US2913415A - Method of inhibiting squawking in mineral oil transmission fluids - Google Patents

Method of inhibiting squawking in mineral oil transmission fluids Download PDF

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US2913415A
US2913415A US562009A US56200956A US2913415A US 2913415 A US2913415 A US 2913415A US 562009 A US562009 A US 562009A US 56200956 A US56200956 A US 56200956A US 2913415 A US2913415 A US 2913415A
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oil
phosphinic acid
acid
squawking
inhibiting
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Howard E Schmitz
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Shell Development Co
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Shell Development Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/083—Dibenzyl sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/061—Metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
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    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
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    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
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    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
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    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to improved coolants and lubricants for use in power or force transmission mechanisms. More particularly this invention relates to mineral lubricating oil compositions for use in an apparatus by means of which mechanical forces are transmitted or absorbed such as in automotive transmissions, hydraulic brakes, clutches, and various other mechanical equipment.
  • a lubricating and cooling power transmission fluid which satisfactorily meets the above requirements, and which consists essentially of a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil containing a minor amount sufficient to prevent chattering or squawking and stabilize the fluid composition, of an oil-soluble monoor di-alkane phosphinic acid containing from 4 to 20, and preferably from 12 to 18, carbon atoms in the alkyl radical which can be straight or branched-chain.
  • Suitable alkane phosphinic acids include oil-soluble straight and branched-chain alkane phosphinic acids and include n-octane phosphinic acid, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphinic acid, dodecane phosphinic acid, pentadecane phosphinic acid, hexadecane phosphinic acid, octadecane phosphinic acid, dinonane phosphinic acid, didecane phosphinic acid, didodecane phosphinic acid, ditetradecane phosphinic acid, dioctadecane phosphinic acid, methylhexadecane phosphinic acid, and butyltetradecane phosphinic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • alkane phosphinic acids can be prepared by a number of suitable means such as described in Kosolapofls Organo Phosphorus Compounds (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1950); Arbuzov (J. Gen. Chem. (U.S.S.R.), 4, 898900 (1934); Kharasch et al. (I. Am. Chem. Soc. 67, 1864 (1954)); and U.S. Patent 2,724,718.
  • the crude product can be recrystallized from acetone to yield a major amount of tetradecane phosphinic acid and a minor amount of ditetradecane phosphinic acid and octacosane phosphinic acids having a melting point of 52.052.4 C.
  • This entiregmixture or the tetradecane phosphinic acid can be-recovered by fractional crystallization from n-heptane, and used as anti-chatter agents in hydraulic fluids or in other lubricents of this invention.
  • oil-soluble alkane phosphinic acids can beused in compositions of this invention in amounts ranging from about 0.001% to about 5% or from 0.001% to 0.5% by weight, and preferably are used between 0.01% and 0.3% by weight.
  • the base oil is a mineral lubricating oil preferably having a high viscosity index and a low pour point.
  • Such an oil can be illustrated by an SAE 10 mineral oil having the following properties:
  • Another suitable base oil is a refined, highly paratfinic transformer oil having the following properties:
  • the viscosity index of the oil can be adjusted when required by addition thereto of a small amount of a viscosity index improver such as polyisobutylene or methacrylate ester polymers such as those sold by Rohm and Haas under the name of Acryloids such as Acryloid 710 which is predominantly a copolymer mixture of octyl and lauryl methacrylates having a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to 20,000 or Acryloid which is predominantly a copolymer mixture of cetyl, lauryl and octyl methacrylates having a molecular weight of about 10,000-l5,000.
  • a viscosity index improver such as polyisobutylene or methacrylate ester polymers such as those sold by Rohm and Haas under the name of Acryloids such as Acryloid 710 which is predominantly a copolymer mixture of octyl and lauryl methacrylates having a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to 20,000 or
  • polymers are sold commercially as 40% concentrate of the polymer in a mineral lubricating oil base, to provide a viscous liquid having a viscosity at 210 F. of from about 600'to 850' centistokes. On an oil-free basis the polymers when used in compositions of this invention vary from 0.001% to 5%.
