US2937814A - Ball-crusher - Google Patents

Description

A. JOISEL BALL-CRUSHER May 24, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 4, 1954 UH-ind S a -6 Pie- I Y BALL-CRUSHER Albert .Joisel, .Soisy-sous-Montmorency, France, assignor )of fifty percent to Centre dEtudes et de Recherchesde llndustrieides Liants Hydraulics, Paris, France (a public organisation) Filed May 4,- 1954, Ser. No. 427,609 Claims priority, application France May 28, 1953-v 2 Claims. 01. 241-175 There have, already been proposed horizontal ball crushersof the fplanet-type, comprising several crushertubes rotatively mounted on'a revolving balanced frame. Crushers of this type are based on the conception, in itself correct, that, by the addition to the attraction of gravity onthe balls which acts alone in the usual ballcrushers having only one rotary tube, of the action of The planet crusher, according to the invention, is

characterized in that the sizes and the transmissions are designed so that the directions of rotation of the frame .and of the crusher tubes in relation to the frame are opposed and that the ratios:

2 distance between the axis of the frame and the axis of a crusher tube r inner radius of the crusher tubes and r 1: speed of revolution of the crusher tubes in relation to the frame N speed of revolution of the frame the negative sign indicating that the directions of rotation are opposed.

By way' of example, two embodiments of the invention are described hereafter and schematically illustrated in the annexed drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a discontinuous crusher in accordance with the invention,

.are in relation about as indicated in the following table: w

Figure 2 is a side elevation of a continuous crusher,

and

Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram.

According to Figure 1, a revolving frame 2 is mounted on a fixed stand 1 and supports for example two rotating crusher tubes 3, 4 forming a balanced assembly.

The shaft 5 of the revolving frame 2 is driven by a motor 6. Another motor 7, drives a pulley 8, freely rotatable on the shaft 5 and integral with two sprocket wheels 9, 10 driving by chains the crusher tubes 3 and 4, respectively.

The frame and the crusher tubes turn in opposite directions, as shown in Figure 3.

The crusher tubes being filled up, for example to 40% of their full capacity, the centrifugal force generated by their rotation round the main shaft 5 tends to main- P Ice.

tain against the remotest wall of the tubes 3, 4, the bodies (balls or fragments of matter) which are constantly brought back by-the proper rotation of the tubes towards the part of the wall which is the nearest to the main shaft 5. a

,To obtain the highest output, a given relation must exist between the various elements of the crusher,,namely the distance R between the principal center and the centers of the crusher tubes,the radius r of these crusher tubes and the speeds of rotation, N for the frame, n for the crusher tubes in relation to the frame.

Calculation and practice have shown to the inventor that the best result is obtained by establishing between the ratios R n '1:- and w the relation indicated in the above table.

II The inventor has proved that in a cylindrical tumbling mill on a horizontal axis, the output was proportional to the fourth power of the force producing the fall (gravity). Thereby, if gravity is replaced by a force which is 10 or '20 times as large oreven greater, the output will be very much increased, thus allowing substantial reduction in the diameter and the length of the tube. Calculation showsthat with a crusher having six crusher tubes, each crusher tube having a radius of 10 centimeters, and a length of 30 cm., the main shaft of said frame being at 40cm. from the shafts of the crusher tubes and r0- tating at 200 revolutions per minute in the opposed direction to that of the crusher tubes, and the ratio of speeds in accordance with the invention, theoutput-obtained is larger than the output delivered by a cylindrical tumbling mill on a horizontal axis having a diameter of 2 meters and a length of 10 meters, as are the usual crushers for clinkers in cement plants.

One understands that, by selecting wisely these alternate forms, it becomes possible to obtain the required crushing effects, and particularly the size classification required for the matter to be crushed.

' 'In a known way, each tube is constituted for-instance,

by a can provided with a lid, the whole being supported the highest output depends first, as above indicated upon the ratio of the distance between the axes of the crusher tubes and the main shaft to the radius of the crusher.

tubes.

It depends also, to a certain extent, upon the degree of filling of the crusher tubes, upon the condition of their inner wall, upon the size and weight of the crushing balls and upon the absolute value of the speed of the frame.

