sight as between gun and target, and coupling means are interposed between the gun sight and a gun barrel, to adjust the elevation of the gun barrel in accordance with the line of sight adjustment as furnished by said variable optical element.

As an adjustable optical element one can employ a plane mirror pivotally positioned at the object side of the gun sight and being operatively coupled to the gun barrel for adjusting the elevation of the gun barrel to the direction of the line of sight as determined by the adjustment of this mirror with respect to the stationary gun sight optic, and as optically detectable by the position of the image of the target relative to a reference marker positioned in the image plane of the eyepiece pertaining to the gun sight.

Next, it is suggested to employ a range finder which upon adjustment furnishes an adjusting value that is representative of the distance between gun and target, and this adjusting value is used directly to alter the adjusted relation between the gun barrel, on the one hand, and the line of sight and target image adjustment as visible in the gun sight in relation to the reference marker on the other hand. The range finder adjustment value may either be transmitted directly for adjusting the elevation of the gun barrel so as to provide for the ballistic correction thereof. Alternatively, the range finder adjustment may be fed into the gun sight in that a second adjustable optical element in the gun sight varies the relative position of target image and reference marker. Upon so infiuencing the gun sight, the latter requires readjustment thereof, and the adjustment of the ldirection finding optical element of the gun sight is then additionally transmitted to the gun barrel to impart thereon the required ballistic correction.

In a preferred embodiment it is possible to structurally and optically combine the gun sight and the range finder. The gun sight optic may then incorporate variable means to constitute a range finder, and the adjustment of the range finder is either directly transmitted to the gun barrel for providing thereto the ballistic elevational correction, or the range finder adjusting means may influence -a reference marker in the range finder-gun sight which is adjustable perpendicularly to the optical axis of the gun sight-range finder. The adjustment of this reference marker in response to the range finder adjustment requires readjustment of the direction finding element of the gun sight whereby additionally the ballistics correction is imparted upon the gun barrel. If a gun sight is provided with a pivotable target searching mirror as well as with a fixed marker in the image plane of the eyepiece, the ballistic angle may be transmitted from the range finder to the gun barrel via a differential gear which ar- -ditionally is driven by the mirror of the gun sight when adjusted. Preferably, a vario optic is being used for range finding which vario optic is incorporated in the gun sight. The adjusting knob or handle for the range finder is operatively coupled, for example, by means of a rope to `a transmission device which determines the Iballistic angle necessary and corresponding to the degree of adjustment required for increasing or decreasing the magnification of the target image to a fixed standard. This transmission of magnification adjustment to gun elevation is preferably carn'ed out by means of a carriage having an adjustable follower curvature considering the ballistics of the projectile. The azimuth angle can be adjusted additionally.

While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as the invention, it is believed that the invention, the objects and features of the invention, and further objects, features and advantages thereof will be `better understood lfrom the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIGURE la illustrates somewhat schematically in perspective and partially exploded view the coupling of a gun barrel to the princi-pal adjusting element of a gun sight as well as to the transmission element operated by a range finder;

FIGURE lb illustrates somewhat schematically the optical path of a combined range finder and gun sight with adjustable direction finder and vario optic including a somewhat schematical illustration of the adjustment elements of the range finder including the transmission element shown in FIGURE la;

FIGURE 1c illustrates the reference marker employed in the gun sight shown in FIGURE 1b;

FIGURE 2a illustrates somewhat schematically and in perspective view the coupling of a gun sight and gun barrel in a second embodiment of the invention;

FIGURE 2b illustrates schematically another embodiment of the invention wherein the vario optic is coupled to influence the line of sight adjustment of the gun sight which is structurally incorporated in the range finder; and

FIGURE 2c illustrates schematically a front view of a reference marker employed in the embodiment shown in FIGURE 2b.

`Proceeding now to the detailed description of the drawings, and particularly FIGURES la and 1b thereof, there are shown specifically in FIGURE 1b, optical elements constituting a combined range finder and gun sight. The gun sight comprises an objective lens 1 which is stationarily mounted. On the object side of this objective lens 1 there is provided a plane mirror 3 which is pivotable `by a shaft 2 which extends transversely to the optical axis of objective 1. Actually, the axis of shaft 2 is truly horizontal and the optical axis of objective 1 extends vertically. The mirror 3 is positioned to reflect incoming rays, i.e., rays from the target into the range of objective 1.

