US3142831A - Monitoring and detection circuits for spun filaments - Google Patents

Monitoring and detection circuits for spun filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3142831A
US3142831A US88952A US8895261A US3142831A US 3142831 A US3142831 A US 3142831A US 88952 A US88952 A US 88952A US 8895261 A US8895261 A US 8895261A US 3142831 A US3142831 A US 3142831A
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Prior art keywords
filaments
monitoring
spinning
denier
chimney
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Expired - Lifetime
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US88952A
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Horne Ronald
George B Price
Robert D Taylor
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Monsanto Co
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Monsanto Co
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Priority to NL274686D priority Critical patent/NL274686A/xx
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Priority to US88952A priority patent/US3142831A/en
Priority to GB3951/62A priority patent/GB953942A/en
Priority to CH154162A priority patent/CH378070A/en
Priority to DK64162AA priority patent/DK105354C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3142831A publication Critical patent/US3142831A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/36—Textiles
    • G01N33/365—Filiform textiles, e.g. yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H63/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
    • B65H63/06—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to presence of irregularities in running material, e.g. for severing the material at irregularities ; Control of the correct working of the yarn cleaner
    • B65H63/062—Electronic slub detector
    • B65H63/065—Electronic slub detector using photo-electric sensing means, i.e. the defect signal is a variation of light energy
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • D01D1/09—Control of pressure, temperature or feeding rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
    • B65H2701/313—Synthetic polymer threads
    • B65H2701/3132—Synthetic polymer threads extruded from spinnerets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to monitoring circuits and more particularly to circuits for monitoring the denier of spun filaments.
  • the filaments leave the spinnerette and pass downward through a chimney to rolls which advance the filaments to a takeup device.
  • a stream of air is directed transversely across the chimney to cool and solidify the filaments.
  • the embodiment of the invention disclosed herein monitors the denier of the filaments passing through the chimney. Thus, a denier variation is detected at once.
  • samples of the filaments are taken and measured for denier.
  • the disadvantage of this method of inspection is that many yards of undersize yarn may be produced before the defect is detected. Of course, all of this yarn will be of very poor quality and may even be unusable.
  • One of the objects of this invention is to provide a novel and improved monitoring system.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a system for monitoring spun filaments to detect denier variations therein.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a system for automatically and continuously monitoring the denier of spun filaments at the spinnerette.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a circuit which operates an alarm or control in response to a decrease in denier of spun filaments.
  • One embodiment of the present invention contemplates a monitoring system wherein a light beam is projected across a spinning chimney onto a sensitive light-responsive resistor which is connected in a monitoring circuit. If the proper pressure is maintained behind the spinnerette the filaments will be of proper size and the air stream will sweep these filaments toward one side of the chimney to keep them out of the light beam. If, however, the pressure behind the spinnerette drops, the diameter of the filaments will decrease and one or more of the filaments will move into the light beam. This causes a variation in the resistance value of the light-responsive resistor to trigger the monitoring circuit which operates an alarm or control.
  • Filaments 14 are formed when a molten spinning solution is forced under pressure through the holes in the spin- 3,142,831 Patented July 28, 1964 nerette (not shown) held within the spinning head.
  • a stream of air from a nozzle or manifold 17 connected to an air source 18 is directed laterally across the spinning chimney to cool and completely solidify the filaments 14. These filaments then pass between guide pins 19 and are taken up at a constant speed by well known equipment (not shown).
  • the spinning solution will be forced through the spinnerette holes at a high enough speed to provide a slight amount of slack in the filaments 14. This slack will allow the airstream to deflect the filaments from a straight path, as illustrated in the drawing. If however, the spinning head pressure drops, the solution will pass through the spinnerette holes at a slower rate. This will cause the takeup mechanism (not shown) to pull the filaments back onto a straight path and into alignment with a pair of slits 22 and 23 in the spinning chimney. Because of the constant speed takeup and the slower rate of passage of the solution through the spinnerette holes, the denier of the filaments 14 will be decreased. Thus, a decrease in denier is accompanied by a movement of the filaments from the deflected path to a straight path.