  • auxiliary additives which can be used in compositions of this invention include phenolic and amine anti-oxidants such as alkyl phenols e.g., diand tri-alkyl phenols, for instance 2,4-, 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,6- and 3,5-diamyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tertbutyl phenol, 2,4-ditertbutyl- 6-methyl phenol; arylamines such as phenyl-u-naphthylamine, phenyl-fi-naphthylamine; fatty acids of from 10 to 20 carbon atoms such as lauric, palmitic or stearic acids and mixtures thereof.
  • auxiliary agents when used in compositions of this invention are employed in amounts of from 0.001% to 10% and preferably between 0.1% and 5%.
  • compositions of the present invention are provided:
  • Balanc Composition F (56.95 SUS at 100 F.) Balanc Composition F:
  • compositions of this invention as non-foaming, non-corrosive, oxidation stable, friction reducing and cooling lubricants and which are effective transmission and brake fluids and lubricants is shown by the data in Table I for six tests I through VI as follows:
  • Corrosion and stability were determined by the copper strip test (I) which consists of heating the test oil at 300 F. for 3 hours with a polished copper strip immersed in the oil. The appearance of the strip at the end of the test is noted.
  • the anti-wear, friction-reducing and squawking inhibiting properties of this invention were determined by use of a modified 4-ball wear tester equipped with an aerostatic thrust bearing and modified by addition of a fiy-wheel to the spindle carrying the rotating steel ball and using an electronic friction recording system, and in which the three lower balls of the 4-ball machine were replaced by a cup holding three discs punched from Dynafiow reverse drum bearing material, and the anti-chatter coefiicient (II) was measured as the friction ratio wherein K is the kinetic coefiicient of friction and S is the static coeflicient of friction.
  • Some of the compo- Transformer oil (56.95 SUS at 100 F.) Balance siuons were road tested in a Buick car equipped with TABLE I I II III
  • Dynaflow transmission (III). The eflfectiveness of compositions of this invention as brake fluids was determined (a) in a modified 4-ball machine (IV) using rotating steel top balls and organic resinous discs as used in clutch plates and (b) in a 25,000 mile road test (V) using a car equipped with brakes containing steel and organic resinous clutch plates and provided with compositions of this invention to provide lubrication, cooling and prevention of noise (squeal).
  • Foaming (VI) was determined by the CRC-L-12 foam test.
  • compositions of this invention which can pass the above tests include SAE 10 to SAE 30 motor oils, turbine oil, transformer oil or other refined mineral oils containing from 0.01% to 0.3% by weight of di-Z-ethylhexyl phosphinic acid, or dodecane phosphinic acid, or didecane phosphinic acid, or didodecane phosphinic acid.
  • To these compositions can be added minor amounts of from 0.01% to 5% of 2,4-ditertiary butyl-6-methyl phenol, phenyl-wnaphthylamine, stearic acid and/or methacrylate polymer such as Acryloid 150 or 710.
  • Compositions of this invention may also include minor amounts of from 0.001% and 5% and preferably from 0.01% to 0.2% of a foam inhibitor, such as silicone liquids, e.g., dimethyl silicone polymers, fluoro organic compounds (fiuoro paraflins); corrosion inhibitors, e.g., Zn dithiocyclohexyl phosphate; detergents, e.g., petroleum sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, e.g., Ca or Ba petroleum sulfonate or alkylphenol sulfonate; extreme pressure agents, e.g., sulfurized terpenes; anti-wear agents, e.g., dibenzyl disulfide and the like.
  • a foam inhibitor such as silicone liquids, e.g., dimethyl silicone polymers, fluoro organic compounds (fiuoro paraflins); corrosion inhibitors, e.g., Zn dithiocyclohexyl phosphat

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

United States Patent "ice METHOD OF INHIBITING SQUAWKING IN MIN- ERAL OIL TRANSMISSION FLUIDS Howard E. Schmitz, Walnut Creek, Calif., assignor to Shell Development Company, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application January 30, 1956 Serial No.'562,009
5 Claims. (Cl. 25278) This invention pertains to improved coolants and lubricants for use in power or force transmission mechanisms. More particularly this invention relates to mineral lubricating oil compositions for use in an apparatus by means of which mechanical forces are transmitted or absorbed such as in automotive transmissions, hydraulic brakes, clutches, and various other mechanical equipment.
