US3035321A - Demountable concrete form - Google Patents

Description

INVENTOR.

May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed March 16, 1953 May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed March 16, 1955 y 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG 3,035,321

DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM Original Filed March 16, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. M0702 0 #E/VAUG' A TTOEA/E v5 May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM Original Filed March 16, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN V EN TOR. V/CTOE 5 Q A/EA/N/- May 22, 1962 v. E. o. HENNIG DEMOUNTABLE CONCRETE FORM 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed March 16, 1955 ,4 frog/v.56

nited States The concrete form of the present invention is of the demountable type composed of parts which can be used over again .at least a considerable number of times, and some parts of which can be used indefinitely. This application is a division of my application Serial No. 342,473, filed March 16, 1953, now Patent Number 2,859,503.

Conventional concrete forms involve much carpentry, requiring at least semi-skilled labor. The construction of the forms is a tedious process and stripping of the forms from the completed wall requires considerable time. Where lumber is used in constructing the forms, usually dimension lumber and shiplap, it is expensive to use again either for form work or for other purposes because it must be cleaned, and the nails pulled from it. Plywood has also been used for forms, which is more convenient to use again, but the supporting pieces of dimension lumber still must be reclaimed and nails pulled from the plywood, limiting the types of purpose for which the lumber can be reused.

It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a type of concrete form work utilizing frame members of a permanent type for supporting plywood panels specially prepared for use with such frame members. These plywood panels can be supported by the frame members without requiring to be nailed in place, and consequently they are not damaged by having nails driven through them, nor is it necessary to spend time pulling nails from the panels.

In assembling the permanent frame members to support the plywood form panels it is an object to provide connections between the frame members themselves, between such members and the panels, and between such members and other parts of the form work as to minimize the skill and amount of labor required to assemble the frame members and panels, and to minimize the connections between such members, the members and the panels, and the members and other form parts consistent with adequate strength and stiffness. At the same time routine assembly of the frame members will result in a form which is straight and true because of the type of structure used.

A further object is to provide permanent frame mem bers which, while strong, are of light weight and of simple and economical construction. Nevertheless, such frame members are extremely versatile, being usable conveniently for forms required for walls of different thickness, of different height, having footings of different width, or placed in different positions on the footing, or which may be tapered from bottom to top, or inclined instead of being precisely vertical. Such form members can be constructed to be folded easily for storage purposes, or to occupy minimum space when being transported from one job to another.

Not only can the frame members be used to make accurate forms with semi-skilled or unskilled labor, but after a workman has assembled the form members a few times, he will be able to put them together very quickly and with a minimum of effort, saving much time as well as material over that required for building conventional forms. By reversing the procedure after the concrete work has been poured the frame members and plywood panels may also be demounted far more quickly than conventional nailed forms can be stripped.

atnt

The design of the forms in accordance with this invention utilizes standard structural members for the most part for the sake of economy, yet these are combined in a novel and effective manner to accomplish the objects recited above. Moreover, the elements may be utilized in the construction of certain special form shapes as well as for the simplest type of concrete walls involving walls of uniform thickness extending over a height of one story.

In the fabrication of forms utilizing the present invention the footing forms may be conventional, being constructed of stringers on edge suitably anchored relative to the ground, such as by stakes driven into the ground and secured together by cleats or battens interconnecting and nailed to their upper edges. On these cleats and extending lengthwise of the stringers are two alignment strips disposed in parallel relationship and spaced apart edgewise a distance equal to the thickness of the wall and the form panels. Fabricated uprights are stood at predetermined intervals along such alignment strips and secured relative to them. Such uprights are formed of conventional structural shapes such as a pair of structural angles, or of parallel wood pieces. These uprights have feet and head assemblies at opposite ends which may be of a type to fold relative to the upright for storage and during transportation, and may be secured at various angle positions relative to the body of the upright for use in constructing forms for sloping faced walls. Moreover, such uprights are preferably adjustable in length for use in constructing forms for walls of different heights. Panels braced by the uprights, and the uprights themselves, may be secured in place by form ties. Walers both for straight wall bracing and for supporting buttress forms may be secured readily to such uprights. I The details of the above-mentioned elements of the novel form structure shown in the accompanying drawings are discussed more fully in the following specific description.

FIGURE 1 is a plan view with parts broken away of a portion of a footing form with the alignment strips in place.

