US2915260A - Package support or holder for indefinite length material - Google Patents

Package support or holder for indefinite length material Download PDF

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US2915260A
US2915260A US557999A US55799956A US2915260A US 2915260 A US2915260 A US 2915260A US 557999 A US557999 A US 557999A US 55799956 A US55799956 A US 55799956A US 2915260 A US2915260 A US 2915260A
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yarn
package
segment
holder
support
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US557999A
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Fred G Parrott
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H49/00Unwinding or paying-out filamentary material; Supporting, storing or transporting packages from which filamentary material is to be withdrawn or paid-out
    • B65H49/02Methods or apparatus in which packages do not rotate
    • B65H49/04Package-supporting devices
    • B65H49/06Package-supporting devices for a single operative package
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • packages of yarn such as bobbins of yarn havebeen supported on a spindle or nailwhile the yarn on the'pa'ck'ag'e is being unwound'therefrom.
  • Such supports although efie'c'tive. to prevent the bobbin from falling on the floor, do not support the bobbin in such a manner-as to prevent the same from floppingaround while the yarn is'being taken therefrom. It has been observed that the movement of the yarn package or the flopping about'of the-same during the unwinding of the yarn there from causes entanglements in the yarn by the yarn sluifin'go'if or being withdrawn several convolutions atonce which greatly interfereswith the winding operation.
  • his a primary object of this invention to overcome the above-mentioned difiiculties of supporting a package of yarn when the yarn on the same is being unwound in-a winding operation by providing a yarn package support comprising a plurality of mating segments which: are so dimensioned as to selectively and frictionallyreceive various size packages of yarn thereon to'maintain-the package in an immovable upright position at alltimes.
  • a yarnpackage support-or holder wherein: the same coinprises a plurality of mating segments, each' segment adaptedto support at least one size of yarn package and wherein" the segments are telescopically arranged and-each of the segments are adapted to be selectively removed to change-over the yarn" package support or holder to receive various size' packages of' yarn.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspective view showing theyar n package support or holder supporting a package of yarn while the yarn thereon is being unwound as on a textile winder;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the yarn package support or holder
  • Figure 3 shows the yarn package support o'rholder'in assembled position
  • Figure 4 is a vertical section taken online 4--4"of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows the yarn package support or holder supporting a large size bobbin
  • Figure 6 shows the yarn' package support or holder with one of the mating segments removed and supporting. an intermediate size bobbin
  • Figure 7 shows the yarn package support or holder with two of the mating segments removed and shown supporting a smaller size bobbin.
  • reference numeral 10 broadlyindicates the yarn package support or" holder, .a plurality of which (only one is' shown in Figure l) are fixedly secured in'sp'ac'ed relation on a package holder supporting rail 11 of a textile winder machine.
  • Apackage of yarn P is positioned on each of the holders ltland the yarn Y is unwound therefrom while being guided by eyelets 12 and 13 positioned on an upper rail 14' to atravers ing guide 1 5 mounted ona traversing rod 16 which lays'the yarn Y in layers on a sp'ool'17 being rotated" as by'frictional contact by a rotary drum 18'.
  • the yarn package support or holder 10 comprises a stationarily positioned spindle 20 to which is secured as by a set screw 22' a frusto-conicallygshaped inner or small size yarn package support segment 21.
  • the upper portion of the segment 21 has formed integraltherewith another frusto-conically shaped portion 21b'to actas'a guide to facilitate thepositioning of a package of yarn onthe'se'gment 21;
  • a flange 23 is formed integral with the segment 21 and serves to receive thelower edge of the package of yarn or bobbin when the same is positioned thereon as shown in Figure 7.
  • intermediate support segment broadly indicated at 24' is telescopically received by the segment '21 and is secured in its proper position on the spindle 20" by a set screw 25 engaging the spindle as more clearly shown in Figure 4'.
  • a flange 26 is formed integral with the intermediate support segment 24 and extends outwardly from the lower edge thereof to provide a'seat for an inter mediate size bobbin such. as bobbin B" as shown 'in Figure 6. It will also be observed in Fi ure 6 that the flange 26 rests on the flange 23 of theinner segment '21.
  • the intermediate support 24' is adapted to selectively carry three different size bobbins thereon and to" accomplish' this purpose, wall portions" 30, 31 and 32 are" provided.
