US3118619A

US3118619A - Fluorescent luminaire

Info

Publication number: US3118619A
Application number: US786443A
Authority: US
Inventors: Donald W Harling
Original assignee: McGraw Edison Co
Current assignee: McGraw Edison Co
Priority date: 1957-09-23
Filing date: 1958-12-29
Publication date: 1964-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 1981-01-21

Description

Jan. 21, 1964 D. w. HARLING FLUORESCENT LUMINAIRE Original Filed Sept. 25. 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR- Donaid ZM iiarZa' BY a? T W 1 alvsriii Jan. 21, 1964 D. w. HARLING 3,118,619

FLUORESCENT LUMINAIRE Original Filed Sept. 23. 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 v ee apze 5 a INVENTOR. :5 0 Donald ZZ/. 7%:27'2472;

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FLUORESCENT LUMINAIRE Original Filed Sept. 23. 195? 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

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Jan. 21, 1964 D. w. HARLING 3,113,619

FLUORESCENT LUMINAIRE Original Filed Sept. 23. 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. DormZd 2M Fia r2423 Jan. 21, 1964 D. w. HARLING 3,113,619

FLUORESCENT LUMINAIRE Original Filed Sept. 23. 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 //4 l J 1 2 25 133 3 72 20a 24 30 16:: we 20d 24 20/ -21 722a i la INVENTOR.

D nnie! 2a #47217 7 ilnited States Patent 3,118,619 FLUQRESCENT LUWAIRE Ecnairl W. Hurting, South Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to McGraw-Edison Company, Milwaukee, Wis, a corporation of Deiaware @riginai appiieation Sent. 23. 1957, Ser- No. 685,439, now Patent No. 2,386,699. Divided and this application Dec. 29, 1958, Ser. No. 786,443

t Claims. ((11. 240-25) This invention relates to fluorescent type luminaires and more particularly to fluorescent luminaires for street lighting and the like. This application constitutes a divisional application carved out of our co-pending application, Serial No. 685,439, filed September 23, 1957, which matured into Patent No. 2,886,699, dated May 12, 1959, and entitled Fluorescent Luminaire.

Fluorescent lnminaires utilized for lighting highways are generally mounted on a pole and at considerable distance above the ground. In both installation and maintenance, the lineman is working from a ladder or the like and, hence, ease of original installation, and ease of access to and handling of all parts of the fluorescent luminaire during maintenance is particularly important.

It is an object of this invention to provide a fluorescent luminaire which is particularly well adapted for easy installation to pole mounted supporting means by one man standing in an elevated position on a ladder or the like.

It is another object of this invention to provide a novel method or" installation of a fluorescent luminaire wherein the parts may be individually mounted as separate components, thus, aflording easy installation because of the relatively lighter weight of the individual components as compared to the total weight of the luminaire.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a novel method of mounting a fluorescent luminaire having outer housing means to a pole support comprising, mounting a portion of the housing upon the support means in an inverted position relative to its normal operating position upon the support means, then installing several of the components upon the housing portion prior to rotating the housing to its normal operating position, thus, the inverted housing afiords a convenient easy place to rest tools and the like as well as allowing a workman to be working on top of rather than underneath the luminaire housing while installing the other components and making electrical connections, etc.

it is another object of this invention to provide a fluorescent luminaire having a separate component comprising unitary reflector assembly including junction block terminals, lamp holders, lamps, reflecting surfaces, all of which may be quickly and easily attachably and detachably mounted as a unit relative to the rest of the luminaire when mounted on a pole in an elevated position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a luminaire as above set forth wherein the unitary reflector assembly is hingedly mounted relative to the rest of the luminaire such that the entire subassembly may be pivotally swung away therefrom to provide access to electrical connections, ballast, mounting means, etc., without necessitating the removal of lamps from the lamp holder thereby reducing breakage of lamps and disturbance of the factory set optical relationships of lamp holders to reflecting surfaces.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a luminaire assembly wherein the electrical circuits may be conveniently checked without necessitating removal of the lamps from the reflector assembly.

A further object of the invention is to provide a luminaire as set forth above wherein the reflector assembly "ice is latched into position by a manually operable spring loaded latch means that affords quick easy access without the use of tools.

A further object of the invention is to provide in a device of the type aforementioned, quick attachable and detachable electrical junction block means mounted on the reflector subassembly which affords both speedy and easy initial wiring as well as repair work all of which may be done without tools.

