US3081035A - Pads - Google Patents

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US3081035A
US3081035A US773085A US77308558A US3081035A US 3081035 A US3081035 A US 3081035A US 773085 A US773085 A US 773085A US 77308558 A US77308558 A US 77308558A US 3081035 A US3081035 A US 3081035A
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approximately
weight
pad
tie
composition
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US773085A
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Meyer Ree Vilma Le Beau
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Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Co
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Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Co
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Priority to US773085A priority Critical patent/US3081035A/en
Priority to FR809547A priority patent/FR1243979A/en
Priority to CH8034459A priority patent/CH400559A/en
Priority to DEM43347A priority patent/DE1112289B/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
    • E01B9/683—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material layered or composite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
    • C08L23/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
    • C08L23/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber ; Homo- or copolymers of other iso-olefins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pads and more particularly to railroad tie pads and compositions for making and coating such pads.
  • the invention is directed to a composition
  • a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a :copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a dioleiin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a :copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a dioleiin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a
  • the invention also includes railroad tie pads made from or coated with such a composition.
  • a pad particularly for use as a railroad tie pad although useful for other purposes, which effectively seals out Water and dirt from entry between the tie plate and tie either through empty spike holes or around spikes or other openings; the provision of a pad of this class which is adapted to coat railroad spikes and form a seal therearound as the spikes are driven through the pad and into the tie; the provision of such a pad which; is resilient over a wide temperature range and maintains its body and dimensional stability at elevated temperatures and in extreme cold; the provision of a pad of this class which is resistant to fatigue and to tearing 'at the holes for the spikes which fasten the railroad pads to the tie'; ⁇ the provision of such a pad which is economical to manufiicture and easy to install; and the provision of doinpositions for coating railroad tie pads or for making such pads.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the pad of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged section taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the pad of FIG. 1 on a larger scale than FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectionttaken on a plane generally at right angles to certain cords of the pad of FIG. 1 and parallel to certain other cords of this s
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation showing an installation including a pad of this invention
  • FIG. 7 is an end view of FIG. 6 with parts shown in section;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the pad of this invention.
  • improved railroad tie pads and improved coatings for such pads may be made from a composition containing a rubbery material which may be a polymer of isobutylene or a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, the rubbery material having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000, asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, microcrystalline Wax having a melting point above approximately R, an inert, water-insoluble filler and a rubber processing oil.
  • a rubbery material which may be a polymer of isobutylene or a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, the rubbery material having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000, asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, microcrystalline Wax having a melting point above approximately R, an in
  • tie pads made from the above-described composition or coated therewith advantageously provide a coating on railroad spikes as they are driven through the pad and into the tie, thereby forming a tight seal around the spike which preeludes the admission of water, sand, dirt or other foreign matter known to cause deterioration of the tie wood under the plate and loosening of the spikes.
  • these pads upon being compressed between the tie plate and tie by spikes driven therethrough, seal up the spike holes of the tie plate which are left open and form mushrooms which extend into and close the openings thereby preventing the entry of water and dirt under the tie plate.
  • the pads of the present invention are exceptionally resilient over a wide temperature range and retain their body and dimensional stability at both the extreme cold and hot temperatures encountered in actual railroad practice.
  • the pads possess the important characteristic of not becoming brittle at temperatures as low as 20 F. and of not flowing or sulfering any appreciable loss of body at temperatures as high as 130 F. A strong and complete seal between the pad and the tie is consequently maintained at all times, insuring protection of the tie from deteriorating substances.
  • the pads possess a desirable degree of tackiness which provides a strong adhesive bond between a railroad tie plate and tie
  • the composition of the invention from which the pads are made or with which the pads are coated is such that the pads may be packaged in surfacetreated paper and readily removed therefrom for use without undesirable sticking.
  • any asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 may be used including mixtures of asphalts which have these properties.
  • the asphalt component of the composition have a penetration (at 77 F.) between apfrom petroleum) may be any such wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F.
  • the wax employed should also have a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20.
  • any inert, water-insoluble filler material or mixtures thereof may be used. It is preferred that the filler material have a par ticle size of less than 250 microns. Because of their low gravity of body building characteristics, ground anthracite coal and diatomaceous earth (such as sold under the trade designation Celite by Johns-Manville Sales Corp.) are the preferred filler materials for use in the present invention. However it will be understood that other inert, water-insoluble filler materials such as whiting, clay, other types of ground coal, and barytes may also be used.
  • rubber processing oils any oil commonly used for that purpose in the rubber industry may be utilized.
  • the term rubber processing oils is well known to the art and denotes oils used to soften or lubricate rubber. Such oils are commonly used in the processing of rubber.
  • Exemplary rubber processing oils include those sold under the trade designation Enarco Red Seal B-20 (marketed by National Refining Company), Circosol ZXH (marketed by Sun Oil Company) and Circolite Oil (marketed by Sun Oil Company).
  • Enarco Red Seal B-20 has the following properties: specific gravity (60 F.) 0.88-0.924; aniline point 154; aromatics 40%.
  • Circosol 2XH is a heavy, clear transparent, and viscous liquid having a pale green color.