  • these wall portions are of various size diameters to frictionall y engage three diiferent size bobbins or yarn packages.
  • the walls 30, 31 and 32 are slo'ped or tapered upwardly to facilitate the inserting ofa yarn package or bobbin thereon.
  • Shoulder portions 33 and 34 define the upper and lower limits of the wall section 31 and alsodefine the upper and lower'limits of the wall sections 30' and 32; respectively;
  • the shoulders 33, 34 also act as seats or stops for the yarn packages frictionally' engaging the wall portions 31', 32, respectively, in a similar manner as the flange 26 acts as a stop or seat for y'a'rn' packages positibnedon wall 30.
  • the large size segment 35 is provided with a flange 38 along its lower edge which flange rests on the flange 26 of the intermediate segment 24 as clearly shown in Figure 3.
  • the upperedge of the large size segment 35 'istapered or sloped as at 39 to facilitate the inserting of a yarn package thereon.
  • the wall or body portion of the holder 35 is similarly tapered as the other segments 24 and 21 to increase the frictional engagement'with a yarn package positioned thereon to prevent the same from flopping about when yarn is being unwound therefrom.
  • Figure 5 is illustrated the yarn package support with the outer segment 35 frictionally engaging and maintaining a large size bobbin B in upright position while yarn (not shown) is unwound from the same.
  • Figure-6 the large support segment 35 has been removed and the segment 24 is shown as supporting an intermediate size bobbin B" in upright position while yarn (not shown) is being unwound from the same during a winding operation.
  • Figure 7 the holder device is shown with the outer or large size segment 35 and the intermediate size segment 24 removed and the inner or small segment supporting a small size bobbin B in upright position while yarn (not shown) is being unwound from the same.
  • the intermediate segment 24 is shaped to support two other sizes of bobbins in addisaid segments being provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional engagement with the package of yarn.
  • a support for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, an inner yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, an intermediate yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, said intermediate segment surrounding the major portion of said inner segment and resting thereon, an outer yarn package supporting segment secured to said intermediate segment and surrounding the lower portion of said intermediate segment, and each 'of said segments provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional tion to the bobbin B" shown in Figure 6, which bobbins I would be frictionally engaged by the wall portions 31 or 32.
  • a holder or support for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an upright position while yarn is being removed therefrom during a winding operation and wherein the holder frictionally engages the package of yarn to prevent the same from flopping about or moving to permit the yarn to be withdrawn from the same in a smooth manner without interfering with the winding operation.
  • a holder for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, a first yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, a second yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, said second segment surrounding the major portion of said first segment and resting thereon, a third yarn package supporting segment secured to said second segment and surrounding the lower portion of said second segment, each of said segments being positioned on a medial portion of said spindle with opposite ends of said spindle extending outwardly thereof and each of engagement with the package of yarn.
  • a holder for .a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, a first yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, a second yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, said second segment surrounding the major portion of said first segment and resting thereon, a third yarn package supporting segment secured to said second segment and surrounding the lower portion of said second segment, each of said segments being provided with an annular flange extending from its lower portion for engaging the lower edge of a package of yarn thereon, and each of said segments being annular and provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional engagement with the package of yarn.
  • a holder for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, at least two mating segments being positioned on said spindle with one segment surrounding the other segment, each of said segments being adapted to engage at least one different size package of yarn, each of said segments being provided with a flange for engaging the lower edge of a package of yarn, said flanges being in abutting relation with each other, and said one segment being supported on the flange of said other segment.
  • a holder for a package of yarn for ma ntaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, at least two mating segments being pos tioned on said spindle with one segment surrounding the other segment, each of said segments being adapted to engage atleast one different size package of yarn, and each of said segments being provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional engagement with the package of yarn, said tapered wall portions including outer ends, said ends being tapered toward the spindle to provide a guide surface for readily positioning a package of yarn in proper position.

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  • Unwinding Of Filamentary Materials (AREA)

Description

F. G. PARROTT Dec. 1, 1959 PACKAGE SUPPORT OR HOLDER FOR INDEFINITE LENGTH MATERIAL Filed Jan. 9, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet l a; Fi -4 INVENTOR; F250 6 9122 on ATTORNEYS Dec. 1, 1959 F. G. PARROTT 2,915,260
PACKAGE SUPPORT OR HOLDER FOR INDEF INITE LENGTH MATERIAL Filed Jan. 9, 195a 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY w fim ATTORNEYS United States Patent PACKAGE'SUPPORTOR HOLDER FOR INDEFINITE LENGTH MATERIAL Fred G. Parrott, Gastonia, NC. Application January-9, 1956, Serial No. 557,999 claims.- or; 242-130 This invention relates to a package support or holder atidfmore particularly; to a yarn package support or holder forsupportinga package of yarn while' the yarn thereon is being unwound as ina'winding operation.