Two mirrors 4 and S further reflect the rays coming from the objective lens 1 for directing them through a field lens 1a. The light rays from eld lens 1a then enter an intermediate optical system 6 comprised of an optical negative member 7 and of an optical positive member S. In order to adjust and to vary the magnification of the gun sight, the two members 7 and 8 are adjustable relative to each other and in the direction of their common optical axis. These elements thus provide for the structural combination of gun sight and range finder. For purposes of such adjustment the members 7 and 8 are suitably mounted, and preferably, they are axially shiftable by means of an adjustment knob 9. The knob 9 may comprise a rotatable dial which includes a scale 10 cooperation with a stationary marker 10a for indicating corrective values, for example, lateral ballistic correction angles.

The light rays leaving the intermediate system 6 through the adjustable member 8 are being deflected by a prism 11 by 90, directing the imaging rays into a dove prism 12 for image erection. The erected imaging rays are then passed on to another positive member 13 which can be regarded as pertaining to the intermediate system 6 but this lens 13 is stationary. Another prism 14 then directs the light through a stationary marker plate or grating 15 and to the eyepiece 15a. The plate 15' is positioned in the virtual image plane of eyepiece 15a so that plate and target image are visible in the field of view of the eyepiece in superimposed relationship. The marker plate 15 is illustrated in detail in FIGURE 1c, and it includes a contrast producing contour line 16 which outlines roughly the shape of the target in a representative image size.

Referring now specifically to FIGURE la, there is shown again the mirror 3 mounted at the end of shaft 2 for pivot motion therewith. A gear wheel 17 is secured to the shaft 2 and a suitable schematically illustrated driving or adjusting mechanism may rotate this gear wheel 17 thereby pivoting the mirror 3. Mirror 3 and shaft 2 may also be adjusted manually by direct manual control of wheel 17. The rotary motion of wheel 17 and of mirror 3 is imparted additionally upon a differential gear 21 illustrated in exploded view and comprising a driving sun wheel 18, planet wheels 20, and a driven sun wheel19.

The sun wheel 19 is mounted on a shaft 24, and the rotary motion imparted upon this sun wheel 19 is transmitted to an electromechanical transmission gear or servo gearing mechanism 25 which operates as a power amplier so that a high powered or high torque rotary motion is imparted upon shaft 22 supporting the gun barrel 23. Accordingly, any rotary motion imparted'upon the sun Wheel 19 is transmitted as a high powered pivot motion to adjust the elevation of gun barrel 23.

The mirror shaft 2 drives the two planet wheels 2t). The sun wheel 18 is seated on shaft 2, but it is freely rotatable relative thereto. The end of a control lever 26 is secured to the sun wheel 18. The free lever arm of control lever 26 is provided with a pivot roller or pinion 27 bearing against a control member 28 operating as a cam. The control member 28 is supported by two

rotatable cam disks

30 and 31. The cam disks 3i) and 31 themselves are rotatably mounted on `a carriage 29. A Spring 32 is secured with one end to a suitably provided lug pertaining to carriage 29, and with the other end the spring 32 engages a similar lug in control member 28 to urge the control member 28 intro engagement with both

cam disks

39 and 31.

The contour of the

cam disks

30 and 31 can readily be derived from the drawing, and it is apparent that by rotating one or both of the cam disks 3i) and 31, the inclination of control member 38 is made adjustable. This adjustment occurs relative to the carriage 29 and particularly to the sliding plane 33 thereof.

The carriage 29 can be guided along the sliding plane 33 against the tension of the spring 29a by means of a rope 34 which runs over guide pulleys 35 and can be wound upon a bobbin 9a pertaining to dial 9. Accordingly, upon adjustment of dial 9 the effective length of the rope 34 can be varied, and thereby the carriage 29 is being moved; in the drawing movement is to the left and against the tension of spring 29a, or upon reversal of the dial movement, the spring 29a can cause retraction of the carriage 29 towards the right. The carriage movement is imparted upon the lever 26 as pivot motion around the axis of shaft 2, and the slope of control member 2S determines the ratio between carriage movement and pivot angle of control lever 26.

The device as described thus far operates as follows: First, the mirror 3 is being adjusted by imparting a rotary motion upon the gear wheel 17, until the target image appears in the observation field and centrally relative to contour 16 so that it can be seen through the eyepiece 15a. The relative position of mirror 3 now defines the direction of the line of sight between gun and target. The differential gear 21 operates for transmitting this relative position of mirror 3 and the pivot motion of shaft 2 at a ratio of 1:2 upon shaft 24, and the power amplifying device 25 transmits this adjustment motion upon shaft Z2 for an initial adjustment of elevation of the gun 23. After adjustment, the gun points directly at the target. It is assumed that the transmission ratio as between shafts 24 and 22 is 1:1. Thus, the initial adjustment of the gun is carried out concurrently with thc initial adjustment of the mirror 3 until the target appears visible in the eyepiece 15a.