  • Circolite Oil is composed of light petroleum hydrocarbons having a high degree of naphthenicity and has the following properties: viscosity (SUS at 100 F.) 150-160; aniline point 154-160; flash point (open cup) 325; pour point 30 F.
  • Other conventional rubber processing oil such as petroleum oils, palm oil and pine tar may also be used.
  • a rubber reclaiming oil may be included in the composition when butyl rubber reclaim is employed as the rubbery material component.
  • An exemplary rubber reclaiming oil which may be used is that sold under the trade designation B.R.T. 3 (marketed by the Barrett Division, Allied Chemical and Dye Corporation). This is refined coal tar having the following properties: specific gravity 1.15-1.20; distillation range 170 C. (5%); 300 C. (35%). The use of this coal tar or a like refined coal tar is advantageous in that it also acts as a preservative for the wood in the tie. It will be understood that other conventional reclaiming oils may be used.
  • GR-S rubber copolymers of butadiene and styrene
  • GR-S rubber copolymers of butadiene and styrene
  • the amount of the various components included in the composition may be varied within the following percentage by weight ranges: Rubbery material (e.g. polyisobutylene or butyl rubber) having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000 33-35%; asphalt 1-70%; microcrystalline wax 1-15 filler -40%; rubber processing oil 4-25%; reclaiming oil 0-15%; and GR-S rubber 0-5%.
  • Rubbery material e.g. polyisobutylene or butyl rubber having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000 33-35%
  • asphalt 1-70% e.g. polyisobutylene or butyl rubber
  • rubber processing oil 4-25% e.g. polyisobutylene or butyl rubber
  • improved railroad tie pads may be made from the above-described composition by calendering or extruding the composition and then cutting or segmenting the resulting strips into pads of the desired size.
  • the composition may be heated to the molten state and applied onto a paper backing or any other kind of support by rolls, or by a knife the thickness of the pad being governed by the opening between the rolls. After leaving the rolls, the composition is immersed in water and then cut to the desired size.
  • FIG. 8 of the drawing shows a pad made from the composition per se. As shown, the pad generally designated 1 is of rectangular shape and may have dimensions of, for example, 7 /2" x 12" and a thickness of approximately A".
  • an improved tie pad may also be produced by coating a supporting member such as the structural pad of the type described in US. 2,858,988 dated November 4, 1958, With the above-noted composition of the invention.
  • a supporting member such as the structural pad of the type described in US. 2,858,988 dated November 4, 1958, With the above-noted composition of the invention.
  • a pad is generally designated '3.
  • the pad is shown to be of rectangular shape in plan, its side edges being designated 5, and its end edges being designated 7.
  • the pad consists of a plurality of cord plies each designated 9 with layers of rubber 11 between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad.
  • the union between the cord plies 9 and layers of rubber 11 is preferably strengthened by vulcanization of the rubber.
  • the layers of rubber between the cord plies are thin with respect to the thickness of the cord plies (see FIG. 5).
  • the cord is preferably a high quality dipped cord such as that used in tires.
  • the rubber may be natural, synthetic or reclaimed or a mixture of any two or all three of these.
  • the adjacent cord plies are at angles to one another, and all the cord plies are on the bias with respect to the edges 5 and 7 of the pad. For example, adjacent cord plies may be at right angles to one another and at a forty-five degree angle with re spect to the edges of the pad.
  • the adjacent cord plies may be at other angles to each other or to the edges of the pad without affecting the utility of the product for the intended purposes.
  • the pad when unstressed is of arched conformation both lengthwise and widthwise of the pad, edges 5 and edges 7 being curved as apparent from FIGS. 1 and 4, the pad having greater curvature along its widthwise and lengthwise center lines than along its edges.
  • pad 3 is coated on all surfaces thereof with a coating 13 of the composition of the invention.
  • This coating may be applied in various ways such as, for example, by cold extruding the composition onto the pad.
  • the composition can be heated to a temperature of approximately 400 F. or higher to render it molten and the pad thereafter dipped or thoroughly immersed in the molten composition so that all surfaces thereof become coated with the composition.
  • the pad is squeezed through rollers to remove any excess material.
  • the amount of the composition employed is dependent upon the thickness of the coating desired and the size of the pad being treated. By way of example, approximately 4-6 oz. of the composition is sufiicient to give a coating of A thickness to a pad approximately 7 /2 x 12" in size.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show how the tie pads of the invention are used between a tie plate 15 and a tie 17.
  • a rail is indicated at 19 and spikes for fastening the rail and tie plate to the tie are indicated at 21.
  • the pad Prior to application to the tie, the pad may be dipped in a fungicide and an insecticide. The pad is sufficiently tacky to bond the pad to the tie. When the tie plate and rail are applied, the pad is compressed as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The pad is stressed in such a manner that its edges 5 and 7 make a tight seal with the tie, thereby excluding dirt and water from between the pad and the tie.
  • a pad of the invention such as coated pad 3 undergoes only a minimum of lateral distortion under the high compression to which it is subjected and has great strength in compression and resistance to fatigue. Also, the pad is resistant to tearing at the spike holes. Further, the pad is sutliciently resilient to dampen shocks and vibration and acts elfectively as a thermal insulator between the tie and the tie plate.
  • Example 1 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Example 2 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Component Parts by weight Composition of Example 1 32.8 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of175 F.) 10.0 Ground anthracite coal 8L0 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F.) 49.2
  • Example 1 The ground anthracite coal and composition of Example 1 were mixed in an internal mixer such as a Banbury mixer. The resulting mixture was refined. The wax and asphalt were then added and the mixture was thoroughly intermixed in a Baker-Perkins mixer.
  • Example 3 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Component Parts by weight Butyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 9 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 1
  • Rubber processing oil sold under the trade designation Enarco Red Seal B40
  • Asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 135 F.
  • the ground coal and rubber processing oil were added 55 to the butyl rubber reclaim and mixed in an internal mixer such as a Banbury mixer. The mixture was then refined to obtain thorough dispersing of the ground coal filler with the other components. The wax and asphalt were then added and the resultant mixture was thoroughly intermixed in a Baker-Perkins mixer.
  • Example 4 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Bu-tyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 14.5