  • a light source 26 positioned adjacent to the slit 22 directs a light beam laterally across the spinning chimney, through the slit 23 and onto a sensitive cadmium-sulphide resistor 27 of a well known type which varies in resistance in response to variations in the intensity of the light beam.
  • the cadmium-sulphide resistor 27 is connected between terminals 28 and 29 in series with a 2000 ohm potentiometer 33 and a 51K resistor 34, all three of these elements being connected in parallel with a series connected ohm resistor 37 and transistor 38 connected between the terminals 28 and 29.
  • the base of the transistor 38 is connected to the tap of the potentiometer 33, while the transistor emittor is connected to the 100 ohm resistor 37.
  • the collector of the transistor is connected through a normally closed, manually operated, switch 41 to the terminal 29.
  • a battery 42 is connected in series with a relay 43 between the terminals 28 and 29 for applying power to the circuit.
  • the relay 43 is provided with a contactor 46 which is closable to connect an alarm lamp 47 to a battery when the relay 43 is pulled in, the relay 43 pulling in at 2.4 ma. and dropping out at 2.2 ma.
  • the filaments In operation of the monitoring system, the filaments normally follow the path shown in the drawing and the intense light beam holds the resistance of the light-responsive resistor 27 to a low value.
  • the transistor will not be conductive. A small amount of current will flow through the circuit path which includes the relay 43 the 51K resistor 34, the potentiometer 33 and the light-responsive resistor 27. However, this current will not be great enough to pull in the relay 43.
  • the filaments 14 will assume a straight path and will partially block off the light from the source 26. This causes an increase in the resistance value of the variable resistor 27 which in turn causes the transistor 38 to become conductive. This allows more than 2.4 ma. to flow through the relay 43, thereby pulling in this relay to close the contactor 46 to connect the battery 48 to the alarm lamp 47. This indicates to the operator that the spun filaments are not up to the desired quality so that he can begin an immediate check of the spinning apparatus to determine what has gone wrong. If it is desired, the closing of the contactor 46 can be used to operate a control device of some sort. For example, a device for stopping the spinning operation could be substituted for the lamp 47.
  • variable or light responsive resistor 27 is so sensitive that the movement of a single 3 denier filament into the light beam will cause the transistor to become conductive.
  • This system provides an'imme'diate inspection of spun filaments, so that necessary corrections can be made at once rather than after a large amount of off-denier yarn has been spun. Also, this system provides an automatic inspection of all of the yarn rather than just short portions as is the case with conventional inspection.
  • a system for detecting a decrease in denier of melt spun filaments comprising a spinning chimney through which the filaments pass, said chimney having a pair of slits in the opposite sides thereof, a nozzle positioned adjacent to the chimney for directing a stream of air from the back of the chimney thereacross to sweep the filaments to the front of the chimney and in a direction normal to a line extending through said slits, a light source positioned adjacent to one of the slits for directing a beam of light along said line through said slits, a cadmium sulphide resistor positioned adjacent to the other slit for receiving said light beam, said resistor having a resistance value thereof connected to the tap of the potentiometer, a relay,
  • a battery connected in series with the relay between the terminals, and alarm means operated by the relay, said transistor conducting to operate the relay in response to a decrease in the resistance value of the cadmium sulphide resistor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Description

July 28, 1964 R. HORNE ETAL MONITORING AND DETECTION CIRCUITS FOR SPUN FILAMENTS BY ROBERT D.'TA v1.0
KM; ATTOR EY Filed Feb. 15 1961 United States Patent M 3,142,831 MONITORING AND DETECTION CIRCUITS FOR SPUN FILAMENTS Ronald Horne and George B. Price, Pensacola, and Rob! ert D. Taylor, Milton, Fla., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Monsanto Company, a corporation of Delaware Filed Feb. 13, 1961, Ser. No. 88,952 1 Claim. (Cl. 340259) This invention relates to monitoring circuits and more particularly to circuits for monitoring the denier of spun filaments.
