US3269269A - Combat vehicle - Google Patents
Combat vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3269269A US3269269A US418368A US41836864A US3269269A US 3269269 A US3269269 A US 3269269A US 418368 A US418368 A US 418368A US 41836864 A US41836864 A US 41836864A US 3269269 A US3269269 A US 3269269A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- turret
- weapon
- combat
- combat vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
- F41A23/24—Turret gun mountings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
- F41G1/38—Telescopic sights specially adapted for smallarms or ordnance; Supports or mountings therefor
- F41G1/393—Mounting telescopic sights on ordnance; Transmission of sight movements to the associated gun
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
- F41H5/266—Periscopes for fighting or armoured vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combat vehicle, particularly of armored construction, having, for example, either tracks or an all-wheeled drive and a heavy weapon, preferably a cannon, mounted thereon.
- a combat vehicle particularly of armored construction, having, for example, either tracks or an all-wheeled drive and a heavy weapon, preferably a cannon, mounted thereon.
- a heavy weapon preferably a cannon
- the cannon be mounted on the vehicle in as low a position as possible in order to absorb the considerable recoil forces inherent in large caliber flattrajectory weapons, yet without the effect being thereby produced of vehicle movements which are unduly large.
- a combat vehicle construction which eliminates the drawbacks and disadvantages mentioned above.
- the turret which contains the heavy weapon is mounted on the vehicle with an axis of rotation which is slightly forwardly inclined with respect to the vertical, so that it is seated on the vehicle in as low a position as possible in the front portion thereof whereas the rear portion of the rotary turret is provided at a higher position; thus, there is sufficient height in the rear portion of the vehicle body or superstructure to accommodate the power plant and associated driving equipment.
- a minimum muzzle height of the weapon is obtained by this construction for the most frequently used portion of the lateral alignment range in which the weapon deviates from the directly forward position by above at the most.
- a low position of the trunnion of the weapon is attained and thereby the roof of the turret may have a low silhouette without reducing the elevation alignment range of the weapon, when firing at a depressed angle towards the front of the vehicle, to as great an extent as is the case in conventional constructions.
- Another significant advantage of the construction of the present invention is that the turret is mounted so that the weapon can be rotated through a full 360.
- the vehicle can be driven with the weapon rotated to the rearward position whereby the barrel thereof will be carried in a .position higher than it would be in the front of the vehicle and, thus, the danger of the barrel striking the ground while the vehicle is traversing rough terrain is greatly reduced, particularly as compared to those constructions in which the weapon must point forwardly when the vehicle is not traveling in a condition of combat readiness.
- the weapon can be fired when it is pointed toward the rear of the vehicle although in this case, the elevation alignment range is somewhat reduced at depressed angles of firing.
- the elevation alignment range is increased beyond the normal extent, both for firing in the forward and rearward directions.
- the aforementioned reduction in the elevation alignment range at depressed angles of firing, when firing in the rearward direction is either completely eliminated or eliminated to even more than the required degree.
- the vertically adjustable wheel suspension mentioned above should be separately aligned with respect to each other and in a manner such that the vehicle superstructure can be inclined about the longitudinal axis thereof.
- the driver is accommodated in the turret and the drivers visual means, i.e., the drivers periscope, is mounted in the turret roof. Ordinarily, this would produce the problem that the driver and his periscope would rotate with the turret and the driver would at times thereby be deprived of a view in the driving direction.
- the viewing portion of the drivers periscope is mounted in a manner such that it is counter-rotated with respect to the turret, during the rotations of the latter, from that portion of the turret which is rigid with the vehicle, for example, by means of a mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic transmission in a manner such that the driver will always look in the forward direction, with reference to the vehicle.
- the construction of the present invention also provides that the viewing portion of the drivers periscope is reversed in a manner such that when driving the vehicle in reverse gear or after reversing, the driver will have a view in the reversed direction with reference to the vehicle without having to change his position in the vehicle specifically for that purpose.
- the drivers periscope as well as, if desired, the optical system of the vehicle commander for observation and/or for target direction are stabilized in known manner, preferably by means of gyroscopes, so that all of the rotary movements of the vehicle are compensated for, at least about the vertical axis thereof, and a stationary image is obtained.
- FIGURE 1 is a view in elevation of an armored combat vehicle having a tracked drive and cannon installed in a turret thereon, and
- FIGURE 2 is a top view of the vehicle of FIGURE 1.
- the reference numeral 1 designates the combat vehicle having tracks thereon.
- a turret 2 is mounted on the vehicle superstructure and has a forwardly inclined axis of rotation 5.