  • Example 1 The following composition was prepared for use in 5 making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Butyl rubber reclaim having a molecular weight greater than 10,000
  • Microcrystalline wax having a melting point of 175 F.
  • Ground coal 30
  • Rubber processing oil sold under the trade designation Circosol ZXH
  • Asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F.
  • Example 6 The following composition was prepared for use in makingand'coating railroad tie pads.
  • Component Parts by weight Polyisobutylene (sold under the trade designation Vistanex and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 8 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 5 Ground coal 30 Processing oil (sold under the trade designation Circolite”) 7 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F.) 50
  • Example 7 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Component Parts by weight Butyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 15.5 Microcrystalline Wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 10
  • Example 8 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
  • Butyl rubber having a molecular weight greater than 10,000
  • Microcrystalline wax having a melting point of Ground coal 19 Processing oil (sold under the trade designation Enarco Red Seal B-20) Q.
  • Asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 135 F. 60
  • Example 9 The composition of Example 3 was heated to a temperature of 400 'F. A tie pad of Us. Patent 2,858,988 was dipped in the molten composition and thoroughly coated with the composition. The tie pad was then squeezed through rollers to remove any excess material. The resulting product was a coated tie pad such as shown in FIGS. 1-5 of the drawings.
  • Example 10 The composition of Example 3 was extruded into a continuous length and then cut into individual tie pads such as shown in FIG. 8 of the drawings.
  • pads of the invention may be used as shims on ties to build up the rails to the proper elevation; they may also be used in crossings and switch frogs, and for various purposes other than railroad purposes.
  • the coating of the pads of this invention or the pads per se performs the desired seal-ing function and protects the tie surface at both high and low temperatures.
  • the coating or pad will not become brittle at low temperatures and will not flow away at elevated temperatures; the spike holes are thereby kept continuously sealed up.
  • a composition comprising between approximately 3 and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater
  • a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 7 by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 7 by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately
  • a penetration between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than approximately 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadienestyrene copolymer.
  • a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F.,
  • a penetration between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble fiiler having a' particle size of less than 250 microns, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately 15 by weight of microcrystallin'e wax having a melting point above approximately F.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately F. and 190 F.,
  • a penetration between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than approximately 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.
  • a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of a rubber reclaim consisting of a copolymer of isobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F., between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point of F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of a ground anthracite coal, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between 125 F. and F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and 15% by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point above 170 F. and a penetration,
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between 125 F. and 190 F., and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15 by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point above 170 F.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between 125 F. and
  • a penetration between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 15% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than approximately 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately by weight of a butadienestyrene copolymer.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate comprising a tacky, resilient, generally rectangular sheet composed of between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F.
  • a penetration between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, waterinsoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, and between approximately 4% and 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate comprising a tacky, resilient, generally rectangular sheet composed of between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight. greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between :a trailr ad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a tacky, resilient, generally rectangular sheet composed of, between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by :weight of rubber reclaim consisting of a copolymer of iisobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F., between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point of 175 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 2 0, between approximately 10% and 40% by weight of ground anthracite coal, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% of a rubber processing oil.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a supporting member coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting a polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170" F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting a polyisobutylene and
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said ma terial having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening'point between approximately F. and 190 F.
  • a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately l% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approxima-tely 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, waterinsoluble filler, and between approximately 4% and ap proximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F.'and F.
  • a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a rail tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation, and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobu-tylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F.
  • a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately 15 by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, and between approximately 4% and 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a rail tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation, and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and Small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F.
  • a railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation, and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and by weight of rubber reclaim consisting of a copolymer of isobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately by weight of asphalt having a softening point of approximately F., between approximately 1% and approximately 15 of microcrystalline wax having a melting point of approximately F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of ground anthracite coal, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.