In the manufacture of spun filaments it is of utmost importance that the denier or diameter of the filaments be uniform. Variations in denier willconsiderably lower the quality of the yarn, since these variations will be visible in the finished fabric. One of the causes of denier variations is fluctuations in the pressure applied to the spinning solution in the spinning head. A drop in pressure behind the spinnerette will result in a reduction in the diameter of the spun filaments. This is commonly called spinnerette starvation.
In one type of spinning operation, commonly known as melt spinning, the filaments leave the spinnerette and pass downward through a chimney to rolls which advance the filaments to a takeup device. A stream of air is directed transversely across the chimney to cool and solidify the filaments. The embodiment of the invention disclosed herein monitors the denier of the filaments passing through the chimney. Thus, a denier variation is detected at once. In conventional spinning operations samples of the filaments are taken and measured for denier. The disadvantage of this method of inspection is that many yards of undersize yarn may be produced before the defect is detected. Of course, all of this yarn will be of very poor quality and may even be unusable.
One of the objects of this invention is to provide a novel and improved monitoring system.
Another object of this invention is to provide a system for monitoring spun filaments to detect denier variations therein.
A further object of this invention is to provide a system for automatically and continuously monitoring the denier of spun filaments at the spinnerette.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a circuit which operates an alarm or control in response to a decrease in denier of spun filaments.
One embodiment of the present invention contemplates a monitoring system wherein a light beam is projected across a spinning chimney onto a sensitive light-responsive resistor which is connected in a monitoring circuit. If the proper pressure is maintained behind the spinnerette the filaments will be of proper size and the air stream will sweep these filaments toward one side of the chimney to keep them out of the light beam. If, however, the pressure behind the spinnerette drops, the diameter of the filaments will decrease and one or more of the filaments will move into the light beam. This causes a variation in the resistance value of the light-responsive resistor to trigger the monitoring circuit which operates an alarm or control.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent when the following detailed description is read in conjunction with the appended drawing, in which the single figure illustrates one embodiment of the invention and shows a schematic diagram of the monitoring circuit and a fragment of the spinning chimney.
Referring now in detail to the drawing, fragments of a spinning head 11 and a spinning chimney 12 are shown. Filaments 14 are formed when a molten spinning solution is forced under pressure through the holes in the spin- 3,142,831 Patented July 28, 1964 nerette (not shown) held within the spinning head. A stream of air from a nozzle or manifold 17 connected to an air source 18 is directed laterally across the spinning chimney to cool and completely solidify the filaments 14. These filaments then pass between guide pins 19 and are taken up at a constant speed by well known equipment (not shown).
If the pressure in the spinning head 11 is at the proper value the spinning solution will be forced through the spinnerette holes at a high enough speed to provide a slight amount of slack in the filaments 14. This slack will allow the airstream to deflect the filaments from a straight path, as illustrated in the drawing. If however, the spinning head pressure drops, the solution will pass through the spinnerette holes at a slower rate. This will cause the takeup mechanism (not shown) to pull the filaments back onto a straight path and into alignment with a pair of slits 22 and 23 in the spinning chimney. Because of the constant speed takeup and the slower rate of passage of the solution through the spinnerette holes, the denier of the filaments 14 will be decreased. Thus, a decrease in denier is accompanied by a movement of the filaments from the deflected path to a straight path.
A light source 26 positioned adjacent to the slit 22 directs a light beam laterally across the spinning chimney, through the slit 23 and onto a sensitive cadmium-sulphide resistor 27 of a well known type which varies in resistance in response to variations in the intensity of the light beam.
The cadmium-sulphide resistor 27 is connected between terminals 28 and 29 in series with a 2000 ohm potentiometer 33 and a 51K resistor 34, all three of these elements being connected in parallel with a series connected ohm resistor 37 and transistor 38 connected between the terminals 28 and 29.
The base of the transistor 38 is connected to the tap of the potentiometer 33, while the transistor emittor is connected to the 100 ohm resistor 37. The collector of the transistor is connected through a normally closed, manually operated, switch 41 to the terminal 29.
