US321809A - Surgical chair - Google Patents

Description

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SURGICAL CHAIR.

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4 SURGIGAL CHAIR.

,809. Patented July 7, 1885.

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SURGICAL CHAIR.

No. 321,809. P tented July 7, 1885.

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SURGICAL CHAIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,809, dated July '7, laas.

Application filed January 5, 1SS5. (No model.)

To all whom it' may concern.:

Be it known that we, AARON P. GOULD and HERBERT R. SPENCER., citizens of the United States, and residents of Canton, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have jointly in- Ventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Surgical Chairs, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in surgical chairs. The object is to provide a chair which may be made to assume all the positions required for the various surgical operations by means of more simple and effective adjusting mechanism than has hitherto been employed; and with these ends in view our invention consists in certain features of Construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a View of the chair in upright position. Fig. 2 is a view of the same in horizontal adjustment with'cushions removed. Fig. 3 shows the operating` mechanism in side elevation, in the position it assumes when the chair-back and foot-rest are iu a position at about an angle of forty-tive degrees with the iioor. Fig. 4 is a detached view of the seat-frame and operatin g mechanism connected therewith. Fig. 5 is a detached View of the back-frame. Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged detached views of parts. Figs. 8, 9, 10 are detachable views of the headrest. Fig. 1l is a modification.

The chair consists, esscntially,of four framesections-viz., the leg-section or supportingframe, the seat, back, and foot-rest sections.

Y The sections are constructed, connected, and

5o rearwardly-extending lug or ear, b2, is formed on the inside central portion of the front crossbar b, and provided with a threaded perforation, through which a thumbscrew, b3, extends, and bears against a plate, b", secured to the lower front edge of the cushion O, for the purpose of tilting the cushion into positions at different vertical angles tothe seat-frame. Two depending lugs or ears, b5, are formed integral with orfirmly secured to the rear cross-bar b, and are provided with lateral perforations adapted to form bearings for a rock-shaft, D. The rock-shaft D is the fundamental element in transmitting the power of the operator to the several sections of the chair. It is pivotally secured in the lugs b5 by means of two arms, d, rigidly secured to the shaft, and provided with hinge-pintles d', which enter the perforations in the said lugs. The outer end of the rock-shaft is provided with an operating-crank, di.

The means for attaching the seat-frame to the back-frame and foot-rest frame,and hence indirectlyT to the supportingframe, and the means for transmitting the motion of the rockshaft to the several sections, and locking them in closed adjustment, will be particularly described farther on.

The baclcframe consists, preferably, of two sections, E and E. The section E is hinged or pivoted to the back legs, A', near their upper ends, by means of trunnions or pivotal bolts e, which pass through slots in the legs, and are locked therein by -n uts e', ofthe ordinary form, or by short levers having cam projections on their faces, which impinge against the frame at the sides ofthe slots. The truunions ofthe frame E are located a short distance above its lower end. The back-section E is provided with tongue projections c'l ou its side edges, which are adapted to slide in suitable grooves, e, formed in the sides of the section E. An elongated slot, e, is formed in the central cross-bar, e, of the frame-section E, anda corresponding slot is formed in a standard or brace, e, on the back of the section E. A set-screw, el, or its equivalent, is located in the said slots, and serves to lock the section E to the section E in any desired longitudinal adjustment within the limits of the length of the slot ci.

An auxiliary rocking frame consisting of au open V-shaped portion, F, and two arms, f,

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iently a prolongation of theinner arm, d, upon t the opposite side of the sha ft. rlhe arm di extends through a slot, f "l, at the vertex of the V-shaped portion F of the rocking frame, and has a free sliding motion therein.

A curved arm, G, is loosely lnounted at its upper end on the pivotal bolt or stud j", and extendsdownwardly through aslot, g, in an inwardly-extendinglng, g, secured to or formed integral with the back leg, A. A set-screw, g2, provided with a suitable operating-handle, extends through a threaded perforation, y, in the leg A', and impinges against the curved arm G, for the purpose of locking the arm in any desired vertical adjustment within the slot g.

A spring-actuated catch consistsfprefcrably, of a rod, H, having a sliding motion in a perforation formed in a depending ear, h, secured to or formed integral with the crossbar b' near its outer end. The inner end of the rod H is provided with a depending catch or hook, 71,', adapted to take under the end of the arm d when the latter is in elevated adjustment, The rod H is further secured in position along the side of the cross-barb by a headed bolt, h2, which is secured to the crossbar Z/ through an elongated closed slot, h3, formed in the rod, and by a short upwardlyextending arm, h4, which lips over the upper edge of the said cross bar b. A spiral spring, 71,5, is secured on the rod H between the ear It and a shoulder, 11T, the tension of which tends to hold the catch h in locked adjustment. rlhe front of the seat-section is attached to the inner faces of the front legs, A, in a swinging adjustment, by means of a pair of depending arms, I, loosely secured at their upper ends on inwardly-projeeting studs or bolts K, set in the legs, and on studs or bolts 7., set in the side rails ofthe seat-section near their front ends. The pivotal bolts k on each side are also connected with bolts 7J on the inner faces of the legs A, below the bolts K, by jointed arms consisting of the sections L Z.