Description

REE VILMA LE BEAU MEYER 3,081,035
PADS
Filed Nov. 10, 1958 United States Patent Qiiice 3,081,035 Patented Mar. 12, 1963 3,081,035 PADS Ree Vilma le Beau Meyer, Frontenac, Mo., assignor to Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Company, East St. Louis, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Filed Nov. 10, 1958, Ser. No. 773,085 16 Claims. (Cl. 238-283) This invention relates to pads and more particularly to railroad tie pads and compositions for making and coating such pads.
Briefly, the invention is directed to a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a :copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a dioleiin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil. The invention also includes railroad tie pads made from or coated with such a composition.
Arnong the several objects of the invention may be noted the provision of a pad particularly for use as a railroad tie pad, although useful for other purposes, which effectively seals out Water and dirt from entry between the tie plate and tie either through empty spike holes or around spikes or other openings; the provision of a pad of this class which is adapted to coat railroad spikes and form a seal therearound as the spikes are driven through the pad and into the tie; the provision of such a pad which; is resilient over a wide temperature range and maintains its body and dimensional stability at elevated temperatures and in extreme cold; the provision of a pad of this class which is resistant to fatigue and to tearing 'at the holes for the spikes which fasten the railroad pads to the tie';\the provision of such a pad which is economical to manufiicture and easy to install; and the provision of doinpositions for coating railroad tie pads or for making such pads. Gther objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.
The invention accordingly comprises the products hereinafter described, the scope of the invention being indicated in the following claims.
In the accompanying drawings, in which several of various possible embodiments of the invention are illustrated,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the pad of this invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged section taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the pad of FIG. 1 on a larger scale than FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectionttaken on a plane generally at right angles to certain cords of the pad of FIG. 1 and parallel to certain other cords of this s FIG. 6 is a side elevation showing an installation including a pad of this invention;
FIG. 7 is an end view of FIG. 6 with parts shown in section; and,
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the pad of this invention.
Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
In accordance with the present invention, it has now been found that improved railroad tie pads and improved coatings for such pads may be made from a composition containing a rubbery material which may be a polymer of isobutylene or a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, the rubbery material having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000, asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, microcrystalline Wax having a melting point above approximately R, an inert, water-insoluble filler and a rubber processing oil. Such a composition has been found to possess advantageous properties for use in making railroad tie pads and coatings for such pads. The nature of this composition is such that it enables railroad tie pads made therefrom or coated therewith to seal out effectively Water and dirt from entry between the tie plate and tie. Thus, tie pads made from the above-described composition or coated therewith advantageously provide a coating on railroad spikes as they are driven through the pad and into the tie, thereby forming a tight seal around the spike which preeludes the admission of water, sand, dirt or other foreign matter known to cause deterioration of the tie wood under the plate and loosening of the spikes. Also, these pads, upon being compressed between the tie plate and tie by spikes driven therethrough, seal up the spike holes of the tie plate which are left open and form mushrooms which extend into and close the openings thereby preventing the entry of water and dirt under the tie plate.
It has further been found that the pads of the present invention are exceptionally resilient over a wide temperature range and retain their body and dimensional stability at both the extreme cold and hot temperatures encountered in actual railroad practice. Thus, the pads possess the important characteristic of not becoming brittle at temperatures as low as 20 F. and of not flowing or sulfering any appreciable loss of body at temperatures as high as 130 F. A strong and complete seal between the pad and the tie is consequently maintained at all times, insuring protection of the tie from deteriorating substances.
Further, while the pads possess a desirable degree of tackiness which provides a strong adhesive bond between a railroad tie plate and tie, the composition of the invention from which the pads are made or with which the pads are coated is such that the pads may be packaged in surfacetreated paper and readily removed therefrom for use without undesirable sticking.
As mentioned above, the rubbery material of the composition may be either a polymer of isobutylene or a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin having a molecular weight greater than 10,000. As a polymer of isobutylene, any polyisobutylene such as that sold under the trade designation Vistanex (marketed by Enjay Company) and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000 may be used. As a copolyrner of isobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin, any butyl rubber, including butyl rubber reclaim, having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000 may be employed. The rubbery material used is unvulcanized and remains unvulcanized in the practice of the invention.
Any asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 may be used including mixtures of asphalts which have these properties. Also, it is preferred that the asphalt component of the composition have a penetration (at 77 F.) between apfrom petroleum) may be any such wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. Preferably, the wax employed should also have a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20.
As the filler component of the composition, any inert, water-insoluble filler material or mixtures thereof may be used. It is preferred that the filler material have a par ticle size of less than 250 microns. Because of their low gravity of body building characteristics, ground anthracite coal and diatomaceous earth (such as sold under the trade designation Celite by Johns-Manville Sales Corp.) are the preferred filler materials for use in the present invention. However it will be understood that other inert, water-insoluble filler materials such as whiting, clay, other types of ground coal, and barytes may also be used.
With respect to the rubber processing oil component, any oil commonly used for that purpose in the rubber industry may be utilized. The term rubber processing oils is well known to the art and denotes oils used to soften or lubricate rubber. Such oils are commonly used in the processing of rubber. Exemplary rubber processing oils include those sold under the trade designation Enarco Red Seal B-20 (marketed by National Refining Company), Circosol ZXH (marketed by Sun Oil Company) and Circolite Oil (marketed by Sun Oil Company). 'Enarco Red Seal B-20 has the following properties: specific gravity (60 F.) 0.88-0.924; aniline point 154; aromatics 40%. Circosol 2XH is a heavy, clear transparent, and viscous liquid having a pale green color. It is composed of hydrocarbons of comparatively high molecular weight and is entirely derived from selected crudes. In composition, it may be regarded as relatively naphthenic. It has the following properties: viscosity (SUS at 210 F.) 80-90; API gravity (at 60 F.) 17.5- 19.5; aniline point 170-180; flash point (open cup) 430 F. Circolite Oil is composed of light petroleum hydrocarbons having a high degree of naphthenicity and has the following properties: viscosity (SUS at 100 F.) 150-160; aniline point 154-160; flash point (open cup) 325; pour point 30 F. Other conventional rubber processing oil such as petroleum oils, palm oil and pine tar may also be used.
In addition to the above-noted components, a rubber reclaiming oil may be included in the composition when butyl rubber reclaim is employed as the rubbery material component. An exemplary rubber reclaiming oil which may be used is that sold under the trade designation B.R.T. 3 (marketed by the Barrett Division, Allied Chemical and Dye Corporation). This is refined coal tar having the following properties: specific gravity 1.15-1.20; distillation range 170 C. (5%); 300 C. (35%). The use of this coal tar or a like refined coal tar is advantageous in that it also acts as a preservative for the wood in the tie. It will be understood that other conventional reclaiming oils may be used.
