US3104022A - Garbage disposal means - Google Patents

Garbage disposal means Download PDF

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US3104022A
US3104022A US74539A US7453960A US3104022A US 3104022 A US3104022 A US 3104022A US 74539 A US74539 A US 74539A US 7453960 A US7453960 A US 7453960A US 3104022 A US3104022 A US 3104022A
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drum
cone
receptacle
interior
rotation
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US74539A
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Schaffler Georg
Fichtl Karl
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Keller and Knappich GmbH
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Keller and Knappich GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/22—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with screw conveyors, rotary tanks

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  • a vehicle for conveying loose material, more especially garbage comprises a rotary drum serving as a receptacle and a closure cover retained at the rear of the chassis, a truncated cone, projecting into. the interior of the rotary drum, provided at the bottom with a charging aperture and having a single helical b aille on the outer surface thereof, which baflie is encircled by a plurality of parallel material engaging ribs arranged on the inner wall surface of the rotary drum, the helical bafile extending from the upper zenith of the cone in the region of the closure cover over the whole lower charging aperture at the inner plane of the truncated cone and being radially widened so that its outer edge is equidistantly spaced from the driving ribs which are of equal height from the inner surface of the rotary drum.
  • the effect of the invention is that after first loosely filling the receptacle, garbage subsequently positioned against the rear receptacle cover on occurrence of a back-pressure is conveyed by the rotary action of the material engaging ribs away from the charging aperture in an upward direction and in this way pressed forwardly into the annular chamber between the outer surface of the cone and the inner wall surface of the rotary drum, whereupon it then arrives at the upper zenith into the operational range of the helical baflle and is subjected positively to an increasing compressive action thereagainst in the direction towards the interior of the receptacle.
  • This compressive action extends approximately over somewhat more than half a rotation in extent to the depth to which the cone projects into the interior of the receptacle, the radial expansion of the baffle surface increasing continuously since the material engaging ribs are of equal height over their whole length and the outer edge of the bafiie is equidistant therefrom.- Since the garbage has no alternative but to pass into the interior of the receptacle, the charging aperture is constantly empty and may be recharged without interruption.
  • the positive conveying and compression takes place in a constantly uniform and continuous manner during the rotation of the receptacle. It permits an increase of compression to any extent permissible by the strength of the cover and the available driving output. Even on gradients the receptacle is completely filled and the contents consolidated. Screw conveyors in the interior of the receptacle are no longer required. They may possibly be employed for accelerating discharge in an anti-clockwise direction and corresponding direction of conveying, quite a low height being suflicient, so that all in all the invention also brings about a considerable simplification and lowering of costs.
  • a further feature consists in the fact that the material engaging ribs are staggered relative to the axis of the rotary drum in the conveying direction towards the interior of the receptacle. This not only facilitates the conveying of the garbage into the interior of the receptacle possibly in co-operation with a screw conveyor of equal pitch arranged in the interior of the receptacle, but also provides an obtuse angle and hence an open angle between the driving ribs and the helical baflie on the pressing cone.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal horizontal section of a receptacle constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section on the line II of FIG. I seen from the interior of the receptacle;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of a garbage vehicle showing a tiltable rotary drum in the discharging position
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of a garbage vehicle having a rotary drum conica'lly enlarged at the end;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view of the receptacle shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation of a garbage vehicle in the form of an articulated trailer
  • FIG. 7 is a view of the same garbage vehicle as the one shown in FIG. 6 but in the discharge position;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective end view of the rear door and its associated cone bafile and opening as viewed from the right in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view disclosing the relationship of the material engaging ribs in the drum and the frustoconical member and its associated baflle carried by the rear door.
  • a rotary drum 1 is mounted on a chassis 2 for rotation about its longitudinal axis on an axle 3 and roller bearings mounted in a supporting frame 4 (FIGS. 1 and 3); or only by means of roller bearings mounted in a supporting frame 4 (FIGS. 6 and 7). These mounting systems are not shown in further detail because they are known per se.