The foot-rest section is preferably rectangular in shape, and consists of a skeleton frame having side rails, M, and an upper and lower cross-bar, nz, to the latter of which the foot-rest nt is hinged. The foot-rest section is hinged to the seat-section by means of corner extensions, nl, conveniently formed with elongated slots m, which embrace the pivotal bolts 7:. lThe extensions m2, after passing the bolts 7c, are bent nearly at right angles, and

extend rearwardly for a short distance, terminating in open hooks m4, adapted to receive short studs mi on the inner sides of the jointed arnrseetions L. The slots m are sufficiently elongated to admit of the extensions mi slipping outwardly or upwardly enough to free the hooks m from the studs m, and allow the foot-rest section to depend in a free swinging motion from the bolts k; but when the hooks m are in engagement with the studs m5, the foot-rest section will be subjected to such changes in its position with reference to the seat-section as is determined bythe combined action of the arms I and jointed arms L l.

The chair as thus far described is operated as follows: Suppose the crank dt to be nearly horizontal, the rocking frame locked in ele vated adjustment against the bottom of the seat, and the back and foot-rest sections at or nearly at right angles to the seat-section. If, now, the spring-catch H h' be released from engagement with the rocking frame, and the crank turned to a vertical position, the effect will be to at iirst lower the rear end of the seat-section, and at the same time swing the lower end of the back-section forwardly, and, f1nally,when the crank has completed a full quarter-turn, to swing the back-section into a horizontal position, with its lower end projecting over the rear end of the seat-scction. lf the crank be now turned forwardly and upwardly toward its first position, the seat-section will be gradually swung forwardly and upwardly into a horizontal plane with the back-section, and both on a plane with the side rails ofthe supporting-frame. This motion of the seat-section will also, by the combined action of the arms I L Z and the bent extensions mz, with their hooked ends m4, in engagement with the studs mi on the arm-scetions L, gradually elevate the foot-rest section into the same horizontal plane with the seat and back sections, and the spring-catch H h will lock the seat and footrest sections in the same plane as shown in Fig. 2. By turning the set-screw ffl into engagement with the arm G the three sections are securely locked in horizontal or open adjustment. lf, however, the arm G beleft free to slide in its socket, a downward pressure on the seat-section will return the chair to its original position. By means of the set-screw y? the back and foot-rest sections may be locked in any desired angular adjustments with respect to the seat-section. W'hen the set-screw g2 is loosened, the occupant ofthe chair may change the positions of the chair-sections, and hence his position in the chair, by swaying the upper portion of the body forwardly or backward] y.

The side rails, a, the baek,seat, and foot-rest sections, may be upholstered in any suitable manner.

For the purpose of holding the feet of the patient in a suitable position for certain classes of operations, we provide the stirrups N, the stems n 0f which are secured in longitudinal adjustment between the outer and in IOC) IIO

ner jaws,aa2, of rotary Vadjustable clamps, as follows: On the outer sides of the front legs,A, near their upper ends, laterally extending lugs or ears O are formed, provided with v ertical perforations, in which are secured in rotary adjustment pivotal or hinge bolts o, provided on their upper ends with enlarged heads and on their lower ends with nuts or eccentric levers ofor securing the bolts in the desired rotary adjustments. The heads o are prolonged in the form of arms, and are provided on t-heir forward ends with a round or partially round serratedfaced shoulder or transverseabutment,origidlysecured thereto, from which serrated-faced abutlnents thebolts o4 extend transversely to the elongated heads o. The jaws n and 'n2 are loosely mounted on the bolts o" by means of perforated eye ortions a3 which form an integral art ofthe jaws. The face of the jaw n2 adjacent to the serrated face of the abutment o is provided with one or more teeth, which are adapted to engage the serrations in the face of the said abutment when pressed in contact therewith. A tail-nut, o5, or its equivalent, works on the end of the bolt o4, and serves to press the jaws a a2 into close contact with the stem a of the stirrup, and at the same time press the inner jaw, a?, into snug contact with the serrated face ofthe abutment 03.

By the above construction the stirrups may be adjusted and locked in any desired vertical or angular adjustment.

The head-rest which v, e find it advantageors to use in connection with the abovedescribed chair consists of a flexible band, l?, adapted to receive the back of the head, and provided with cushions p at each end, to prevent the lateral displacement of the head. The rest Ris held in position by a crotch-frame, Q, secured to the rest l? at the rear sides of its ends, and secured to a jointed supportingarm consisting of the sections q q by means of a ball-andsocket joint, q2. The armsectionqis provided with a long stem, q, which slides vertically in a socket, R, formed in a bracket secured to the back of the chair, and with a short upwardly-extending threaded stem, q, which extends through an eye in the rear end of the arnrsection q. The rest is locked in the required vertical and forward or backward adjustment by means of an eyebolt, r, which embraces the long stem g3 of the arm-section q, and isprovided with a tail-nut, o", in engagement with its stem, as shown. The rest is simultaneously locked in the desired horizontal adjustment and in the desired universal angular adjustment by means of the tailnut S, in engagement with the stem g4 of the arm-section q, as follows: The upper face of the arm-section q is provided with a deep groove, s, in which is located a sliding bar, s, having a concave face at thc front end adapted to fit one-half section of the ball s2, and provided at the rear end with a concave bevel face of circular form adapted to iit the edge Vof a bevel-edged disk, s, loosely secured on the short stem g4. The sliding bar s has a short play only between the ball s2 and the stem (j, and when the tail-nut S is screwed down on the disk s3 the pressure of the bevel face of the disk again-st the bar s tends to force the bar forwardly into contact with the ball s2 and to lock the ball inV the desired adjustment. The same movement of the tailnut S also draws the sections q q into snug contact with each other, and hence locks the section q to the section q in the desired horizontal adjustment. These several adjustments cover all possible positions which the rest can be required to occupy, and with the fewest and simplest locking devices.