FIGURE 2 is a plan View of a portion of a wall form, parts being broken away. FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view through a corner detail of the form shown in FIGURE 2, and FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view through another corner detail of the form shown in FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a top perspective view of a section of concrete wall form with parts broken away. FIGURE 6 is a top perspective view of a fragmentary portion of such wall form in which parts are broken away.

FIGURE 7 is a top perspective View of an end portion of an upright, showing the uprights foot in operative position, parts of it being broken away. FIGURE 8 is a top perspective view of substantially the same portion of the upright, but showing the uprights foot folded for transportation or storage of the upright.

FIGURE 9 is a transverse vertical sectional view through a form for a vertical wall centered on its footing shown somewhat diagrammatically. FIGURE 10 is a similar view showing the wall form offset from the center of the footing form. FIGURE 11 is a similar view of a wall form centered on the footing form with one form side having batter. FIGURE 12 is a similar view of a wall form centered on the footing form, in which the wall form is inclined.

FIGURE 13 is a vertical sectional view through a fragmentary portion of the form shown in FIGURE 5 and through a cross-tie tensioning block.

FIGURE 14 is a vertical sectional view through the upper portion of a form and poured concrete wall incorporating a corbel ledge. FIGURE 15 is a similar 3 view showing a form and concrete wall section superimposed on the form and wall section of FIGURE 14.

FIGURE 16 is a top perspective view of a fragmentary portion of the form bottom and footing incorporating a buttress form.

FIGURE 17 is a vertical sectional view through a form utilizing another embodiment of my invention, taken on line 1717 of FIGURE 18, and FIGURE 18 is a horizontal section through a portion of the form taken on line 18-18 of FIGURE 17.

The form structure to which this invention pertains incorporates three major components, namely the panels, preferably of plywood, against which the concrete is poured, the uprights which brace the panels, and alignment strips interconnecting the lower ends of the uprights and the upper ends of the uprights to hold such uprights in vertical position and to maintain the uprights in a row in proper alignment. The uprights and the alignment strips may be used repeatedly almost indefinitely, and the plywood panels may be reused a number of times. While it would be possible to utilize reusable elements for the Wall footing forms, such forms constitute such a minor part of the entire Wall form and consequently utilize such a small part of the lumber and labor usually required that little economy, either in the conservation of labor or of materials, would result from fabricating the footing forms of reusable elements.

In FIGURE 1 a typical footing form is shown in plan and upright portions of such form appear in FIGURE 5. Stringers 1 of a width corresponding to the depth of footing desired are placed on edge in parallel relationship spaced apart a distance equal to the desired width of the footing. These stringers are usually set in the bottom of a pit or trench because it is ordinarily desired to have the footing placed below the surface of the ground. The

lower edges of these stringers should rest evenly on the ground because they support the entire wall form and must be level if the completed form is to be straight and true. The spacing between these stringers is established and maintained by cross cleats or battens 10, bridging between the upper edges of the stringers and nailed to them. Filler strips 11, equal in thickness to the thickness of the battens 10, may be nailed to the upper edges of the stringers 1, extending parallel to them and located be tween the cleats 10 if desired, but usually little concrete would leak through the space which would be left, even if these filler strips were omitted.

Resting on the battens 10 are the lower edges of the form panels 2. While these panels may be metal or plastic sheets, it is preferred that they be of plywood /8 or of an inch in thickness. A better wall finish is obtained, and these panels can be used a greater number of times if these panels are surfaced with a plastic finish which will deter moisture absorption. Such plywood panels usually are four feet in width, and consequently it t is convenient to space apart the uprights 20 in two-foot increments, so that such an upright will span the joint between adjacent panels, and the central portion of the panel in each instance will be supported by another upright.

Before the panels 2 are actually set in place, the footing form is precisely straightened by sheet metal alignment strips 12 extending lengthwise along opposite sides of it. These strips preferably include narrow flanges 13 projecting upwardly from the edges of the strips nearer to the center of the form against which the lower edges of the form panels 2 may abut. These flanges are spaced apart a distance equal to the thickness of the wall plus the thickness of the two panel form sides. A-t spaced locations along these strips are groups of holes located corresponding to the positions of the battens and of the uprights 2. The holes in each group are arranged in three rows extending transversely of the length of the alignment strips, preferably the holes in the rows are aligned transversely of the rows, and also preferably the i holes along the rows are spaced apart increments of one inch. These alignment strips are secured to the battens 10 by staples 15, having their legs received in adjacent holes of the center row in each instance.

