US3031285A - Flash arrester for gas conduits - Google Patents

Flash arrester for gas conduits Download PDF

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Publication number
US3031285A
US3031285A US764718A US76471858A US3031285A US 3031285 A US3031285 A US 3031285A US 764718 A US764718 A US 764718A US 76471858 A US76471858 A US 76471858A US 3031285 A US3031285 A US 3031285A
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Prior art keywords
porous body
chamber
flange
flash arrester
sealing
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US764718A
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Hedberg Oscar Emanuel
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Svenska AB Gasaccumulator
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Svenska AB Gasaccumulator
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave
    • A62C4/02—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave in gas-pipes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624—Destructible or deformable element controlled

Definitions

  • a flash arrester with a passage for a gas stream including asolid, porous body is'characterized according to the invention in that the solid, porousbody is suspended between a pair of valve apertures for admitting the gas stream tothe said passage and allowing it to escape therefrom, thesolid, porous body carrying opposite the valve apertures at a short distance therefrom gas-tight sealing members and the suspension members for the solid porous body allowing when subject to explosive. pressure a displacement during deformation of the suspension member of the solid porous body until one sealing member closes
  • the suspension'member as well as the gas-tight sealing members are preferably of soft metal, such as lead.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a flash arrester according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show different views of a solid, porous body forming part of the arrester.
  • FIG. 4 shows partially in axial section a part of the flash arrester in a modified construction.
  • the flash arrester comprises a solid, porous body 1 of fire-resistant material such as so called ceramic filter.
  • a very suitable substance for the porous body is the sort utilized for abrasive disks, but other natural or artificial granular stone substances, which have been brought into a solid porous form by one means or the other, can also be used. Fine metal granules may also be used instead of sand particles, probably without additional advantage.
  • a suitable value for the porosity of the porous body 1 is one resulting in a pressure drop of 25 mm. Hg at a gas flow of about 800 litres per minute.
  • the body 1 is cylindrical and onto its cylindrical outer face there is cast a lead armour 2, which, besides forming a shell surrounding the body 1, is formed with a circumferential flange 3. Centrally in the body 1 there is a boring 4 filled with a lead casting forming a pairof terminal sealing members 5, 6. These are cast in massive form and do not let through the gas.
  • the body 1 with its armour 2, 3 is placed in the two halves 7 and 8 of a valve housing so that the flange 3 is held by axial pressure between shoulders on the two halves 7, 8, the arrangement being such that the terminal faces of the body 1 are spaced a short distance away from each bottom 9 and 10 in the passage formed in the valve housing halves at the same time as the terminal sealing members 5, 6 are placed a short distance away from the valve apertures 11, 12 in each bottom 9, 10, as clearly shown by FIG. 1.
  • These valve apertures 11, 12 are each surrounded on the side thereof facing the sealing members 5, 6 by a sharp annular projection or ridge 13 or 14, respectively, and are joined on the other side to fittings 15 and 16 for attachment to pipes.
  • an aluminium ring17 serving the same purpose.
  • the flash'arrester'just described is adapted to -,be inserted for instance into a high-pressure acetylene line.
  • arrester thenallows the acetylene to flow through it with little ;flow resistance in the porous body 1. Since the flange 3' is held by pressure, a blockage or tightening is obtained here against the valve housing on the outside of the armour 2 and it is not necessary for the armour proper to tighten against the-valve housing halves-but'a sliding fit maybe provided here.
  • the flange 3 is strong enough-towithstandeasily without deformation the great- .est pressureloads on the body 1 caused by pressure fluctuations in thegas occurring in normal operation.
  • the flange 3 should preferably be able to retain the'bo'dy 1 without displacement even at or immediately below twice this pressure.
  • a pressure wave for instance of 800 to 1000 atmospheres overpressure
  • a deformation of the flange 3 at its attachment to the armour 2 takes place and the body 1 is pressed with its sealing member 6 against the annular ridge 14 and closes the valve aperture 12.
  • the porous body 1 absorbs the explosion or, in other words, causes the acetylene dissociation to stop.
  • the body 1 is: then heated and if thegas were allowed to continue to flow a renewed acetylene dissociation could ocour andproceed through the valve aperture 12 to the line beyond it. However, this is effectively prevented, since the valve aperture 12 has been closed by the sealing member G and the gas flow has been stopped.
