US2893440A - Rectilinear loom - Google Patents

Description

9 G. BRUSADELLI 2,893,440

RECTILINEAR LOOM I Filed March 23, 1955 r v 2 She ets-Shaet 1 y 7,1959 6. BRUSADELLI 2,893,440

RECTILINEAR LOOM Filed March 23, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z INVENTOR. iffiazwfirwadefl, BY I BM fl e SW65 Pawh .0

. C lNER L Giulio Brusadelli, Milan, Italy,assignor, by mesneassignments, to Developpement Textile Societe Anouyme (Detesta), Vaduz, Liechtens tein I I Application March 23, 1955, Serial No. 496,289

Claims priority, application Italy mint 15, 1955 6 Claims. (Cl. 139-28) Textile technicians have long bene striving to find new systems and apparatus capable of eliminating certain inconveniences of looms presentlyin u'se,*which, due to the preponderance of reciprocating movements, limit the operating speed, provoke wear in the various elements involved in said movements, and generate considerable noise.

Among the various contrivances devised andpatented for obviating the defects of the common looms, a' certain measure of favor has been met with by the substitution of a rotary drum for the complexity of heddles for opening the shed into which the weft is to be introduced.

-This solution, however, still presents some practical difficulties of realization, especially as concerns the dlfilW- ing of the wefts close to one another after their insertion and the regular loosening of the finished fabric from the forming drum.

The present invention has as an object a continuous rectilinear loom of the type utilizing a rotary drum in substitution of the heddle and beater complex (sley), characterized by the fact that it comprises a cylinder constantly and uniformly rotating 'in the direction of the movement of the warp, and provided with two series of grooves perpendicular to 'eachother, the first of said series of grooves being adapted to receive the warp threads and the other series of grooves being adapted to receive the weft threads introduced'into the 'shed. The said cylinder is'combined with an organ for extracting the finished fabric from the said cylinder and has an edge'co-operating with the peripheral grooved surface of said cylinder in order to bring the lastweft thread close to the precedingones for tightly forming the fabric and separating of the same from. the forming cylinder and from the temples and counter temples for the cross stretching of the finished tissue.

Particularly, as will hereafter be described, the cylinder is composed of a number of parallel and co-axial discs having dilferent profiles repeatedlyv following each other and, definitely, an intermediate disc A, a center beater disc B and an intermediate disc C; of these types of discs those called intermediate Aand C have a smaller diameter than the center'disc B and an undulating, per.- spectively offset profile, in order to create the shed from the warp threads that bear on it, whereas the center disc B presents a plurality of peripheral inward developing obtuse L-shaped cuts, the rearcornersbeing provided with a cut-out portion arranged opposite the sharp corner of the side opposite the cut, the vertical portion of the L being strongly inclined with respect to the radius-of the disc and the horizontal portion ofthe L somewhat widened and having the same distance from the axis of the disc as has the center of the shed formed by the warp threads from the two intermediate discs A and-C, which shed justly is on the same generating line of the weft channel formed by the complex of the L outs of the disc assembly B.

The invention also comprises-a warp conveying device consisting in two sets of laminae parallel to each other, respectively aligned and co-planar with-the two sets of ridiscs B andj,A C constituting? the rotary cylinder,' and precisely, of a first set of laminae aligned and coplanar 2,893,440 Patented July 7, 1959 2 with each beater disc B which are intended to keep the warp threads in the right inner position, i. e. in the grooves created by the beater discsB and intermediate discs A and C, and, further, a second set of laminae inserting themselves between one another of the beater discs, -i. e. aligning with each intermediate Aor C disc, intended to space and keep the beater discs parallel, preventing the overlapping and intermi-ngl-ing of the threads.

The drawing shows schematically and by way of example a practical embodiment of the principal elements forming the object of the invention, and specifically:

Fig. 1 is a side schematic view of a loom according to the invention. I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged side view of the rotating cylinder, the conveyor blades, and of the fabric detaching blade;

Fig. 3 is a side view of a portion of the cylinder represented in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the L-shaped cut formed in the center disc B.

