US2940221A - Manufacture of low-tension sparking - Google Patents
Manufacture of low-tension sparking Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2940221A US2940221A US2940221DA US2940221A US 2940221 A US2940221 A US 2940221A US 2940221D A US2940221D A US 2940221DA US 2940221 A US2940221 A US 2940221A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- low
- glass
- sparking
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
Definitions
- this invention relates more particularly to an improved method of manufacturing the insulated electrode unit of low-tension sparking plugs, wherein the insulator consists of glass, notably borosilicated glass.
- the glass is ground to a tine powder and forms a suspension in water or in another organic liquid, this suspension having a pasty consistence. Then, this paste is either applied with a brush or gtm-sprayed on to the surface of .the metal parte, the latter -being accurately scoured and slightly oxidized beforehand by rapidly heating them to dark red heat. After the suspension liquid has evaporated ot, the coated parts are heated in atmospheric air or in a nitrogen atmosphere at such temperature that the glass particles melt and form a continuous vitriiied or Iglazed film adhering strongly on the metal surfaces. By applying several coats of glass alternating with heating steps it is possible to form relatively thick glass layers on the metal. These electrodes are assembled upon completion of the vitriication, when the hot mass of glass has a pasty consistence, whereby it may flow back, both inand outside, to fill the space between the electrodes.
- Fig. l shows a pair of concentrical electrodes 1, 2 coated separately as set forth hereinabove, then dried, glazed and disposed in the proper relative positions when lthe mass of hot, pasty glass ows back in the space 3 between the electrodes so as to till it.
- the lower face is ground slightly to remove any excess material which may have flowed outwards and to form a spark ⁇ gap level with the concentric electrodes.
- This method of applying a glass insulation on low-tension sparking plug electrodes may be associated with the combined use of another insulating material.
- the glazed or vitried electrodes are ground and lapped.
- Figure 2 of the drawing illustrates in axial section au electrode assembly constituting a typical example of the simultaneous use of the two insulators.
- This assembly comprises two electrodes, i.e. a hollow 2,940,221 Patented June 14, 1960 the lower face of the electrode is lightly lground untilr a surface is obtained wherein the metal electrode 4 appears in the 4form of a annulus about 0.016" thick around a wider annulus of insulating material. Then, a mica washer 6 is so applied on this surface that the latter is engaged by the upper face of the washer up to the bevelled portion. 'Then the other electrode 7 is placed against the washer 6 and held in position by a central rod 8 of .conducting material and a nut 9.
- a surface discharge spark plug for operation with a discharge condenser in low tension ignition installations which consists of providing a tirst metallic electrode having an axial bore and a sparking surface and a second metallic electrode having a sparking surface to be assembled coaxially with the rst electrode with their sparking surfaces closely spaced and substantially ilush and providing insulating material comprising borosilicated glass to be used as an insulating core between the electrodes, and to form a surface substantially coplanar with .the sparking surfaces prior to assembly of the electrodes, reducing the glass to a powdered state, adding liquid to the powdered glass to form a composition of a substantially viscous consistency, applying the composition to the electrode surfaces .to be assembled, prior to assembly thereof, treating .the electrodes in an unassembled condition with heat suicient to melt the glass particles and fuse them thereby to vitrify the composition, repeating .the application of the composition and the vitrication thereof to form successive thin layers of insulating material on the
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Description
n Gm .mm MN AE7 P 5 I SWW NW mOn P Ch .WL ...www FRn.. 0mm?. N MI T MF U N A M June 14,121960' United States Patent O MANUFACTURE F LOW-TENSION SPARKING PLUGS FR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Lucien Pras, Billancourt, France, assignor to Regie Nationale des Usines Renault, Billancourt, France Filed Jan. 2, 1957, Ser. No. 632,048
Claims priority, application France Jan. 11, 1956 2 Claims. (Cl. 49-81) Many forms of low-tension sparking plug electrodes have already been proposed, wherein the spark occurs across two electrodes by the discharge of a condenser to ignite the air-fuel mixture of internal combustion engines. The problem of incorporating an insulator between the electrodes, due to the very narrow gap available (ie. from 0.004" to 0.012") is extremely diicult to solve and reduces the range of materials that can be used for this purpose inasmuch as this insulator must have the property of enabling the spark to glance olf on its surface while offering a convenient mechanical and thermal resistance thereto.
Now this invention relates more particularly to an improved method of manufacturing the insulated electrode unit of low-tension sparking plugs, wherein the insulator consists of glass, notably borosilicated glass.
