US2898296A - Process for forming a grease containing metal salt of mono and dicarboxylic acids - Google Patents

Process for forming a grease containing metal salt of mono and dicarboxylic acids Download PDF

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US2898296A
US2898296A US605726A US60572656A US2898296A US 2898296 A US2898296 A US 2898296A US 605726 A US605726 A US 605726A US 60572656 A US60572656 A US 60572656A US 2898296 A US2898296 A US 2898296A
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grease
percent
fatty acid
metal salt
thickener
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Warren C Pattenden
Lorne W Sproule
James H Norton
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/22—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/043—Siloxanes with specific structure containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/044—Siloxanes with specific structure containing silicon-to-hydrogen bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to greases and grease thickeners and methods of their preparation. Particularly, it relates to a grease thickener which isa soap of a fatty acid and a salt of a dicarboxylic acid and to the method of preparing said grease thickener.
  • Salts of dicarboxylic acids are known to have high melting points but are usually so indispersible in mineral oil that they have found little use in grease manufacture.
  • excellent grease thickeners can be prepared in a lubricating oil base from a mixture of fatty acid soap and the metal salt of a dicarboxylic acid, which salt is obtained by saponification of the diester of the dicarboxylic acid.
  • These thickeners may be prepared by neutralizing a mixture of a fatty acid and a synthetic ester of a dibasic acid with a metal base in either a mineral oil or synthetic oil menstruum. Greases thickened with this new thickener are homogeneous in appearance and have exceptionally high dropping points.
  • the synthetic diesters useful in this invention are those formed by the reaction of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol. These diesters will have the general formula:
  • ROOC-(CH2)ICOOR1 wherein R and R are alkyl radicals of either straightchain or branched-chain aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohols containing about 1 to 22, e.g. 1 to carbon atoms per molecule, and x is a number of from about 0 to 20, e.g. 4 to 8.
  • the diester molecule will contain a total of about 4 to 64, e.g. 6 to 28 carbon atoms.
  • diesters prepared from Oxo alcohols which are an isomeric mixture of highly branched-chain primary alcohols prepared'by'the 0x0 process, which is well known in the art.
  • the fatty acids useful in carrying out the invention are those fatty acids which are commonly used in preparing grease thickeners. These aliphatic, monocarboxylic acids may be saturated or unsaturated, straight or branchedchain, and may be hydroxy substituted. Generally, they will have about 6 to 30, e.g. 10 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule.
  • Metal bases of any of the metals commonly used in making grease thickeners may be used in this invention.
  • Generally used are the alkali metal and the alkaline earth metal hydroxides or oxides. These may be used in the form of a hydrate or a water solution thereof.
  • the menstruum for preparing the thickener may be a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, or a synthetic diester oil of the type used to form the thickener.
  • the menstruum is a synthetic diester oil
  • only a portion of the synthetic diester is converted into the thickener, depending upon the amount of alkali which is used.
  • the grease thickener is formed by the reaction of the metal base with the diester and the fatty acid, then additional e CC tional amounts of any of the other known synthetic'oils,
  • the grease composition of the invention will consist of a major proportion, such as 60 to 95 wt. percent, e.g. to 93 wt. percent, Olf a lubricating oil and a thickening amount, such as about 5 to 40 wt. percent, exg. 7 to 25 wt. percent of the grease thickener.
  • the grease thickener comprises about 20 to wt. percent, e.g. 30 to 70 wt. percent of the fatty acid soap and about 80 to 20 wt. percent. e.g. 70 to 30 wt. percent, of the dicarboxylic acid salt.
  • the grease cooking temperature is generally determined by the boiling point of the alcohol formed by the saponification of the diester. The presence of too much alcohol in the final grease reduces the yield and dropping point appreciably. It is therefore desirable to cook the grease sufficiently to remove substantially all of the alcohol which is formed. Generally used are temperatures of about 300 to 500 F., e.g.300 to 400 F.
  • the mixture is heated for a period of time sufiicient to neutralize the acids, form the thickener, and to evaporate the alcohol formed by the saponification of the diester. This period of time will generally be about 5 to 120 minutes, e.g. 10 to 30 minutes.
  • Additional lubricating oil and additives may be added to form the final grease product.
  • the grease may then be homogenized through a Manton-Gaulin homogenizer or a similar type of homogenizer, and packaged.
  • a grease was prepared by mixing 10 grams of stearic acid and 10 grams of di-Z-ethyl hexyl sebacate (equivalent to 4.8 grams of sebacic acid) with 80 grams of a mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity at F. of 300 S.U.S. and a V1. of 70. 3.6 grams of LiOH-H O were added and the mixture was then heated to a temperature of about 400 F and maintained at this temperature for about 15 minutes. The Z-ethylhexanol which formed during the reaction was driven off almost as rapidly as it formed. The grease was then cooled and inspected.
  • Stearic Acid 10.0- 10.0 100 Jerusalem 10.0 10.0 10.0.
  • Ucon LB-1800X is a water-insoluble polyalkylene glycol type of lubricating fluid which is predominantly polypropylene glycol, and has a viscosity at 100 F. of 1,800 SUS 2 Dow Corning Silicone Fluid 550 is a phenyl methyl polysiloxane having a flash point of 575 F. and a viscosity at 25 C. of
  • the greases of the invention had very high dropping points of from 479 F. to above 540 F. and formed homogeneous products.
  • the grease formed by the neutralization of the stearic acid and sebacic acid had a dropping point of only 360 F. and contained many undispersed particles.
  • oxidation inhibitors such as oxidation inhibitors, dyes, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, deodorants, and so forth, as understood by those skilled in the art.
  • a method of preparing a lubricating grease composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a thickening amount of a thickener comprising about to 80 wt. percent of a metal soap of a fatty acid and about 80 to 20 wt.
  • a metal salt of a dicarboxylic acid which comprises heating a mixture of (1) a fatty acid having about 6 to 30 carbon atoms per molecule, (2) a diester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol, said diester containing about 4 to 64 carbon atoms per molecule, and (3) a metal base in a lubricating oil menstruum, for a time and temperature sufficient to form a metal salt of said dicarboxylic acid and metal soap of said fatty acid, and to drive ofi substantially all the alcohol which forms during said reaction, then cooling said mixture to obtain said grease composition.
  • said metal base is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal bases and alkaline earth metal bases and mixtures thereof.
  • a process according to claim 1, wherein said lubrieating grease composition comprises about 60 to 95 wt.
  • a process for preparing a lubricating grease composition which comprises heating a mixture of (1) a metal base selected from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, (2) a fatty acid containing between about 10 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule, and (3) an aliphatic monohydric alcohol diester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing between about 6 and 28 carbon atoms per molecule, in a lubricating oil menstruum, to a temperature conducive to form a thickener and to drive off substantially all the alcohol which forms during the formation of said thickener, said thickener comprising about 20 to wt. percent of a fatty acid soap, and 80 to 20 wt. percent of dicarboxylic acid salt.