Figures 5 and .8 are two opposite parallel sections of a' disc of the cylinder showing a pair. of blades of the conveyor and a blade of the extracting device;

Figures 6.and 7 are side views of the pair of conveyor blades;

Figure 9 is a side view ofthe extractor blade, and

Figure 10 is a fragmentary exploded isometric view showing the numerous laminae and the warp yarns which they influence.

The loom according to the invention comprises the following elements, listed in the order of the progress of the operations (Fig. 1):

A warp beam 1, tensioning-clistributing rolls2, 3, 4, the warp conveyor 5 oscillating around the pin 6, the grooved cylinder 7 substituting the usual heddles and turning around the shaft 8, the extracting device 9 oscillating around the pivot 10 for effecting the loosening of the finished fabric, the rollers 11 and 12 constituting the temple and the counter temple, the main roller 13 for drawing along the fabric with its auxiliary roller 14, the secondary roll 15 with its own auxiliary roller 16, also for drawing the fabric along and lastly the fabric beam 17.

The cylinder 7 rotates in a continuous and uniform manner around the axis 8 and, together with the extractor device 9, constitutes the characteristic principal part of the invention. The said cylinder 7 is substantially formed by the assembly of contacting parallel discs all of them being keyed to the same shaft 8, but not all of like construction, since there follows in repetition (Fig. 3) an intermediate disc A, a central beater disc B and an intermediate disc C, forming between them the grooves 28. The intermediate discs A and C are smaller in diameter than the central beater disc B and are provided with an undulating profile with undulations so offset that to each projection of the discs A corresponds to a depression of the discs C. As on these intermediate discs rest the warp threads 23, the alternation of the projections and depressions results in the formation of the shed, through which the weft will pass.

The beater discs B present on the contrary a series of peripheral obtuse L-shaped depressions 18, having a horizontal portion widened out at 18' to facilitatethe passage of the weft spreader 22 and a vertical portion 18 strongly inclined with respect to the radius of the disc B.

The rear corner of the outlet channel 18 is provided with a cut-out portion 19, located right in front of the projecting point .20 of theopposite side of the channel 18.

By efiect of this special conformation of the groove 18,

inclined with respect to the radius of the disc B and followed by the inner channels 18' for the passage of the weft threads, as well as by effect of the portion 19 counterposed to the point 20,first the weft is brought near and then one weft thread is tightened up, on the other. Lastly, the-rabbit head profile 24 creates with its point 20'the housing 18where the-Weft spreader slides, which housing prevents the weft spreader and the weftthreads from coming out.

The loosening of the fabric 25 from the opposite corners 19 and 20 of the cylinder 7 in order to convey it to the fabric beam 17 is effected by the fabric separating organ 9, which in the example shown is represented as oscillating around its own axis .10 and is constituted by a pack of strips distributed and spaced like the intermediate discs A and C, so as to form a kind of acomb'which'penetrates withits points into the channels formed between the different beater discs B, by creeping under-the fabric 25, and thus freeing it with its rapidly reciprocating oscillations.

The extractor 9 could, however, also be formed of a single wedge shaped blade, or of two elements disposed above and under the fabric and have a motion differing from the reciprocating one cited by way of example in the present description.

The socontrived mechanism allows of forming the fabric in a continuous and unidirectional manner, without any harmful reciprocating vibration but simply subjecting it to a pressure from below upwards at the outlet in order to detach it from the forming cylinder 7. In the drawing (Fig. 2) 22 indicates the weft spreading device which carries the weft thread through the channel 18'. The said channel 18' is located on the same generating line as the shed of the warp threads opened up by the intermediate discs A and C. This weft spreader can be a rigid needle, a wire, a minute shuttle or any like known device for spreading out the weft.

As the fabric always runs uniformly in the same direction, it is possible to apply to the sides of the finished band of fabric any known widening organs to compensate for the shrinkage of the fabric such as temples and counter temples 11 and 12, and also use the selvage forming devices, should the weft threads be cut at the extremites.

As the wanp threads 23 bear onto the drum 7 along an are smaller than 180 and the grooves 18-18 can be predisposed in a large number (in proportion to the diameter of the drum, of course) the weft insertions will be able to orderly follow each other with a moderate speed, notwithstanding the high speed of rotation of the drum 7 and therefore of formation of the fabric 25.

