US2947466A - Axial flow fans - Google Patents

Axial flow fans Download PDF

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Publication number
US2947466A
US2947466A US673379A US67337957A US2947466A US 2947466 A US2947466 A US 2947466A US 673379 A US673379 A US 673379A US 67337957 A US67337957 A US 67337957A US 2947466 A US2947466 A US 2947466A
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Prior art keywords
adjusting
blades
guide vanes
impeller
casing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US673379A
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Jan C Busquet
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KONINK MACHINENFABRIEK Gebr ST
Koninklijke Machinenfabriek Gebr Stork & Co N V
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KONINK MACHINENFABRIEK Gebr ST
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/34—Blade mountings
    • F04D29/36—Blade mountings adjustable
    • F04D29/362—Blade mountings adjustable during rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/56—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/563—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • AXIAL FLOW FANS Filed July 22, 195'? United States Patent O AXIAL FLow FANS Jan C. Busquet, Hengelo, Netherlands, assignor to Koninklijke Machinefabriek Gebr. Stork & Co. N.V., Hengelo, Netherlands.
  • This invention relates to an axial flow fan, the impeller hub of which has a conical circumferential surface, having its ⁇ diameter increasing in the direction of dow and a set of adjustable guide vanes being arranged at the inllow side of the casing.
  • the invention has for its object to remove said drawback
  • the impeller hub 1 is of conical shape and secured on a shaft 2 supported in bearings 3 and 4 and driven by means of an ⁇ electric motor 5. Secured on the impeller hub 1 lare fixed blades 6 and the hub carries behind said bladesparts ladjustable blade-parts 7 having their stems 8 rotatably journalled in the hub 1.
  • the shaft bearings 3 and 4 are supported in the core body 9 of the suction mouth 10 of the fan casi-ng 11.
  • Iadjustable guide vanes 12 are provided and said vanes being supported by journals 13 in the mouth of the core -body 9 and by journals 14 in the outer wall of the suction mouth 10 of the casing.
  • the guide vanes 12 each c-arry a lever 18 and said levers are connected to an adjusting mechanism, comprising an axially slidable ring 19.
  • an adjusting disc 15 may be provided, which is secured on an axially slidable rod 16 and rotates together with the impeller.
  • the disc 15 is connected to levers 17 each secured on the stem A8 of a blade-part 7, so that by axial displacement of the disc 15 the blade-parts 7 are rotated.
  • 'Ihe mechanism for adjusting the inlet guide vanes 12 is coupled to that for adjusting the rear portions 7 of the impeller blades in such a manner that when adjusting the guide vanes 12 for large and small loads the blade portions 7 remains stationary and that when adjusting the ICC blade portions 7 for means loads the position of the guide vanes 12 is not varied.
  • a shaft 20 for adjusting the blade portions 7 and the guide vanes :12 may carry two cam discs 21 and 22.
  • Cam disc 21 cooperates with a roller 23 carried by a lever 24 secured on a shaft 25, which carries at its opposite end a lever 26 coupled to slidable rod 16 of disc 15.
  • Cam disc 22 cooperates with -a roller 27 carried by a bell crank lever 28 which by means of rod 29 is connected to the slidable adjusting ring 19 Iof the guide vanes 12.
  • the active part of cam disc 21 is denoted by a and extends through an sangle a.
  • Cam disc 22 has two active parts b and c extending through angles and 'y respectively.
  • the cam discs 21 and 22 are annularly displaced relatively to each other in such a manner that when cam disc 21 is active for adjusting the blade portions 7 of the impeller cam disc remains inactive and when cam disc 22 is active for adjusting the guide vanes 12 cam disc remains inactive so that said vanes 12 are not adjusted. With said arrangement a large range of loads is controlled by adjusting the impeller blades and only the smaller and larger loads are obtained by adjusting the guide vanes 12.
  • An axial vflow fan comprising a casing, an impeller journalled in said casing including a hub with blades rigidly secured thereon and additional blades adjustably mounted on said hub behind said yfixed blades, guide vanes adjustably mounted in the inflow side of said casing, means connected to saidadjustable blades for adjusting said blades, means connected to s-aid guide vanes for adjusting said vanes, and control means connected with both said adjusting means and operative to actuate only one of said adjusting means at a time to adjust the impeller blades while the guide vanes remain stationary and to adjust the guide vanes while the impeller blades remain stationary.