As a further optional component, small amounts of GR-S rubber (copolymers of butadiene and styrene) may be included in the above-described composition either dissolved in the asphalt component or as a separate component.
The amount of the various components included in the composition may be varied within the following percentage by weight ranges: Rubbery material (e.g. polyisobutylene or butyl rubber) having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000 33-35%; asphalt 1-70%; microcrystalline wax 1-15 filler -40%; rubber processing oil 4-25%; reclaiming oil 0-15%; and GR-S rubber 0-5%.
'In accordance with the invention, improved railroad tie pads may be made from the above-described composition by calendering or extruding the composition and then cutting or segmenting the resulting strips into pads of the desired size. Alternatively, the composition may be heated to the molten state and applied onto a paper backing or any other kind of support by rolls, or by a knife the thickness of the pad being governed by the opening between the rolls. After leaving the rolls, the composition is immersed in water and then cut to the desired size. FIG. 8 of the drawing shows a pad made from the composition per se. As shown, the pad generally designated 1 is of rectangular shape and may have dimensions of, for example, 7 /2" x 12" and a thickness of approximately A".
In a further embodiment of the invention, an improved tie pad may also be produced by coating a supporting member such as the structural pad of the type described in US. 2,858,988 dated November 4, 1958, With the above-noted composition of the invention. Referring to FIGS. 1-4 of the drawings, such a pad is generally designated '3. The pad is shown to be of rectangular shape in plan, its side edges being designated 5, and its end edges being designated 7. The pad consists of a plurality of cord plies each designated 9 with layers of rubber 11 between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad. The union between the cord plies 9 and layers of rubber 11 is preferably strengthened by vulcanization of the rubber. The layers of rubber between the cord plies are thin with respect to the thickness of the cord plies (see FIG. 5). The cord is preferably a high quality dipped cord such as that used in tires. The rubber may be natural, synthetic or reclaimed or a mixture of any two or all three of these. The adjacent cord plies are at angles to one another, and all the cord plies are on the bias with respect to the edges 5 and 7 of the pad. For example, adjacent cord plies may be at right angles to one another and at a forty-five degree angle with re spect to the edges of the pad. The adjacent cord plies may be at other angles to each other or to the edges of the pad without affecting the utility of the product for the intended purposes. The pad when unstressed is of arched conformation both lengthwise and widthwise of the pad, edges 5 and edges 7 being curved as apparent from FIGS. 1 and 4, the pad having greater curvature along its widthwise and lengthwise center lines than along its edges.
As shown, pad 3 is coated on all surfaces thereof with a coating 13 of the composition of the invention. This coating may be applied in various ways such as, for example, by cold extruding the composition onto the pad. Alternatively, the composition can be heated to a temperature of approximately 400 F. or higher to render it molten and the pad thereafter dipped or thoroughly immersed in the molten composition so that all surfaces thereof become coated with the composition. After dipping, the pad is squeezed through rollers to remove any excess material. The amount of the composition employed is dependent upon the thickness of the coating desired and the size of the pad being treated. By way of example, approximately 4-6 oz. of the composition is sufiicient to give a coating of A thickness to a pad approximately 7 /2 x 12" in size.
It will be understood that supporting members other than the above-described tie pad of US. Patent 2,858,988 may be coated with the composition of the invention to give useful tie pads.
FIGS. 6 and 7 show how the tie pads of the invention are used between a tie plate 15 and a tie 17. A rail is indicated at 19 and spikes for fastening the rail and tie plate to the tie are indicated at 21. Prior to application to the tie, the pad may be dipped in a fungicide and an insecticide. The pad is sufficiently tacky to bond the pad to the tie. When the tie plate and rail are applied, the pad is compressed as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The pad is stressed in such a manner that its edges 5 and 7 make a tight seal with the tie, thereby excluding dirt and water from between the pad and the tie.
A pad of the invention such as coated pad 3 undergoes only a minimum of lateral distortion under the high compression to which it is subjected and has great strength in compression and resistance to fatigue. Also, the pad is resistant to tearing at the spike holes. Further, the pad is sutliciently resilient to dampen shocks and vibration and acts elfectively as a thermal insulator between the tie and the tie plate.
The following examples illustrate the invention.
.Example 1 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
The above mixture was reclaimed in accordance with conventional reclaiming procedure.
Example 2 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Composition of Example 1 32.8 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of175 F.) 10.0 Ground anthracite coal 8L0 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F.) 49.2
The ground anthracite coal and composition of Example 1 were mixed in an internal mixer such as a Banbury mixer. The resulting mixture was refined. The wax and asphalt were then added and the mixture was thoroughly intermixed in a Baker-Perkins mixer.
Example 3 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Butyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 9 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 1
Gro unckcoal 16 Rubber processing oil (sold under the trade designation Enarco Red Seal B40) 4 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 135 F.) a; 70
The ground coal and rubber processing oil were added 55 to the butyl rubber reclaim and mixed in an internal mixer such as a Banbury mixer. The mixture was then refined to obtain thorough dispersing of the ground coal filler with the other components. The wax and asphalt were then added and the resultant mixture was thoroughly intermixed in a Baker-Perkins mixer.
Example 4 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Bu-tyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 14.5
Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 9
Ground anthracitccoal 19 Rubber processing oil (sold under the trade designation Circosol ZXH) 8.5 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 150 F.) 49
6 The above components were mixed as described in Example 3.
Example The following composition was prepared for use in 5 making and coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Butyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 35 10 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 13 Ground coal 30 Rubber processing oil (sold under the trade designation Circosol ZXH) 11 15 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F.) 11
The above components were mixed as described in Example 3.
Example 6 The following composition was prepared for use in makingand'coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Polyisobutylene (sold under the trade designation Vistanex and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 8 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 5 Ground coal 30 Processing oil (sold under the trade designation Circolite") 7 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F.) 50
The above components were mixed as described in Example 3.
Example 7 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Butyl rubber reclaim (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 15.5 Microcrystalline Wax (having a melting point of 175 F.) 10
Ground coal 13 Rubber processing oil (sold under the trade designation Circosol 2XH) 5.5 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 135 F.) 56
The above components were mixed as described in Example 3. 7
Example 8 The following composition was prepared for use in making and coating railroad tie pads.
Component: Parts by weight Butyl rubber (having a molecular weight greater than 10,000) 4 Microcrystalline wax (having a melting point of Ground coal 19 Processing oil (sold under the trade designation Enarco Red Seal B-20) Q. 6 Asphalt (having a ring and ball softening point of 135 F.) 60