  • a conventional spur gear drive (not shown) including a pinion concealed in the supporting frame 4, which may be driven in the examples shown in FIGS. 3, 6 and 7 via a cardan shaft or the like by a shaft mounted in the chassis, from the vehicle engine.
  • the rear opening end of the rotary drum 1 is closed by a cover 5 which is retained on the chassis by means of the supporting 'frame 4 and hinged about a pivot 6 (FIGS. 3 and 7).
  • a truncated cone 7 is mounted on the cover 5 and projects into the interior of the rotary drum 1, the outer conical surface of the cone 7 having a helical baffle 8 mounted thereon which extends from the base S on the cover 5 slightly more than to a point E ('FIG. 2) on an inner plane 9 of the truncated cone and hence has a pitch which extends around the described angular region over the whole depth of the cone 7.
  • Point E is so disposed that a charging aperture 10 (shown in broken lines in FIG.
  • baffle 8 is concealed by the section of the baffle 8 mounted thereover relative to the interior of the receptacle.
  • the radial extension of the bafile 8 is smaller at S and widens out up to the plane 9 of the truncated cone more in accordance with the taper of the cone in such a manner that an outer edge 11 constantly maintains an equal annular clearance from the inner wall surface of the drum and the material engaging ribs 12 mounted thereon, which are of equal height over their whole length.
  • the ribs 12 extend beyond the depth of the cone and are so staggered relative to the axis of rotation of the drum that they extend furthest in the direction of rotation D at the outer edge of the rotary drum (FIG. 5).
  • the ribs 12 extend in a conveying direction relative to the direction of rotation of the drum towards the interior of the drum, in the same manner as screw conveyors 13 which may, if desired, be provided in the receptacle itself and are of low height.
  • the ribs 12, preferably of triangular cross-section form an open obtuse angle a relative to the helical batiie 8 (FIG. 5).
  • FIG. 9 discloses diagrammatically the progression of 3 material from the opening 10 upwardly along the bafile 8 into engagement with the material engaging ribs 12, and ultimately its distribution in the interior of drum 1 as the drum is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the material following the helical path indicated by the heavy broken arrow.
  • the ribs 12 may be provided in larger numbers than the screw conveyors 13.
  • the outer edge 11 of the bafile 8 is substantially circular; it is dilterent when the inner wall surface of the drum is flared outwardly in the cone region, as shown in FIG. 4, to obtain a lower ground level for the charging and to facilitate charging, the device however may be employed under the same conditions as described.
  • the device described permits con- 4 siderable compression of the garbage in the collecting receptacle ensuring a considerably more intensive use of the loading space and weight.
  • a vehicle for transporting refuse including an elongated rotatable drum having an open rear end, a hinged door closing said open rear end, a truncated cone on said door projecting into said open end, material engaging ribs fixed to the interior of said drum surrounding said cone in angularly disposed relation to the axis of rotation of said drum, the angle of inclination being opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum in an inward direction, and a fixed helical battle on said cone extend- 1 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,753,135 Schuberth Apr. 1, 1930 1,863,964 Brenner June 21, 1932 2,690,270 Tilch et al. Sept. 28, 1954 2,704,161 Ogden "a c- Mar. 15, 1955

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Sept; 17, 1963 SCHAFFLER ETAL 3,104,022
GARBAGE DISPOSAL MEANS Filed Deb. 8, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1 1
HVVENTUR.
Sept. 17, 1963 e. scHAFFLER ETAL 3,104,022
GARBAGE DISPOSAL MEANS Filed Dec. 8, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 17, 1963 G. scHAFFLER ETAL 3,104,022
GARBAGE DISPOSAL MEANS Filed Dec. 8, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 q INVENTOR. G. Schaffler *K. Flt/2t] ATT'YS.