A further object of this invention is to provide a reflector assembly as above described having a particular spacial relationship of lamps which provides an even light pattern with a minimum of glare.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a luminaire as above described having spaced back-to-back parabolic reflecting surfaces which are connected by an intermediate surface portion, said intermediate connecting surface portion being of a configuration adapted to concentrate radiant energy from lamps spaced therebelow in a manner to heat up said lamps to thereby increase the operational efficiency of the lamps when exposed to very cold temperatures and simultaneously eliminate hot spots of light below the luminaire.

Another object of the invention is to provide a luminaire for street lighting and the like which is shallow in height as respect to width, said relationship tending to keep the wind loading of the luminaire at a minimum to reduce the size of support structure for the luminaire.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a reflector assembly as above described which divides the outer casing of the luminaire into upper and lower chambers, said reflector assembly being adapted to prevent radiant heat from the lamp sources from impinging upon the ballasts located in the upper chambers to thereby not increase the temperature surrounding the said ballasts.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a lu-minaire as outlined above that is well adapted for mass manufacture, is easy to assembly and maintain, is pleasing in appearance, has a long field life and is otherwise well adapted :for the purposes for which is was designed.

The novel features that are characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will best be understood by the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a side view of a fluorescent luminaire for street lighting purposes mounted in its normal operative position relative to a pole by suitable mounting means, a portion or" said view being in section;

PEG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along line 23 of FIG. 1, the mounting pipe being omitted;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the reflector assembly with the lamps removed therefrom, a portion of the electrical circuitry being shown in semi-diagrammatical form;

FIG. 4 is a so called reflection diagram oi the optical characteristics of the reflector assembly shown in F168. 1-3, inclusive;

FIG. 5 is a pictorial representation of the vertical and horizontal light patterns provided by a luminaire oi the type shown in FEGS. 1-4, inclusive;

FIG. 6 is a semi-diagrammatic view simiiar to FIG. 4 showing a reflection diagram for an alternative embodimerit of reflector configuration;

PEG. 7 is a view similar to FEGS. 4 and 6 showing reflection diagram for another alternative embodiment reflector assembly;

FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 showing a of a reflection diagram of an alternative spacial relationship of lamps to each other as well as to reflector, and in additic-n showing an alternative configuration of reflector surfaces;

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the junction block assembly which is mounted on the reflector assembly, said view showing the quick attachable and detachable electric connection means;

FIG. 10 is a bottom plan view of the upper housing shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reflector assembly, electrical components an globe assembly being removed;

11 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a collar assembly which coacts with the support means;

P16. 12 is a perspective view showing the upper housing mounted in an inverted position as compared to its normal operating position prior to assembling the other components thereto in the initial installation of the luminaire.

Before giving a detailed description of the precise configuration and cooperation of the components of the fluorescent lumina re, a short enumeration of the major components and the novel method of their field assembly shall be described.

The major components of the luminai e are the upper outer housing means 14, the detachable globe assembly means 15, the unitary refle tor assembly 16 and electrical control means 19'. The total weight of all the aforementioned components is relatively large and the complete assembly is rather bulky. However, individually the components may be readily handled by one man.

In order to provide an easy, one man field assembly of the luminaire in an elevated position, a support means 12 is first positioned upon a suitable pole 11 at a predetermined elevated height such as 30 feet or the like above the street level. The support means 12 is generally fixed at a predetermined angle generally transverse of the street that is to be lighted. As perhaps best shown in FIGS. 1, l and 12, the support means 12 has an elongated portion 12.: which may take the form of a pipe or the like and a secondary depending supporting portion 12b. The electric input leads for the luminaire are preferably brought in through the interior of the support means 12.

In order to assemble the components in the field, the housing means 14 is formed with an aperture at one end, said aperture being adapted to receive the elongated portion 12:: of the support means. The housing means 14- is preliminarily mounted in the up side down position shown in FIG. 12. A collar 28a which is fixed to the housing means 14 adjacent the aperture in the housing provides a good suitable bearing for the pipe support 12a at the housing wall. The end of the pipe support 12a is adapted to be positioned in a suitable connecting and leveling means 28 as shown in FIGS. and 12. The leveling and connecting means Zll is fixedly attached to the housing means 14 in a manner to be later described.

After the housing is mounted in the aforesaid up side down position, the electric input wires 16 are suitably attached to an electrical junction box assembly (not shown). The electric control means or ballasts 19 are then fixedly mounted in the housing while the latter is in the aforementioned inverted position and the electrical connections thereto are then made.