- the trunnion 6 of the cannon is accommodated in a low position as a result of the angularly mounted or inclined turret.
- the distance 4 between the breech of the cannon and the roof 7 of the turret remains and is sufficient for firing the cannon at depressed angles in the forward direction, i.e., position II shown in phantom, despite the low mounting or silhouette of the roof 7 of the turret.
- a combat vehicle particularly of armored construction, having a heavy weapon mounted thereon in a turret rotatable through 360 in which the turret is mounted on the vehicle with a forwardly inclined axis of rotation, with reference to the vertical, whereby the structural height of the rearward portion of the vehicle is sufficient to accommodate an engine and related equipment.
- a combat vehicle according to claim 1 in which the drive of the vehicle is eitected through tracks.
- a combat vehicle according to claim 1 in which the drive of the vehicle is efiected through wheels.
- a combat vehicle according to claim 1 in which the vehicle driver is accommodated in the turret and periscope visual means for the driver are mounted in the turret roof.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
H. KUNZE COMBAT VEHICLE Aug. 30, 1966 Filed Nov. 2, 1964 INVENTOR. Herfierz A 41/72? ATT E Y United States Patent 3,269,269 COMBAT VEHICLE Herbert Kunze, Kassel, Germany, assignor to Henschel- Werke A.G., Kassel, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed Nov. 2, 1964, Ser. No. 418,368
Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 5, 1963,
4 Claims. (CI. 89-36) The present invention relates to a combat vehicle, particularly of armored construction, having, for example, either tracks or an all-wheeled drive and a heavy weapon, preferably a cannon, mounted thereon. As is known, it is required that such vehicles have a high ground clearance combined with a low over-all height or silhouette. It is also required that the cannon be mounted on the vehicle in as low a position as possible in order to absorb the considerable recoil forces inherent in large caliber flattrajectory weapons, yet without the effect being thereby produced of vehicle movements which are unduly large. In the known construction of such vehicles having a turret in which a weapon is mounted, difficulties arise in meeting the aforementioned requirements because the high-powered engines required in such vehicles, the transmission and steering mechanism necessitate an over-all height of the vehicle body or superstructure which is too great. As a result, the turret in conventional constructions is mounted in such a high position that the over-all height of the vehicle and the height of the muzzle above the ground becomes too great.
In the present invention, a combat vehicle construction is provided which eliminates the drawbacks and disadvantages mentioned above. In the construction of the present invention, the turret which contains the heavy weapon is mounted on the vehicle with an axis of rotation which is slightly forwardly inclined with respect to the vertical, so that it is seated on the vehicle in as low a position as possible in the front portion thereof whereas the rear portion of the rotary turret is provided at a higher position; thus, there is sufficient height in the rear portion of the vehicle body or superstructure to accommodate the power plant and associated driving equipment. Simultaneously, a minimum muzzle height of the weapon is obtained by this construction for the most frequently used portion of the lateral alignment range in which the weapon deviates from the directly forward position by above at the most. Further, as a result of the forwardly inclined axis of rotation of the turret within the aforementioned aligning range, a low position of the trunnion of the weapon is attained and thereby the roof of the turret may have a low silhouette without reducing the elevation alignment range of the weapon, when firing at a depressed angle towards the front of the vehicle, to as great an extent as is the case in conventional constructions. Another significant advantage of the construction of the present invention, as compared with other constructions of the low silhouette, is that the turret is mounted so that the weapon can be rotated through a full 360. Further, the vehicle can be driven with the weapon rotated to the rearward position whereby the barrel thereof will be carried in a .position higher than it would be in the front of the vehicle and, thus, the danger of the barrel striking the ground while the vehicle is traversing rough terrain is greatly reduced, particularly as compared to those constructions in which the weapon must point forwardly when the vehicle is not traveling in a condition of combat readiness. Also, the weapon can be fired when it is pointed toward the rear of the vehicle although in this case, the elevation alignment range is somewhat reduced at depressed angles of firing.
If the vehicle is equipped with vertically adjustable "ice suspensions, whereby the vehicle superstructure may be adjusted or aligned in the suspended position, either forwardly or rearwardly, then the elevation alignment range is increased beyond the normal extent, both for firing in the forward and rearward directions. As a result, the aforementioned reduction in the elevation alignment range at depressed angles of firing, when firing in the rearward direction, is either completely eliminated or eliminated to even more than the required degree.