To prevent the head of the patient from vrolling from side to side, the pads T are provided. They consist of soft cushions secured to the forwardly-extending ends of springarms t, which are pivotally secured in lugs t' at the ends of the crotch-frame Q, and provided wilh slotted links t2, which connect the arms t with a threaded stud, t, secured at the crotch of the frame Q. A thumb-nut, t, on

the stud t3, is adapted to bind. the links inl snug contact with each other and the shoulderat the base of the stud t3, and lock them in the desired adjustment thereon, and hence lock the pads T in the desired lateral adjustment.

The above-described headrcst is particularly well adapted to use in connection with our improved chair, but we make no claim thereto in the present application, as the same is reserved as the subject-matter of a separate application.

The modification represented in Fig. 1l consists in providing the rear of the scatframe with projections U, to which is pivoted. a swinging bar, u. A sliding catch-bar, u', is secured to the swinging bar a by means of a perforated lug, a2, and rivets a, passing through slots inthe catch-bar. The operating rock-shaft is pivoted to the rear of the seatframe in a manner quite similar to that above described, and is connected with a short arm, u, on the swinging bar a by a link, a5. The projections U are provided with upwardlyextending arms u, pivotall y secured thereto, between which the back of the chair is pivotally secured by a rod, XV, which extends through the slots in the upper ends of the rear legs, through perforations in the ends of the arms a, and through suitable bearings in the back. The catch w on the rod or bar u is adapted to engage a slot, w', in a plate, 102, secured to the brake-section, and is thrown out of engagement therewith by the action of the catch-bar.

It is evident that many slight changes may be resorted to in the construction of the several parts described without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention; hence we do not wish to limit ourselves strictly to the construction herein set forth.

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ymotion of the seat-section tends to elevate the Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desi rc to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. .ln asurgical chair, the combination, with a supportiiig-frame, of a back-section pivotally secured to the supporting-frame, a scatsection pivotally secured to the backsection and to the supportingiraine, and a rock-shaft connected with the seat and back-rest for changing their relative positions.

2. The combination, with a supportingframe provided with arm-rests, of a bacl -sec tion pivotally secured to the rear portion of the suppoitingfralne, a seat-section located normally below the side arms and connected with the bacl;-scction, swinging arms connecting the seat-section to the supporting-frame1 and devices for swinging the seat and back sections into the same horizontal plane on a level with the armrests, substantially as set forth.

3. rllhe combination, with the supportingframe and the back-frame pivotally secured thereto, of a seat-section, swinging arms connecting said seat to the supporting-haine, a shaft, and a rocking frame connected with the back-frame and operated by the shaft, substantially as set forth.

et. The combination, with the seat-section, secured to the supporting-frame at its front by a pair of swinging arms, of a pair of jointed arms, also connecting the seat-section and the supporting frame, and a foot rest section hinged to the seatseetion and provided with arms adapted to engage the said jointed connection, whereby the forward and upward foot-rest section into the same plane with the seat'seetion, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the seat and bacl: I

sections pivotally secured to the supporting frame, of an auxiliary rocking frame secured to the seat-section and to the lower end of the baclesection, a rock-shaft secured to the seatsection, and having an engagement with the rocking frame, and means for imparting a rotary motion to the rock-shaft, and thereby adj usting the seat and back sections, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the seat and back sections pivotally secured to the supportingframe and to each other, of a rock-shaft, av

handle or crank for operating said shaft, a rocking frame for throwing the said sections into the desired angular adjustments relatively to each other, and means for locking the sections in any desired adjustment, substantially as set forth.

7. rlhe combination, with a supportingframe, a seat and back section pivotally connected to the f1'ame,a rocking frame connected to the seat, and a rock-shaft for operating said rocking frame, of a spring-actuated catch located beneath the seat-,section and'adapted to automatically lock the rocking frame in elevated adjustment, substantially asset forth.

8. The combination, with seat and back sections, of a rocking frame connecting the two, and a rock-shaft journaled in bearings on the lower side of the seat and adapted to transmit motion to the rocking frame, substantallyas s t forth. I

Signed at Canton` in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, this 1st day of December,

A. D. 1884. Y

AARON l. GOULD. HERBERT R. SPENCER. Vitiiesses:

Crais. R. MILLER, A. J. DoUDs.

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