A battery 42 is connected in series with a relay 43 between the terminals 28 and 29 for applying power to the circuit. The relay 43 is provided with a contactor 46 which is closable to connect an alarm lamp 47 to a battery when the relay 43 is pulled in, the relay 43 pulling in at 2.4 ma. and dropping out at 2.2 ma.
In operation of the monitoring system, the filaments normally follow the path shown in the drawing and the intense light beam holds the resistance of the light-responsive resistor 27 to a low value. The transistor will not be conductive. A small amount of current will flow through the circuit path which includes the relay 43 the 51K resistor 34, the potentiometer 33 and the light-responsive resistor 27. However, this current will not be great enough to pull in the relay 43.
In the event of a pressure drop in the spinning head, the filaments 14 will assume a straight path and will partially block off the light from the source 26. This causes an increase in the resistance value of the variable resistor 27 which in turn causes the transistor 38 to become conductive. This allows more than 2.4 ma. to flow through the relay 43, thereby pulling in this relay to close the contactor 46 to connect the battery 48 to the alarm lamp 47. This indicates to the operator that the spun filaments are not up to the desired quality so that he can begin an immediate check of the spinning apparatus to determine what has gone wrong. If it is desired, the closing of the contactor 46 can be used to operate a control device of some sort. For example, a device for stopping the spinning operation could be substituted for the lamp 47.
The variable or light responsive resistor 27 is so sensitive that the movement of a single 3 denier filament into the light beam will cause the transistor to become conductive.
This system provides an'imme'diate inspection of spun filaments, so that necessary corrections can be made at once rather than after a large amount of off-denier yarn has been spun. Also, this system provides an automatic inspection of all of the yarn rather than just short portions as is the case with conventional inspection.
It is to be understood that the embodiment disclosed herein is merely illustrative and that this embodiment may be altered or amended and that numerous other embodiments may be contemplated which will fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
A system for detecting a decrease in denier of melt spun filaments, comprising a spinning chimney through which the filaments pass, said chimney having a pair of slits in the opposite sides thereof, a nozzle positioned adjacent to the chimney for directing a stream of air from the back of the chimney thereacross to sweep the filaments to the front of the chimney and in a direction normal to a line extending through said slits, a light source positioned adjacent to one of the slits for directing a beam of light along said line through said slits, a cadmium sulphide resistor positioned adjacent to the other slit for receiving said light beam, said resistor having a resistance value thereof connected to the tap of the potentiometer, a relay,
a battery connected in series with the relay between the terminals, and alarm means operated by the relay, said transistor conducting to operate the relay in response to a decrease in the resistance value of the cadmium sulphide resistor.
References Cited in the file of this patent, UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,233,483 Metcalf Mar. 4, 1941 2,273,105 Heckert Feb. 17, 1942 2,323,128 Hare June 29, 1943 2,682,144 Hare June 29, 1954 2,922,188 Bossen Jan. 26, 1960 2,979,628 Goon Apr. 11, 1961 2,979,766 Briggs et a1. Apr. 18,1961 2,982,994 Fernstrom May 9, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS 692,726 Germany June 26, 1940 917,296 Germany Aug. 30, 1954
US88952A 1961-02-13 1961-02-13 Monitoring and detection circuits for spun filaments Expired - Lifetime US3142831A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL274686D NL274686A (en) 1961-02-13
US88952A US3142831A (en) 1961-02-13 1961-02-13 Monitoring and detection circuits for spun filaments
GB3951/62A GB953942A (en) 1961-02-13 1962-02-01 Melt spinning apparatus for the production of filaments
CH154162A CH378070A (en) 1961-02-13 1962-02-08 Thread title tester
DK64162AA DK105354C (en) 1961-02-13 1962-02-10 Apparatus for checking freshly spun filaments.