According to the present invention, ,the glass is ground to a tine powder and forms a suspension in water or in another organic liquid, this suspension having a pasty consistence. Then, this paste is either applied with a brush or gtm-sprayed on to the surface of .the metal parte, the latter -being accurately scoured and slightly oxidized beforehand by rapidly heating them to dark red heat. After the suspension liquid has evaporated ot, the coated parts are heated in atmospheric air or in a nitrogen atmosphere at such temperature that the glass particles melt and form a continuous vitriiied or Iglazed film adhering strongly on the metal surfaces. By applying several coats of glass alternating with heating steps it is possible to form relatively thick glass layers on the metal. These electrodes are assembled upon completion of the vitriication, when the hot mass of glass has a pasty consistence, whereby it may flow back, both inand outside, to fill the space between the electrodes.
The application of this method to a conventional electrode arrangement is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing, wherein Fig. l shows a pair of concentrical electrodes 1, 2 coated separately as set forth hereinabove, then dried, glazed and disposed in the proper relative positions when lthe mass of hot, pasty glass ows back in the space 3 between the electrodes so as to till it. When the assembly has cooled down to room temperature the lower face is ground slightly to remove any excess material which may have flowed outwards and to form a spark `gap level with the concentric electrodes.
This method of applying a glass insulation on low-tension sparking plug electrodes may be associated with the combined use of another insulating material. In this case, the glazed or vitried electrodes are ground and lapped.
Figure 2 of the drawing illustrates in axial section au electrode assembly constituting a typical example of the simultaneous use of the two insulators.
This assembly comprises two electrodes, i.e. a hollow 2,940,221 Patented June 14, 1960 the lower face of the electrode is lightly lground untilr a surface is obtained wherein the metal electrode 4 appears in the 4form of a annulus about 0.016" thick around a wider annulus of insulating material. Then, a mica washer 6 is so applied on this surface that the latter is engaged by the upper face of the washer up to the bevelled portion. 'Then the other electrode 7 is placed against the washer 6 and held in position by a central rod 8 of .conducting material and a nut 9.
I claim:
1. 'The method of manufacturing a surface discharge spark plug for operation with a discharge condenser in low tension ignition installations which consists of providing a tirst metallic electrode having an axial bore and a sparking surface and a second metallic electrode having a sparking surface to be assembled coaxially with the rst electrode with their sparking surfaces closely spaced and substantially ilush and providing insulating material comprising borosilicated glass to be used as an insulating core between the electrodes, and to form a surface substantially coplanar with .the sparking surfaces prior to assembly of the electrodes, reducing the glass to a powdered state, adding liquid to the powdered glass to form a composition of a substantially viscous consistency, applying the composition to the electrode surfaces .to be assembled, prior to assembly thereof, treating .the electrodes in an unassembled condition with heat suicient to melt the glass particles and fuse them thereby to vitrify the composition, repeating .the application of the composition and the vitrication thereof to form successive thin layers of insulating material on the electrodes, heating the electrodes in an unassembled condition with all of ,the layers of insulating material thereon suiciently to cause the insulating material to assume Va plastic state in preparation for yassembling .the electrodes, assembling the electrodes by disposing 4them coaxially and moving them in a direction opposite Vto each other after a final Iapplication and vitrification of .the composition while the composition is in a heated and plastic state, and cooling the assembled electrodes.
2. The method according to claim 1, in which prior .to the application of .the composition to the electrode surfaces .the electrodes are oxidized by rapidly heating them to a dark red.