In simple power transmitting mechanisms such as torque converters, among the variousfunctions of the fluid employed therein is that of a heat transfer medium. However, in the more complicated automotive transmissions, fluid brake mechanisms and the like which also contain wet clutches, planetary gears and hydraulic con trol mechanisms, additional problems involving adequate cooling and lubrication are involved. Rigorous requirements have been set up to qualify fluids for this service. These include wide temperature stability at both high and low temperatures and a pour point of -30 F. maximum to insure proper pumpability and fluidity at low temperatures. The fluid must not have a detrimental efiect on parts with which it comes in contact such as metal surfaces e.g., copper and solid organic surfaces such as organic resins and the like. excellent anti-frictional and extreme pressure characteristics to afford proper lubrication of gears, clutch plates and other parts of automotive equipment. Also, the fluid must not cause chattering, squawking, squealing or produce other noises caused by the stick-slip phenomenon of clutch plates or other parts of these mechanisms.
Now, in accordance with the present invention, a lubricating and cooling power transmission fluid is provided, which satisfactorily meets the above requirements, and which consists essentially of a major amount of a mineral lubricating oil containing a minor amount sufficient to prevent chattering or squawking and stabilize the fluid composition, of an oil-soluble monoor di-alkane phosphinic acid containing from 4 to 20, and preferably from 12 to 18, carbon atoms in the alkyl radical which can be straight or branched-chain.
Suitable alkane phosphinic acids include oil-soluble straight and branched-chain alkane phosphinic acids and include n-octane phosphinic acid, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphinic acid, dodecane phosphinic acid, pentadecane phosphinic acid, hexadecane phosphinic acid, octadecane phosphinic acid, dinonane phosphinic acid, didecane phosphinic acid, didodecane phosphinic acid, ditetradecane phosphinic acid, dioctadecane phosphinic acid, methylhexadecane phosphinic acid, and butyltetradecane phosphinic acid, and mixtures thereof.
The alkane phosphinic acids can be prepared by a number of suitable means such as described in Kosolapofls Organo Phosphorus Compounds (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1950); Arbuzov (J. Gen. Chem. (U.S.S.R.), 4, 898900 (1934); Kharasch et al. (I. Am. Chem. Soc. 67, 1864 (1954)); and U.S. Patent 2,724,718.
The following examples will serve to illustrate method of preparing additives of this invention:
The fluid must possess 2,913,415 Patented Nov. 17, 19 59 EXAMPLE I Octane phosphinic acid About equimols of sodium hypophosphite and 1-octene Were added to methanol containing a catalytic amount of 2,2-bis(tert.-butyl peroxy) butane and the mixture reacted in an enclosed pressure-resistant vessel at a temperature of about C. to C. for about two hours under agitation. At the end of the reaction, a single liquid phase was observed which was sodium octane phosphinate dissolved in the methanol; acidification yielded octane phosphinic acid, C8H17PH(0)OH- EXAMPLE II Tetradecane phosphinic acid About equimols of sodium hypophosphite and l-tetradecent were added to methanol containing a catalytic amount of 2,2-bis(tert.-butyl peroxy)butane and the mixture reacted in an enclosed pressure-resistant vessel at around 210 C. At the end of the reaction the product was acidified as above, Water-washed and the organic phase was dried. The crude product can be recrystallized from acetone to yield a major amount of tetradecane phosphinic acid and a minor amount of ditetradecane phosphinic acid and octacosane phosphinic acids having a melting point of 52.052.4 C. This entiregmixture or the tetradecane phosphinic acid can be-recovered by fractional crystallization from n-heptane, and used as anti-chatter agents in hydraulic fluids or in other lubricents of this invention. Y
The oil-soluble alkane phosphinic acids can beused in compositions of this invention in amounts ranging from about 0.001% to about 5% or from 0.001% to 0.5% by weight, and preferably are used between 0.01% and 0.3% by weight.