The above components were mixed as described in Example 3.
Example 9 The composition of Example 3 was heated to a temperature of 400 'F. A tie pad of Us. Patent 2,858,988 was dipped in the molten composition and thoroughly coated with the composition. The tie pad was then squeezed through rollers to remove any excess material. The resulting product was a coated tie pad such as shown in FIGS. 1-5 of the drawings.
Example 10 The composition of Example 3 was extruded into a continuous length and then cut into individual tie pads such as shown in FIG. 8 of the drawings.
It will be understood that the pads of the invention may be used as shims on ties to build up the rails to the proper elevation; they may also be used in crossings and switch frogs, and for various purposes other than railroad purposes.
The coating of the pads of this invention or the pads per se performs the desired seal-ing function and protects the tie surface at both high and low temperatures. The coating or pad will not become brittle at low temperatures and will not flow away at elevated temperatures; the spike holes are thereby kept continuously sealed up.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.
As various changes could be made in the above products without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
I claim:
1. A composition comprising between approximately 3 and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
2. A composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 7 by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than approximately 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadienestyrene copolymer.
3. A composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble fiiler having a' particle size of less than 250 microns, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
4. A composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately 15 by weight of microcrystallin'e wax having a melting point above approximately F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than approximately 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.
5. A composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of a rubber reclaim consisting of a copolymer of isobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F., between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point of F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of a ground anthracite coal, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
6. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between 125 F. and F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and 15% by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point above 170 F. and a penetration,
(at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 15% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
7. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between 125 F. and 190 F., and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15 by weight of a microcrystalline wax having a melting point above 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 15% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than approximately 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately by weight of a butadienestyrene copolymer.
8. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a tacky, resilient, generally rectangular sheet composed of between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, waterinsoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, and between approximately 4% and 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
9. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a tacky, resilient, generally rectangular sheet composed of between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight. greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at (77 F.) between approximately 10 and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weightof microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20,'between approximately 110% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, between approximately 4% and 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.
10. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between :a trailr ad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a tacky, resilient, generally rectangular sheet composed of, between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by :weight of rubber reclaim consisting of a copolymer of iisobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point of 170 F., between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point of 175 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 2 0, between approximately 10% and 40% by weight of ground anthracite coal, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% of a rubber processing oil.
11. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a supporting member coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting a polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170" F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler and between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
12. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said ma terial having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening'point between approximately F. and 190 F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately l% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approxima-tely 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, waterinsoluble filler, and between approximately 4% and ap proximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil.
13. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F.'and F. and a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler, between approximately 4% and approximately 25 by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadiene-styrene copolymer.
14. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a rail tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation, and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35 by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobu-tylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately 15 by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler having a particle size of less than 250 microns, and between approximately 4% and 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
15. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a rail tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation, and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and approximately 35% by weight of an unvulcanized rubbery material selected from the group consisting of polyisobutylene and a copolymer of isobutylene and Small amounts of a diolefin, said material having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and 70% by weight of asphalt having a ring and ball softening point between approximately 125 F. and 190 F., a specific gravity between approximately 1.01 and 1.04 and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 90, between approximately 1% and approximately 15% by weight of microcrystalline wax having a melting point above approximately 170 F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of an inert, water-insoluble filler having a particle size of. less than 250 microns, between approximately 4% and 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil, not more than 15% by weight of a reclaiming oil and not more than approximately 5% by weight of a butadienestyrene copolymer.
16. A railroad tie pad adapted to be positioned between a railroad tie and an overlying tie plate, comprising a plurality of cord plies with rubber between the cord plies and at the faces of the pad, said pad being of substantially uniform thickness throughout its entire area, said pad when unstressed being of arched conformation, and said pad being coated with a composition comprising between approximately 3% and by weight of rubber reclaim consisting of a copolymer of isobutylene and a small amount of a diolefin and having a molecular weight greater than 10,000, between approximately 1% and approximately by weight of asphalt having a softening point of approximately F., between approximately 1% and approximately 15 of microcrystalline wax having a melting point of approximately F. and a penetration (at 77 F.) between approximately 10 and 20, between approximately 10% and approximately 40% by weight of ground anthracite coal, and between approximately 4% and approximately 25% by weight of a rubber processing oil.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Smyers Dec. 19, 1950 2,578,001 Cubberley Dec. 11, 1951 2,698,269 Sussenbach Dec. 28, 1954 2,772,903 Sussenbach Dec, 4, 1956 2,858,988 Luther Nov. 4, 1958 2,880,127 Spokes Mar. 31, 1959 2,892,592 Green et a1. June 30, 1959 OTHER REFERENCES Warth: The Chemistry and Technology of Waxes, 2nd ed. (1956), Reinhold Publishing Corp., pgs. 430-432.