  • An axial ow fan comprising a casing, an impeller journalled in said casing and including a hub with blades rigidly secured thereon, and additional blades adjustably mounted on said hub behind said fixed blades, guide vanes adjustably mounted in the inflow side of said casing, means connected to said adjustable blades for adjusting said blades, means connected to said guide vanes for adjusting said vanes, and control means connected with both said adjusting means and operative to actuate only one of said adjusting means at -a time, said control means including la common control ⁇ element having one portion engaging said blade adjusting means and another portion engaging the vane adjusting means, said portions being offset from each other so that the common element actuates during one part of itsmovement the means for adjusting the impeller blades and during another part of its movement actuates the means for adjusting the guide vanes.
  • An axial flow fan comprising a casing, an impeller journalled in said casing and including a hub with blades rigidly secured thereon, and additional blades -adjustably mounted on said hub behind said iixed blades, guide vanes adjustably mounted in ⁇ the inow side of said casing, means connected to said adjustable blades for adjusting said blades, means connected to said guide vanes for adjusting said vanes, and a control shaft, said control shaft carrying a lirst cam for actuating the adjusting means of the impeller blades, and a second cam for actuating the guide vanes, said rst cam having Ia single active part and said second cam having two active parts which are angularly displaced with respect to each other and to the active part of said iirst cam.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Aug- 2, 1960 J. c. BusQuE'r 2,947,466
AXIAL FLOW FANS Filed July 22, 195'? United States Patent O AXIAL FLow FANS Jan C. Busquet, Hengelo, Netherlands, assignor to Koninklijke Machinefabriek Gebr. Stork & Co. N.V., Hengelo, Netherlands.
Filed July 22, 1957, Ser. No. 673,379
Claims priority, application Netherlands Aug. 31, 1956 3 Claims. (Cl. 230-114) This invention relates to an axial flow fan, the impeller hub of which has a conical circumferential surface, having its `diameter increasing in the direction of dow and a set of adjustable guide vanes being arranged at the inllow side of the casing.
The capacity of fans of this kind may be varied within wide limits, but the eiliciency for mean loads is rather poor.
The invention has for its object to remove said drawback |and to this end the hub of the impeller is provided with adjustable blades located behind xed blade-parts and said adjustable parts of the blades and the guide vanes being adjusted in such a manner, that for small and large loads only the guide vanes and for mean loads only the impeller blades are adjusted.
Tests have shown that by adjusting the rear parts of the impeller blades for mean loads a better eiciency is obtained than by varying the capacity of the fan in said range of loads by means of the adjustable guide vanes at the inflow side of the casing. For smaller loads and also for higher loads, however, a more favourable efficiency is obtained by varying the capacity only by means of the guide vanes at the inflow of the casing, so that the fan according to the invention will present 1thedhighest possible elciency over the whole range of oa s.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing showing a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a fan according to the invention.
The impeller hub 1 is of conical shape and secured on a shaft 2 supported in bearings 3 and 4 and driven by means of an `electric motor 5. Secured on the impeller hub 1 lare fixed blades 6 and the hub carries behind said bladesparts ladjustable blade-parts 7 having their stems 8 rotatably journalled in the hub 1.
The shaft bearings 3 and 4 are supported in the core body 9 of the suction mouth 10 of the fan casi-ng 11. In the suction mouth 10 Iadjustable guide vanes 12 are provided and said vanes being supported by journals 13 in the mouth of the core -body 9 and by journals 14 in the outer wall of the suction mouth 10 of the casing. At the outside of the suction mouth 10 the guide vanes 12 each c-arry a lever 18 and said levers are connected to an adjusting mechanism, comprising an axially slidable ring 19.
For adjusting the blade-parts 7 of the impeller an adjusting disc 15 may be provided, which is secured on an axially slidable rod 16 and rotates together with the impeller. The disc 15 is connected to levers 17 each secured on the stem A8 of a blade-part 7, so that by axial displacement of the disc 15 the blade-parts 7 are rotated.