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US88952A US3142831A (en) 1961-02-13 1961-02-13 Monitoring and detection circuits for spun filaments

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3761210A (en) * 1971-07-09 1973-09-25 Carborundum Co Apparatus for producing fibers
US4738866A (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-04-19 Burlington Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining whether an adequate amount of sizing has been applied to yarn ends
US5437082A (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-08-01 Tsudakoma Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for detecting and repairing yarn defects in a warper
WO2007003377A1 (en) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-11 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for producing a spun-bonded non-woven
US20160161423A1 (en) * 2013-08-01 2016-06-09 Schott Ag Method and device for detecting defects in coils of brittle or fracture-prone material which is at least partially transparent, and use of said method and device
CN105803551A (en) * 2014-12-31 2016-07-27 大连华阳新材料科技股份有限公司 Static gun silk separating device for tubular drafting

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE692726C (en) * 1937-06-10 1940-06-26 Ernst Gessner Akt Ges Length measuring machine for fabric webs
US2233483A (en) * 1938-07-28 1941-03-04 Photoswitch Inc Supervising filamentary material
US2273105A (en) * 1938-08-09 1942-02-17 Du Pont Method and apparatus for the production of artificial structures
US2323128A (en) * 1941-09-10 1943-06-29 Texas Co Method and apparatus for determining liquid level
US2682144A (en) * 1947-03-18 1954-06-29 Deering Milliken Res Trust Control method and means
DE917296C (en) * 1951-11-25 1954-08-30 Heinrich Von Den Benken Electro-pneumatic stopping device for textile machines, especially wing spinning machines
US2922188A (en) * 1957-02-20 1960-01-26 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Control for extrusion apparatus
US2979628A (en) * 1959-02-09 1961-04-11 Heat Timer Corp Photo-electric monitor for pointer indicating instruments
US2979766A (en) * 1960-02-23 1961-04-18 Chemstrand Corp Melt-spinning apparatus
US2982994A (en) * 1958-10-15 1961-05-09 Du Pont Process and apparatus for quenching and steam-conditioning yarn

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE692726C (en) * 1937-06-10 1940-06-26 Ernst Gessner Akt Ges Length measuring machine for fabric webs
US2233483A (en) * 1938-07-28 1941-03-04 Photoswitch Inc Supervising filamentary material
US2273105A (en) * 1938-08-09 1942-02-17 Du Pont Method and apparatus for the production of artificial structures
US2323128A (en) * 1941-09-10 1943-06-29 Texas Co Method and apparatus for determining liquid level
US2682144A (en) * 1947-03-18 1954-06-29 Deering Milliken Res Trust Control method and means
DE917296C (en) * 1951-11-25 1954-08-30 Heinrich Von Den Benken Electro-pneumatic stopping device for textile machines, especially wing spinning machines
US2922188A (en) * 1957-02-20 1960-01-26 Industrial Nucleonics Corp Control for extrusion apparatus
US2982994A (en) * 1958-10-15 1961-05-09 Du Pont Process and apparatus for quenching and steam-conditioning yarn
US2979628A (en) * 1959-02-09 1961-04-11 Heat Timer Corp Photo-electric monitor for pointer indicating instruments
US2979766A (en) * 1960-02-23 1961-04-18 Chemstrand Corp Melt-spinning apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3761210A (en) * 1971-07-09 1973-09-25 Carborundum Co Apparatus for producing fibers
US4738866A (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-04-19 Burlington Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining whether an adequate amount of sizing has been applied to yarn ends
US5437082A (en) * 1992-04-09 1995-08-01 Tsudakoma Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for detecting and repairing yarn defects in a warper
WO2007003377A1 (en) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-11 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for producing a spun-bonded non-woven
US20080197522A1 (en) * 2005-07-05 2008-08-21 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for producing a spun-bonded non-woven
US20160161423A1 (en) * 2013-08-01 2016-06-09 Schott Ag Method and device for detecting defects in coils of brittle or fracture-prone material which is at least partially transparent, and use of said method and device
US10222342B2 (en) * 2013-08-01 2019-03-05 Schott Ag Method and device for detecting defects in coils of brittle or fracture-prone material which is at least partially transparent, and use of said method and device
CN105803551A (en) * 2014-12-31 2016-07-27 大连华阳新材料科技股份有限公司 Static gun silk separating device for tubular drafting

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CH378070A (en) 1964-05-31
GB953942A (en) 1964-04-02
NL274686A (en)
DK105354C (en) 1966-09-19

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