Claims (1)

11. A RAILROAD TIE PAD ADAPTED TO BE POSITIONED BETWEEN A RAILROAD TIE AND AN OVERLYING TIE PLATE, COMPRISING A SUPPORTING MEMBER COATED WITH A COMPOSITION COMPRISING BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 3% AND APPROXIMATELY 35% BY WEIGHT OF AN UNVULCANIZED RUBBERY MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING A POLYISOBUTYLENE AND A COPOLYMER OF ISOBUTYLENE AND SMALL AMOUNTS OF A DIOLEFIN, SAID MATERIAL HAVING A MOLECULAR WWEIGHT GREATER THAN 10, 000, BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 1% AND 70% BY WEIGHT OF ASPHALT HAVING A RING AND BALL SOFTENING POINT BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 125* F. AND 190* F. AND A SPECIFIC GRAVITY BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 1.01 AND 1.04 BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 1% AND APPROXIMATELY 15% BY WEIGHT OF MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX HAVING A MELTING POINT ABOVE APPROXIMATELY 170* F. AND A PENETRATION (AT 77* F.) BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 10 AND 20, BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 10% AND APPROXIMATELY 40% BY WEIGHT OF AN INERT, WATER-INSOLUBLE FILLER AND BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 4% AND APPROXIMATELY 25% BY WEIGHT OF A RUBBER PROCESSING OIL.
US773085A 1958-11-10 1958-11-10 Pads Expired - Lifetime US3081035A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US773085A US3081035A (en) 1958-11-10 1958-11-10 Pads
FR809547A FR1243979A (en) 1958-11-10 1959-11-06 Rubber compositions for railway sleeper bearings
CH8034459A CH400559A (en) 1958-11-10 1959-11-06 Rubber composition for load pads
DEM43347A DE1112289B (en) 1958-11-10 1959-11-10 Sticky, elastic compound as an intermediate layer to be inserted between a railway sleeper and a base plate

