US2960026A - Rotary intaglio offset printing machine - Google Patents
Rotary intaglio offset printing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2960026A US2960026A US619315A US61931556A US2960026A US 2960026 A US2960026 A US 2960026A US 619315 A US619315 A US 619315A US 61931556 A US61931556 A US 61931556A US 2960026 A US2960026 A US 2960026A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- transfer
- doctor
- ink
- offset printing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 39
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012940 design transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F9/00—Rotary intaglio printing presses
- B41F9/01—Rotary intaglio printing presses for indirect printing
Definitions
- This invention relates to printing equipment, in particular rotary intaglio offset printing machines, and aims to provide such a machine which gives fine printing results, particularly on irregular rigid objects, which are comparable with results hitherto obtainable only with hand operated transfer rollers, while at the same time providing a machine in which the operating parts have a long life.
- Printing of fine designs on irregularly shaped metal objects may be done in two ways-the article may be printed flat, and then deformed; or the article may be printed after deformation, with a soft transfer roller which picks up the design from the printing slate. In the latter cases, small deformations in the metal object are accommodated by the resiliency of the transfer plate, while large deformations require multiple transferring to the object.
- the desired design is etched into a at metal plate, which is inked; the plate is scraped clean with a doctor blade; the ink is picked up by a hand-operated soft transfer roller of soft glue-gelatine, rubber, vinyl plastic or similar ink resistant composition; and the operator transfers the design, by hand, to the somewhat irregularly shaped work piece.
- the transfer roller is cleaned of ink between each successive impression by the use of a cleaning cloth with ink solvent on it, or by rolling it on absorbent paper.
- This variable braking action is a function of the size and shape of the piece being printed, and the pressure exerted between it and the transfer roller. Since the transfer roller is soft and compressible, this variable pressure acts to slow up the transfer roller vis-a-vis the engraved roller, so that they ⁇ operate at a slight speed differential, whereby the design slurs slightly as it passes from the engraved roller to the transfer roller.
- a second problem which affects quality is that of residual ink on the transfer roller after printing, which will dirty the next print unless it is in exact register (extremely difficult to get with the very soft transfer rollers used) or unless it is removed.
- Reciprocating doctor blades have been commonly used; if these are sufficiently pressured to remove all the ink, they erode the transfer rollers rapidly, and thus cause loss in quality.
- I overcome these diiculties in rotary intaglio offset presses which use soft transfer rollers by using a freely rotating transfer roller, which is driven by one or more metal doctor rollers which ICC operate at exactly the same speed as the engraved plate cylinder. In this fashion, I accommodate the entire machine to the braking action of the work pieces, and avoid the speed-differential slur inevitable when the transfer roller and plate cylinder are both driven.
- the use of a doctor roller to drive the transfer roller at the speed of the engraved plate cylinder ensures against the slight slur which would be obtained if the plate cylinder alone were driving the transfer cylinder, which slur is due to the slight slippage which must occur because the line of contact between the engraved plate cylinder and the transfer roller is through the full wet ink film which is being transferred. Furthermore, the driving doctor roller removes the ink without erosion of the transfer roller. Normally, one such cylinder is sufficient; but for very fussy work, I prefer to use two such cylinders, to ensure substantially complete removal of ink from the transfer roller.
- doctor rollers it is necessary to remove the ink from the doctor rollers as they remove it from the transfer rollers. This is done with doctor blades, which scrape the ink from the metal rollers.
- I provide a soft transfer roller 10, of glue-glycerine composition, rubber, vinyl plastisol or the like elastic deformable material; preferably its hardness is of the order of Durometer A-20, or lower.
- This is rotatably mounted on a shaft 11, journaled in the side frames of the press (not shown on the drawing).
- I may provide an impression cylinder 12, where flat pieces are to be printed; or the impression cylinder may be removed from the press, to print nonplanar pieces, which will be held against the transfer roller by an operator.
- the engraved plate cylinder 14 is journaled in the side frames on its shaft 15; it operates in an ink pan 16 containing a body of ink 18 which is picked up by the cylinder 14, excess being scraped off before its contact point with the transfer roller by a doctor blade 26.