For the purpose of compensating for any lateral tilting of the vehicle superstructure caused, for example, by rough terrain and for purposes of increasing the elevation alignment range transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the vertically adjustable wheel suspension mentioned above should be separately aligned with respect to each other and in a manner such that the vehicle superstructure can be inclined about the longitudinal axis thereof.
In order to eliminate the primary disadvantage of the vehicle construction described herein, i.e., the inability to accommodate the driver in the underframe or superstructure because of the low height thereof, the driver is accommodated in the turret and the drivers visual means, i.e., the drivers periscope, is mounted in the turret roof. Ordinarily, this would produce the problem that the driver and his periscope would rotate with the turret and the driver would at times thereby be deprived of a view in the driving direction. This is overcome in the present invention by mounting the viewing portion of the drivers periscope in a manner such that it is counter-rotated with respect to the turret, during the rotations of the latter, from that portion of the turret which is rigid with the vehicle, for example, by means of a mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic transmission in a manner such that the driver will always look in the forward direction, with reference to the vehicle. The construction of the present invention also provides that the viewing portion of the drivers periscope is reversed in a manner such that when driving the vehicle in reverse gear or after reversing, the driver will have a view in the reversed direction with reference to the vehicle without having to change his position in the vehicle specifically for that purpose. When reversing the viewing portion of the drivers periscope from forward to reverse gear in this manner, it may be advantageous to simultaneously shift or actuate a lateral reversing device from left to right. This possibility of a lateral reversal exists since the driver is able to read indicator boards in a normal manner.
The drivers periscope as well as, if desired, the optical system of the vehicle commander for observation and/or for target direction are stabilized in known manner, preferably by means of gyroscopes, so that all of the rotary movements of the vehicle are compensated for, at least about the vertical axis thereof, and a stationary image is obtained. Depending upon the type of terrain, it may also be advantageous not to stabilize the drivers periscope azimuthally but to employ instead the above-described connection with the rotation of the turret, if desired with the inclusion of the reversal of the viewing portion of the drivers periscope from forward to reverse gear.
The invention will be further illustrated by reference so the accompanying drawings in which FIGURE 1 is a view in elevation of an armored combat vehicle having a tracked drive and cannon installed in a turret thereon, and
FIGURE 2 is a top view of the vehicle of FIGURE 1.
In the drawings, the reference numeral 1 designates the combat vehicle having tracks thereon. A turret 2 is mounted on the vehicle superstructure and has a forwardly inclined axis of rotation 5. In the positions I and II of the cannon 3 shown in FIGURE 1 for firing in the forward direction, the trunnion 6 of the cannon is accommodated in a low position as a result of the angularly mounted or inclined turret. The distance 4 between the breech of the cannon and the roof 7 of the turret remains and is sufficient for firing the cannon at depressed angles in the forward direction, i.e., position II shown in phantom, despite the low mounting or silhouette of the roof 7 of the turret. In position III of the cannon, shown in phantom, for firing in the rearward direction, on the other hand, the corresponding distance 4 between the breech of the cannon and the roof 7 of the turret is reduced, whereby the elevation alignment range at depressed angles of firing is also reduced.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof, and the invention includes all such modifications.
What is claimed is:
1. A combat vehicle, particularly of armored construction, having a heavy weapon mounted thereon in a turret rotatable through 360 in which the turret is mounted on the vehicle with a forwardly inclined axis of rotation, with reference to the vertical, whereby the structural height of the rearward portion of the vehicle is sufficient to accommodate an engine and related equipment.
2. A combat vehicle according to claim 1 in which the drive of the vehicle is eitected through tracks.
3. A combat vehicle according to claim 1 in which the drive of the vehicle is efiected through wheels.
4. A combat vehicle according to claim 1 in which the vehicle driver is accommodated in the turret and periscope visual means for the driver are mounted in the turret roof.
No references cited.
BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT, Primary Examiner.