Heretofore; packages of yarn such as bobbins of yarn havebeen supported on a spindle or nailwhile the yarn on the'pa'ck'ag'e is being unwound'therefrom. Such supports; although efie'c'tive. to prevent the bobbin from falling on the floor, do not support the bobbin in such a manner-as to prevent the same from floppingaround while the yarn is'being taken therefrom. It has been observed that the movement of the yarn package or the flopping about'of the-same during the unwinding of the yarn there from causes entanglements in the yarn by the yarn sluifin'go'if or being withdrawn several convolutions atonce which greatly interfereswith the winding operation. It has also been observed that the greater the difierence in diameter between the inside diameter of the yarn package and the-diameter of the package support,"the greater the diflicult'ies in evenly unwinding the yarn from the package since the amplitude or movement of the yarn package on the support is greater which increases the entanglement and unevenness of the yarn being wound therefrom.
his a primary object of this invention to overcome the above-mentioned difiiculties of supporting a package of yarn when the yarn on the same is being unwound in-a winding operation by providing a yarn package support comprising a plurality of mating segments which: are so dimensioned as to selectively and frictionallyreceive various size packages of yarn thereon to'maintain-the package in an immovable upright position at alltimes.
It is a more specific objector the invention. to provide a yarnpackage support-or holder wherein: the same coinprises a plurality of mating segments, each' segment adaptedto support at least one size of yarn package and wherein" the segments are telescopically arranged and-each of the segments are adapted to be selectively removed to change-over the yarn" package support or holder to receive various size' packages of' yarn.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a yarn package support or holder for supporting a package of yarn' during a winding operation which support or holder comprises a plurality of telescopically mating annular segments with each of the segments being provided with sloping or tapered walls-to increase the frictional engagement with a package of yarn and to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon.
Some ofthe'objects of the invention having been stated, other objects will appear as the description proceeds when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which-- I Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view showing theyar n package support or holder supporting a package of yarn while the yarn thereon is being unwound as on a textile winder;
Figure 2 is an exploded view of the yarn package support or holder;
2,915,260 Patented Dec. 1, 1959.
"ice
Figure 3 shows the yarn package support o'rholder'in assembled position; I t
Figure 4 is a vertical section taken online 4--4"of Figure 3;
Figure 5 shows the yarn package support or holder supporting a large size bobbin;
Figure 6 shows the yarn' package support or holder with one of the mating segments removed and supporting. an intermediate size bobbin;
Figure 7 shows the yarn package support or holder with two of the mating segments removed and shown supporting a smaller size bobbin.
-Referring more specifically to. the drawings, reference numeral 10 broadlyindicates the yarn package support or" holder, .a plurality of which (only one is' shown in Figure l) are fixedly secured in'sp'ac'ed relation on a package holder supporting rail 11 of a textile winder machine. Apackage of yarn P is positioned on each of the holders ltland the yarn Y is unwound therefrom while being guided by eyelets 12 and 13 positioned on an upper rail 14' to atravers ing guide 1 5 mounted ona traversing rod 16 which lays'the yarn Y in layers on a sp'ool'17 being rotated" as by'frictional contact by a rotary drum 18'. The yarn Y being unwound from the package P will bew'ithdrawn smoothly, free of any entanglements hereto fore caused by the movement of'the yarn package, since the package is frictionally engaged by the yarn package support 10 as more clearly seen in FiguresiS, 6and" 7 wherein various size yarn bobbins are shown'positioned on the support or holder.