- the plate cylinder is driven from a shaft 20 which carries a worm 22 which contacts a meshing gear 24 attached to the plate cylinder shaft 15.
- the shaft 20 also drives the doctor roller 28 through a worm 30 and gear 32 attached to the shaft 29 of the doctor roller 28.
- a doctor blade 34 bears against the doctor roller 28 and scrapes ink into a pan 36.
- the doctor roller and the plate cylinder are of identical diameter, to minimize the need for involved gearing to ensure identical surface speed.
- roller 28 frictionally engaged and drives the transfer roll 10 at the same speed as the engraved plate cylinder 14. Since the rollers 28 and 14 are mechanically geared to one another, they must operate at the same speed-hence there can be no slur in ink transfer from the engraving to the transfer cylinder. If braking slows the roller 10, it is transferred to both rollers 28 and 14 simultaneously.
- Ink from the reservoir 18 fills the engraving, is scraped off by the doctor 28, and transfers to the transfer roller 10. It is then transferred in large part to the work; the residue is largely picked up by the roller 28, and is scraped off the roller by the doctor 34 into the reservoir 36.
- a single driving doctor roller is suiiicient for all but the most exacting work.
- I may provide an identical second doctor roller A28 driven by a shaft A20 keyed to the shaft 20 in such fashion that the speed of the roller A28 is identical with that of the roller 28.
- a doctor A34 scrapes excess ink off this roller A28 into a pan A36.
- the device of claim 1 further including a second doctor roller in driving frictional engagement with the transfer roller, said second .doctor roller and said plate cylinder being Amechanically coupled. for rotation at the same 'peripheral speed, and means for rotating said second doctor roller and plate cylinder at the same peripheral speed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
Description
Nov. 15, 1960 w. A. wElDLlcH ROTARY INIAGLIo AOFFSET PRINTING MACHINE Filed OCT.. 30. 1956 0F T/ONA L /MPRES SION CYL lNR oPr/o/VAL 000ml? ROL/ HR J0 OFFSET VP/w/vr//va @YL/wasn (coveneo wlw soFr MATER/A1.)
ENGRAl/Eo cYL/NDER IN VEN TOR. M//V//lawz f7. We/'c//fc 7' U19/VE X Unite States Patent O ROTARY INTAGLIO OFFSET PRINTING MACHINE William A. Weidlich, Scotch Plains, NJ., assigner to Interchemical Corporation, New York, NX., a corporation of Ohio Filed Oct. 30, 1956, Ser. No. 619,315
3 Claims. (Cl. 101-154) This invention relates to printing equipment, in particular rotary intaglio offset printing machines, and aims to provide such a machine which gives fine printing results, particularly on irregular rigid objects, which are comparable with results hitherto obtainable only with hand operated transfer rollers, while at the same time providing a machine in which the operating parts have a long life.
Printing of fine designs on irregularly shaped metal objects may be done in two ways-the article may be printed flat, and then deformed; or the article may be printed after deformation, with a soft transfer roller which picks up the design from the printing slate. In the latter cases, small deformations in the metal object are accommodated by the resiliency of the transfer plate, while large deformations require multiple transferring to the object.
In the printing of imitation wood and grain designs on metal pieces such as automobile dash boards, the best results have been obtained by intaglio offset printing. The desired design is etched into a at metal plate, which is inked; the plate is scraped clean with a doctor blade; the ink is picked up by a hand-operated soft transfer roller of soft glue-gelatine, rubber, vinyl plastic or similar ink resistant composition; and the operator transfers the design, by hand, to the somewhat irregularly shaped work piece. The transfer roller is cleaned of ink between each successive impression by the use of a cleaning cloth with ink solvent on it, or by rolling it on absorbent paper.
The inevitable mechanization `of the process, to speed up the work of printing, has resulted in loss in quality. Such mechanization involves the use of engraved rollers rather than plates, and the fixing of the transfer roller in a frame with the engraved roller, whereby the design transfers continuously. The transfer roller is generally driven at the same surface speed as the engraved roller, and the variable braking action of the pieces being printed often causes a slight slur in the transfer of ink.