The alignment strips 12 may be of any convenient length, but will be of substantial length such as eight, twelve, or sixteen feet, andend joints between them will have substantial overlap to insure that not only the footing forms within the length of a pair of alignment strips, but also the forms throughout the length of any number of alignment strips will be in precise alignment. The overlapping of the alignment strips themselves is immaterial because such strips are quite thin, not exceeding onesixteenth of an inch in thickness. When the footing forms have been completed, as shown in FIGURE 1, therefore, the superstructure may be set in place. The staples 15 serve as centering guides for the uprights 20, constructed as shown in FIGURES 7 and 8. These uprights have bodies composed of angle members arranged with adjacent flanges in parallel, spaced-apart relationship, and the other flanges in coplanar, oppositely extending relationship to form a structure of generally T-shaped section. It is preferred that the bodies of the uprights be adjustable in effective length, and consequently the bodies may incorporate an additional pair of angle members 22 arranged in lengthwise overlapping relationship with the angle members 21. The angle members of these two pairs are apertured to receive connecting bolts 23 at spaced locations which will secure the pairs of angles together with portions of varying length overlapping, depending upon the over-all length of upright required for the particular job.

At opposite ends of the upright are a foot 24 and a head pivoted to the upright ends, and also of T-shaped cross section. The foot and head members preferably are identical so that the uprights may be reversed endfor-end. Each foot is secured in the operative position shown in FIGURE 7 by a brace member 26, and the head member is similarly supported by a brace member 27. The foot and head members may be bent into the desired cross-sectional shape by folding a metal sheet double, and then bending its edge portions into coplanar relationship forming flanges projecting oppositely away from each other, and in a plane perpendicular to the central rib. The central folded portions forming the central rib should be spaced apart far enough to leave a deep groove, which will receive the alignment plate anchoring staples 15 for the purpose of locating the uprights preliminarily. Such central rib will be received between the spaced members 22 of the upright. The oppositely extending flanges of the foot and head members have rows of apertures 28, which rows are spaced apart corresponding to the outer rows of the hole groups 14 in the alignment strips 12. Also, the spacing of the holes along the rows 28 will correspond to the spacing of the holes along the outer rows of such groups. Moreover, such spacing will be arranged so that when holes of the rows 28 are in registry with holes of the outer rows of groups 14 the faces of the aligned flanges of uprights 20 will be coplanar with the flanges 13 of the alignment strips 12.

Further rows of registering holes 29 are provided in the body angles 21 of the uprights if the angular relationship between the food and the body or the head and the body of the upright is to be adjustable. By shifting the anchor bolt for the body end of the brace member 26 into various pairs of holes 29, each consisting of holes aligned in the two angles 21, the angular relationship between the foot 24 and the upright body may be shifted from the right-angle relationship shown in FIGURE 7 to an acute angle relationship or to an obtuse angle relationship. For a vertical wall the head and the foot will both be perpendicular to the upright body, as shown in FIGURES 9 and 10. If one wall of the form is to have batter, as shown in FIGURE 11, the foot member 24 will be adjusted to an obtuse angle relative to the upright body,

and the head will be adjusted to an acute angle relation ship to the upright body. The change in these angles from a right angle, one an increase and the other a decrease, will be equal, so that the head and the foot will still be parallel. If the entire wall is to be inclined, the foot of one upright will be disposed at an obtuse angle to the body of such upright, and the foot of the other upright will make an acute angle relative to the body of such upright. Again, the angular relationships between the heads and the bodies will be opposite, but the adjustments will be supplemental so that the angle of the head with the body plus the angle of the foot with the body in each instance will be 180. The holes 29 should be located sufliciently close together to enable reasonably small changes in angle between the body and the head and foot members to be made.

For storage and transportation purposes it is desirable for the angle brace members 26 to be disconnectible so that such members and the feet may be folded into position alongside the body of each upright. The head brace members 27 and head members 25 should be similarly foldable. To facilitate such manipulation the brace members 26 and 27 may be made of sheet metal folded to provide sides disposed in face-to-face relationship and spaced apart far enough to fit over the central folded portion of the head or foot member as the case may be, but spaced closely enough to fit between the angle members 22 of the body. To fold the uprights, then, the bolted connections between the head and the foot and their respective brace members are unfastened, and the head or foot is swung from the position of FIG URE 7 to that of FIGURE 8 in the direction of the arrow in FIGURE 7, and the brace member in each instance is swung in the direction of the arrow shown in FIGURE 7 from its position of that figure to the position of FIG- URE 8. For ease of handling, while being of adequate strength, it is preferred that all the elements of the uprights except the bolts be of aluminum alloy material.