United States Patent 3,104,022 GARBAGE DISPOSAL MEANS Georg Schiifiler and Karl Fichtl, Augsburg, Germany, assignors to Keller & Knappich G.m.b.H., Augsburg, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed Dec. 8, 1960, Ser. No. 74,539 Claims priority, application Germany Sept. 7, 1960 2 Claims. (Cl. 214507) The invention concerns a vehicle for conveying loose material more especially garbage. N
According to the present invention a vehicle for conveying loose material, more especially garbage, comprises a rotary drum serving as a receptacle and a closure cover retained at the rear of the chassis, a truncated cone, projecting into. the interior of the rotary drum, provided at the bottom with a charging aperture and having a single helical b aille on the outer surface thereof, which baflie is encircled by a plurality of parallel material engaging ribs arranged on the inner wall surface of the rotary drum, the helical bafile extending from the upper zenith of the cone in the region of the closure cover over the whole lower charging aperture at the inner plane of the truncated cone and being radially widened so that its outer edge is equidistantly spaced from the driving ribs which are of equal height from the inner surface of the rotary drum.
The effect of the invention is that after first loosely filling the receptacle, garbage subsequently positioned against the rear receptacle cover on occurrence of a back-pressure is conveyed by the rotary action of the material engaging ribs away from the charging aperture in an upward direction and in this way pressed forwardly into the annular chamber between the outer surface of the cone and the inner wall surface of the rotary drum, whereupon it then arrives at the upper zenith into the operational range of the helical baflle and is subjected positively to an increasing compressive action thereagainst in the direction towards the interior of the receptacle.
This compressive action extends approximately over somewhat more than half a rotation in extent to the depth to which the cone projects into the interior of the receptacle, the radial expansion of the baffle surface increasing continuously since the material engaging ribs are of equal height over their whole length and the outer edge of the bafiie is equidistant therefrom.- Since the garbage has no alternative but to pass into the interior of the receptacle, the charging aperture is constantly empty and may be recharged without interruption.
The positive conveying and compression takes place in a constantly uniform and continuous manner during the rotation of the receptacle. It permits an increase of compression to any extent permissible by the strength of the cover and the available driving output. Even on gradients the receptacle is completely filled and the contents consolidated. Screw conveyors in the interior of the receptacle are no longer required. They may possibly be employed for accelerating discharge in an anti-clockwise direction and corresponding direction of conveying, quite a low height being suflicient, so that all in all the invention also brings about a considerable simplification and lowering of costs.
A further feature consists in the fact that the material engaging ribs are staggered relative to the axis of the rotary drum in the conveying direction towards the interior of the receptacle. This not only facilitates the conveying of the garbage into the interior of the receptacle possibly in co-operation with a screw conveyor of equal pitch arranged in the interior of the receptacle, but also provides an obtuse angle and hence an open angle between the driving ribs and the helical baflie on the pressing cone.
The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal horizontal section of a receptacle constructed in accordance with the invention;
' FIG. 2 is a cross-section on the line II of FIG. I seen from the interior of the receptacle;
' FIG. 3 is a side elevation of a garbage vehicle showing a tiltable rotary drum in the discharging position;
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of a garbage vehicle having a rotary drum conica'lly enlarged at the end;
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view of the receptacle shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a side elevation of a garbage vehicle in the form of an articulated trailer;
FIG. 7 is a view of the same garbage vehicle as the one shown in FIG. 6 but in the discharge position;
FIG. 8 is a perspective end view of the rear door and its associated cone bafile and opening as viewed from the right in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 9 is a schematic view disclosing the relationship of the material engaging ribs in the drum and the frustoconical member and its associated baflle carried by the rear door.
A rotary drum 1 is mounted on a chassis 2 for rotation about its longitudinal axis on an axle 3 and roller bearings mounted in a supporting frame 4 (FIGS. 1 and 3); or only by means of roller bearings mounted in a supporting frame 4 (FIGS. 6 and 7). These mounting systems are not shown in further detail because they are known per se.