This variable braking action is a function of the size and shape of the piece being printed, and the pressure exerted between it and the transfer roller. Since the transfer roller is soft and compressible, this variable pressure acts to slow up the transfer roller vis-a-vis the engraved roller, so that they `operate at a slight speed differential, whereby the design slurs slightly as it passes from the engraved roller to the transfer roller.
A second problem which affects quality is that of residual ink on the transfer roller after printing, which will dirty the next print unless it is in exact register (extremely difficult to get with the very soft transfer rollers used) or unless it is removed. Reciprocating doctor blades have been commonly used; if these are sufficiently pressured to remove all the ink, they erode the transfer rollers rapidly, and thus cause loss in quality.
According to my invention, I overcome these diiculties in rotary intaglio offset presses which use soft transfer rollers by using a freely rotating transfer roller, which is driven by one or more metal doctor rollers which ICC operate at exactly the same speed as the engraved plate cylinder. In this fashion, I accommodate the entire machine to the braking action of the work pieces, and avoid the speed-differential slur inevitable when the transfer roller and plate cylinder are both driven. Furthermore, the use of a doctor roller to drive the transfer roller at the speed of the engraved plate cylinder ensures against the slight slur which would be obtained if the plate cylinder alone were driving the transfer cylinder, which slur is due to the slight slippage which must occur because the line of contact between the engraved plate cylinder and the transfer roller is through the full wet ink film which is being transferred. Furthermore, the driving doctor roller removes the ink without erosion of the transfer roller. Normally, one such cylinder is sufficient; but for very fussy work, I prefer to use two such cylinders, to ensure substantially complete removal of ink from the transfer roller.
Obviously, it is necessary to remove the ink from the doctor rollers as they remove it from the transfer rollers. This is done with doctor blades, which scrape the ink from the metal rollers.
The invention can best be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic lay-out of my press.
Referring to the drawing, I provide a soft transfer roller 10, of glue-glycerine composition, rubber, vinyl plastisol or the like elastic deformable material; preferably its hardness is of the order of Durometer A-20, or lower. This is rotatably mounted on a shaft 11, journaled in the side frames of the press (not shown on the drawing). I may provide an impression cylinder 12, where flat pieces are to be printed; or the impression cylinder may be removed from the press, to print nonplanar pieces, which will be held against the transfer roller by an operator.
The engraved plate cylinder 14 is journaled in the side frames on its shaft 15; it operates in an ink pan 16 containing a body of ink 18 which is picked up by the cylinder 14, excess being scraped off before its contact point with the transfer roller by a doctor blade 26. The plate cylinder is driven from a shaft 20 which carries a worm 22 which contacts a meshing gear 24 attached to the plate cylinder shaft 15.
The shaft 20 also drives the doctor roller 28 through a worm 30 and gear 32 attached to the shaft 29 of the doctor roller 28. A doctor blade 34 bears against the doctor roller 28 and scrapes ink into a pan 36.
Preferably, the doctor roller and the plate cylinder are of identical diameter, to minimize the need for involved gearing to ensure identical surface speed.
In the operation of the device, the roller 28 frictionally engaged and drives the transfer roll 10 at the same speed as the engraved plate cylinder 14. Since the rollers 28 and 14 are mechanically geared to one another, they must operate at the same speed-hence there can be no slur in ink transfer from the engraving to the transfer cylinder. If braking slows the roller 10, it is transferred to both rollers 28 and 14 simultaneously.
Ink from the reservoir 18 fills the engraving, is scraped off by the doctor 28, and transfers to the transfer roller 10. It is then transferred in large part to the work; the residue is largely picked up by the roller 28, and is scraped off the roller by the doctor 34 into the reservoir 36.
A single driving doctor roller is suiiicient for all but the most exacting work. For such work, I may provide an identical second doctor roller A28 driven by a shaft A20 keyed to the shaft 20 in such fashion that the speed of the roller A28 is identical with that of the roller 28. A doctor A34 scrapes excess ink off this roller A28 into a pan A36.