The next step in the field assembly is to hingedly attach the unitary reflector means to the housing means also while the latter is in the inverted position. The precise method of attachment shall be more fully explained hereinafter. The necessary electrical connections to the reflector assembly 16 are then made. The housing means 14 is then rotated on the elongated support portion 12a and the leveling of the luminaire then takes place. The luminaire is preferably first leveled in a transverse direction, the set screw Zlld of the collar 2% and Zlle of the leveling and connecting means 20 both being tightened after the transverse leveling to fix the luminaire tightly to the support 12a.

Next the end collar 21% of the leveling means 29 is adjusted relative to a fixed plate 2 3C and the bolts 2 1% are tightened to thus provide longitudinal leveling of the luminaire.

The lamps 35 may then be installed in the reflector assembly 16. It is apparent that the lamps could also be installed simultaneously with the reflector assembly. The final step in the field assembly is to mount the outside globe assembly 15 upon the housing means 14 The reason for waiting until last on the installation of the lamps and the globe assembly is to reduce the chance of breakage. However, it is to be noted that the globe assembly also can be easily mounted to the housing means 1 prior to the revolving or rotation of the latter if desired. It will also be noted that all of the mounting of the component pelts except for the aforementioned lamps and globes,

as well as all of the electrical connections, may be per formed while working on top of rather than bel w the component parts. This, of course, is important to an installation man who is working 30 feet or so in the air because if any parts should be dropped they would fall into the housing as versus falling clear to the ground. Further, it is always easier to work on top of rather than beneath the work pieces.

Inasmuch as high output fluorescent lamp tubes are by nature greatly elongated, the luminaire tends to become quite bulky. Great care Should be taken to keep the over-all luminaire as shallow as possible to reduce wind loading. It should be pointed out that the casing for the lurninaire 16 is relatively shallow in vertical height (represented by the dimension =B) as compared with the width of the luminaire (represented by the dimension A). This relationship of height to width is most desirable for reduction in wind resistance. It is further noted that the outer configuration of the housing and globe assembly as seen in cross section, FIG. 2, has a somewhat streamlined eflfect as to further reduce the wind loading upon the support means 12.

Turning now to a more precise description of the parts: The luminaire 10 in its final assembly, has an outer hollow casing which protects the internal portions from the weather. Broadly, the casing comprises two main parts as aforementioned, the upper housing means 14 and the detachable globe assembly 15. Intermediate these two casing parts is a unitary reflector assembly 16 which substantially divides the interior of the elongated hollow casing into two chambers, the upper internal chamber 17 and the lower internal chamber 18. As is apparent, most of the electrical components and the adjustable connections of the luminaire to the support means are disposed in the upper chamber 17 while the lamps and the reflect- .ing surfaces are disposed in the lower chamber 18.

The upper housing means 14 comprises a housing member 1 1a which is preferably made from a single piece of aluminum which is formed into a substantially shallow inverted elongated cu shaped roof which is adapted to cover and weather proof the working parts of the luminaire. The perspective view, FIG. 12, shows the housing means 14 approximately out of normal operating position. The housing means 14 is preferredly made relatively thin for good heat dissipation purposes. To strengthen the thin housing, supporting ribs. 21., which may be formed of square extruded aluminum, may be spacedly disposed transversely to the long dimension of the housing. The ribs 21 are formed in a manner to fit the inside of the housing as shown. 1

As shown in F168. 10 and 12, the left end 'of the housing means 14 is formed with an aperture, there being a collar 20a surroundingly mounted to the aperture and suitably fixed to the housing. A set screw 200. is positioned on the collar for easy access from the open end of the housing means 14-.

Fixedly attached to the left hand rib, as viewed in FIG. 10, is a downwardly projecting (from operating position of luminaire) plate 20c which is formed with a pair of

parallel slots

29k and 20p. An end collar 20b is formed with threaded apertures spaced the distance of the slots 2 3p and 29k. A pair of suitable bolts 20 are disposed in said slots and in said apertures for adjustment of the end collar 29b relative to the fixed plate 20c to longitudinally level the luminaire. To keep out bugs, moisture, etc. sealing means 20f such as neoprene, etc., may be disposed in the end collar 2%, the sealing means 20] being suitably pierced to allow the electrical input conductors 13 to extend therethrough as shown in FIG. 2.