The reason for the 1:2 ratio by the differential gear 21 is to be seen in the following. Assuming that the target is straight ahead, the mirror 3 will have to be adjusted to a position which is exactly 45 to the horizontal or the vertical. ln this case the gun barrel 23 has a position to point in a straight horizontal direction. For a target almost straight up, the mirror 3 has to be adjusted by not quite 45 and almost in a vertically extending plane in order to direct the image rays from the target into the gun sight for rendering the target visible. `Concurrently thereto, the gun barrel 23 will have to be adjusted by about in order to be directed almost straight up. Thus, the adjustment ratio between mirror 3 on the one hand and the gun barrel on the other hand must follow the ratio of 1:2.

The rules of ballistics have to be considered next in order to adjust the elevation of the gun barrel 23 so that the projectile is launched into the correct trajectory. Two factors have to be considered. One factor is the ballistic characteristics of the bullet or projectile itself, and the other factor is distance between gun and target.

The characteristics of the projectile are being considered by adjusting the cam disks 36 `and 31. By suitably Calibrating the

disks

30 and 31, they can be adjusted to such a position so as to determine the specific inclination of the control member 23 in a manner characteristic of the projectile. This adjustment by itself may or may not immediately impart a movement upon lever 26. VHowever, the variation in the inclination of control member 28 adjusts the transmission ratio of carriage movement on the one hand and pivot angle of lever 26 on the other hand.

The carriage 29 is now being adjusted by actuation of dial 9. The degree of ladjustment is determined by the change in magnification produced and needed to have the target image match contour 16. When upon adjustment of dial 9 the magnification of the gun sight is being adjusted, the distance between the two members 7 and 8 of the variable optic is being changed until the tar-get image :as viewed through the eyepiece 15a matches precisely the contour 16. Of course, a prerequisite of this measure is t-o be seen that the natural size of the target itself is known. However, this does not present any difficulties because these sizes are in fact known, or at least portions are known so ias to permit .an estimate of actual overall size `of the target. Also, there may be provided various contour lines or other size-identifying markers on the plate 15.

Upon adjusting the magnification of the gun sightrange iinder to the extent that the image of the target matches corresponding dimensions of the contour line 16, the rope 34 is being adjusted, and the corresponding movement is being imparted upon the carriage 29. The control member 28 on carriage 29 ypivots the lever 26 by a particular an-gle, and wheel 18 follows this lever motion by rotating wheel 18 for a similar angle. The rotation is imparted upon the sun wheel 19 and to shaft 22 at a 1:2 ratio, so that the gun barrel 23 is now being adjusted for the additional ballistic correction angle. For proper adjustment it is knovm that according to the rules of ballistics, normally the gun barrel 23 must have ultimately a larger .angle relative to the vertical the closer the target is.

Looking at FIGURE la, such larger angle or such adjustment towards larger angle requires counterclockwise rotation of sun 'wheel 18, because the rotary motion of sun wheel 1S is being transmitted upon the sun wheel 19 via the planet wheels 20 in opposite directions. From FIGURE 1b one can, therefore, see that counterclockwise movement of the dial 9 will move the carriage 29 to the Ileft resulting in a counterclockwise rotation of lever 26 and wheel 28 so as to increase the elevation of the gun. An adjustment of dial 9 in clockwise direction causes the spring 29a to retract the carriage 29, whereupon the arm 26 will pivot in clock'wise direction to respectively decrease the elevation of the gun barrel 23 as is correct for a closer target. The various parts are machined and dimensioned so that the gun barrel 23 is being pivoted by an angle corresponding to the required ballistic correction whenever the image of the target matches the contour 16.

It can be seen further from FIGURE 1b that 4the adjusting knob 9 can be operatively connected to another cam follower 39 -of suitable design which controls an azimuth `drive 39' for laterally adjusting the gun barrel 23. In particular, -this azimuth drive 39 may be provided for any kind of lateral or azimuthal ballistic correction.

In this embodiment, the gun sight and the :range finder are structurally combined, and they are functionally interrelated only insofar as the direction finding characteristi-cs of the optical device facilitates range finding. The line Iof sight adjustment and the ballistic correction are independently imparted upon the gun barrel, but the gun barrel is directly coupled to both the line of sight adjustment means and the vario optic of the Vrange finder.