After being adjusted in length as may be desired a d with the feet and heads braced at the desired angles to the bodies, the uprights are ready for mounting on the footing form structure shown in FIGURE 1. A row of these uprights is first installed along one side of the footing form, and their upper ends are interconnected by upper alignment strips 3, which are the same as the lower alignment strips 12. The outer rows of the hole groups 14 are aligned with the rows of holes in the upright heads 25, and double-headed nails 3! are inserted through registering holes to effect such interconnection. Double-headed nails 16 are also driven through holes in the foot of each upright and into strips 11, and perhaps stringers 1, to anchor the feet of the uprights against movement in any horizontal direction and twisting. The row of uprights will thus be supported in reasonably stable fashion.

If the wall is unusually high or thick, additional bracing of the uprights may be desirable. This may be effected by inteiposing angle member spacers 31, particularly at the bottom, and, if desired, also at the top of the wall. The ends of these horizontal spacer members may be secured to the uprights by the bolts interconnecting the bodies and foot braces of the uprights, or they may be secured to the bolts 23 interconnecting the body angles 21 and 22 of the uprights. Additional horizontal bracing may be afforded by walers 32, also preferably of angle shape, which may extend along the central portion of the form and span a considerable number of the uprights. Such walers may be supported by form ties, as will be explained hereinafter.

When one row of uprights has been placed and interconnected asdescribed, the form wall panels 2 for the corresponding side may be stood edgewise on the battens abutting the uprights. Assuming that each of the form Wall panels is four feet wide and the uprights are spaced apart two feet, the opposite edges of the panels will have in them semi-circular notches 4 which in the central portion of the panel may be spaced apart approximately twenty-four inches with the top and bottom notches about six inches from the upper and lower edges, assuming that the panels are eight feet long. At corresponding locations along the center of each panel are holes 40. When the panels are set on the battens 10 in edge-abutting relationship, the notches 4 in adjacent edges of adjacent panels will match to form complete holes corresponding to holes 40. The panels will be located so that the notches 4 and the holes 40 are in registry with the spaces between the body channels of the uprights, as shown in FIGURES 5 and 6.

As each panel is set in place it is anchored to an upright by form ties 41, each having a flattened portion 42 near one end and a head 43 upset on such form tie end smaller than a hole in a form wall panel, through which hole such head is passed. Between the flattened portion and the head is disposed a washer 44 for engagement with the inner side of the panel 2 around the hole 40, as shown in FIGURE 13. An expansible tensioning block engaged with the tie wire head 43 will draw the washer 44 into firm engagement with the form wall panel.

The tensioning block, shown particularly in FIGURE 13, includes a bent sheet metal body 45 of generally channel shape, including a web of a width greater than the spacing between the body angles 22 of an upright shown in FIGURE 13, and having lugs 46 at opposite ends of the Web bent from its plane in the direction opposite that in which the body flanges project. Between the flanges of the body is received a hinged tie Wire engaging channel member 47, the flanges of which fit between the flanges of the body 45. A pivot pin swingably interconnects the body member and the tie-engaging member, and the head 43 of the tie is passed through the larger portion of the keyhole slot in the tie-engaging member and a similar slot in the web of body 45, and the tensioning block is then slid downward to engage the tie in the narrow portion of such slot.

The width of the flanges of tie-engaging member 47 preferably is considerably less than the width of the flanges of body 45. Also, the flanges of tie-engaging member 47 may taper from the location of the pivot toward the swinging end of such member. A double-headed nail may be inserted through registering holes in the opposite flanges of the body 45 close to the swinging member flanges, so that such flanges will engage the nail designated as 52 in FIGURE 13. Such nail serves the double purpose of retaining the member 47 swung away from body 45 in tie-tensioning position and prevents the tie dropping sufficiently to enable its head to move through the larger portion of the keyhole slot, thus locking the tie and the tensioning block together.

Where a waler 32 as shown in FIGURE 5 is employed, it can be anchored in place by the form ties extending through the holes and notches of the form panels midway between top and bottom of the form. This waler will have in it holes 32 of a size to receive through them the heads 43 of form ties 41, as shown in FIGURE 13. The waler will first be hung on tie ends inserted through such holes. Tensioning blocks may then be engaged with the projecting tie ends and tensioned.

