US3264717A - Process for making forged light metal pistons with ring supports - Google Patents

Process for making forged light metal pistons with ring supports Download PDF

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Publication number
US3264717A
US3264717A US326899A US32689963A US3264717A US 3264717 A US3264717 A US 3264717A US 326899 A US326899 A US 326899A US 32689963 A US32689963 A US 32689963A US 3264717 A US3264717 A US 3264717A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
light metal
ring support
ring
blank
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Expired - Lifetime
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US326899A
Inventor
Class Willy
Lehre Erwin
Roger Rudolf
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Mahle GmbH
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Mahle GmbH
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22—Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/10—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49256—Piston making with assembly or composite article making
    • Y10T29/49261—Piston making with assembly or composite article making by composite casting or molding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
    • Y10T29/49989—Followed by cutting or removing material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a piston and, in particular, is directed to a method for forging a light metal piston having a ring support cornposed of a harder material embedded in the piston ring portion of the piston head.
  • ring supports have. been cast in a piston head in a mold having an inner diameter which is the same as the outer diameter of the ring support.
  • the piston blank thus produced is essentially a cylindrical casting in which the Iring support is exposed on the circumference of the Iblank.
  • This blank is forged into piston forrn, more or less heavily marked grooves occur regularly between the ring support and the piston head portion.
  • These defective grooves cannot be eliminated even when using casting and forging methods which guarantee a metallic bond between the ring support and the light metal piston. Even though a secure bond has been obtained during the casting, nevertheless, this bond is torn during the following forging step to shape the piston.
  • the object of this invention is to produce a method by which the formation ⁇ of the grooves between the ring support and the piston are avoided.
  • this object is obtained by the use of a mold which has an inner diameter in the ring portion of the piston head which is larger than the outer diameter of the piston support. After the ring support has been placed in the mold, the light metal is cast for forming the piston blank. This light -rnetal completely covers and embeds the ring support.
  • the advantage is obtained in that the layer of cast light metal which completely covers the outer periphery of the ring support remains relatively undisturbed during the subsequent forging and holds back the parts of light metal adjacent the ring support, and which parts have an inclination to flow away during the forging process, or perhaps that the light metal in these parts flows into the areas in which there is danger of tearing.
  • FIGURE 1 is a front elevational view partially shown ⁇ in section of a piston blank containing the ring support and from which a piston is to be forged;
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view through a mold for casting the piston blank of FIGURE l;
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line III-III of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a die containing the piston blank forged into piston form.
  • a ring support 1 1 has been cast into the light metal piston :blank 2 which is to be then forged into piston form.
  • the important feature of blank 2 is that the outer periphery of the ring support 1 is covered by a layer of light metal 21.
  • This completely embedded ring support is obtained by the mold 3 of FIGURE 2, which mold has an inside diameter, ,at least in the ring portion thereof, which is greater than the outer diameter of the ring support 1.
  • Shoulders 11 on the periphery of ring support 1 rest yon supports 31 in the mold ⁇ so that the ring support is spaced from the bottom of the mold.
  • slots 22 Iappear in the piston blank 2 by reason of these supports 31.
  • the piston blank 2 is forged into piston form by means of a die 41 and a plunger 42, the die having a sleeve 43. Pressure of plunger 42 forges the blank 2 into piston forrn 5. This piston form is then machined to remove the metal part 51 covering the periphery of ring support 1 and thus to expose the ring support kon the circumference of the piston. After machining, the piston has the shape indicated by the dashdot line 52.
  • a process for making a light metal piston having a ring lsupport ⁇ of ya harde-r metal embedded in the piston ring portion of the piston head comprising casting a piston blank of the light metal in a cylindrical mold containing the ring support, said mold being of larger inner diameter at least in the piston ring portion of the mold than the outer diameter of the ring support so the latter is completely covered and embedded in the light metal, forging the cast blank into piston form, then machining the circumference of the forged piston forni to expose the peripheral edge of the embedded ring support.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Aug. 9, 1966 w. CLASS ETAL,
PROCESS FOR MAKING FORGED LIGHT METAL PISTONS WITH RING SUPPORTS Filed Nov. 29, 1965 United States Patent O 9 1 Claim. (Cif 29-1565) This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a piston and, in particular, is directed to a method for forging a light metal piston having a ring support cornposed of a harder material embedded in the piston ring portion of the piston head.
Heretofore, ring supports have. been cast in a piston head in a mold having an inner diameter which is the same as the outer diameter of the ring support. The piston blank thus produced is essentially a cylindrical casting in which the Iring support is exposed on the circumference of the Iblank. When this blank is forged into piston forrn, more or less heavily marked grooves occur regularly between the ring support and the piston head portion. These defective grooves cannot be eliminated even when using casting and forging methods which guarantee a metallic bond between the ring support and the light metal piston. Even though a secure bond has been obtained during the casting, nevertheless, this bond is torn during the following forging step to shape the piston.
The object of this invention is to produce a method by which the formation `of the grooves between the ring support and the piston are avoided.
In general, this object is obtained by the use of a mold which has an inner diameter in the ring portion of the piston head which is larger than the outer diameter of the piston support. After the ring support has been placed in the mold, the light metal is cast for forming the piston blank. This light -rnetal completely covers and embeds the ring support. By this simple method, the advantage is obtained in that the layer of cast light metal which completely covers the outer periphery of the ring support remains relatively undisturbed during the subsequent forging and holds back the parts of light metal adjacent the ring support, and which parts have an inclination to flow away during the forging process, or perhaps that the light metal in these parts flows into the areas in which there is danger of tearing.
The means by which the object of the invention is obtained is described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is a front elevational view partially shown `in section of a piston blank containing the ring support and from which a piston is to be forged;
FIGURE 2 is a cross-sectional view through a mold for casting the piston blank of FIGURE l;
FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line III-III of FIGURE 2; and
FIGURE 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a die containing the piston blank forged into piston form.
A shown in FIGURE l, a ring support 1 1has been cast into the light metal piston :blank 2 which is to be then forged into piston form. The important feature of blank 2 is that the outer periphery of the ring support 1 is covered by a layer of light metal 21. This completely embedded ring support is obtained by the mold 3 of FIGURE 2, which mold has an inside diameter, ,at least in the ring portion thereof, which is greater than the outer diameter of the ring support 1. Shoulders 11 on the periphery of ring support 1 rest yon supports 31 in the mold `so that the ring support is spaced from the bottom of the mold. As shown in FIGURE l, slots 22 Iappear in the piston blank 2 by reason of these supports 31.
As shown in FIGURE 4, the piston blank 2 is forged into piston form by means of a die 41 and a plunger 42, the die having a sleeve 43. Pressure of plunger 42 forges the blank 2 into piston forrn 5. This piston form is then machined to remove the metal part 51 covering the periphery of ring support 1 and thus to expose the ring support kon the circumference of the piston. After machining, the piston has the shape indicated by the dashdot line 52.
Having now described the means by which the object of this invention is obtained, we claim:
A process for making a light metal piston having a ring lsupport `of ya harde-r metal embedded in the piston ring portion of the piston head comprising casting a piston blank of the light metal in a cylindrical mold containing the ring support, said mold being of larger inner diameter at least in the piston ring portion of the mold than the outer diameter of the ring support so the latter is completely covered and embedded in the light metal, forging the cast blank into piston form, then machining the circumference of the forged piston forni to expose the peripheral edge of the embedded ring support.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,620,530 12/1952 Sulprizio 29--1565 X 2,793,922 5/1957 Whitfield Z9-156.5 X 3,123,899 3/1964 Townhill 29-1565 3,183,796 5/1965 Christen et al. 29-l56.5 X
JOHN F. CAMPBELL, Primary Examiner.
P. M. COHEN, Assistant Examiner.
US326899A 1962-12-11 1963-11-29 Process for making forged light metal pistons with ring supports Expired - Lifetime US3264717A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM0055079 1962-12-11