Proceeding now to the description of the second embodiment of the present invention which is illustrated in FIGURES 2a, 2b and 2c, there are shown several elements which correspond to those illustrated in FIGURES la through 1c. In particular, the optical arrangement and the gun sight itself comprised of

elements

1, 3, 4, 5, 1a, 7, 8, 11 to 14 and 15a are the same as shown in FIG- URE 1b. However, instead of a fixed marker plate 15 as shown in FIGURE 1b, there is shown in FIGURE 2b and FIGURE 2c an adjustable marker plate 36. The marker plate 36 is guided in members 38 so as to be adjustable perpendicularly to the optical axis of the eyepiece 15a. Marker plate 36 is guided in the drawings in vertical direction. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the carriage 29 is positioned so that the control member 28 supported by carriage 29 bears against a roller 37 pertaining to a guide feeler of marker plate 36. An adjusting rope 42 is again provided for being wound partially upon the bobbin 9a of dial 9. A guide pull-ey 39 directs this rope 40 horizontally and towards carriage 29 which is spring biased `by means of the spring 29a, also as aforedescribed. Hence, in this embodiment the carriage 29 and the control member 2S do not influence the transmission of rotary motion as between mirror 3 and the gun barrel 23, but they change the reference to the line of sight determined by the gun sight when the target image is in the center.

As shown in FIGURE 2a, the mirror 3 is of course adjustable and the adjustment movement required to direct the light rays from the target into the gun sight to appear as image in eyepiece 15a, is being carried out here by the driving element 41 such as a gear or adjusting wheel. The rotary adjusting motion is being transmitted directly by a power transmission arrangement that again provides for a 1:2 step up in angular transmission. The transmission device 42 is not illustrated in detail, and it can be of any -suitable design which is capable of transmitting a rotary motion of relatively low power in a 1:2 ratio as high powered or high torque rotary movement upon the gun barrel 23 which is not shown in this drawing, but the device is analogous tothat shown in FIG- URE la in this respect.

The device illustrated in this embodiment and particularly as illustrated in FIGURES 2b and 2c operates as follows: At first the mirror 3 is bein-g adjusted in order to render the target visible in eyepiece 15a. Thereby, the gun barrel is adjusted to point towards the target along the line of sight, and this initial .adjustment movement is precisely the same as described above. The

cam disks

30 and 31 are bein-g adjusted either before or afterwards in order to accommodate the gun for the particular ballistic characteristics of the projectile used. Next, the magnification rratio of the gun sight is being adjusted by actuating the dial 9, and the vario optic 6 is being adjusted accordingly. The adjustment of `dial 9 is transmitted upon the carriage 29. Thus -this particular aspect is also similar to the aforedescribed embodiment in that the dial 9 directly adjusts the relative position of the control member 28 t-o the cam follower 37.

The horizontal carriage movement is transmitted as a vertical movement of marker plate 36 as scanned by feeler wheel 37. Of course, the transmission ratio of horizontal carriage movement to vertical feeler movement depends upon the inclination of the control member 28 which inclination was adjusted by the

cam disks

30 and 31. When the size of the image of the target corresponds to the size Iof the contour 16, the contour line 16 actually has been shifted up or down. The target image is now misaligned in the optic as compared with the initial lineof-sight adjustment. In order to provide again for correct position of the target image, the mirror 3 has to be readjusted by lan additional angle and until the image of the target again matches and is directly superimposed upon contour line 16.

The adjustment of mirror 3 by means of adjusting device 41, of course, depends on the extent with which the marker plate 36 was moved vertically by the control member 28 when during adjustment of the magnification the dial 9 shifted the carriage 29. Again, the degree of adjusting the marker plate 36 depends on the distance of the target from the gun, because the distance of the target is reliected upon the degree of adjustment required for proper change in image magnification. When now by means of the adjusting device 41 the mirror 3 is being pivoted to put the image of the target back into contour matching relationship with the contour line 16, the degree of mirror adjustment corresponds to the required ballistic angle, and is transmitted upon the gun barrel accordingly.