Description

United States Fatent PROCESS FOR FORMING'A GREASE CONTAINING METAL SALT OF MONO AND DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS Warren C. Pattenden, Courtright, Ontario, Lorne W. Sproule, Sarnia, Ontario, and James H. Norton, Corunna, Ontario, Canada, assignors to Esso Research and Engineering Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application August 23, 1956 Serial No. 605,726
Claims. (Cl. 25232) This invention relates to greases and grease thickeners and methods of their preparation. Particularly, it relates to a grease thickener which isa soap of a fatty acid and a salt of a dicarboxylic acid and to the method of preparing said grease thickener.
Salts of dicarboxylic acids are known to have high melting points but are usually so indispersible in mineral oil that they have found little use in grease manufacture. However, it has now been found that excellent grease thickeners can be prepared in a lubricating oil base from a mixture of fatty acid soap and the metal salt of a dicarboxylic acid, which salt is obtained by saponification of the diester of the dicarboxylic acid. These thickeners may be prepared by neutralizing a mixture of a fatty acid and a synthetic ester of a dibasic acid with a metal base in either a mineral oil or synthetic oil menstruum. Greases thickened with this new thickener are homogeneous in appearance and have exceptionally high dropping points.
r The synthetic diesters useful in this invention are those formed by the reaction of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol. These diesters will have the general formula:
ROOC-(CH2)ICOOR1 wherein R and R are alkyl radicals of either straightchain or branched-chain aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohols containing about 1 to 22, e.g. 1 to carbon atoms per molecule, and x is a number of from about 0 to 20, e.g. 4 to 8. The diester molecule will contain a total of about 4 to 64, e.g. 6 to 28 carbon atoms. Also included arediesters prepared from Oxo alcohols, which are an isomeric mixture of highly branched-chain primary alcohols prepared'by'the 0x0 process, which is well known in the art.
The fatty acids useful in carrying out the invention are those fatty acids which are commonly used in preparing grease thickeners. These aliphatic, monocarboxylic acids may be saturated or unsaturated, straight or branchedchain, and may be hydroxy substituted. Generally, they will have about 6 to 30, e.g. 10 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule.
Metal bases of any of the metals commonly used in making grease thickeners may be used in this invention. Generally used are the alkali metal and the alkaline earth metal hydroxides or oxides. These may be used in the form of a hydrate or a water solution thereof.
The menstruum for preparing the thickener may be a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, or a synthetic diester oil of the type used to form the thickener. When the menstruum is a synthetic diester oil, only a portion of the synthetic diester is converted into the thickener, depending upon the amount of alkali which is used. After the grease thickener is formed by the reaction of the metal base with the diester and the fatty acid, then additional e CC tional amounts of any of the other known synthetic'oils,
may be added to form the final grease composition.
In general, the grease composition of the invention will consist of a major proportion, such as 60 to 95 wt. percent, e.g. to 93 wt. percent, Olf a lubricating oil and a thickening amount, such as about 5 to 40 wt. percent, exg. 7 to 25 wt. percent of the grease thickener. The grease thickener, in turn, comprises about 20 to wt. percent, e.g. 30 to 70 wt. percent of the fatty acid soap and about 80 to 20 wt. percent. e.g. 70 to 30 wt. percent, of the dicarboxylic acid salt.
The grease cooking temperature is generally determined by the boiling point of the alcohol formed by the saponification of the diester. The presence of too much alcohol in the final grease reduces the yield and dropping point appreciably. It is therefore desirable to cook the grease sufficiently to remove substantially all of the alcohol which is formed. Generally used are temperatures of about 300 to 500 F., e.g.300 to 400 F.
Lower temperatures could be used if the alcohol was removed under reduced pressure. The mixture is heated for a period of time sufiicient to neutralize the acids, form the thickener, and to evaporate the alcohol formed by the saponification of the diester. This period of time will generally be about 5 to 120 minutes, e.g. 10 to 30 minutes.
Additional lubricating oil and additives may be added to form the final grease product. The grease may then be homogenized through a Manton-Gaulin homogenizer or a similar type of homogenizer, and packaged.
The invention will be better understood by the following illustrations which include the preferred embodiments of the invention.
In order to show that the salt of a dibasic acid and the soap of a fatty acid does not form the same type of thickener as the saponifiedmixture of a fatty acid and diester, the following experiment was made.