It .will be seenthat I .have'provided an intaglio oiset printing press Which solves the problem of mechanizing the 01d hand transfer press .with minimum loss of quality, in that I overcome slur in transfer from the plate cylinder ,to the transfer cylinder, and in `thatll provide ample cleaning -for the transfer :cylinder by the very devices `that eliminate slur in rtransfer.
Obviously, the specific embodiment of yrny Vinvention described herein can be modied Without departing -from Vrotatably 4mounted-doctor roller in driving kfrictiona'l 15 engagement .with the transfer'rollensaid :doctor roller and yplate cylinder being mechanically `cou-pled for rotation at the same peripheral speed and means -for rotating said doctor roller and plate cylinder at the same periph- V.eral speed.
2. The device of claim 1, in which the engraved plate cylinder and the doctor roller are of the same diameter.
3. The device of claim 1, further including a second doctor roller in driving frictional engagement with the transfer roller, said second .doctor roller and said plate cylinder being Amechanically coupled. for rotation at the same 'peripheral speed, and means for rotating said second doctor roller and plate cylinder at the same peripheral speed.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 846,131 Munz Mar. 5, 1907 1,807,963 Casto et al. June 2, 1931 2,016,868 McBean Oct. 8, 1935
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US619315A US2960026A (en) | 1956-10-30 | 1956-10-30 | Rotary intaglio offset printing machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US619315A US2960026A (en) | 1956-10-30 | 1956-10-30 | Rotary intaglio offset printing machine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2960026A true US2960026A (en) | 1960-11-15 |
Family
ID=24481378
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US619315A Expired - Lifetime US2960026A (en) | 1956-10-30 | 1956-10-30 | Rotary intaglio offset printing machine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2960026A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3251338A (en) * | 1962-08-09 | 1966-05-17 | Armstrong Cork Co | Apparatus to apply plural coatings combined with diverse doctor means |
EP0650831A1 (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-03 | Sony Corporation | Method and means for printing a cassette |
EP1598185A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-23 | DeMaxz Deutschland GmbH | Device and process to print on wood or plastic substrate |
WO2008075323A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Surya Kurniawan | Method and apparatus for producing a more realistic wood grain on a surface of wood |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US846131A (en) * | 1905-05-20 | 1907-03-05 | Charles W Munz | Machine for graining wood. |
US1807963A (en) * | 1928-05-17 | 1931-06-02 | Oxford Varnish Corp | Graining machine |
US2016868A (en) * | 1934-02-09 | 1935-10-08 | Oxford Varnish Corp | Surface decorating machine |
-
1956
- 1956-10-30 US US619315A patent/US2960026A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US846131A (en) * | 1905-05-20 | 1907-03-05 | Charles W Munz | Machine for graining wood. |
US1807963A (en) * | 1928-05-17 | 1931-06-02 | Oxford Varnish Corp | Graining machine |
US2016868A (en) * | 1934-02-09 | 1935-10-08 | Oxford Varnish Corp | Surface decorating machine |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3251338A (en) * | 1962-08-09 | 1966-05-17 | Armstrong Cork Co | Apparatus to apply plural coatings combined with diverse doctor means |
EP0650831A1 (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-03 | Sony Corporation | Method and means for printing a cassette |
US5727459A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1998-03-17 | Sony Corporation | Method of and apparatus for printing a cassette accommodating a recording medium or a cassette accommodating case and a cassette accommodating a recording medium |
CN1083126C (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 2002-04-17 | 索尼公司 | Method of and apparatus for printing a cassette accommodating a recording medium or a cassette accommodating case and a cassette accommodating a recordding medium |
EP1598185A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-23 | DeMaxz Deutschland GmbH | Device and process to print on wood or plastic substrate |
WO2008075323A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Surya Kurniawan | Method and apparatus for producing a more realistic wood grain on a surface of wood |
US20100065186A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2010-03-18 | Surya Kurniawan | Method and apparatus for producing a more realistic wood grain on a surface of wood |
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