Referring particularly to Figure 2, the yarn package support or holder 10 comprises a stationarily positioned spindle 20 to which is secured as by a set screw 22' a frusto-conicallygshaped inner or small size yarn package support segment 21. The upper portion of the segment 21 has formed integraltherewith another frusto-conically shaped portion 21b'to actas'a guide to facilitate thepositioning of a package of yarn onthe'se'gment 21; A flange 23 is formed integral with the segment 21 and serves to receive thelower edge of the package of yarn or bobbin when the same is positioned thereon as shown in Figure 7. intermediate support segment broadly indicated at 24' is telescopically received by the segment '21 and is secured in its proper position on the spindle 20" by a set screw 25 engaging the spindle as more clearly shown in Figure 4'. A flange 26 is formed integral with the intermediate support segment 24 and extends outwardly from the lower edge thereof to provide a'seat for an inter mediate size bobbin such. as bobbin B" as shown 'in Figure 6. It will also be observed in Fi ure 6 that the flange 26 rests on the flange 23 of theinner segment '21. The intermediate support 24' is adapted to selectively carry three different size bobbins thereon and to" accomplish' this purpose, wall portions" 30, 31 and 32 are" provided. As will be observed in Figure 2, these wall portions are of various size diameters to frictionall y engage three diiferent size bobbins or yarn packages. The walls 30, 31 and 32 are slo'ped or tapered upwardly to facilitate the inserting ofa yarn package or bobbin thereon. Shoulder portions 33 and 34 define the upper and lower limits of the wall section 31 and alsodefine the upper and lower'limits of the wall sections 30' and 32; respectively; The shoulders 33, 34 also act as seats or stops for the yarn packages frictionally' engaging the wall portions 31', 32, respectively, in a similar manner as the flange 26 acts as a stop or seat for y'a'rn' packages positibnedon wall 30. I Telescopically received by the intermediate support segment 24is the outeror large size supportse'grnent 35 which is secured to the intermediate segment 24 by a set screw 36 penetrating a threaded bore or aperture 37 (Figure 2) provided in the wall 30 of the segment 24.
The large size segment 35 is provided with a flange 38 along its lower edge which flange rests on the flange 26 of the intermediate segment 24 as clearly shown in Figure 3. The upperedge of the large size segment 35 'istapered or sloped as at 39 to facilitate the inserting of a yarn package thereon. The wall or body portion of the holder 35 is similarly tapered as the other segments 24 and 21 to increase the frictional engagement'with a yarn package positioned thereon to prevent the same from flopping about when yarn is being unwound therefrom.
In Figure 5 is illustrated the yarn package support with the outer segment 35 frictionally engaging and maintaining a large size bobbin B in upright position while yarn (not shown) is unwound from the same. In Figure-6 the large support segment 35 has been removed and the segment 24 is shown as supporting an intermediate size bobbin B" in upright position while yarn (not shown) is being unwound from the same during a winding operation. In Figure 7 the holder device is shown with the outer or large size segment 35 and the intermediate size segment 24 removed and the inner or small segment supporting a small size bobbin B in upright position while yarn (not shown) is being unwound from the same. Although only three sizes of bobbins are illustrated in the drawings, the intermediate segment 24 is shaped to support two other sizes of bobbins in addisaid segments being provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional engagement with the package of yarn.
2. A support for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, an inner yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, an intermediate yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, said intermediate segment surrounding the major portion of said inner segment and resting thereon, an outer yarn package supporting segment secured to said intermediate segment and surrounding the lower portion of said intermediate segment, and each 'of said segments provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional tion to the bobbin B" shown in Figure 6, which bobbins I would be frictionally engaged by the wall portions 31 or 32. Although the drawings do not show a bobbin smaller than bobbin B' as being held in an upright position by the bobbin holder, it is, of course, apparent that a bobbin having an internal diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the spindle 20 may be positioned thereon.
Although the invention has been described as particularly adaptable for supporting a package of yarn during the unwinding of the yarn therefrom in a winding operation, it is to be distinctly understood that the invention is not restricted thereto but may be practiced in any type of operation for supporting any type of package containing an indefinite length of material such as wire, electrical conductors, etc., as well as yarn.
Accordingly, there has been provided a holder or support for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an upright position while yarn is being removed therefrom during a winding operation and wherein the holder frictionally engages the package of yarn to prevent the same from flopping about or moving to permit the yarn to be withdrawn from the same in a smooth manner without interfering with the winding operation.
In the drawings and specification there has been set forth a preferred embodiment of the invention and, although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.
I claim:
1. A holder for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, a first yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, a second yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, said second segment surrounding the major portion of said first segment and resting thereon, a third yarn package supporting segment secured to said second segment and surrounding the lower portion of said second segment, each of said segments being positioned on a medial portion of said spindle with opposite ends of said spindle extending outwardly thereof and each of engagement with the package of yarn.