The base oil is a mineral lubricating oil preferably having a high viscosity index and a low pour point. Such an oil can be illustrated by an SAE 10 mineral oil having the following properties:
Another suitable base oil is a refined, highly paratfinic transformer oil having the following properties:
Gr., APT
30.9 Color 30 Visc., SUS, at 100 F 56.9 Flash, COC, F 290 Fire, COC, F 320 Pour point, F Below 70 The oil can be obtained from various crudes such as Pennsylvania, Mid-Continent, Gulf Coast and California crudes.
The viscosity index of the oil can be adjusted when required by addition thereto of a small amount of a viscosity index improver such as polyisobutylene or methacrylate ester polymers such as those sold by Rohm and Haas under the name of Acryloids such as Acryloid 710 which is predominantly a copolymer mixture of octyl and lauryl methacrylates having a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to 20,000 or Acryloid which is predominantly a copolymer mixture of cetyl, lauryl and octyl methacrylates having a molecular weight of about 10,000-l5,000. These polymers are sold commercially as 40% concentrate of the polymer in a mineral lubricating oil base, to provide a viscous liquid having a viscosity at 210 F. of from about 600'to 850' centistokes. On an oil-free basis the polymers when used in compositions of this invention vary from 0.001% to 5%.
Other auxiliary additives which can be used in compositions of this invention include phenolic and amine anti-oxidants such as alkyl phenols e.g., diand tri-alkyl phenols, for instance 2,4-, 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,6- and 3,5-diamyl phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-tertbutyl phenol, 2,4-ditertbutyl- 6-methyl phenol; arylamines such as phenyl-u-naphthylamine, phenyl-fi-naphthylamine; fatty acids of from 10 to 20 carbon atoms such as lauric, palmitic or stearic acids and mixtures thereof. These auxiliary agents when used in compositions of this invention are employed in amounts of from 0.001% to 10% and preferably between 0.1% and 5%.
The following compositions illustrate compositions of the present invention:
Transformer oil (56.95 SUS at 100 F.) Balanc Composition F:
Octadecane phosphinic acid 0.1
4 Composition G:
Tetradecane phosphinic acid 0.1 Stearic acid 0.1
Transformer oil (56.95 SUS at 100 F.) Balance Composition H:
The superiority of compositions of this invention as non-foaming, non-corrosive, oxidation stable, friction reducing and cooling lubricants and which are effective transmission and brake fluids and lubricants is shown by the data in Table I for six tests I through VI as follows:
Corrosion and stability were determined by the copper strip test (I) which consists of heating the test oil at 300 F. for 3 hours with a polished copper strip immersed in the oil. The appearance of the strip at the end of the test is noted. The anti-wear, friction-reducing and squawking inhibiting properties of this invention were determined by use of a modified 4-ball wear tester equipped with an aerostatic thrust bearing and modified by addition of a fiy-wheel to the spindle carrying the rotating steel ball and using an electronic friction recording system, and in which the three lower balls of the 4-ball machine were replaced by a cup holding three discs punched from Dynafiow reverse drum bearing material, and the anti-chatter coefiicient (II) was measured as the friction ratio wherein K is the kinetic coefiicient of friction and S is the static coeflicient of friction. Some of the compo- Transformer oil (56.95 SUS at 100 F.) Balance siuons were road tested in a Buick car equipped with TABLE I I II III IV V VI t-Ball Friction, Noise 25,000