  • the solid porous body 1 thus serves not only to stop the acetylene dissociation but also to cause a mechanical blockage of the gas line at its location. When the porous body 1 has been exposed to an explosion it is obviously consumed and has to be replaced by a fresh one, which is easily done by screwing apart the halves 7, 8 of the valve housing.
  • the essential feature of the invention is that the solid porous body is provided with gas-tight sealing members exactly opposite each valve aperture and that the solid porous body is suspended with the sealing members at a short distance from the valve apertures by means of some suspension member which, upon exposition of the solid porous body to an explosion wave, is deformed or broken and allows a displacement of the solid porous body in the direction of flow of the explosion wave, irrespective of the direction from which the said wave hits the flash arrester, so that the corresponding sealing member is made to engage and seal oh its valve aperture.
  • the said sealing and suspension members can be constructed in many different ways, such as the one shown in FIG. 4.
  • the solid porous body 1 does not have the armour 2 shown in the preceding figures and the flange 23 is cast into a peripheral groove in the body 1.
  • the terminal sealing members 2'5, 26 also are cast or fastened into shallow hollows in the body 1.
  • the valve apertures 11, 12 do not have the sharp ridges 13, 14 of FIG. 1 but are instead provided with expanded portions 27 and 28 flaring away from the corresponding valve aperture.
  • the sealing members 25, 26 of lead or some other plastic material are preferably slightly conical so as to be able to enter the valve apertures.
  • valve 28 may have various wall contours, the essential thing being only that they have around the whole or a part of the circumference of the valve aperture radially extended J portions relative to the outer portion of the valve aperture, so as to form an under-cut valve seat.
  • the material of the member is pressed into the expanded portion 27 and not only seals ofiE the valve aperture but becomes attached in the expanded portion, so that the sealing member 25 is now locked in sealing position. If it is assumed that the gas flow in FIG. 4 occurs downwardly and that the explosion wave comes from below, i.e. up-stream, then the body 1 will be driven upwards and the sealing member 25 into its sealing locked position against the action of the pressure from the gas stream coming from above, so that the latter will be shut off.
  • the flange it is not necessary, although preferable, for the flange to form a gastight seal on the outside of the body 1, so that there is no free passage for the gas on this side.
  • the sealing members for sealing off the valve apertures may be of many diiferent materials, which are able to withstand the pressure and temperature occurring in the absorption of an explosion without losing their sealing property against the valve apertures and the gas sealing properties need only be sutficient for the required blocking function.
  • a flash arrester for a gas conduit comprising a casing defining therein a chamber having side walls in which is defined an annular recess and having opposed end faces in each of which is defined an opening to a port extending through said casing, through which port said chamber communicates with the conduit, a porous body disposed in said chamber, said body being slidable endwise in said chamber, a yieldable flange attached to said porous body and engaged in said annular recess to retain said porous body in said chamber spaced at a distance from both of said end walls, said flange being yieldable at explosive endwise pressures to permit said body to slide in said chamber, and closure members attached to said porous body opposite the said openings in the opposed end faces, said closure members adapted on endwise movement to close said openings.
  • a flash arrester according to claim 1 further comprising sealing means surrounding each of said ports adapted for sealing engagement with the closure member opposite the opening to said port.
  • each of said ports has locking means therein adjacent its said opening and the opposed closure member is of a deformable material that will enter through said opening and sealingly engage with said locking means.
  • a flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein said sealing means comprises an annular projection on each end face around the opening therein and said closure member is of a material which will conform sealingly with said projection.
  • a flash arrester according to claim 3 wherein said locking means comprises a groove in said port undercutting the periphery of said opening.
  • a flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein the casing comprises two disengageable members connected with one another to form said recess at their interface.
  • a flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein the porous body comprises a cylindrical member of porous material enclosed by a shell of armour material.