It will be evident that by following the procedure described all the panels 2 and the uprights constituting one side of a Wall form may be. assembled with the form ties 41 in place before any components of the other form wall are set up. The next step, then, will be to set the panels 2 for the other form wall in place. The holes 40 and notches 4 of these panels will be fitted over the heads on unanchored ends of the form ties, and the panels moved toward the form wall already set up until the panels engage the tie Washers 44 and they in turn engage the flattened portions 42 adjacent to the free ends of the ties. Next the uprights will be placed in position standing on the alignment strips 12, and the tensioning blocks may be fitted loosely on the tie ends in engagement with the bodies of the uprights.

When the panels and uprights for the second form walls have thus been loosely assembled, the feet of the uprights may be secured in place in the same manner as shown in FIGURE by double-headed nails 16, and the upper alignment strips 3 may be placed on the head of the second row of uprights and secured in place by doubleheaded nails 16. If longitudinal stiffening members 31 are used, they will now be inserted along the second wall of the form, and a waler 32 may be hung on the ties along the central portion of the second wall. Next the tensioning blocks will be expanded to tighten the form ties, and such operation will complete the erection of the wall form for a single story wall.

Concrete will be poured into such a form in the usual way and allowed to set. To remove the forms after the concrete has set, the tie-engaging member of each tensioning block is pried outward enough to enable nail 52 to be withdrawn for collapsing the block. These tensioning blocks are then removed, and the upper alignment plates 3 lifted off the heads of the uprights. The walers and spacers 31 are next taken off, enabling the individual uprights to be removed by pulling doubleheaded nails 16 and sliding the uprights off the ends of the form ties. As soon as the uprights are removed, the lower alignment strips 12 may be unfastened and taken off. The panels 2 are thus freed to be slipped off over the tie wire ends because holes 40 are larger than their heads 43. The footing forms may or may not be removed, as desired, and the ends of the form ties 41 which were anchored in the forms may be broken off slightly behind the outer surface of the wall at the flattened portions 42.

As thus far described, the concrete forms would be used for straight walls, Whether vertical, inclined or tapered. Usually corners will be required in concrete wall forms, and the form structure for this purpose is shown in FIG- URES l to 4, inclusive. The alignment strips 12 may be arranged in overlapping relationship at the exterior of the corner, as shown at the upper left of FIGURE 1, but at the interior of the corner the alignment strips will be cut off so that their ends will not project into the wall. Also the flange 13 on one of the outer alignment strips will be cut off to enable the faces of the main portions of such strips to contact. The battens can be located so that one panel 2 will be arranged with its edge abutting the face of the outer form wall panel perpendicular to it. Such perpendicular wall panel, as shown at the upper left of FIGURE 2, should project outwardly beyond the abutting edge of the other wall panel, so that a connecting angle member 33 may be fastened by bolts or other means to the adjacent panel edges, as shown. A detail of this angle connection is shown in FIGURE 3. The extent of projection of one panel edge beyond the abutting edge of the other panel will establish the desired location for the other cleats It) so that the holes 49 and notches 4 of the outer wall panels will be aligned with them.

Having set up the outer wall of the form, the panels 2 for the inner form wall at the corner may be cut to the appropriate width for aligning the holes in such inner panels with the holes in the outer panels. The first of the inner panels to be placed will have its end extended to a position substantially flush with the position for the inner face of the other inner form Wall. A Z-bar strip 34 will then be nailed to theedge of this panel, as shown in FIGURE 4, and the abutting edge of the other inner wall panel may then be engaged in a corner of the Z-bar to hold it against movement by inward pressure created by the concrete poured between the form walls.

If it should be desired to pour the wall for a second story, one or more tiers of similar forms may be superimposed upon the forms described above, and after the wall has been poured and set in the first two tiers of forms, the lower tier of forms may be removed, and, if desired, superimposed upon the second tier of forms for use in constructing a still higher wall. By following this procedure two sets of forms may be shifted alternately upward to construct a wall of any desired height.