The marker plate 36 shown in FIGURE 2 shows an additional marker 16a which in effect permits adjustment to a larger distance. The target size itself is the same, but the vertical distance between the contour line 16 and the smaller contour line 16a corresponds to an adjustment angle of mirror 3 which compensates for the different degrees of magnification adjustment necessary to have the target image match either contour line 16 or contour line 16a.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but all changes and modifications thereof and not constituting departures from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A device for adjusting the elevation of a gun barrel comprising:

a stationary gun sight;

rst optical means adjustable for directing the viewing field of said gun sight into the line of sight as between gun and target;

an adjustable reference marker in said gun sight;

second adjustable optical means in said gun sight for providing an adjustment value representative of the distance between gun and target thereby establishing a range finder;

first transmission means for operatively coupling said first optical means to said gun barrel for correspondingly adjusting the elevation thereof in response to adjustment of said first optical means; and

second transmission means including a cam follower device coupled for adjustment to said range finder and operating upon a feeler means for coupling said second adjustable optical element to said reference marker, for shifting said reference marker upon said range finder adjustment and by a value corresponding to the ballistic trajectory and the distance between gun and target.

2. In a device as set forth in claim 1. said cam follower including a carriage shifted in response to adjustment of said range finder and having a control member bearing against said feeling means for transmitting thereto the shifting of said carriage as adjusting displacement,

3. A device as set forth in claim 2, said control member being adjustable for varying the ratio as between carriage shifting aud displacement of said member in accordance with a desired projectile trajectory.

4. A device as set forth in claim 2, said control member defining a cam follower surface bearing against said feeler means, there being two adjusting elements for angularly adjusting said control surface relative to the direction of shifting of said carriage.

5. A device for adjusting the elevation of gun barrels, comprising:

a stationary optical gun sight including optical reference means and adjustable optical means for adjusting the direction of the line of sight and of the viewing field between gun sight and target as observed by said gun sight and in relation to said reference means;

transmission means for transmitting said adjustment of said optical means as elevational adjustment upon said gun barrel;

adjustable range finder means for providing an adjustment value representative of the distance between gun and target; and means for coupling said range finder to said reference means so as to adjust said reference means in response to adjustment of said range finder and relative to the line of sight adjustment as adjusted by said optical adjustment means for changing the adjustment relation between the line of sight as detected relative to said reference means and the adjustment of said gun barrel as corresponding to the adjustment of said first optical element. 6. A device for adjusting the elevation of gun barrels, comprising:

optical direction finder means for detecting the direction of the line of sight as between gun and target and furnishing an adjusting value representative thereof; optical range finder means including a vario optic for determining the distance between gun and target and for providing a second adjusting value representative thereof; means for varying the relationship between vario optic `adjustment and said second adjusting value in response to predeterminable ballistic trajectory characteristics; and means for varying the elevation of said gun barrel by a value which is representative of said first and said second adjustment values. 7. A device for adjusting the elevation of a gun barrel comprising:

an optical gun sight incorporating therein adjustable optical means for variation of magnification so as to constitute a combined gun sight and range finder; direction adjustable optical means optically coupled to said gun sight for directing the viewing field into the line of sight with `a target; means for transmitting the adjustment of said optical means as line of sight elevational adjustment to said gun barrel; and means coupled to said magnification adjustment means for providing an additional corrective value corresponding to the ballistical correction of the elevation of said gun barrel. 8. A device for adjusting the elevation of gun barrels, the combination comprising:

optical direction nder means for detecting the direction of the line of sight as between gun and target; means operatively coupled to said direction finder means for adjusting elevation of gun barrel so as to correspond to the direction as detected by said direction finder means; optical range finder means for determining the distance between gun and target; transmission means for transmitting the range finder adjustment as additional elevation upon said gun; and means for varying the transmission ratio of said transmission means.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,385,348 9/1945 Chafee 89-41 2,407,665 9/ 1946 Holschuh et al 23S-61.5 2,561,924 7/1951 Hellen 2 88-12 2,609,606 9/1952 Draper et al 89-41 FOREIGN PATENTS 217,351 9/1961 Austria.

OTHER REFERENCES German `application 1,089,185, Hopp, September 15, 1960.

SAMUEL FEINBERG, Primary Examiner.

FRED C. MATTERN, IR., BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT,

Examiners. W. C. ROCH, Assisla/zt Examiner.

Claims

7. A DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE ELEVATION OF A GUN BARREL COMPRISING: AN OPTICAL GUN SIGHT INCORPORATING THEREIN ADJUSTABLE OPTICAL MEANS FOR VARIATION OF MAGNIFICATION SO AS TO CONSTITUTE A COMBINED BUN SIGHT AND RANGE FINDER; DIRECTION ADJUSTABLE OPTICAL MEANS OPTICALLY COUPLED TO SAID GUN SIGHT FOR DIRECTING THE VIEWING FIELD INTO THE LINE OF SIGHT WITH A TARGET; MEANS FOR TRANSMITTING THE ADJUSTMENT OF SAID OPTICAL