Description

A ril 24, 1962 o. E. HEDBERG 3,031,235
FLASH ARRESTER F OR GAS CONDUITS Filed Oct. 1, 1958 -h USN- 015 INVENTOR OSCAR E. HEDBERG BY 2 0 A ATTORNEYS Oscar Emanuel Hedberg, 'Lidingo,
one ofthe valve apertures.
United States Patent 3,031,285 Patented Apr. 24,1962
free
3,031,285 FLASH ARRESTER .FOR GAS .CONDUITS Sweden, assignor to 'Svenska 'Aktiebolaget 'Gasaccumulator, 'Lidingo, *Sweden, a corporation ofSweden Filed'Oct. 1, 1958, Ser. No.'764,7-18 :Claims priority,.=application-Sweden Oct. 9, '1957 7 Claims. '(Cl. 48-192) qconduit,-so;as toarrest an explosion wave propagated in the conduit. .The invention concerns itself particularly with providing a flash arrester of reliable function and simple, practical and economical in construction, which is easily put together without the possibility of an error occurring inthe mounting of the parts of the arrester.
A flash arrester with a passage for a gas stream including asolid, porous body, is'characterized according to the invention in that the solid, porousbody is suspended between a pair of valve apertures for admitting the gas stream tothe said passage and allowing it to escape therefrom, thesolid, porous body carrying opposite the valve apertures at a short distance therefrom gas-tight sealing members and the suspension members for the solid porous body allowing when subject to explosive. pressure a displacement during deformation of the suspension member of the solid porous body until one sealing member closes The suspension'member as well as the gas-tight sealing members are preferably of soft metal, such as lead.
The invention is illustrated on the attached drawing in the form'of a pair of embodiments shown byway of ex ample. FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a flash arrester according to the invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 show different views of a solid, porous body forming part of the arrester. FIG. 4 shows partially in axial section a part of the flash arrester in a modified construction.
According to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, the flash arrester comprises a solid, porous body 1 of fire-resistant material such as so called ceramic filter. A very suitable substance for the porous body is the sort utilized for abrasive disks, but other natural or artificial granular stone substances, which have been brought into a solid porous form by one means or the other, can also be used. Fine metal granules may also be used instead of sand particles, probably without additional advantage. A suitable value for the porosity of the porous body 1 is one resulting in a pressure drop of 25 mm. Hg at a gas flow of about 800 litres per minute.
The body 1 is cylindrical and onto its cylindrical outer face there is cast a lead armour 2, which, besides forming a shell surrounding the body 1, is formed with a circumferential flange 3. Centrally in the body 1 there is a boring 4 filled with a lead casting forming a pairof terminal sealing members 5, 6. These are cast in massive form and do not let through the gas.
The body 1 with its armour 2, 3 is placed in the two halves 7 and 8 of a valve housing so that the flange 3 is held by axial pressure between shoulders on the two halves 7, 8, the arrangement being such that the terminal faces of the body 1 are spaced a short distance away from each bottom 9 and 10 in the passage formed in the valve housing halves at the same time as the terminal sealing members 5, 6 are placed a short distance away from the valve apertures 11, 12 in each bottom 9, 10, as clearly shown by FIG. 1. These valve apertures 11, 12 are each surrounded on the side thereof facing the sealing members 5, 6 by a sharp annular projection or ridge 13 or 14, respectively, and are joined on the other side to fittings 15 and 16 for attachment to pipes. In addition to the tightening between the valve housing halves provided by the :flange 3 there isfurther an aluminium ring17 serving the same purpose.
The flash'arrester'just described is adapted to -,be inserted for instance into a high-pressure acetylene line. The
arrester=thenallows the acetylene to flow through it with little ;flow resistance in the porous body 1. Since the flange 3' is held by pressure, a blockage or tightening is obtained here against the valve housing on the outside of the armour 2 and it is not necessary for the armour proper to tighten against the-valve housing halves-but'a sliding fit maybe provided here. The flange 3 is strong enough-towithstandeasily without deformation the great- .est pressureloads on the body 1 caused by pressure fluctuations in thegas occurring in normal operation. For
instance, if the greatest pressure variations are 25 atmospheres overpressure, the flange 3 should preferably be able to retain the'bo'dy 1 without displacement even at or immediately below twice this pressure. -If an explosion wave penetrates into the line containing theflash arrester 20 and a pressure wave, for instance of 800 to 1000 atmospheres overpressure, hits the body 1, for instance on the upper side thereof as shown in FIG. 1, a deformation of the flange 3 at its attachment to the armour 2 takes place and the body 1 is pressed with its sealing member 6 against the annular ridge 14 and closes the valve aperture 12. The porous body 1 absorbs the explosion or, in other words, causes the acetylene dissociation to stop. The body 1 is: then heated and if thegas were allowed to continue to flow a renewed acetylene dissociation could ocour andproceed through the valve aperture 12 to the line beyond it. However, this is effectively prevented, since the valve aperture 12 has been closed by the sealing member G and the gas flow has been stopped. The solid porous body 1 thus serves not only to stop the acetylene dissociation but also to cause a mechanical blockage of the gas line at its location. When the porous body 1 has been exposed to an explosion it is obviously consumed and has to be replaced by a fresh one, which is easily done by screwing apart the halves 7, 8 of the valve housing.