(or squealing) Mile Road Test in Car Equipped Road ith Chatter Test Brakes Cu Corroi-Ball (1951 Buick Containin Test sion and (Anti- Equipped Steel and CRC-L-12 Stability chatter With Organic Foam Test Test Friction Dynafiow Resinous Ratios) Transmis- Kinetic 1) Static Clutch sion) Plates (Noise or squealing, l0None, or Perfect, 0Poor) Composition A. 8+ Passed Composition B. 8+ 0 Composition 0. 8+ Do Composition D--- 8+ Do Composition Em- 8+ Do Composition 11... 8+ Do Composition C... 8+ Do Composition 8+ Do Composition I .410 8+ Do SAE 10 mineral o1l+0.1% octadecane Moderate-.-
hosphonic acid. S E mineral oil+0.1% P:S5Cl1lorinat- 14 Severe ed sperm oil reaction product. SAERIO mineral oll+0.1% tribntyl phos- -2 p e. SAE tit) mineral oi1+1% tributyl phos 0 p a e. Slug g0 mineral oil+1% tricresyl phos- 11 a e. SEE 10 mineral oil Failed.-- 6 Severe .111 .103 1 Failed. 250 neutral (HVI) mineral oil do.-. 6 -do 111 103 Buick Dynaflow fluid i 1 Properties of Buick Dynaflow fluid:
Gr, API 28.3 Fire point, F 420 Vis., 100 F., SUS 177. 6 Pour point, F--. -40 Vis., 210 F., SUS 49.5 Sap. No 9.2
Fla 0 sh p int, F s TA N-E 0.1 1 Static coefilcient of friction (fit) must be si cantly lower than kinetic coefiieient of friction (1.).
Dynaflow transmission (III). The eflfectiveness of compositions of this invention as brake fluids was determined (a) in a modified 4-ball machine (IV) using rotating steel top balls and organic resinous discs as used in clutch plates and (b) in a 25,000 mile road test (V) using a car equipped with brakes containing steel and organic resinous clutch plates and provided with compositions of this invention to provide lubrication, cooling and prevention of noise (squeal). Foaming (VI) was determined by the CRC-L-12 foam test.
Other compositions of this invention which can pass the above tests include SAE 10 to SAE 30 motor oils, turbine oil, transformer oil or other refined mineral oils containing from 0.01% to 0.3% by weight of di-Z-ethylhexyl phosphinic acid, or dodecane phosphinic acid, or didecane phosphinic acid, or didodecane phosphinic acid. To these compositions can be added minor amounts of from 0.01% to 5% of 2,4-ditertiary butyl-6-methyl phenol, phenyl-wnaphthylamine, stearic acid and/or methacrylate polymer such as Acryloid 150 or 710.
Compositions of this invention may also include minor amounts of from 0.001% and 5% and preferably from 0.01% to 0.2% of a foam inhibitor, such as silicone liquids, e.g., dimethyl silicone polymers, fluoro organic compounds (fiuoro paraflins); corrosion inhibitors, e.g., Zn dithiocyclohexyl phosphate; detergents, e.g., petroleum sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, e.g., Ca or Ba petroleum sulfonate or alkylphenol sulfonate; extreme pressure agents, e.g., sulfurized terpenes; anti-wear agents, e.g., dibenzyl disulfide and the like.
This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Serial No. 260,937, filed December 10, 1951, which has been abandoned.
I claim as my invention:
1. A process of inhibiting squawking, chattering and squealing in power transmissions operated on mineral 6 lubricating oil by addition thereto of from about 0.001% to about 1% by weight of an oil-soluble mono-alkane phosphinic acid, said alkane radical having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms and from about 0.001% to about 1% of a fatty acid selected from the group consisting of lauric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the oil-soluble monoalkane phosphinic acid is tetradecane phosphinic acid.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the oil-soluble monoalkane phosphinic acid is octadecane phosphinic acid.
4. A process of inhibiting squawking, chattering and squealing in power transmissions operated on mineral lubricating oil by addition thereto of from about 0.1% to about 1% by Weight each of tetradecane phosphinic acid and a saturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of lauric acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid.