of the lithium sebacate as coarse visible particles. At-
tempts to disperse or redisperse the salt of the dicarboxylic acid, once it had separated into'the grainy state,
have been unsuccessful, even whenthe grease was heated to 500 F. Since the. dropping point of'lithium stearat'e" grease is about 370 F., it is apparent that little or no lithium sebacate has been codispersed with the soap.
EXAMPLE I A grease was prepared by mixing 10 grams of stearic acid and 10 grams of di-Z-ethyl hexyl sebacate (equivalent to 4.8 grams of sebacic acid) with 80 grams of a mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity at F. of 300 S.U.S. and a V1. of 70. 3.6 grams of LiOH-H O were added and the mixture was then heated to a temperature of about 400 F and maintained at this temperature for about 15 minutes. The Z-ethylhexanol which formed during the reaction was driven off almost as rapidly as it formed. The grease was then cooled and inspected.
EXAMPLES II TO VI Additional greases were prepared in the manner described in Examplel using the ingredients as noted in the following table. The compositions of the greases of Examples I through VI, and their characteristics, are shown in the following table.
Table 1 Example Number I II III IV V VI Composition in grams:
Stearic Acid 10.0- 10.0 100...... 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0.
Sebacic Acid- 4.8-
Dl-Z'ethyI hexyl sebacatc 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0.
Di-Z-ethyl hexyl adipato- 10.0- 10.0
LiOH-HgO 3.6- 3. 3.9- 4.0 4.0- 4.0.
Mineral Oil (Viscosity at 100 F. 80.0 80.0 51.0 80.0 20.0
300 SUS; VI. 70).
Ucon LB-lSOOX 1 80.0
Di-Z-ethyl hexyl adipate (as oil) 60.0
Dow Corning Silicone Fluid 550 Y 76.0. Inspections:
ASTM penetration-77 F 320 250 220 270 AS'IM wkd. penetration 77 F Wt 265 265 310 340 am 250.
ASTM Dropping Point, F 360 500 500+ 485 479 500+ 540+.
Appearance Many Un- Homogc- Homoge Homoge- Homoge- Homoge- Homogedispersed ncous. ncous neous ncous. neous neous. Particles.
Ucon LB-1800X is a water-insoluble polyalkylene glycol type of lubricating fluid which is predominantly polypropylene glycol, and has a viscosity at 100 F. of 1,800 SUS 2 Dow Corning Silicone Fluid 550 is a phenyl methyl polysiloxane having a flash point of 575 F. and a viscosity at 25 C. of
about 100 to 150 centistokes.
As seen from the above table, the greases of the invention had very high dropping points of from 479 F. to above 540 F. and formed homogeneous products. However, the grease formed by the neutralization of the stearic acid and sebacic acid had a dropping point of only 360 F. and contained many undispersed particles.
Various other additives may be added to the grease composition of the invention, such as oxidation inhibitors, dyes, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, deodorants, and so forth, as understood by those skilled in the art.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of preparing a lubricating grease composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a thickening amount of a thickener comprising about to 80 wt. percent of a metal soap of a fatty acid and about 80 to 20 wt. percent of a metal salt of a dicarboxylic acid, which comprises heating a mixture of (1) a fatty acid having about 6 to 30 carbon atoms per molecule, (2) a diester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol, said diester containing about 4 to 64 carbon atoms per molecule, and (3) a metal base in a lubricating oil menstruum, for a time and temperature sufficient to form a metal salt of said dicarboxylic acid and metal soap of said fatty acid, and to drive ofi substantially all the alcohol which forms during said reaction, then cooling said mixture to obtain said grease composition.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein said metal base is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal bases and alkaline earth metal bases and mixtures thereof.
3. A process according to claim 1, wherein said lubrieating grease composition comprises about 60 to 95 wt.
percent of a lubricating oil and about 40 to 5.0 wt. percent of said thickener.
4. A process according to claim 1, wherein said mixture is heated to a temperature of about 300 to 500 F. for a time of about 5 to 125 minutes.
5. A process for preparing a lubricating grease composition which comprises heating a mixture of (1) a metal base selected from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, (2) a fatty acid containing between about 10 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule, and (3) an aliphatic monohydric alcohol diester of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing between about 6 and 28 carbon atoms per molecule, in a lubricating oil menstruum, to a temperature conducive to form a thickener and to drive off substantially all the alcohol which forms during the formation of said thickener, said thickener comprising about 20 to wt. percent of a fatty acid soap, and 80 to 20 wt. percent of dicarboxylic acid salt.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims (1)