There is provided a conventional spur gear drive (not shown) including a pinion concealed in the supporting frame 4, which may be driven in the examples shown in FIGS. 3, 6 and 7 via a cardan shaft or the like by a shaft mounted in the chassis, from the vehicle engine.
The rear opening end of the rotary drum 1 is closed by a cover 5 which is retained on the chassis by means of the supporting 'frame 4 and hinged about a pivot 6 (FIGS. 3 and 7). A truncated cone 7 is mounted on the cover 5 and projects into the interior of the rotary drum 1, the outer conical surface of the cone 7 having a helical baffle 8 mounted thereon which extends from the base S on the cover 5 slightly more than to a point E ('FIG. 2) on an inner plane 9 of the truncated cone and hence has a pitch which extends around the described angular region over the whole depth of the cone 7. Point E is so disposed that a charging aperture 10 (shown in broken lines in FIG. 2) is concealed by the section of the baffle 8 mounted thereover relative to the interior of the receptacle. The radial extension of the bafile 8 is smaller at S and widens out up to the plane 9 of the truncated cone more in accordance with the taper of the cone in such a manner that an outer edge 11 constantly maintains an equal annular clearance from the inner wall surface of the drum and the material engaging ribs 12 mounted thereon, which are of equal height over their whole length.
The ribs 12 extend beyond the depth of the cone and are so staggered relative to the axis of rotation of the drum that they extend furthest in the direction of rotation D at the outer edge of the rotary drum (FIG. 5). Thus the ribs 12 extend in a conveying direction relative to the direction of rotation of the drum towards the interior of the drum, in the same manner as screw conveyors 13 which may, if desired, be provided in the receptacle itself and are of low height. In this staggered formation the ribs 12, preferably of triangular cross-section, form an open obtuse angle a relative to the helical batiie 8 (FIG. 5).
FIG. 9 discloses diagrammatically the progression of 3 material from the opening 10 upwardly along the bafile 8 into engagement with the material engaging ribs 12, and ultimately its distribution in the interior of drum 1 as the drum is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the material following the helical path indicated by the heavy broken arrow.
The ribs 12 may be provided in larger numbers than the screw conveyors 13. In the form of the invention shown in FIG. 2, the outer edge 11 of the bafile 8 is substantially circular; it is dilterent when the inner wall surface of the drum is flared outwardly in the cone region, as shown in FIG. 4, to obtain a lower ground level for the charging and to facilitate charging, the device however may be employed under the same conditions as described. I
The charging and compressing operation has already been described in detail. For discharging, the cover 5 with the cone 8 is swung out about the pivot 6 (FIGS. 3 and 7). When the direction of rotation is reversed, the helices 13 facilitate the discharging operation. Further to accelerate this operation a slight tilt of about 10 about a hinge 14 (FIG. 3) by means of a hydraulic lifting device 15 and rod mechanism 16 or about the rear axle (FIG. 7) in the case of an articulated vehicle, can provide a substantial increase in rapidity of discharge. The combination of the rotation for the discharge with the slight tilt precludes noticeable gravity displacement on the rear axle. The screw conveyors 13 are of low height substantially equal to that of the material engaging ribs 12.
The device described, with simple means, permits con- 4 siderable compression of the garbage in the collecting receptacle ensuring a considerably more intensive use of the loading space and weight.