When mounting the body 1, it is entirely impossible to turn it or insert it incorrectly, which is an important feature.
It will now be clear that the essential feature of the invention is that the solid porous body is provided with gas-tight sealing members exactly opposite each valve aperture and that the solid porous body is suspended with the sealing members at a short distance from the valve apertures by means of some suspension member which, upon exposition of the solid porous body to an explosion wave, is deformed or broken and allows a displacement of the solid porous body in the direction of flow of the explosion wave, irrespective of the direction from which the said wave hits the flash arrester, so that the corresponding sealing member is made to engage and seal oh its valve aperture.
The said sealing and suspension members can be constructed in many different ways, such as the one shown in FIG. 4. Here the solid porous body 1 does not have the armour 2 shown in the preceding figures and the flange 23 is cast into a peripheral groove in the body 1. The terminal sealing members 2'5, 26 also are cast or fastened into shallow hollows in the body 1. The valve apertures 11, 12 do not have the sharp ridges 13, 14 of FIG. 1 but are instead provided with expanded portions 27 and 28 flaring away from the corresponding valve aperture. The sealing members 25, 26 of lead or some other plastic material are preferably slightly conical so as to be able to enter the valve apertures. The said expanded portions 27,
28 may have various wall contours, the essential thing being only that they have around the whole or a part of the circumference of the valve aperture radially extended J portions relative to the outer portion of the valve aperture, so as to form an under-cut valve seat.
When one of the sealing members, such as the member 25, is pressed into a valve aperture 11, the material of the member is pressed into the expanded portion 27 and not only seals ofiE the valve aperture but becomes attached in the expanded portion, so that the sealing member 25 is now locked in sealing position. If it is assumed that the gas flow in FIG. 4 occurs downwardly and that the explosion wave comes from below, i.e. up-stream, then the body 1 will be driven upwards and the sealing member 25 into its sealing locked position against the action of the pressure from the gas stream coming from above, so that the latter will be shut off.
Further variations of the detailed construction are possible within the scope of the invention. It is not necessary, although preferable, for the flange to form a gastight seal on the outside of the body 1, so that there is no free passage for the gas on this side. The sealing members for sealing off the valve apertures may be of many diiferent materials, which are able to withstand the pressure and temperature occurring in the absorption of an explosion without losing their sealing property against the valve apertures and the gas sealing properties need only be sutficient for the required blocking function.
What is claimed is:
l. A flash arrester for a gas conduit comprising a casing defining therein a chamber having side walls in which is defined an annular recess and having opposed end faces in each of which is defined an opening to a port extending through said casing, through which port said chamber communicates with the conduit, a porous body disposed in said chamber, said body being slidable endwise in said chamber, a yieldable flange attached to said porous body and engaged in said annular recess to retain said porous body in said chamber spaced at a distance from both of said end walls, said flange being yieldable at explosive endwise pressures to permit said body to slide in said chamber, and closure members attached to said porous body opposite the said openings in the opposed end faces, said closure members adapted on endwise movement to close said openings.
2. A flash arrester according to claim 1 further comprising sealing means surrounding each of said ports adapted for sealing engagement with the closure member opposite the opening to said port.
3. A flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein each of said ports has locking means therein adjacent its said opening and the opposed closure member is of a deformable material that will enter through said opening and sealingly engage with said locking means.
4. A flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein said sealing means comprises an annular projection on each end face around the opening therein and said closure member is of a material which will conform sealingly with said projection.
5. A flash arrester according to claim 3 wherein said locking means comprises a groove in said port undercutting the periphery of said opening.
6. A flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein the casing comprises two disengageable members connected with one another to form said recess at their interface.
7. A flash arrester according to claim 2 wherein the porous body comprises a cylindrical member of porous material enclosed by a shell of armour material.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,391,592 Pierson Dec. 25, 1945 2,482,457 Boedecker Sept. 20, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS 597,031 Germany May 15, 1934