1. A METHOD OF PREPARING A LUBRICATING GREASE COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR PROPORTION OF A LUBRICATING OIL AND A THICKENING AMOUNT OF A THICKENER COMPRISING ABOUT 20 TO 80 WT. PERCENT OF A METAL SOAP OF A FATTY ACID AND ABOUT 80 TO 20 WT. PERCENT OF A METAL SALT OF A DICARBOXYLIC ACID, WHICH COMPRISES HEATING A MIXTURE OF (1) A FATTY ACID HAVING ABOUT 6 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE, (2) A DIESTER OF AN ALIPHATIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID AND A MONOHYDRIC ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL, SAID DIESTER CONTAINING ABOUT 4 TO 64 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE, AND (3) A METAL BASE IN A LUBRICATING OIL MENSTRUUM, FOR A TIME AND TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO FORM A METAL SALT OF SAID DICARBOXYLIC ACID AND METAL SOAP OF SAID FATTY ACID, AND TO DRIVE OF SUBSTANTIALLY ALL THE ALCOHOL WHICH FORMS DURING SAID REACTION THEN COOLING SAID MIXTURE TO OBTAIN SAID GREASE COMPOSITION.
US605726A 1956-08-23 1956-08-23 Process for forming a grease containing metal salt of mono and dicarboxylic acids Expired - Lifetime US2898296A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389084A (en) * 1965-10-29 1968-06-18 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricating grease containing odd and even-numbered fatty acids
US3389085A (en) * 1964-03-31 1968-06-18 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricants containing mixed metal salts of mono- and polybasic acids
DE1297796B (en) * 1962-12-07 1969-06-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Grease
US3909426A (en) * 1973-10-03 1975-09-30 Mobil Oil Corp Extreme pressure grease composition
US3985662A (en) * 1975-02-28 1976-10-12 Exxon Research And Engineering Company High dropping point greases comprising a lithium soap of an epoxy-substituted and/or an ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid
US4410435A (en) * 1979-08-16 1983-10-18 Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Lithium complex grease and its producing method
US9976101B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2018-05-22 Nch Corporation Method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents
US9976102B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2018-05-22 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using alkali metal hydroxide and delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents
CN108559594A (en) * 2018-05-24 2018-09-21 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of high-performance complex lithium base grease and its preparation process improving dropping point and additive response
US10087388B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-10-02 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate and calcium magnesium sulfonate greases using a delay after addition of facilitating acid
US10087391B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-10-02 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases without a conventional non-aqueous converting agent
US10087387B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-10-02 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases
US10316266B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2019-06-11 Nch Corporation Calcium hydroxyapatite based calcium sulfonate grease compositions and method of manufacture
US10392577B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2019-08-27 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing overbased sulfonate modified lithium carboxylate grease
US10519393B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2019-12-31 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases
DE102021133469B3 (en) 2021-12-16 2022-08-25 Fuchs Petrolub Se Process for preparing lithium complex soap and lithium calcium complex soap greases
US11661563B2 (en) 2020-02-11 2023-05-30 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing and using extremely rheopectic sulfonate-based greases

