US286582A - Press - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. J. BORCHARD.

PRESS.

No. 286,582. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. J. BORGHARD.

PRESS.

Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

N. PETERS flwlo-Lirkogrnwcr, Washingtm ILC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT J. BORGHARD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,582, dated October 16, 1883.

Application filed June 12,1883. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known thatl, ALBERT J. BORGHARD, formerly of Stettin, Province of Pomerania, Germany, now of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain Improvements in Presses, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to. machinery for pressing or squeezing various substances for the purpose of extracting their moisture, juice, or oil, as the case may be; and the invention consists, primarily, in. a wheel or cylinder set-eccentrically within an encircling ring or outer cylinder, said parts being arranged to rotate at a velocity ratio inversely as the ratio of the radius of the encircling ring is to this radius minus the eccentricity, and to press the material between them, the outer cylinder being preferably perforated to permit the escape of the liquid matter-pressed out.

The invention further consists in a novel means for. feeding the material into the machine and discharging it therefrom, for regulating the relative positions of the two cylinders, for imparting motion to the respective parts, and in various features and details of construction hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my improved machine; Fig. 2, an' end elevation with the feed-hopper in section; Fig. 3, a side or end elevation, partly in section, of the two cy1in-- 'dcrs, showing the manner in which the outer one is rotated; Fig. at, a face or edge view of the outer cylinder, partly broken away to show the inner cylinder and the discharging-blade;

. Fig. 5, a plan view of the cutting-blade.

The purpose of my invention is to produce a press which shall be capable of exerting great pressnrewhich shall require but a small amount of power to operate it, and which shall operate automatically and rapidly. With these objects in view I construct the press in the following manner, referring again to the drawmgs:

First, I provide a strong basc-frame, A, up-

on which are supported and to which are bolted metal side frames, B, which are also rigidly connected with each other by cross rods or ties G, giving the frame great strength, stiffness, and rigidity, and to the side frames, B,

are bolted'brackets D, which serve to support gearing for operating the machine, as presently explained. 7

Near the top of each side frame a circular opening or hearing is formed to receive one end of a cross-shaft or axle, a, said openings or bearings being furnished with bushings h, asshown in Fig. 1, upon which axle is keyed a wheel or cylinder, E, having a smooth face or periphery, and outside of and encircling this wheel or cylinder is placed an annular cylinder or ring, F, of corresponding width, and having an internal diameter somewhat greater than the external diameter of wheel E.

The c linder F is formed with an external circumferentialtoothed ring at its middle, and with a plain or smooth rim or bearing-face at each side of said toothed ring, the smooth rims or faces resting directly upon supportingwheels G and H, and the toothed ring meshing with and receiving motion from a pinion, p, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The rollers G are keyed upon steel axles, which turn in anti-friction or roller bearings I, or they may be common bearings, as more plainly illustrated in Fig. 1, whereby they are caused to rotate with great ease and to offer little or no resistance to the travel of the ring or cylinder F. These bearings are supported by guide-rods d, which have their ends seated in sockets in strong ribs of the frames. B, and retained therein by keys or cotters e, whereby the use of wrought-iron or steel rods is permitted and great tensile strength secured, the bearing I being formed with ears to slide upon the rods, and adjusted by means of screws J, passing through cross-heads on the'rods, as shown in Fig. 1. By raising or lowering the bearings I the relative positions 0' of the two cylinders may be accurately regulated, and the degree of eccentricity, and consequently the variation in width of the channel or space between them, can be controlled, thus in turn controlling the degree of pressure exerted upon the material under treatment. The external cylinder or ring, F, is perforated or formed with a large number of openings for the discharge of the liquid matter pressed'out of the substance under treatment, and. in practice there is placed over said perforations a layer of heavy sheet metal with coarse perforations, and sometimes a second layer of cloth, canvas, wire-gauze, finelyperforated'sheet metal, or other suitable material.