In Fig. B indicates the beater disc provided with the grooves 18--18; 26 is the first set of the conveyor laminae, having their inner or lower border following the profile of the beater disc B with which it is aligned, in order to keep the warp threads 23 separate and maintain them in. the grooves created between the beater discs B. It will be realized that with the separation formed by the laminae 26, the Warp threads 23 have no possibility of deviating sideways and, therefore, of superposing, braiding or intermingling. The second organ forming part of the conveying device is a second set of laminae 27 which are aligned with each A or C type intermediate disc and that are, therefore, adjacent laminae 26, just as discs A and C are respectively adjacent the beater disc B. These laminae 27 therefore penetrate into the groove between one beater disc B and another, .and to this end are formed with a ,fore beak 27 and a rear beak 27", which during the rotation of the cylinder 7 come into particular positions with respect to the grooves 18-18' of the beater discs B in order to guarantee the guiding of the warp threads and to ensure that the latter enter cylinder 7 perfectly :parallel and alignedwith the groove competing toeach of them for a regular 'forrningof the pitch.

The set of laminae 26 and the set of laminae 27 may be oscillating or stationary, free or guided, eventually a central disc each having an undulating peripheral surface for receiving the warp with the undulations of one disc offset with respect -to .theundulations of the other disc, a second series .of grooves formed in said central discs and comprising circumferentially spaced apart substantially .obtuse angle 2L-shaped .cuts for receiving the weft, said L-shaped cuts at their openings :having a cutout portion and:a pointropposed to said cut-out portion to define in effect a rabbit head profile to insure the heat.- ing up .of the-wefts, and ,azfabric extracting device engageable with one setof grooves in said drum for removing'the fabric from said drum.

2. A .continuous rectilinear loom as defined in claim 1, wherein the fabric extracting device includes comblike fingers for projection into the grooves formed by said intermediateldiscs beneath said fabric.

3. A continuous rectilinearloom as defined in claim 2, whereinthe fabricextractingdevice ismounted for oscillating movement in synchronously timed relation to the rotation of saiddrum.

4. Acontinuous rectilinear loom of the class described comprising a drum adapted for constant and uniform rotation in the direction of movement of the .warp, said drum'being provided with twoseries of grooves perpendicular to each other, one seriesofgrooves being formed by a succession of intermediate discs separated by central discs, said intermediate 'discson each side of a central disc each having an undulating peripheral surface for receiving the ..warp with-the undulations of one disc offset withrespectto the undulations of the other disc, a second seriesof grooves forrnedin said central discs and comprising circumferentially spaced apart substantially obtuse angle L-shaped cuts for receiving the weft, said L- shaped cuts at their openings having a cut-out portion and a point opposed to said cut-out portion to define in effect a rabbit head profile to insure the beating up of the wefts and means for conveying the warp threads to said drum comprising two sets of laminae parallel to each other, one of-said setsof laminae being arranged in alignment and co-planar with said central discs and the other of said sets of laminae being in alignment andco-planar with said intermediate discs, said sets of laminae maintaining the warp threads'entering upon the drum separate and parallel whereby intwinement and intermingling thereof is avoided.

5. A continuous rectilinear loom as defined in claim 4, wherein the center disclaminae have an inner rib with a concave arc of a circle profile aligned with the peripheral edges of said discs.

6. A continuous rectilinear loom as defined in claim 5, wherein the intermediate disc laminae have an internal profile with a fore beak anda rear projection.

References Citedin the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain Mar. 10, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent Noo 2,893,440 July '7, 1959 Giulio Brusadelli It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as cor rected below In the. grant, lines 2 and 3, line '12, and in the heading to the printed specification, lines 4 and 5, name of assignee, for "Developpement Textile Societe Anonyme (Detesta)", each occurrence, read m Developpement Textile'Societe Anonyme (Detesa) Signed and sealed this 12th day of April 1960,,

(SEAL)- Attest: I

KARL H. AXLINE I BERT C, WATSON At BGBtinQ Officer Comissioner of Patents

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