Electric control means 1%, known in the art as ballasts, are fixedly disposed within the upper chamber 17. It is to be noted that the ballasts are preferredly fixedly mounted by suitable fastening means such as bolts 19a against the inner surface of the member 14a for heat dissipation purposes. The function of the ballasts and the electrical connections thereto from the power source connectors 13 are well known and therefore are not shown and will not be discussed further.

Near the open edges and along the long sides of the inter-ior of the housing member 14a, are a pair of elongated L-shaped strips of metal 22, one portion of member 22 firmly attached to the housing 14a and the other portion 22:: extending inwandly as shown in FIGS. 2, l and 12. The members 22 are disposed on opposite sides of the housing means such that the inwardly extending portions 22a face each other as best shown in FIG. 2. Fixedly attached to one of the inwardly extending portions 22a are a plurality of latch tab members 23 which may be suitably and spacedly attached by a screw, bolt or the like as shown on the left hand side of FIGS. 2 and '10. The latch means 25 which is mounted upon the tabs 23 will be described later. Substantially opposite from the tab members 23 on the opposite inwardly extending portion 22a, i.e., on the right side as viewed in FIG. 2, are a plurality of spaced hinge tabs 24 which are configured in a manner to receive a detachable hinge member 34 as shall be more thoroughly described hereafter.

Turning now to the detachable globe assembly 15 and the sealing means therefor, it is to be pointed out that the globe assembly 15 is hingedly mounted in place relative to the housing means 14 by suitable combination latch and hinge means 49. The precise configuration of the latch and hinge means and the sealing means surrounding the globe means 15 are more particularly described in a copending application of Donald W. Harling and Philip B. Clark, filed September 23, 1957, and having Serial No. 685,438, new Patent 3,092,336 and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention. For purposes of this disclosure, suflioe it to say that the globe assembly comprises a one piece elongated cup shape plastic globe member which is detachably hingedly mounted to both sides of the upper luminaire housing 14a such that it may be swung open from either side for access to the interior of the luminaire 10 as shown in dotted lines in the far right hand side of FIG. 2.

Once the globe assembly is hingedly or completely detached relative to the housing, access is bad to the reflector assembly 16. The reflector assembly 16 is a unitary assembly in that it may be readily attached and detached from the housing member 14a as a separate subassernbly as well as hin edly swung to an open position for access to the upper chamber 17. The main components of assembly 16 are the lamp holder means 29, elongated fluorescent type lamps 35, quick attachable and detachable electric junction block means 30, parabolic reflecting means 31 and strengthening rib means 32.

Turning now to the separate components, the parabolic reflector means 31 may be formed out of a single piece of aluminum, the bottom surface being highly polished, and configured such that a pair of spaced back-to-back parabolic reflecting surfaces 31a and 3117 are formed to direct light from the light sources disposed at the focal point thereof laterally outwardly of the luminaire in opposite preferred directions. The surfaces 31a and 3111 6 are connected by an intermediate surface 31c all of which will be more particularly described in explanation of the reflection diagram.

As perhaps best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, reflector means 31 may be fixed to and depend from transverse strengthening ribs 32. Any number of types of fastening means of the ribs 32 to the reflector 31 may be used, one such being screws 33. The rib means 32 are generally U-shaped in configuration and the side walls of the left end of the rib as viewed in FIG. 3 are preferably formed at 3212 with suitable apertures to receive a cotter pin 34 which serves as a hinge. As shown, any number of ribs 32 and hinges 34 may be spaced along the top side of the reflector assembly 16. All of the cotter pins 34 coact with the rib apertures 32b and with the hinge tabs 24 spaced along the open end of the housing means 14 to serve as a convenient quick detachable hinge. It is, thus, apparent that the whole assembly 16 may be rotated on the hinge 24, and if desired, the hinges themselves may be removed so as to take the entire reflector assembly 16 out of the housing 14 so that it may be worked upon on the ground and/ or for substitution of a new assembly if that is desired. As aforementioned, the original field installation is exceedingly simple, merely requiring insertion of the hinge 34 in proper places while the housing is in the inverted position shown in FIG. 12.

The base portion of the right hand end of the ribs 32 as viewed in FIG. 3 may be formed with a pair of slots which are disposed in right angle relationship to each other. The long slot 32a runs along the long dimension of the ribs 32 and the shorter slot 32c is generally transverse to the rib. The slots 32a and 320 are designed to cooperate with the spring loaded manually operable latch means 25 which is attached to latch tab 23.