As mentioned, the wheel E and cylinder F are set eccentrically one within the other, as

' erally from the squeezingspace.

plainly shown in Fig. 3, thereby furnishing a graduallydiminishing annular channel or space between the external face of one and the internal face of the other. In practice I prefer to make the point of nearest approach of the two cylinders at the lower .side andon a line passing through the central axis at an angle of about forty-five degrees from perpendicular, more or less, the material be ing fed into the annular space at a point diametrically opposite that of the nearest approach of the cylinders, or approximately so. At said feeding-point I provide a feedhopper, N, opening into a mouth or receiving end, K, of a cylinder, M, within which rotates a spiral conveyer, L, by which the ma terial placed in the hopper N is forced intothe squeezing-space, the sides of the channel or space being closed by the side castings, B, so that there can be no escape of material lat- A thrustbearing is applied to the end cap of the portion K of the cylinder M, to receive the pressure on the conveyor-shaft. The material being thus entered into the squeezing-channel,

and both cylinders being arranged to move downward, it will be seen that the material will be gradually brought into a narrower or more contracted portion of the channel; or, in other words, that the channel itself will gradually decrease and the material be squeezed as it is carried around toward the lower side or point of nearest approach of the two cylinders. In this way a gradual and very great pressure is brought to bear upon the material,

and every particle of moisture squeezed therefrom, the liquid pressed out passing from the perforations of the outer cylinder or ring through the interposed straining material with which said cylinder is provided.

In order to discharge the material from the machine after being pressed or squeezed, I provide a cutting blade, 0, running straight across and bolted on both ends to the frame, and being adjustable by means of slots for the bolts. The cutting-blade is knifeshaped, the purpose of which is to cut the adhering material from the outer cylinder. As the material now lays on the surface of the inner cylinder, I provide a discharging-blade, P, similar to a wing of a spiral conyeyer, and bolted to the frame at the lower end, and at the upper end bolted to a standard, Q, likewise bolted to the frame, the blade being made adjust .able by means of slotted holes for the reception of the bolts. At the lower end of the discharging-blade, and at the opposite side of the machine, is arranged a hopper, into and through which the material is discharged.

The machine receives motion from a driving-shaft, 13, provided with fast and loose pulleys h, through a pinion, k, which meshes with a gear-wheel, L, secured to a shaft, M, carrying at its opposite end pinion n which in turn meshes with gear-wheel 0 of a shaft, f.

The shaft f also carries. two pinions, p and q,

of different diameters, meshing with the annular wheel, and one large spur-wheel, r, on shaft a, respectively, thus imparting motion directly to the annular wheel F and indirectly to the internal Wheel, E, by means of the large spur-wheel on shaft a. This gear combination is so proportioned that the angular velocity ratio of internal cylinder, E, and external cylinder, F, is inversely as the ratio of the inner radius of external cylinder and this radius minus eccentricity. The shaft 13 carries I a chain or sprocket wheel, from which passes a chain to and about a sprocket chain-wheel, w, secured upon the shaft t of the conveyer L, which shaft extends through the annular space between the two cylinders, as indicated more plainly in Fig. 2.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. The herein-described pressing or squeezing apparatus, consisting of a cylinder, E, cen tral axle, a, therefor, gear-wheel r, secured upon said axle, annular cylinder F, encircling cylinder E, provided with an external gear- IOC 4. In combination with internal cylinder, E,

and external cylinder, F, the feed-tube M, conveyer L, arranged to deliver the material into the space between said cylinders, substantially as shown.

5. In combination with cylinder E and axle a therefor, external cylinder, F, supportingrolls G G H, and adjustable bearings for the rolls G G, substantially asshown, whereby the position of the cylinder F relative tothe cylinder E may be regulated.

6. In a pressing-n1achine substantially such as described and shown, the combination of an internal cylinder, an external annular cylinder or press-ring, the rollers arranged to support said ring, adjustable bearing carrying said rollers, and guide-rods d, for sustaining said bearings, the rods being inserted in sockets in the frame of the machine and held by keys 6, substantiallytas shown.

7. In combination with internal cylinder, E,

external perforated cylinder F, set eccentrically to cylinder E, one of said cylinders adapted to be rotated, substantially as set forth.

IIO

8. In combination with the internal cylinl fralneA B, cylinders E F, feed-hopper N, conder, E, ezdzernal cylinder, F, arranged eccentricallyto the'eylinder E, one of said cylinders being perforated, substantially as and for the 5 purpose explained.

9. The hereindescribed pressing-machine, consisting of the frame A B 0, cylinders E F, gearing, substantially as shown, for imparting rotary motion to said cylinders, hopper N,

IO conveyer L, and'adjustable rolls G G, all com bined and operating substantially as shown.

10. In oolnbination'with the supportingveyer L, adjustable rollers G, gearing, subs'tantially such as shown, for imparting motion to the cylinders, and the chain or belt oo11- neoting the conveyor-shaft with the gearing for the purpose of imparting motion to the conveyor.

ALBERT J. none 1min). WVitnesses: I

WILLIAM G. MINA D, J OHN F. GUBBINs.

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