3. A holder for .a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, a first yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, a second yarn package receiving segment secured to said spindle, said second segment surrounding the major portion of said first segment and resting thereon, a third yarn package supporting segment secured to said second segment and surrounding the lower portion of said second segment, each of said segments being provided with an annular flange extending from its lower portion for engaging the lower edge of a package of yarn thereon, and each of said segments being annular and provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional engagement with the package of yarn.
4. A holder for a package of yarn for maintaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, at least two mating segments being positioned on said spindle with one segment surrounding the other segment, each of said segments being adapted to engage at least one different size package of yarn, each of said segments being provided with a flange for engaging the lower edge of a package of yarn, said flanges being in abutting relation with each other, and said one segment being supported on the flange of said other segment. 7
5. A holder for a package of yarn for ma ntaining the package of yarn in an immovable condition while the yarn is being withdrawn from the same during a winding operation comprising a spindle, at least two mating segments being pos tioned on said spindle with one segment surrounding the other segment, each of said segments being adapted to engage atleast one different size package of yarn, and each of said segments being provided with tapered wall portions to facilitate the positioning of a package of yarn thereon and to increase the frictional engagement with the package of yarn, said tapered wall portions including outer ends, said ends being tapered toward the spindle to provide a guide surface for readily positioning a package of yarn in proper position.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,160,725 Lanning Nov. 16, 1915 1,234,746 Fish July 31, 1917 2,042,968 Siegenthaler June 2, 1936 2,414,054 McDermott Ian. ,7, 1947 v FOREIGN PATENTS 242,404 Great Britain Dec. 3, 1925
US557999A 1956-01-09 1956-01-09 Package support or holder for indefinite length material Expired - Lifetime US2915260A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5203518A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-04-20 Morgan Arthur C Creel adapter
US5626309A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-06 Morgan; Arthur C. Collar attachments for a creel adapter
US5626302A (en) * 1995-08-28 1997-05-06 Hrobar; Nancy H. Sewing machine cone spool to spindle adapter
EP0844206A1 (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-05-27 SAVIO MACCHINE TESSILI S.p.A. Improved caddy for maintaining packages and tubes in an erect position for their transport and positioning within textile machines

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1160725A (en) * 1912-04-20 1915-11-16 Charles D Lanning Bobbin-clutching spinning-spindle.
US1234746A (en) * 1916-05-02 1917-07-31 Cameragraph Company Roll or spool centering device.
GB242404A (en) * 1924-10-07 1925-11-12 Gas Light & Coke Co Improvements in or relating to rotary scrubbers and washers for use in the manufacture and cleansing of gas and the like
US2042968A (en) * 1934-04-21 1936-06-02 Firm Scharer Nussbaumer & Co Holder for tubular supports for coils of strand materials
US2414054A (en) * 1945-08-17 1947-01-07 American Viscose Corp Winding machine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1160725A (en) * 1912-04-20 1915-11-16 Charles D Lanning Bobbin-clutching spinning-spindle.
US1234746A (en) * 1916-05-02 1917-07-31 Cameragraph Company Roll or spool centering device.
GB242404A (en) * 1924-10-07 1925-11-12 Gas Light & Coke Co Improvements in or relating to rotary scrubbers and washers for use in the manufacture and cleansing of gas and the like
US2042968A (en) * 1934-04-21 1936-06-02 Firm Scharer Nussbaumer & Co Holder for tubular supports for coils of strand materials
US2414054A (en) * 1945-08-17 1947-01-07 American Viscose Corp Winding machine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5203518A (en) * 1991-08-09 1993-04-20 Morgan Arthur C Creel adapter
US5626302A (en) * 1995-08-28 1997-05-06 Hrobar; Nancy H. Sewing machine cone spool to spindle adapter
US5626309A (en) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-06 Morgan; Arthur C. Collar attachments for a creel adapter
EP0844206A1 (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-05-27 SAVIO MACCHINE TESSILI S.p.A. Improved caddy for maintaining packages and tubes in an erect position for their transport and positioning within textile machines
US5954293A (en) * 1996-11-22 1999-09-21 Savio Macchine Tessili S.P.A. Caddy for maintaining packages and tubes in an erect position for their transport and positioning within textile machines

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