When the working conditions have been sufiiciently, ascertained by tests and when the best ratio of the speeds for the given values of R and r is determined, the crusher can be equipped with driving connections supplying the necessary speeds and said ratio of the speeds, thus avoiding further adjustments. It is then possible to substitute a single motor, controlling simultaneously the rotations of the frame and of the tubes in place of the two motors 6, 7.

Indications given by wattmeters enableother things being equalsupervising the degree of filling of the crush! ing chambers. by mounting the crusher on a weighing machine.

In the continuous crusher illustrated in Figure 2, the revolving frame, freely mounted on the main shaft 31 includes two face plates 23, 24, one of which, '23, has the shape of a pulley; in these face plates are trunnioned the crusher tubes 25, 26, provided with hollow input shafts 27, 28, and hollow output shafts 29, 30. The input shafts 27, 28 are integral with a rotating-distributor; provided with two ducts 32, 33 and set upon'a fixed feed hopper 34. The two outlet shafts 29, 30 extend in two discharge ducts 35, 36, outwardlydirected to facilitate This supervision can also be carried out the discharge through centrifugal force; the ends of these The rotation of the frame supporting the crusher tubes is secured by a motor 7' driving the pulley 23. The rotation, in the opposite direction, of the crusher tubes around their own axes, is secured by a second motor 6',

through a pulley 41 integral with the main shaft 31, said shaft bearing a pinion 42 meshing with two pinions 43, 44 integral with the crusher tubes 25, 26 respectively.

The material to be crushed, introduced, together with crushing balls, in the fixed hopper 34 is carried along by the centrifugal force in the two ducts of the distributor 32, 33, passes through the crusher tubes 25, 26 and, after the crushing, is discharged through the ducts 29, 30, in the fixed collector 38, wherefrorn it comes out through the opening 39.

The discharge can be facilitated by means of a sucking up in the collector 38. The fineness of the product is adjusted by adjusting the feeding and the sucking up.

Bars 45, 46, in the discharge ducts 29, 30, prevent the escape of the crushing balls but allow the crushed matter to flow out. It is nevertheless possible to eliminate these bars and let the crushing balls fall out with the crushed matter, these balls being later on introduced again in the hopper 34. If some of the crushing balls are worn out, new balls can be introduced in the hopper 34.

What I claim is:

1. Horizontal ball crusher comprising a pair of vertical uprights spaced from each other, a horizontal shaft rotatably supported in said uprights, a pulley mounted at one end of said shaft a frame freely mounted on the shaft and having one of its face-plates arranged to serve disposed around the horizontal shaft, a distributor rotatably mounted on the lower end of the hopper, a series of supply ducts extending radially therefrom and having each their ends freely engaged in one of the tubular side extensions, a fixed collecting chamber disposed laterally of the frame on the side thereof remote from the hopper and having a circular slot in its face opposite the frame, a series of output ducts each of which is by one of its ends freely mounted over the free side extension of a tube and enters by its other end into the collector, a gear train arranged between the horizontal-shaft and the crusher tube, whereby by applying power to the pulley mounted on the horizontal shaft and to the said one face-plate of the frame, the frame and crusher tubes may be rotated in opposite directions.

2. A horizontal ball crusher according to claim 1, in which said gear train rotates said frame and crusher tubes in opposite directions at selected speeds related to the radius of the tubes and their distance from said horizontal shaft in accordance with the relationship that when then

respectively,

R being the distance in centimeters of the axis of each tube from the horizontal shaft,

r the radius of the tubes in centimeters,

n the speed in revolutions per minute of the tubes with respect to the frame, and

N the speed in revolutions per minute of the frame, and the minus sign denoting that the frame and tubes rotate in opposite directions.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 405,810 Wegmann a.-. June 25, 1889 1,144,272 West June 22, 1915 1,951,823 Eppers Mar. 20, 1934 2,209,344 Matthews July 30, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS 401,833' France Aug. 11, 1909 436,534 Great Britain Oct. 14, 1935 527,522 Great Britain Oct. 10, 1940 660,412- Germany Mar. 11, 1939 661,870 Germany Nov. 11, 1938

Images