FRED C. TVIATIERN, JR., Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A COMBAT VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY OF ARMORED CONSTRUCTION, HAVING A HEAVY WEAPON MOUNTED THEREON IN A TURRET ROTATABLE THROUGH 360* IN WHICH THE TURRET IS MOUNTED ON THE VEHCILE WITH A FORWARDLY INCLINED AXIS OF ROTATION, WITH REFERENCE TO THE VERTICAL, WHEREBY THE STRUCTURAL HEIGHT OF THE REARWARD PORTION OF THE VEHICLE IS SUFFICIENT TO ACCOMMODATE AN ENGINE AND RELATED EQUIPMENT.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH50744A DE1195642B (en) | 1963-11-05 | 1963-11-05 | Combat vehicle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3269269A true US3269269A (en) | 1966-08-30 |
Family
ID=7157468
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US418368A Expired - Lifetime US3269269A (en) | 1963-11-05 | 1964-11-02 | Combat vehicle |
US536063A Expired - Lifetime US3355987A (en) | 1963-11-05 | 1966-03-21 | Viewing system for a combat vehicle |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US536063A Expired - Lifetime US3355987A (en) | 1963-11-05 | 1966-03-21 | Viewing system for a combat vehicle |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3269269A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1195642B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1015309A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3355987A (en) * | 1963-11-05 | 1967-12-05 | Rheinstahl Henschel Ag | Viewing system for a combat vehicle |
US5311807A (en) * | 1991-10-12 | 1994-05-17 | Firma Wegmann & Co. Gmbh | Military tank |
US20150267989A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-09-24 | Merrill Aviation, Inc. | Stabilized integrated commander's weapon station for combat armored vehicle |
SE2050219A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-08-28 | Bae Systems Haegglunds Ab | Suspension system and a method for controlling the suspension system for a tracked vehicle |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4193334A (en) * | 1978-07-31 | 1980-03-18 | Cadillac Gage Company | Gun sight positioning mechanism |
EP0040871B1 (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1984-10-24 | Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG | Naval gun for firing at airborne targets |
DE3132215A1 (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-03-03 | Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München | Combat vehicle |
DE3238885A1 (en) * | 1982-10-21 | 1984-04-26 | Wegmann & Co GmbH, 3500 Kassel | FIGHTING VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR FIGHTING TANK |
US4583444A (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1986-04-22 | Ex-Cell-O Corporation | Armored vehicle with rotatable swing-away turret |
FR2662788B1 (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1994-08-12 | France Etat Armement | MOUNTING OF TURRET AND ITS REMOTE OBSERVATION SYSTEM, WITHOUT DEAD ANGLE. |
USD742393S1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-11-03 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD742895S1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-11-10 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD736793S1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-08-18 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD741344S1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-10-20 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD736794S1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-08-18 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD736797S1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-08-18 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD736798S1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-08-18 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD739863S1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-09-29 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD736796S1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-08-18 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD741346S1 (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-10-20 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD741347S1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-10-20 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
USD736799S1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-08-18 | Wargaming.Net Llp | Display device portion with a graphical user interface showing an armored vehicle |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US815657A (en) * | 1905-04-12 | 1906-03-20 | Warner Swasey Co | Panorama-sight. |
US1229869A (en) * | 1916-09-26 | 1917-06-12 | Erasmus Manford Blacksher | Armored automobile. |
US2103858A (en) * | 1935-02-02 | 1937-12-28 | Luschinsky Eugen | Automobile vehicle for forward and backward travel |
US2546111A (en) * | 1946-06-13 | 1951-03-20 | Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh | Panoramic sight |
DE1195642B (en) * | 1963-11-05 | 1965-06-24 | Henschel Werke Ag | Combat vehicle |
-
1963
- 1963-11-05 DE DEH50744A patent/DE1195642B/en active Pending
-
1964
- 1964-10-23 GB GB43350/64A patent/GB1015309A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-11-02 US US418368A patent/US3269269A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-03-21 US US536063A patent/US3355987A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3355987A (en) * | 1963-11-05 | 1967-12-05 | Rheinstahl Henschel Ag | Viewing system for a combat vehicle |
US5311807A (en) * | 1991-10-12 | 1994-05-17 | Firma Wegmann & Co. Gmbh | Military tank |
US20150267989A1 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-09-24 | Merrill Aviation, Inc. | Stabilized integrated commander's weapon station for combat armored vehicle |
US10371479B2 (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2019-08-06 | Merrill Aviation, Inc. | Stabilized integrated commander's weapon station for combat armored vehicle |
SE2050219A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-08-28 | Bae Systems Haegglunds Ab | Suspension system and a method for controlling the suspension system for a tracked vehicle |
WO2021173057A1 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-02 | BAE Systems Hägglunds Aktiebolag | Suspension system for a tracked vehicle |
SE544033C2 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-11-09 | Bae Systems Haegglunds Ab | Suspension system and a method for controlling the suspension system for a tracked vehicle |
CN115135573A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2022-09-30 | 贝以***哈格伦斯公司 | Suspension system for tracked vehicle |
EP4110686A4 (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2024-03-27 | Bae Systems Haegglunds Ab | Suspension system for a tracked vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1195642B (en) | 1965-06-24 |
GB1015309A (en) | 1965-12-31 |
US3355987A (en) | 1967-12-05 |
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