Form elements of the general type described may be utilized in constructing a eorbel ledge, as illustrated in FIGURES l4 and 15. To construct such a wall structure, the uprights 26 on the outer side of the wall will be adjusted longer than the uprights for the inner form wall by an amount equal to the thickness of the eorbel ledge C desired, plus the thickness of a cap strip 35 overlying the upper alignment strip 3. This cap strip will preferably be of dimension lumber and will be wide enough to form a eorbel ledge of the desired width plus providing a footing for the side form board 36 of the eorbel ledge. Battens 37 nailed to the upper edge of the side board 36 and to the alignment strip 3 at the opposite side of the form will hold the form board 36 upright during pouring. Also, a board 38, such as a two-by-four, may be placed in the concrete according to conventional practice to form a key groove for receiving concrete from the next pour above, or to be left in place to constitute a nailing strip to which floor joists, for example, may be nailed.

If a further wall is to be poured above the eorbel ledge, the battens 37 will be removed after the concrete in the lower wall has set, and the strip 38 will be lifted out of its groove. Top form boards 39 and 39' will then be placed on top of the eorbel and on the alignment strip 3 at the opposite side of the wall, and on these boards will be erected the forms for the next higher wall section in accordance with the technique described above. It will be evident that the eorbel ledge may be formed at each floor level, if desired, to serve as a bearing for floor joists.

With slight modification, forms of the type described above may be used in making concrete walls having buttresses. For such walls the form for the planar wall will have inserted between two regular form wall panels a special narrow panel 6 which will be two feet in width. It will have two rows of apertures near its center to receive special long form ties 41. For anchoring the ends of these form ties at the side of the wall form opposite the buttress, an angle or channel stiffening member 60 may extend horizontally between the uprights 20 adjacent to opposite edges of the panel 6.

At the buttress side of this wall form a buttress form box will be provided, including panel 61 spaced outward from the panels 2 forming the major portion of this form side, boards 62 perpendicular to panel 61, and narrow boards 63 between boards 62 and the adjacent form panels 2. The width of board 63 plus the width of panel 61 should equal two feet, and the width of panel 61 will, of course, be selected in accordance with the desired width of the buttress. The width of boards 62 will correspond to the distance the buttress projects, and preferably the amount of buttress projection should be the same in all instances although the width of buttresses may differ if necessary. By selecting boards 62 of standard width the outer panel 61 of the buttress form can be secured in place by a U-shaped retaining bar 64 having its opposite ends anchored by bolts to adjacent uprights 20. The tensioning blocks for the form ties 41' may then bear on this anchoring member, which will be apertured to receive the heads 43 of the ties.

For such a buttress the footing also should be enlarged by provision of an ofiset box portion 17, and this footing box portion will be covered by a U-shaped plate 18 having a flange 19 like the alignment strips 12. This flange will fit the flange 13 of the alignment strips and interconnect the adjacent ends of adjacent alignment strips. If walers are employed, they will be interrupted at the uprights adjacent to the buttress form, but the necessary stiffness to the form will be provided at the buttress location by using as many U-shaped buttress retaining bars 64 as may be necessary.

While the concrete form described above has for the most part utilized framework components of metal, it is entirely possible to incorporate the principles of my invention in a concrete form employing nearly all wood parts, as shown in FIGURES 17 and 18. In this instance the portion of the form for the footing including the stringers 1 and the cross-cleats or battens with the filler strips 11 between them is the same as described previously. The uprights, however, are fabricated from boards 7 disposed in parallel planes spaced apart slightly and secured together by bolts 70. The foot for each of these uprights is formed from two angle members 71 having corresponding flanges extending oppositely'in a plane perpendicular to the planes of boards 7, and their other corresponding flanges in face-to-face engagement with the outer sides of boards 7, respectively, adjacent to one end of them. The boards are held in such spaced relationship by a spacer member 72 disposed between the parallel flanges of angle members 71 and secured by bolts 70 and by additional spacer elements located at intervals along the length of boards 7 and at the opposite ends of such boards.

At the other ends of the boards 7 head angle members 73 are arranged at opposite sides of each pair of boards forming an upright, and these angles likewise are disposed with corresponding flanges extending oppositely and disposed in a plane perpendicular to the planes of the boards 7. Like the angles forming the foot of the upright, the other flanges of these head angles are secured in face-toface contact with the outer surfaces of the boards 7 by bolts 70. Preferably two such bolts are used to prevent tilting of the angles, although only a single such bolt may-be used at other locations along these boards.

The uprights composed of the boards 7, angles 71 and 73, spacers 72 and bolts 70, preferably are symmetrical so that they may be used either end up. In most applications uprights of such construction may be substituted directly for the metal structure uprights described above. The board 7 for most form work may be one-inch lumher four inches wide, although if greater strength is desired wider boards may be used. Such uprights may be designed with angularly adjustable heads and feet to enable them to be used in forms where batter is required, but for such applications metal uprights are preferable.