'Ihe mechanism for adjusting the inlet guide vanes 12 is coupled to that for adjusting the rear portions 7 of the impeller blades in such a manner that when adjusting the guide vanes 12 for large and small loads the blade portions 7 remains stationary and that when adjusting the ICC blade portions 7 for means loads the position of the guide vanes 12 is not varied.
To this end a shaft 20 for adjusting the blade portions 7 and the guide vanes :12 may carry two cam discs 21 and 22. Cam disc 21 cooperates with a roller 23 carried by a lever 24 secured on a shaft 25, which carries at its opposite end a lever 26 coupled to slidable rod 16 of disc 15.
Cam disc 22 cooperates with -a roller 27 carried by a bell crank lever 28 which by means of rod 29 is connected to the slidable adjusting ring 19 Iof the guide vanes 12. The active part of cam disc 21 is denoted by a and extends through an sangle a. Cam disc 22 has two active parts b and c extending through angles and 'y respectively. The cam discs 21 and 22 are annularly displaced relatively to each other in such a manner that when cam disc 21 is active for adjusting the blade portions 7 of the impeller cam disc remains inactive and when cam disc 22 is active for adjusting the guide vanes 12 cam disc remains inactive so that said vanes 12 are not adjusted. With said arrangement a large range of loads is controlled by adjusting the impeller blades and only the smaller and larger loads are obtained by adjusting the guide vanes 12.
What I claim is:
l. An axial vflow fan, comprising a casing, an impeller journalled in said casing including a hub with blades rigidly secured thereon and additional blades adjustably mounted on said hub behind said yfixed blades, guide vanes adjustably mounted in the inflow side of said casing, means connected to saidadjustable blades for adjusting said blades, means connected to s-aid guide vanes for adjusting said vanes, and control means connected with both said adjusting means and operative to actuate only one of said adjusting means at a time to adjust the impeller blades while the guide vanes remain stationary and to adjust the guide vanes while the impeller blades remain stationary.
2. An axial ow fan, comprising a casing, an impeller journalled in said casing and including a hub with blades rigidly secured thereon, and additional blades adjustably mounted on said hub behind said fixed blades, guide vanes adjustably mounted in the inflow side of said casing, means connected to said adjustable blades for adjusting said blades, means connected to said guide vanes for adjusting said vanes, and control means connected with both said adjusting means and operative to actuate only one of said adjusting means at -a time, said control means including la common control `element having one portion engaging said blade adjusting means and another portion engaging the vane adjusting means, said portions being offset from each other so that the common element actuates during one part of itsmovement the means for adjusting the impeller blades and during another part of its movement actuates the means for adjusting the guide vanes.
3. An axial flow fan, comprising a casing, an impeller journalled in said casing and including a hub with blades rigidly secured thereon, and additional blades -adjustably mounted on said hub behind said iixed blades, guide vanes adjustably mounted in `the inow side of said casing, means connected to said adjustable blades for adjusting said blades, means connected to said guide vanes for adjusting said vanes, and a control shaft, said control shaft carrying a lirst cam for actuating the adjusting means of the impeller blades, and a second cam for actuating the guide vanes, said rst cam having Ia single active part and said second cam having two active parts which are angularly displaced with respect to each other and to the active part of said iirst cam.