5. A process of inhibiting squawking, chattering and squealing in power transmissions operated on mineral lubricating oil by addition thereto of from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight each of tetradecane phosphinic acid and stearic acid.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,137,792 Woodstock Nov. 22, 1938 2,174,019 Sullivan Sept. 26, 1939 2,311,306 Ritchey Feb. 16, 1943 2,724,718 Stiles et al. Nov. 22, 1955 2,739,978 Gamrath Mar. 27, 1956 2,753,368 Watson et a1 July 3, 1956 2,792,374 Bradley May 14, 1957 2,851,421 Manteuifel Sept. 9, 1958

Claims (1)

1. A PROCESS OF INHIBITING SQUAWKING CHATTERING AND SQUEALING IN POWER TRANSMISSION OPERATED ON MINERAL LUBRICATING OIL BY ADDITION THERETO OF FROM ABOUT 0.001% TO ABOUT 1% BY WEIGHT OF AN OIL-SOLUBLE MONO-ALKANE% PHOSPHINIC ACID, SAID ALKANE RADICL HAVING FROM 4 TO 20 CARBON ATOMSA AND FROM ABOUT 0.001% OF ABOUT 1% OF A FATTY ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF LAURIC ACID, PALMITIC ACID, AND STEARIC ACID.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2982734A (en) * 1957-06-14 1961-05-02 Shell Oil Co Power transmission mineral oil base fluid
US3206407A (en) * 1961-11-20 1965-09-14 Shell Oil Co Organic functional fluids and lubricants containing polymeric s-triazines
US3274113A (en) * 1963-08-28 1966-09-20 Sun Oil Co Oxidation resistant hydraulic oil
US3429820A (en) * 1966-06-06 1969-02-25 Texaco Inc Power steering process and lubricating composition
WO1988001272A2 (en) 1986-08-14 1988-02-25 The Lubrizol Corporation Borated amine salts of monothiophosphoric acids

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2137792A (en) * 1936-09-12 1938-11-22 Victor Chemical Works Organic phosphorus-containing compounds
US2174019A (en) * 1936-11-27 1939-09-26 Standard Oil Co Lubricant
US2311306A (en) * 1940-08-20 1943-02-16 Union Oil Co Phosphonic acids
US2724718A (en) * 1948-04-12 1955-11-22 Shell Dev Preparation of phosphorus-containing organic compounds
US2739978A (en) * 1950-11-06 1956-03-27 Monsanto Chemicals Dialkyl monoaryl esters of orthophosphoric acid
US2753368A (en) * 1950-11-13 1956-07-03 Shell Dev Higher alkyl esters of phosphonic acids
US2792374A (en) * 1953-01-14 1957-05-14 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Aqueous defoamants
US2851421A (en) * 1951-08-07 1958-09-09 Pure Oil Co Power transmission fluids

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2137792A (en) * 1936-09-12 1938-11-22 Victor Chemical Works Organic phosphorus-containing compounds
US2174019A (en) * 1936-11-27 1939-09-26 Standard Oil Co Lubricant
US2311306A (en) * 1940-08-20 1943-02-16 Union Oil Co Phosphonic acids
US2724718A (en) * 1948-04-12 1955-11-22 Shell Dev Preparation of phosphorus-containing organic compounds
US2739978A (en) * 1950-11-06 1956-03-27 Monsanto Chemicals Dialkyl monoaryl esters of orthophosphoric acid
US2753368A (en) * 1950-11-13 1956-07-03 Shell Dev Higher alkyl esters of phosphonic acids
US2851421A (en) * 1951-08-07 1958-09-09 Pure Oil Co Power transmission fluids
US2792374A (en) * 1953-01-14 1957-05-14 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Aqueous defoamants

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2982734A (en) * 1957-06-14 1961-05-02 Shell Oil Co Power transmission mineral oil base fluid
US3206407A (en) * 1961-11-20 1965-09-14 Shell Oil Co Organic functional fluids and lubricants containing polymeric s-triazines
US3274113A (en) * 1963-08-28 1966-09-20 Sun Oil Co Oxidation resistant hydraulic oil
US3429820A (en) * 1966-06-06 1969-02-25 Texaco Inc Power steering process and lubricating composition
WO1988001272A2 (en) 1986-08-14 1988-02-25 The Lubrizol Corporation Borated amine salts of monothiophosphoric acids

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