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US2363514A (en) * 1942-12-03 1944-11-28 Standard Oil Co California Lubricating oils and the like
US2528373A (en) * 1949-01-21 1950-10-31 Texas Co Alkenyl succinic acid grease
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US2699428A (en) * 1949-12-19 1955-01-11 Witco Chemical Corp Oil soluble soap of polycarboxylic acids
US2722516A (en) * 1951-03-27 1955-11-01 Robert L Merker Grease compositions containing an antirust
US2769781A (en) * 1951-09-19 1956-11-06 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Kettle-cooled lithium stearate grease containing an aliphatic monohydric alcohol
US2801220A (en) * 1954-07-06 1957-07-30 Baker Castor Oil Co Production of lubricating greases from monohydric alcohol esters of hydroxy fatty acids

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US2294526A (en) * 1941-05-22 1942-09-01 Tide Water Associated Oil Comp Stabilized mineral oil composition
US2363514A (en) * 1942-12-03 1944-11-28 Standard Oil Co California Lubricating oils and the like
US2528373A (en) * 1949-01-21 1950-10-31 Texas Co Alkenyl succinic acid grease
US2583607A (en) * 1949-07-01 1952-01-29 Honorary Advisory Council Sci Complex soap greases
US2699428A (en) * 1949-12-19 1955-01-11 Witco Chemical Corp Oil soluble soap of polycarboxylic acids
US2722516A (en) * 1951-03-27 1955-11-01 Robert L Merker Grease compositions containing an antirust
US2769781A (en) * 1951-09-19 1956-11-06 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Kettle-cooled lithium stearate grease containing an aliphatic monohydric alcohol
US2801220A (en) * 1954-07-06 1957-07-30 Baker Castor Oil Co Production of lubricating greases from monohydric alcohol esters of hydroxy fatty acids

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1297796B (en) * 1962-12-07 1969-06-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Grease
US3389085A (en) * 1964-03-31 1968-06-18 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricants containing mixed metal salts of mono- and polybasic acids
US3389084A (en) * 1965-10-29 1968-06-18 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricating grease containing odd and even-numbered fatty acids
US3909426A (en) * 1973-10-03 1975-09-30 Mobil Oil Corp Extreme pressure grease composition
US3985662A (en) * 1975-02-28 1976-10-12 Exxon Research And Engineering Company High dropping point greases comprising a lithium soap of an epoxy-substituted and/or an ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid
US4410435A (en) * 1979-08-16 1983-10-18 Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Lithium complex grease and its producing method
US9976101B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2018-05-22 Nch Corporation Method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents
US9976102B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2018-05-22 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using alkali metal hydroxide and delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents
US11072756B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2021-07-27 Nch Corporation Calcium hydroxyapatite based calcium sulfonate grease compositions and method of manufacture
US10316266B2 (en) 2011-10-31 2019-06-11 Nch Corporation Calcium hydroxyapatite based calcium sulfonate grease compositions and method of manufacture
US10087391B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-10-02 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases without a conventional non-aqueous converting agent
US10087387B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-10-02 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases
US10087388B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-10-02 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate and calcium magnesium sulfonate greases using a delay after addition of facilitating acid
US10392577B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2019-08-27 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing overbased sulfonate modified lithium carboxylate grease
US10519393B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2019-12-31 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases
US11168277B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2021-11-09 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing calcium magnesium sulfonate greases
CN108559594B (en) * 2018-05-24 2021-07-13 哈尔滨工业大学 High-performance composite lithium-based lubricating grease capable of improving dropping point and additive sensitivity and preparation process thereof
CN108559594A (en) * 2018-05-24 2018-09-21 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of high-performance complex lithium base grease and its preparation process improving dropping point and additive response
US11661563B2 (en) 2020-02-11 2023-05-30 Nch Corporation Composition and method of manufacturing and using extremely rheopectic sulfonate-based greases
DE102021133469B3 (en) 2021-12-16 2022-08-25 Fuchs Petrolub Se Process for preparing lithium complex soap and lithium calcium complex soap greases
WO2023110001A1 (en) 2021-12-16 2023-06-22 Fuchs Petrolub Se Method for producing lubricating greases of lithium complex soaps and lithium-calcium complex soaps

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