(References on following page) References kCited in the le of this' patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Chitz Mar. 23, l1943 HagenEr.; Ian. 15,1946 5 Szydlawski 1 Mar. 19, 1946 Bauger etal. 1-- July 14, 1953 4- FOREIGN PATENTS* Great Britain Dec. `19, 1929 Great Britain- Aug. 17, 1948 Great Britain May 7, 1952 Great Bgintginl-, Ian. 13, 1954 Germany4r May 5, 1952
US673379A 1956-08-31 1957-07-22 Axial flow fans Expired - Lifetime US2947466A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3251539A (en) * 1963-05-15 1966-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Centrifugal gas compressors
US3284048A (en) * 1964-04-28 1966-11-08 United Aircraft Corp Variable area turbine nozzle
US3422625A (en) * 1966-08-05 1969-01-21 Garrett Corp Jet engine with an axial flow supersonic compressor
US3483824A (en) * 1967-09-15 1969-12-16 Babcock & Wilcox Co Rotary pump with check valve
US4167368A (en) * 1976-07-26 1979-09-11 Aktiengesellschaft Kuhnle, Kopp & Kausch Advance diffuser apparatus for a blower having a large impeller diameter
US4175382A (en) * 1975-08-22 1979-11-27 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Steam power plant with pressure-fired boiler
US4265591A (en) * 1978-12-12 1981-05-05 Florian Gurbin Adjustable pitch fan
US4433955A (en) 1981-03-26 1984-02-28 General Electric Company Turbine arrangement
USRE32238E (en) * 1981-03-26 1986-09-02 General Electric Company Turbine arrangement
US6547517B1 (en) * 1995-08-10 2003-04-15 Elta Fans Limited Fluid impeller

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB309135A (en) * 1928-04-05 1929-12-19 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Improvements in or relating to rotary machines
US2314572A (en) * 1938-12-07 1943-03-23 Herman E Chitz Turboengine
US2393042A (en) * 1943-01-16 1946-01-15 B F Sturtevant Co Axial flow fan
US2397060A (en) * 1940-03-04 1946-03-19 Szydiowski Josef Compressor
GB606560A (en) * 1945-03-20 1948-08-17 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Improvements relating to axial flow compressors
DE838193C (en) * 1949-09-21 1952-03-27 Escher Wyss Maschinenfabrik G.m.b.H., Ravensburg (Württ.) Rotor composed of rotating bodies for centrifugal machines with axial flow
GB671607A (en) * 1950-05-05 1952-05-07 Davidson & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to multi-stage fans, pumps and the like
US2645410A (en) * 1947-05-05 1953-07-14 Construction De Moteurs D Avia Gaseous fluid compressor
GB702312A (en) * 1952-05-27 1954-01-13 Davidson & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to axial flow fans and the like

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB309135A (en) * 1928-04-05 1929-12-19 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Improvements in or relating to rotary machines
US2314572A (en) * 1938-12-07 1943-03-23 Herman E Chitz Turboengine
US2397060A (en) * 1940-03-04 1946-03-19 Szydiowski Josef Compressor
US2393042A (en) * 1943-01-16 1946-01-15 B F Sturtevant Co Axial flow fan
GB606560A (en) * 1945-03-20 1948-08-17 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Improvements relating to axial flow compressors
US2645410A (en) * 1947-05-05 1953-07-14 Construction De Moteurs D Avia Gaseous fluid compressor
DE838193C (en) * 1949-09-21 1952-03-27 Escher Wyss Maschinenfabrik G.m.b.H., Ravensburg (Württ.) Rotor composed of rotating bodies for centrifugal machines with axial flow
GB671607A (en) * 1950-05-05 1952-05-07 Davidson & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to multi-stage fans, pumps and the like
GB702312A (en) * 1952-05-27 1954-01-13 Davidson & Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to axial flow fans and the like

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3251539A (en) * 1963-05-15 1966-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Centrifugal gas compressors
US3284048A (en) * 1964-04-28 1966-11-08 United Aircraft Corp Variable area turbine nozzle
US3422625A (en) * 1966-08-05 1969-01-21 Garrett Corp Jet engine with an axial flow supersonic compressor
US3483824A (en) * 1967-09-15 1969-12-16 Babcock & Wilcox Co Rotary pump with check valve
US4175382A (en) * 1975-08-22 1979-11-27 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Steam power plant with pressure-fired boiler
US4167368A (en) * 1976-07-26 1979-09-11 Aktiengesellschaft Kuhnle, Kopp & Kausch Advance diffuser apparatus for a blower having a large impeller diameter
US4265591A (en) * 1978-12-12 1981-05-05 Florian Gurbin Adjustable pitch fan
US4433955A (en) 1981-03-26 1984-02-28 General Electric Company Turbine arrangement
USRE32238E (en) * 1981-03-26 1986-09-02 General Electric Company Turbine arrangement
US6547517B1 (en) * 1995-08-10 2003-04-15 Elta Fans Limited Fluid impeller

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