US309904A - Blowing-engine - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model) P. L.v WBIMER.

BLOWING ENGNE.

A.. R E M TI. E W L. R

BLOWING ENGINE.

Patented De. 30, 1884.

4 Sheets-Sheet 8.

P. L.' WEIMER.

(No Model.)

BLOWING ENGINE.

Patented Deo. 30. 1884.

4 Sheets Sheet 4.

Patented Dee. 30, 1884.

P. L. WE'IMBR.

BLoWINe ENGINE.

(No Model.)

PATENT Trice..

PETER L. VEIMER, OF LEBANON, PENNSYLVANIA.

BLOVVING-ENGIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,904, dated December 30, 18784.

(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, PETER L. XTEIMER, of Lebanon, in the county of Lebanon and State of Pennsylvania7 have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Blowing-Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in blowing-engines, the object ofthe same being to provide a reciprocating blowing-engine that can be run under high pressure at a high rate of speed without danger of breaking the valves or rendering them inoperative. Y object is to provide improved admission and discharge valves;l and with these ends in view my invention consists in the parts and combinations of parts, as will be more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying,drawings, Figure l is a view inlongitudinal section of my improved cylinder. Fig. 2 is a plan view ot' the same. Fig. 3 is a viewin section of one of the receiving-valves. Fig. et is a view of one of the discharging-valves, and Figs. 5 and 6 are moditied forms of the discharging-valves.

A represents a cylinder otany desired size, the heads B of which are cast with the double circumferential walls C and D, sufficient space,l however, being vleft between the walls for the entrance of the ends of the piston, which ends are adapted to snugly iit within the annular spaces thus formed, and consequently discharge almost the entire quantity of the air at each stroke without leaving comparatively any dead-air space. This form of cylinderhead also accommodates a very wide surface of piston, and at the same time provides for ample area of both inlet and outlet air-valves. The inner cylinder-head is provided centrally with awalled opening, yin which the stuffingbox Eis situated. The heads and the wall C thereof are provided, at suitable intervals apart throughout their entire surfaces, with the inlet-valvesK,whichlatter arescrew'eddrectly into said heads and walls, and are of such size and placed sufficiently close together to obtain a very large aggregate area of opening for the A further.

admission of air, and thus permit the cylinder to fill instantly when the engine is working at its highest speed. The walls C incline outwardly, and the walls D, which are also formed integral with the head, are situated` practically at right angles to saidhead. These walls D of the heads are each provided at their inner ends with the small annular fianges @,which latter rest on the annular flanges d of the cylinder A. The cylinder-heads E are also provided with' the outwardly-extending flanges F, between which and the flanges d of the cylinder A the short cylinders or rings H are bolted, forming annular spaces G, into which the air is forced from the cylinder A. These ,cylinders H are provided at suitable intervals apart with openings closed by the plates e, which latter are removable for the purpose ot' enabling the valves secured in the walls D to .be removed when necessary. These cylinders are further provided with the tianged openings l-I, to the flanges oi` which are secured the opposite ends ofthe pipe I, provided centrally with the discharge-opening I', through which all the air drawn into the cylinder A escapes. Thus it will be seen that when the machine is in operation the air is forced tirst into one of the annular chambers, and from thence out through the pipes I and I', by which latter it is conveyed to the furnace or any other suitable point.

Surrounding the cylinder A and secured to the anges d is secured the jacket J, forming a water-space. This jacket is provided with one or more linlet and outlet pipes, (not shown in the drawings) so that a constant stream of cold water can circulate around the cylinder for the purpose of preventing, the latter from becoming overheated. The heads B and their walls C are provided, at suitable intervals apart throughout their entire surfaces, with the inletyalves II, which latter are screwed directly into the heads 'and walls, and the wall D is provided with the outlet-valves K', the construction of which will be referred to further on. The piston L is provided centrallyl with the wood packing L, held against the cylinder A by springs L, to enable it to compensate for any wear. This wood packing is provided at sui table i ntervals apart with small lOO holes or cells, which latter are filled with oil and plumbago. This piston is constructed with a very broad bearing-surface to reduce the wear, and the portions thereof on opposite sides ofthe wood packing are provided with grooves, which are also filled with a mixture of oil and plumbago. This compound of oil and plumbago hardens and serves as a lubricant, thereby .dispensing with the necessity of employing any other lubricant. The piston is operated by the rod M, the outer end of which is connected to a crank-shaft or to the piston of a steam-cylinder. Vhen the piston is moved in either direction, the air is drawn into the interior of the cylinder alternately through the inlet-valves of the opposite heads. At the completion of a stroke the inlet-valves of one head close by the pressure of air thereagainst and prevent the escape of air, andthe outlet-valves on the same side of the piston open and allow the air as the piston advances to escape from the cylinder into one of the annular-chambers. By this arrangement of inlet-valves I secure a very large area for the admission of air, which enables the blower to run at a very high piston-speed, and by the arrangement of discharge-valves secure ample discharge-area, which enables it to discharge at a correspondingly high rate of pisv tn-speed. The outer cylinder-head is provided centrally with an opening, in which the box N is secured. This box is secured to the annular wall surrounding the opening by screws g, and is provided on its inner face with an angular recess or chamber of a shape and size corresponding to the nut O, which latter holds the piston on the piston-rod. The nut enters this cavity at each stroke, andwhen it is desired to tighten up or test the tightness of the nut O the engine is placed on its top center and the screws holding the box N removed. The box is then turned, and the nut which is resting within the box turns with it. Suitable openings, g, are cast or formed in the periphery of the box N, for the reception of a wrench or bar, by means of which the box is rotated. These openings can be formed on the outer end of the box, or the outer end of thel box can have an angular recess for the reception of the wrench.