What We claim is:
1. A vehicle for transporting refuse including an elongated rotatable drum having an open rear end, a hinged door closing said open rear end, a truncated cone on said door projecting into said open end, material engaging ribs fixed to the interior of said drum surrounding said cone in angularly disposed relation to the axis of rotation of said drum, the angle of inclination being opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum in an inward direction, and a fixed helical battle on said cone extend- 1 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,753,135 Schuberth Apr. 1, 1930 1,863,964 Brenner June 21, 1932 2,690,270 Tilch et al. Sept. 28, 1954 2,704,161 Ogden "a c- Mar. 15, 1955

Claims (1)

1. A VEHICLE FOR TRANSPORTING REFUSE INCLUDING AN ELONGATED ROTATABLE DRUM HAVING AN OPEN REAR END, A HINGED DOOR CLOSING SAID OPEN REAR END, A TRUNCATED CONE ON SAID DOOR PROJECTING INTO SAID OPEN END, MATERIAL ENGAGING RIBS FIXED TO THE INTERIOR OF SAID DRUM SURROUNDING SAID CONE IN ANGULARLY DISPOSED RELATION TO THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF SAID DRUM, THE ANGLE OF INCLINATION BEING OPPOSITE TO THE DIRECTION OF ROTATION OF THE DRUM IN AN INWARD DIRECTION, AND A FIXED HELICAL BAFFLE ON SAID CONE EXTENDING FROM THE BASE TO THE PLANE OF TRUNCATION THEREOF AND
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3204789A (en) * 1963-12-12 1965-09-07 Keller & Knappich Gmbh Garbage truck
US3490624A (en) * 1967-07-10 1970-01-20 Keller & Knappich Gmbh Vehicle for carrying waste products
US3990590A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-11-09 Antonio Zompetta Device for collecting materials in bulk inside a tank
US4257728A (en) * 1978-03-03 1981-03-24 Industrie-Werke Karlsruhe Augsburg Aktiengesellschaft Garbage disposal vehicle with box beam supported tank
US4264258A (en) * 1978-12-18 1981-04-28 Ing. Herbert Nolting Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft Rotatable screw conveyor for discharging chip silos
DE3609745A1 (en) * 1986-03-22 1987-10-01 Heinz Bergmann Device for compacting refuse composed of packaging material and easily pressable waste
EP0688729A1 (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-12-27 Hans Walter Strang Refuse collection vehicle
CN102259741A (en) * 2010-05-31 2011-11-30 江苏悦达专用车有限公司 Spinning type garbage truck

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1753135A (en) * 1926-10-21 1930-04-01 Schuberth Paul Door for vehicles for removing house refuse
US1863964A (en) * 1926-09-04 1932-06-21 Daimler Benz Ag Rubbish cart
US2690270A (en) * 1950-08-17 1954-09-28 Keller And Knappich G M B H Ma Charging and discharging device for vehicles
US2704161A (en) * 1953-02-26 1955-03-15 John G Ogden Vehicle mounted collection apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1863964A (en) * 1926-09-04 1932-06-21 Daimler Benz Ag Rubbish cart
US1753135A (en) * 1926-10-21 1930-04-01 Schuberth Paul Door for vehicles for removing house refuse
US2690270A (en) * 1950-08-17 1954-09-28 Keller And Knappich G M B H Ma Charging and discharging device for vehicles
US2704161A (en) * 1953-02-26 1955-03-15 John G Ogden Vehicle mounted collection apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3204789A (en) * 1963-12-12 1965-09-07 Keller & Knappich Gmbh Garbage truck
US3490624A (en) * 1967-07-10 1970-01-20 Keller & Knappich Gmbh Vehicle for carrying waste products
US3990590A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-11-09 Antonio Zompetta Device for collecting materials in bulk inside a tank
US4257728A (en) * 1978-03-03 1981-03-24 Industrie-Werke Karlsruhe Augsburg Aktiengesellschaft Garbage disposal vehicle with box beam supported tank
US4264258A (en) * 1978-12-18 1981-04-28 Ing. Herbert Nolting Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft Rotatable screw conveyor for discharging chip silos
DE3609745A1 (en) * 1986-03-22 1987-10-01 Heinz Bergmann Device for compacting refuse composed of packaging material and easily pressable waste
EP0688729A1 (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-12-27 Hans Walter Strang Refuse collection vehicle
CN102259741A (en) * 2010-05-31 2011-11-30 江苏悦达专用车有限公司 Spinning type garbage truck

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