The latch means 25 is operable to selectively engage and hold the reflector assembly 16 in operative position within the casing when the other end of the ribs 32 are hingedly attached by the cotter pin 34. The latch means 25 comprises a latch member having an enlarged ring type head portion 25, an elongated portion extending through the latch tab 23, a suitable coil spring 27 surroundingly mounted to the elongated portion, and a spring retaining collar 28. The head portion of the latch 26 is larger than the rib slot 320 and smaller than slot 32a. The alternative position of the head portion of the latch means relative to the

rib slots

32a and 32c is shown in dot and dash lines in H6. 2. It will be apparent that an operator may pull the latch head portion 26 downwardly as viewed in FIG. 2 to rotate the latter so that it will cooperate with the respective desired slots formed in the rib to alternatively latch or unlatch one side of hinge reflector assembly 16 to the housing means 14.

Suitable lamp holder means 2% and 2% may be fixedly mounted to each end of the reflector assembly 16 for movement therewith. More particularly lamp holder means 2%, as shown at the bottom of FIG. 3, has a first upper portion 2?! and 21 depending portion 29c. The portion 2% extends for attachment to the rib means 32 by the fastening means 33 and the depending portion 29c is adapted to mount lamp receiving bases 2d. In the particular embodiment described, four lamp bases 290. are disclosed in horizontal alignment and mounted on the depending portion 2% of the lamp holder means.

On the other end of the reflector assembly 16 is the lamp holder means 2% having a first mounting portion Zflg and a depending portion 2%. The depending portion 2% has corresponding lamp receiving base members 29k mounted in opposed relation to the lamp holders 29d in the usual manner. The lamp holder bases 29k have a spring loaded portion 29k which aid in mounting the lamps 35 in the bases 2?]: and 29d. It is to be noted that the

lamp bases

29d and 23% are positioned below the reflector surfaces SM, 310 and 31b so that a portion of the reflector surfaces are within one inch of the outer surface of each lamp when the lamps are installed in the base This is required for good starting of the fluorescent type tubes 35.

As best shown in FIG. 3, quick attachable and detachable junction block means 39a and Sub are fixedly mounted on lamp holder portions 2% and 29g, respectively. The junction blocks represent a plurality of electrical connectors md insulator blocks which are connected to the res ective lamp bases in a manner well understood in the art. Most of the electrical connections of the junction blocks to the lamp bases 25% and 2% as well as from the ballasts it to the blocks Stla and 36b have been omitted, one circuit only being shown in semidiagrammatic form.

The perspective view, PEG. 9, shows a frictional type of quick attachable and detachable type of electrical connection that is preferred and which requires no tools in making the connection between the male 38d and female 31% members. The ease of making electrical connections between th ballasts 19 and the lamps 35 is particularly important when it is considered that the man assembling the luminaire in the field is standing considerable distance above the ground on a ladder or the like, and, hence, the ease of attachment and disattachment becomes particularly important both in original installation and repair.

Returning now to the particular configuration of reflector 31 and tie relative positional relationship of the lamps 35 relative to the reflector 31 and to each other. It will be noted that the reflector means 31, as shown in FIG. 4, is so configured as to form opposed back-toback reflector parabolic surfaces 31a and 311'). Each

surface

31a and 31!] sends reflected light in a preferred direction as shown by arrows 36 and 37 from lamps 35a and 35d, respectively, disposed at the focal points of the parabolas. The reflected light from

surfaces

31a and 31b is, thus reflected outwardly in a lateral direction to throw light generally transversely of the luminaire to light the street.

The

parabolic surfaces

31a and 31b are connected by an intermediate connecting portion 31-: which serves as a heat trap and reduces light hot spots below the luminaire. It is to be particularly noted that the connecting area 310 is designed to reflect the light from the sources 35 back into themselves and the other light sources rather than to reflect the light between the light sources and onto the ground. For instance, most of the reflected light from the upper portion of light source 35b will be reflected in a manner so as to tend to impinge back upon itself or either upon the next adjacent light such as 35c or upon light source 35d. For example arrow 44 represents a light ray directed toward the reflecting surface 31c which returns to source 3512, then is directed off in greatly reduced intensity as shown by dotted arrow ttla. The intensity or" the light ray a4 is reduced approximately 15 percent each time it impinges upon a reflecting surface. This energy is lost in the form of heat. The same relationship of reflected light is true of the other center light source 35c. It also is to be noted that no bai'fles are interposed between the four lamps 35a to 35d, inclusive and, hence, a certain amount of direct light is impinging upon the adjacent light sources. As aforementioned, the reason for the configiuration of the center interconnecting surface 310 is twofold, one, it eliminates excessive hot spots of light immediately below the luminaire and, also, aids in tending to heat up the lamps for good cold weather operation.