The valves K and Ii (shown in Figs. 3, l-, 5, and 6) are each composed of an outer casing, P, centrally screw-threaded, or provided with a central rib, f, and screw-threads on one or both sides of the rib. W'hen screw-threads are employed on both sides of the rib, the

- valve-case on one side of the rib only. The

casing P is bored out to receive the valve-stem y', which in turn is trued, so as to snugly it withinthecaslngl. ThiscasingIisprovided with an` annular shoulder, z', on which the spiral spring t" rests. v This spring encircles, the hollow cylindrical valve-stem g', and is re- Y of the valve to a minimum.

v and a large valve-stem.

tained within the space formed by the shoulder' t' of the casing and the shoulder 1l of the valve-stem. This stem, as before stated, is hollow, and fits snugly within the casing, and is provided centrally with the hollow hub j. through which the bolt j passes. This bolt/i is provided with a head, and is adapted to clamp the valve-platey2 to the outer enlarged end of the hub j, and also hold the valve within the casing.

In the valve K in Fig. 6, which represents a modified form of outlet-valve, a leather wash er is shown interposed between the valve-plate 72 and the hub. This washer is adapted to bear against the adjacent end of the casing and form an air-tight joint. In the valves K the platej2 has an extended bearing-surface on the casing, while the valves K are provided with knife-edge bearings. The object of constructing the outlet-valves with knife-edge seats is to decrease the excess of pressure on the back In heavy-pressure blowing, the excess of area of the back of the valve to the area under the valve is so great as to cause a serious loss of power, and to obviate this I form the valve with a knil'cedge, as shown in Fig. 4, which rests on the valve-seat, or I construct the casing with a knife-edge, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

In Fig. 5 the end ofthe casing is formed into a knife-edge, which latter bears directly against the brass or other suitable plate, jg, while in Fig. 6 a leather washer is interposed between the enlarged end of the hub and the plate j. Either of these forms reduces the excess ot pressure on the back of the valve by increasing the area of the under side thereof. I prefer to make the valve with aknife-edge to rest on a flat seat, as shown in Fig. 4. This seat can be faced with leather or gum, or it may be a plain metallic surface, as shown. By this arrangement of valves and valve-casing I provide ample room fora large spiral spring, the function of which is to rapidly close the valve.

In valves of this kind the closing-spring isl usually small in diameter, and is wound around a small central stem, which also forms the valve-guide; but this is objectionable, in that both spring and guide, being of small size,

4wear very rapidly and soon require renewal,

which I obviate by using alargc spiral spring This construction ol" valve and my manner oi' arranging them in the heads and walls also enable me to employ a comparatively large number of valves with very little lost or dead-air space between the piston and cylinder heads.'

Vhen the machine is in operation, the inlet-valves on one side of the piston and the outlet-valves on the opposite opensimultaneously. Suppose, for the sake of illustration, that the piston is moving toward the outer end of the cylinder, then the inlet-valvespon the outer head would be closed and the outletvalves K open for the escape of the air from the cylinder. The inlet-valves on the lower or inner end ot' the cylinder would also be I OO IIO

open and the discharge-valves closed. As soon as the piston reaches the end of its stroke and begins to return, the valves that were closed open, and vice versa, and so on continuously.

I make no claim in this application to the peculiar construction of valves shown and described, nor to the peculiar manner described for packing and lubricating the piston, as the former is claimed in my pending application numbered 127 ,346, filed April 10, 1884, andthe latter claimed in my Patent No. 301,541.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a blowing-engine, the combination, with a cylinder provided at its ends with' annular heads for a surrounding water-jacket, of cylinder-l1eads,each provided with au annular air-space, the inner wall of which is furnished with independent discharge-valves, the central portion of the cylinder-head extending inwardly and provided with independent airinlet valves, and a pipe connecting the annular airchambers at the opposite ends of the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. In a blowing-engine, the combination, with a cylinder provided at its ends with annular heads for a surrounding water-jacket, Aof, cylinder-heads, each provided with two in- 3o wardly-projecting flanges that fit on the annular heads of the cylinder and form an annular air chamber or space, the inner flange of the head being provided with independent valves, and the outer flange perforated and provided with a removable ring, substantially as set forth.

3. In a blowing-engine, the combination. with a cylinder and a cylinder-head provided with a converging annular space in line with the interior of the cylinder, independent inlet-valves located in the inner wall of said space, and independent outlet-valves located in the outer wall of said space, of a piston constructed with tapering extensions adapted to enter the converging annular spaces, substantially as set forth.

v4. In a blowing-engine, the combination, with a piston-rod and nut for retaining the piston in place, of a cylinder-head constructed with a central opening, a box fitted Within said opening and made iiush with the interior1 surface of the head, said box constructed to receive the nut and to be rotated to turn the nut, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PETER L. VEIMER.

Vitnesses:

JOHN A. WEIMER, ELMER E. RANCH.

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