References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,562,533 Weintraub Nov. 24, 1925 1,775,218 Thurneyssen Sept. 9, 1930 2,125,315 Ronci Aug. 2, 1938 2,136,052 Hurley Nov. 8, 1938 2,248,644 Reger et al. Iuly 8, 1941 2,293,381 Carington Aug. 18, 1942 2,399,770 Taylor May 7, 1946 2,422,628 McCarthy June 17, 1947 2,429,955 Goldsmith Oct. 28, 1947 2,436,644 Halstead Feb. 24, 1948 2,549,504 Messana Apr. 17, 1951 2,560,593 Pask et al. July 17, 1951 2,657,248 Smits Oct. 27, 1953 2,709,147 Ziegler May 24, 1955
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2940221A true US2940221A (en) | 1960-06-14 |
Family
ID=3449370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2940221D Expired - Lifetime US2940221A (en) | Manufacture of low-tension sparking |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2940221A (en) |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1562533A (en) * | 1923-02-15 | 1925-11-24 | Weintraub Ezechiel | Sealed joint |
US1775218A (en) * | 1924-04-10 | 1930-09-09 | Thurneyssen Guy Theodore | Joint and connection |
US2125315A (en) * | 1936-02-04 | 1938-08-02 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Method of forming glass to metal seals |
US2136052A (en) * | 1936-07-16 | 1938-11-08 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Ignition device |
US2248644A (en) * | 1937-02-09 | 1941-07-08 | Gen Electric | Method of sealing evacuated envelopes |
US2293381A (en) * | 1940-03-01 | 1942-08-18 | K L G Sparking Plugs Ltd | Sparking plug |
US2399770A (en) * | 1943-07-28 | 1946-05-07 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Sealing of glass to metal |
US2422628A (en) * | 1943-06-12 | 1947-06-17 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Glass to metal seal |
US2429955A (en) * | 1945-07-06 | 1947-10-28 | Electronic Mechanics Inc | Insulating structure |
US2436644A (en) * | 1943-06-11 | 1948-02-24 | West Road Co Ltd | Sparking plug |
US2549504A (en) * | 1946-03-15 | 1951-04-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Method of sealing glass to metal |
US2560593A (en) * | 1945-05-04 | 1951-07-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of making a glass-to-metal seal |
US2657248A (en) * | 1949-06-27 | 1953-10-27 | Smitsvonk Nv | Bushing for spark plugs |
US2709147A (en) * | 1951-09-12 | 1955-05-24 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Methods for bonding silica bodies |
-
0
- US US2940221D patent/US2940221A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1562533A (en) * | 1923-02-15 | 1925-11-24 | Weintraub Ezechiel | Sealed joint |
US1775218A (en) * | 1924-04-10 | 1930-09-09 | Thurneyssen Guy Theodore | Joint and connection |
US2125315A (en) * | 1936-02-04 | 1938-08-02 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Method of forming glass to metal seals |
US2136052A (en) * | 1936-07-16 | 1938-11-08 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Ignition device |
US2248644A (en) * | 1937-02-09 | 1941-07-08 | Gen Electric | Method of sealing evacuated envelopes |
US2293381A (en) * | 1940-03-01 | 1942-08-18 | K L G Sparking Plugs Ltd | Sparking plug |
US2436644A (en) * | 1943-06-11 | 1948-02-24 | West Road Co Ltd | Sparking plug |
US2422628A (en) * | 1943-06-12 | 1947-06-17 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Glass to metal seal |
US2399770A (en) * | 1943-07-28 | 1946-05-07 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Sealing of glass to metal |
US2560593A (en) * | 1945-05-04 | 1951-07-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method of making a glass-to-metal seal |
US2429955A (en) * | 1945-07-06 | 1947-10-28 | Electronic Mechanics Inc | Insulating structure |
US2549504A (en) * | 1946-03-15 | 1951-04-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Method of sealing glass to metal |
US2657248A (en) * | 1949-06-27 | 1953-10-27 | Smitsvonk Nv | Bushing for spark plugs |
US2709147A (en) * | 1951-09-12 | 1955-05-24 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Methods for bonding silica bodies |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2100187A (en) | Entrance insulation for electrical conductors | |
US3037180A (en) | N-type semiconductors | |
EP0788204A1 (en) | Ceramic insulator, its manufacture and spark plug incorporating it | |
EP0390065B1 (en) | Spark plug for internal combustion engine | |
US4091144A (en) | Article with electrically-resistive glaze for use in high-electric fields and method of making same | |
US2537671A (en) | Variable resistance device | |
US2311647A (en) | Spark plug and method of making | |
US2940221A (en) | Manufacture of low-tension sparking | |
US4144474A (en) | Low noise resistance containing spark plug | |
US2831138A (en) | Electrical connection for high energy igniters, and method for producing same | |
US2508354A (en) | Spark plug or the like | |
US2436644A (en) | Sparking plug | |
CA1077254A (en) | Electric insulators | |
US2360287A (en) | Method of making spark plugs | |
US2136052A (en) | Ignition device | |
US3995184A (en) | Alumina-spinel diffusion semiconductor | |
US2416599A (en) | Resistor and method of making the same | |
US2926275A (en) | Pgras | |
US3136973A (en) | Sealed resistor | |
US2861014A (en) | Process of making a semi-conductive ceramic body | |
US2953704A (en) | Electrical discharge device | |
US3857174A (en) | Method of making varistor with passivating coating | |
US2431965A (en) | Manfuacture of electrical resistances | |
US3872338A (en) | Spark plug | |
US3348091A (en) | Spark plug seal having a lower coefficient of expansion than the ceramic insulator core |