While there is a disadvantage to warm weather operation due to this extra heating effect of the reflected light, the disadvantage is more than compensated for by the great increase in efliciency during cold weather operation.

It will be noted that the lamps 35:: through 35d are in horizontal alignment and spaced such that a line from the center of each of the individual sources and tangential to the next adjacent source forms a direct light cutoff plane that is parallel to the preferred directions established by the

parabolic surfaces

31a and 31b, respectively.

More particularly a line drawn from the center of lamp a tangential to lamp 35b establishes a plane 41 which is substantially parallel to arrow 37 which represents the preferred direction established by reflecting surface 3112. It will be noted that the cutoif planes established by lamps 35b and 350 relative to lamps 35c and 35a, respectively, which form planes 42 and 43 are simiar and substantially parallel to the plane established by line 41. Conversely, lamp 35d has a cutotf plane established by lamp 35c which is parallel to the plane represented by lines 36 which are in the preferred direction established by the parabolic reflecting surface 31a. The same holds true for the cutofl planes represented by

lines

38 and 39 which are established by lamps 35a 355 relative to lamp 35b and 350, respectively. it will be apparent that this particular relationship of lamps to the lamps to each other and the relationship to the reflector surfaces tend to make a luminaire which gives a very fine light pattern with minimum of glare as shown by the candle power distribution curve diagrams shown in PEG. 5.

More particularly the lateral distribution 46 and vertical distribution are illustrative candle power curves of 6-foot lumrin aire, curve 45 being taken at through vertical at an ambient temperature of 24 centigrade in still air with four cool white fluorescent light tubes and curve 45 is a vertical distribution through lateral taken under the same conditions as curve 46.

FIGS. 6-8, inclusive, show alternative reflection diagrams and reflector configurations as well as arrangements of lamps to reflector and each other all of which produce substantially the same results as set forth with reflector 31 just described. Similar parts have been marked with similar numbers but have been prefixed with different numbers to differentiate the particular figure involved, i.e., reflecting surface 31a of FIG. 4 is denominated 131a in FIG. 6, 231a in FIG. 7 and 331a in FIG. 8, and other similar parts are likewise denominated with the same system.

For purposes of clarity the alternative embodiments shown in FIGS. 6-8, inclusive will be discussed in cornparison to PEG. 1, the dilfering relationships being explained rather than the parts that have the same relationship. More particularly, FIG. 6 shows a different form of intermediate connecting surface 1310 which has both a concave and a convex surface, said intermediate connecting surface 2131c having substantially the same operational relationship to the lamps 135a to 135d, inclusive, as reflector portion 310 of FIG. 4 in that portion 1310 will tend to reflect a large portion of the light back toward the various lamp sources in a manner to heat up same and to prevent a deleterious concentration of light immediately below the luminaire.

FIG. 7 shows a reflector configuration wherein the parabolic reflecting surfaces 23-111 and 23d!) extend downwardly to the cutoff planes as represented by the arrows, the planes represented by

arrows

238 and 241 establishirlg the furthest downward limit that reflector surface 231a may extend and the planes established by

arrows

240 and 243 establish .the funthcst downward limit reflector surface 23lb may extend. The intermediate connecting surfaces 231a and 2310" as shown are generally circular in shape and are designed to trap a good deal of the light in that they reflect the light directly back into the light sources 2335b and 235:: for reasons aiforestated.

FIG. 8 shows a slightly different configuration from the foregoing in that the lamps 33515 and 335C are raised slightly above the horizontal alignment of

lamps

335a and 335d. The two outer lamps, namely 335a and 335d, are still disposed at the focal points of the parabolic surfaces 33112 and 331b, respectively; however, the cutoff plane between lamps 3351) and 335a extends in the preferred direction 336 and the cutoff plane between lamps 3352; and 335s relative to each other and 335s to lamp 335d extends in the same direction as preferred direction 337. One difference in the reflector 33-1 shown in FIG. 8 is that the cutoff planes established by the two outer lamps relative to the two inner lamps are not in the preferred direction.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the luminaire hereinbefore described and the alternative embodiments thereof are particularly well adapted for providing good, efiicient street lighting While being exceedingly easy to operate and maintain.