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US773085A US3081035A (en) 1958-11-10 1958-11-10 Pads

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3209702A (en) * 1962-07-23 1965-10-05 Wegematic Corp Railway systems, monobeam type
US4231908A (en) * 1979-02-23 1980-11-04 Koppers Company, Inc. Composition for use between polymeric tie plates and cross ties
US4773591A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-09-27 Sonneville International Corporation Elastic rail pad
US5238734A (en) * 1990-02-13 1993-08-24 Murray Kevin N Railroad ties made of recycled tire fragments
US20070200005A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Corbett Bradford G Jr Ozone and Chemical Resistant Coating for Railway Line Elastomeric Components
US20120187207A1 (en) * 2009-08-21 2012-07-26 Pandrol Limited Railway rail pad
US20130000226A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2013-01-03 Kikuo Sugita Tip-resistant pad for use with a heavy article and seismic isolation structure incorporating same
US10315391B1 (en) 2018-05-02 2019-06-11 Richard G. Halverson Producing bulk fabrication material from vehicle tires

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE386933B (en) * 1971-12-07 1976-08-23 Grace W R & Co FRONT FORMAT, SHEET-LIKE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

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US2534883A (en) * 1946-11-16 1950-12-19 Jasco Inc Modified rubber products
US2578001A (en) * 1949-05-21 1951-12-11 Patent & Licensing Corp Asphalt-base laminating adhesive
US2698269A (en) * 1949-07-15 1954-12-28 Presstite Engineering Company Compressible packing
US2772903A (en) * 1951-01-17 1956-12-04 American Marietta Co Sealing member
US2858988A (en) * 1955-04-13 1958-11-04 Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp Pad
US2880127A (en) * 1955-12-23 1959-03-31 American Brake Shoe Co Railway tie pads
US2892592A (en) * 1954-12-31 1959-06-30 Texaco Inc Railroad tie pads

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH22239A (en) * 1900-08-20 1901-12-31 Hoppe & Roehming Plate for building purposes

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2534883A (en) * 1946-11-16 1950-12-19 Jasco Inc Modified rubber products
US2578001A (en) * 1949-05-21 1951-12-11 Patent & Licensing Corp Asphalt-base laminating adhesive
US2698269A (en) * 1949-07-15 1954-12-28 Presstite Engineering Company Compressible packing
US2772903A (en) * 1951-01-17 1956-12-04 American Marietta Co Sealing member
US2892592A (en) * 1954-12-31 1959-06-30 Texaco Inc Railroad tie pads
US2858988A (en) * 1955-04-13 1958-11-04 Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp Pad
US2880127A (en) * 1955-12-23 1959-03-31 American Brake Shoe Co Railway tie pads

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3209702A (en) * 1962-07-23 1965-10-05 Wegematic Corp Railway systems, monobeam type
US4231908A (en) * 1979-02-23 1980-11-04 Koppers Company, Inc. Composition for use between polymeric tie plates and cross ties
US4773591A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-09-27 Sonneville International Corporation Elastic rail pad
US5238734A (en) * 1990-02-13 1993-08-24 Murray Kevin N Railroad ties made of recycled tire fragments
US20070200005A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Corbett Bradford G Jr Ozone and Chemical Resistant Coating for Railway Line Elastomeric Components
US20120187207A1 (en) * 2009-08-21 2012-07-26 Pandrol Limited Railway rail pad
US8905322B2 (en) * 2009-08-21 2014-12-09 Pandrol Limited Railway rail pad
US20130000226A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2013-01-03 Kikuo Sugita Tip-resistant pad for use with a heavy article and seismic isolation structure incorporating same
US10315391B1 (en) 2018-05-02 2019-06-11 Richard G. Halverson Producing bulk fabrication material from vehicle tires

Also Published As

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DE1112289B (en) 1961-08-03
FR1243979A (en) 1960-10-21
CH400559A (en) 1965-10-15

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