In FIGURES l7 and 18 the essentially wooden uprights are shown used in forms composed entirely of wood except for the form ties 41, the tensioning blocks 45, the head and foot angles of the uprights, bolts 70 and nails. In this structure instead of using metal aligning strips on the footing form boards 74 are used, which may be suitably nailed to the stringers 1 and battens 10. When these alignment strips have been thus properly located, the wooden uprights may be secured to such boards in appropriate locations both transversely and lengthwise of the boards by double-headed nails 75, driven through holes in the flanges of foot angles 71 extending transversely of the upright boards 7.

The spacing of the uprights lengthwise of aligning strips 74, as shown in FIGURE 18, will be similar to the spacing discussed in connection with the metal uprights. Conveniently such spacing may be every two feet, so that the panels 6 constituting the form walls, which preferably are four feet in width, may be disposed with their edge joints in registry with the space between boards 7 of uprights, as shown in the lower portion of FIGURE 18. The cross ties 41 will be inserted through holes in the panels erected first along one side of the form and tensioning blocks will be engaged with the ends of such ties inserted between the boards of the uprights so that the tensioning blocks will bear against the outer edges of the uprights, as shown in FIGURE 18. As previously described, the panels for the other side of the form are then put in position with holes in them engaged over the free ends of the cross ties, and the uprights for this second form wall are then secured in place and the other ends of the cross ties anchored to them by the tensioning blocks 45.

When the form panels and uprights have been assembled in this manner, the upper edges of the forms will also be aligned in a manner similar to that already described, but in this instance the upper aligning strips 76' may also be boards secured in place by double-headed nails 77 driven through holes in the flanges of the head angles extending transversely of the upright boards. The form Will then be ready to receive concrete.

It will be appreciated that the general technique of form assembly utilizing components principally of wood is very similar to that described in connection with the form structure utilizing metal aligning strips and uprights. Where wood components are used, therefore, the width of the footing may be varied as desired, the position of the aligning strips relative to the footing and consequently the position of the wall relative to the footing may be shifted, the form walls may be located in order to enable a wall of desired thickness to be poured, and, if desired, the form walls or a wall may be inclined for the purpose of sloping the wall or giving batter to it. All such variations will follow the precedure for such ramifications discussed in constructing forms using metal components.

An advantage to the provision of the alignment strips 76 or 3 supported on the upper ends of the uprights 7 or 20 is that such alignment strips are sufliciently firmly supported by the uprights to carry the weight of a person standing on top of the form for the purpose of rodding the concrete in the form to eliminate air pockets from it.

I claim as my invention:

1. A demountable concrete form comprising two upright, generally parallel form walls spaced apart, each of said walls including panels of wood material of greater height than width having upright edges disposed in edgeabutting, junction-forming relationship, and the panel junctions in the two walls being in registry transversely of said walls, several uprights disposed at the side of each wall opposite the other wall with each upright spanning an upright junction of abutting upright edges of two of said panels, said uprights respectively abutting in contiguous backing engagement face portions of said junction-forming panels adjacent to such junctions but detached from said panel, said abutting upright panel edges being complementally notched in registry with the uprights spanning the junctions formed by such abutting upright panel edges, respectively, and said uprights having apertures therethrough in registry with such complemental panel notches, ties extending between said opposite form walls, passing through said panel notches and the apertures of said uprights respectively in registry therewith, interconnecting said uprights at opposite sides of the form and engaging the inner sides of said wall panels for holding said panels in such backing engagement with said uprights, means aligning the lower edges of said panels in coplanar relationship in said respective spaced form walls, each of said panels being of a height to extend continuously from adjacent to the bottoms of said uprights engaged therewith to a location above the upper ends of such uprights, and two upper aligning strips respectively having surfaces disposed coplanar with the panel-abutting portions of said upright and in contiguous backing engagement with the upper portions of the back surfaces of the panels of said Walls, said aligning strips extending across such junctions of such panels for aligning the upper edges of the panels in said respective form walls in coplanar relationship, and said aligning strips respectively overlying, being supported on, and interconnecting the upper ends of several of the uprights abutting the panels of their corresponding walls.

2. The demountable concrete form defined in claim 1, and additional uprights between adjacent ones of the several uprights and between opposite upright edges of panels of the walls, disposed in contiguous backing engagement with such panels of the walls, such panels having apertures therethrough in registry with said additional uprights and said additional uprights having apertures in registry with the panel apertures, and means engaged between the heads of the ties and the uprights for connecting the ties to uprights at opposite sides of the form.