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US3264717A true US3264717A (en) 1966-08-09

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CH (1) CH407711A (en)
GB (1) GB980789A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3362057A (en) * 1964-06-13 1968-01-09 Teves Thompson & Co G M B H Method of making valve bodies
US3380139A (en) * 1966-04-06 1968-04-30 Alum Alloy Casting Co Method of making an insert and cast piston combination
US3599314A (en) * 1969-01-13 1971-08-17 North American Rockwell Method for making forgings
US4662047A (en) * 1985-01-24 1987-05-05 Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh Method of making a one-piece piston for an internal-combustion engine
US5737838A (en) * 1995-11-30 1998-04-14 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of making a piston unit for an internal combustion engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2620530A (en) * 1945-02-07 1952-12-09 United Engine & Machine Co Manufacture of pistons
US2793922A (en) * 1953-05-07 1957-05-28 Marshall G Whitfield Light metal piston with reinforcement and the like
US3123899A (en) * 1964-03-10 Townhill
US3183796A (en) * 1963-03-19 1965-05-18 Universal American Corp Composite cast-forged aluminum piston with bonded ferrous ring-carrier, and method of producing same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123899A (en) * 1964-03-10 Townhill
US2620530A (en) * 1945-02-07 1952-12-09 United Engine & Machine Co Manufacture of pistons
US2793922A (en) * 1953-05-07 1957-05-28 Marshall G Whitfield Light metal piston with reinforcement and the like
US3183796A (en) * 1963-03-19 1965-05-18 Universal American Corp Composite cast-forged aluminum piston with bonded ferrous ring-carrier, and method of producing same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3362057A (en) * 1964-06-13 1968-01-09 Teves Thompson & Co G M B H Method of making valve bodies
US3380139A (en) * 1966-04-06 1968-04-30 Alum Alloy Casting Co Method of making an insert and cast piston combination
US3599314A (en) * 1969-01-13 1971-08-17 North American Rockwell Method for making forgings
US4662047A (en) * 1985-01-24 1987-05-05 Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh Method of making a one-piece piston for an internal-combustion engine
US5737838A (en) * 1995-11-30 1998-04-14 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of making a piston unit for an internal combustion engine

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Publication number Publication date
CH407711A (en) 1966-02-15
GB980789A (en) 1965-01-20

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