Although specific embodiments have been shown and described, it is with full awareness that many modifiications thereof are possible. The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted except insofar as is necessitated by the prior art and by the spirit of the appended claims.

What is claimed as the invention is:

1. An elongated luminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support, said luminaire including an elongated housing having a longitudinal axis, first and second pipe embracing means afiixed to said housing in a longitudinal spaced relation, each of said embracing means rotatably engaging said pipe so that said housing is rotatable on said pipe about an axis substantially parallel to said longitudinal axis, means for clamping each of said embracing means to said pipe so that said housing may be affixed to said pipe in a predetermined angular position around the longitudinal axis of said housing, one of said embracing means being adjustably affixed to said housing for movement in a direction transverse to said axis so that the longitudinal axis of said housing may be tilted relative to said pipe, whereby said luminaire may be leveled.

2. An elongated luminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support, said luminaire including an elongated housing having an aperture for entry of said pipe support into said luminaire, collar means fixed to said housing and disposed in surrounding relationship to said aperture, a first mounting means disposed within said housing and displaced from said collar means, second mounting means releasably secured to said pipe at a point adjacent said first mounting means and means for adjustably connecting said first and second mounting means in a plurality of relatively vertical positions whereby said first mounting means may be moved vertically relative to said second mounting means while said collar means remains relatively stationary to afford leveling of said luminaire housing. i

3. An elongate luminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support, said luminaire inoludinr an elongate housing having an aperture for entry of said pipe support into said luminaire, a first collar surrounding sm'd pipe adjacent said aperture, a second collar engaging said pipe and being longitudinally displaced from said first collar,

rst and second mounting means for affixing said collars to said housing, one of said mounting means having nominally vertical means for afiixing its associated collar in a plurality of vertical positions relative to said housing so that said housing may be tilted vertically, said collars releasably engaging said pipe for rotational movement so that said housing may be affixed to said pipe in a fixed angular relationship.

4. An elongate l-uminaire, a nominally horizontal elongate pipe support, said luminaire including an elongate housing having an aperture for entry of said pipe support into said luminaire, a supporting rib mounted in said housing and extending transversely of said pipe, a first collar fixed to said housing in surrounding relationship to said aperture, a second collar engaging said pipe and being longitudinally displaced from said first collar adjacent said supporting rib, said supporting rib having nominally vertical slot means for affixing said second collar in a plurality of vertical positions relative to said housing so that the longitudinal axis of said housing may be tilted vertically, said collars releasably engaging said pipe for rotational movement so that said housing may be afiixed to said pipe in a fixed angular relationship.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,447,228 Boston Aug. 17, 1948 2,606,998 Winkler et al Aug. 12, 1952 2,641,687 Akely June 9, 1953 2,731,227 Anderson Jan. 17, 1956 2,838,832 Potter June 17, 1958 2,873,519 Milne Feb. 17, 1959

Claims

1. AN ELONGATED LUMINAIRE, A NOMINALLY HORIZONTAL ELONGATE PIPE SUPPORT, SAID LUMINAIRE INCLUDING AN ELONGATED HOUSING HAVING A LONGITUDINAL AXIS, FIRST AND SECOND PIPE EMBRACING MEANS AFFIXED TO SAID HOUSING IN A LONGITUDINAL SPACED RELATION, EACH OF SAID EMBRACING MEANS ROTATABLY ENGAGING SAID PIPE SO THAT SAID HOUSING IS ROTABLE ON SAID PIPE ABOUT AN AXIS SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO SAID LONGITUDINAL AXIS, MEANS FOR CLAMPING EACH OF SAID EMBRACING MEANS TO SAID PIPE SO THAT SAID HOUSING MAY BE AFFIXED TO SAID PIPE IN A PREDETERMINED ANGULAR POSITION AROUND THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID HOUSING, ONE OF SAID EMBRACING MEANS BEING ADJUSTABLY AFFIXED TO SAID HOUSING FOR MOVEMENT IN A DIRECTION TRANSVERSE TO SAID AXIS SO THAT THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF SAID HOUSING MAY BE TILTED RELATIVE TO SAID PIPE, WHEREBY SAID LUMINAIRE MAY BE LEVELED.