Claims (1)

1. A FLASH ARRESTER FOR A GAS CONDUIT COMPRISING A CASING DEFINING THEREIN A CHAMBER HAVING SIDE WALLS IN WHICH IS DEFINED AN ANNULAR RECESS AND HAVING OPPOSED END FACES IN EACH OF WHICH IS DEFINED AN OPENING TO A PORT EXTENDING THROUGH SAID CASING, THROUGH WHICH PORT SAID CHAMBER COMMUNICATES WITH THE CONDUIT, A POROUS BODY DISPOSED IN SAID CHAMBER, SAID BODY BEING SLIDABLE ENDWISE IN SAID CHAMBER, A YIELDABLE FLANGE ATTACHED TO SAID POROUS BODY AND ENGAGED IN SAID ANNULAR RECESS TO RETAIN SAID POROUS BODY IN SAID CHAMBER SPACED AT A DISTANCE FROM BOTH OF SAID END WALLS, SAID FLANGE BEING YIELDABLE AT EXPLOSIVE ENDWISE PRESSURES TO PERMIT SAID BODY TO SLIDE IN SAID CHAMBER, AND CLOSURE MEMBERS ATTACHED TO SAID POROUS BODY OPPOSITE THE SAID OPENINGS IN THE OPPOSED END FACES, SAID CLOSURE MEMBERS ADAPTED ON ENDWISE MOVEMENT TO CLOSE SAID OPENINGS.
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228331A (en) * 1963-09-30 1966-01-11 Bernard E Drimmer Detonation arrester for liquid detonable substances
US3248188A (en) * 1963-07-22 1966-04-26 Continental Motors Corp Flame arrester
US3357472A (en) * 1961-05-05 1967-12-12 Henes Mfg Co Means and method for the electrolytic production of hydrogen and oxygen for the safe consumption thereof
US4444109A (en) * 1982-11-19 1984-04-24 Hercules Incorporated Flame arrestor device with pourous membrane
US4806096A (en) * 1986-06-04 1989-02-21 Taseto Co., Ltd. Back-fire preventive unit in a gas cutting torch
US4818220A (en) * 1986-06-04 1989-04-04 Taseto Co., Ltd. Gas cutting torch
EP0535393A1 (en) * 1991-09-28 1993-04-07 HALTERNER WERKGESELLSCHAFT mbH Flame trap for vapor recovery conduits
US5407348A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-04-18 Victor Equipment Company Torch with integral flashback arrestors and check valves
WO2001041876A3 (en) * 1999-11-25 2002-05-10 Rmg Gaselan Regel & Messtechni Method and device for dampening the pressure surge on flame arresters during detonations
WO2008131702A2 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Vladimir Dvoracek Bidirectional anti-explosive arrester, especially for pipe systems
US20140030666A1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2014-01-30 Victor Equipment Company Flashback arrestor
US20180193680A1 (en) * 2015-07-15 2018-07-12 Basf Se Ejector nozzle and use of the ejector nozzle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE597031C (en) * 1930-12-14 1934-05-15 Linde Eismasch Ag Device for preventing the propagation of explosions in pipelines
US2391592A (en) * 1940-05-02 1945-12-25 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Flash arrester
US2482457A (en) * 1945-03-23 1949-09-20 Bastian Blessing Co Combination check valve and flash arrester

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE597031C (en) * 1930-12-14 1934-05-15 Linde Eismasch Ag Device for preventing the propagation of explosions in pipelines
US2391592A (en) * 1940-05-02 1945-12-25 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Flash arrester
US2482457A (en) * 1945-03-23 1949-09-20 Bastian Blessing Co Combination check valve and flash arrester

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357472A (en) * 1961-05-05 1967-12-12 Henes Mfg Co Means and method for the electrolytic production of hydrogen and oxygen for the safe consumption thereof
US3248188A (en) * 1963-07-22 1966-04-26 Continental Motors Corp Flame arrester
US3228331A (en) * 1963-09-30 1966-01-11 Bernard E Drimmer Detonation arrester for liquid detonable substances
US4444109A (en) * 1982-11-19 1984-04-24 Hercules Incorporated Flame arrestor device with pourous membrane
US4806096A (en) * 1986-06-04 1989-02-21 Taseto Co., Ltd. Back-fire preventive unit in a gas cutting torch
US4818220A (en) * 1986-06-04 1989-04-04 Taseto Co., Ltd. Gas cutting torch
EP0535393A1 (en) * 1991-09-28 1993-04-07 HALTERNER WERKGESELLSCHAFT mbH Flame trap for vapor recovery conduits
US5407348A (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-04-18 Victor Equipment Company Torch with integral flashback arrestors and check valves
WO2001041876A3 (en) * 1999-11-25 2002-05-10 Rmg Gaselan Regel & Messtechni Method and device for dampening the pressure surge on flame arresters during detonations
WO2008131702A2 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Vladimir Dvoracek Bidirectional anti-explosive arrester, especially for pipe systems
WO2008131702A3 (en) * 2007-04-30 2009-02-12 Vladimir Dvoracek Bidirectional anti-explosive arrester, especially for pipe systems
US20140030666A1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2014-01-30 Victor Equipment Company Flashback arrestor
US20180193680A1 (en) * 2015-07-15 2018-07-12 Basf Se Ejector nozzle and use of the ejector nozzle
US11400326B2 (en) * 2015-07-15 2022-08-02 Basf Se Ejector nozzle and use of the ejector nozzle

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