3. A demountable concrete form comprising two upright, generally parallel form walls spaced apart, each of said walls including panels of wood material of greater height than width having upright edges disposed in edgeabutting, junction-forming relationship, and the panel junctions in the two walls being in registry transversely of said walls, uprights each including two parallel elongated members and means spaced lengthwise of said elongated members and securing them together in spaced relationship leaving slots between said securing means, several of said uprights being disposed at the side of each wall opposite the other wall with each upright spanning an upright junction of abutting upright edges of two of said panels, the elongated members of said uprights respectively abutting in contiguous backing engagement face portions of said junction-forming panels adjacent to such junctions but detached from said panels, said abutting upright panel edges being complementary notched in registry with the slots between the spaced elongated members of the uprights spanning the junctions formed by such abutting upright panel edges, respectively, ties extending between said opposite form walls, passing through said panel notches and the slots between said elongated members of said uprights respectively in registry therewith, interconnecting said uprights at opposite sides of the form and engaging the inner sides of said wall panels for holding said panels in such backing engagement with said uprights, means aligning the lower edges of said panels in coplanar relationship in said respective spaced form walls, each of said panels being of a height to extend continuously from adjacent to the bottoms of said uprights engaged therewith to a location above the upper ends of such uprights, and two upper aligning strips respectively having surfaces disposed coplanar with the panel-abutting portions of said upright and in contiguous backing engagement with the upper portions of the back surface of the panels of said walls, said aligning strips extending across such junctions of such panels for aligning the upper edges of the panels in said respective form walls in coplanar relationship, and said aligning strips respectively overlying, being supported on, and interconnecting the upper ends of several of the uprights abutting the panels of their corresponding walls.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 986,565 Hedrich Mar. 14, 1911 1,525,217 Zollinger Feb. 3, 1925 1,597,675 Dunseath Aug. 31, 1926 1,747,063 Sullivan Feb. 11, 1930 1,795,338 Knipe Mar. 10, 1931 1,970,547 Anderson Aug. 21, 1934 2,020,912 Schenk Nov. 12, 1935 2,261,575 Ulrich Nov. 4, 1941 2,298,837 Oswald Oct. 13, 1942 2,312,983 Summers Mar. 2, 1943 2,387,445 Herring Oct. 23, 1945 2,595,123 Callan Apr. 29, 1952 2,614,311 Shook Oct. 21, 1952 2,632,228 Huntington Mar. 24, 1953 2,713,711 Eandi July 26, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 93,184 Switzerland May 1, 1922 UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Pa tent No, 3,035,321 May 22, 1962 Victor E, 0, Hennig corrected below.

Column 12, lines 19 to 37, strike out the list of references cited and insert the following list:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 955,304 Babel Apr, 19, 1910 986,565 Hedr'ich Mar. 14, 1911 1, 171 734 McArthur Feb 15, 1916 1 ,525,217 Z011inger Feb, 3, 1925 1,597,675 Dunseath Aug, 31 1926 1 747,063 Sullivan Feb, 11, 1930 1 795,338 Knipe Mar, 10, 1931 1 ,970,547 Anderson Aug, 21 1934 2,020,912 Schenk Nov, 12, 1935 2,099,077 Pessagno et a1 Nov. 16, 1937 2, 107,427 Schwarzler Feb, 8, 1 /55 2, 236,616 B0sc0- Apr, 1 1941 2,261,575 Ulric Nov, 4 1941 2, 298,837 Oswald Oct, 13, 1942 2,312,983 Summers Mar. 2, 1943 2,352, 783 Geer --July 4, 1944 2,387,445 Herring Oct, 23, 1945 2,442,292 Harc-------------- May 25, 1948 2,535, 277 Fame Dec 26, 195' 2,595, 123 Callan Apr, 29, 1952 2,614,311 Shook------------- Oct, 21, 1952 2,632,228 Huntingt0n----- Mar. 24, 1953 2,713,711 Eandi-----------------Ju1y 26, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 93, 184 Swi tzer1and--'--- May 1 1922 727,391 Germany July 9, 1942 Signed and sealed thi 16th day of April 1963.

(SEAL) Attest;

ERNESi W. SNIUER DAVID L LAUU Attesting Officer Commissioner of PaLenLs

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