US2830526A - Ventilating device - Google Patents

Description

April 15, 1958 c BRElDERT I 2,830,526

VENTILATING DEVICE Filed June 14, 1 954 2 Sheets-Sheet i FlG yl.

INVENTOR GEORGE C. BREIDERT ATTORNEYS April 15, 1958 G. c. BREIDERT VENTILATING DEVICE 2 SheetsSheet 2 Filed June 14, 1954 INVENTOR GEORGE C. BREIDERT BY M ATTORNEYS 2,830,526 VENTILATING DEVICE George C. Breidert, La Canada, Califl, assignor to The G. C. Breidert Co., San Fernando, Califi, a corporation of California Application June 14, 1954, Serial No. 436,382 r Claims. (Cl. 98-41) This invention relatesto ventilators and, while it provides its greatest utility when used as a gravity or siphoning ventilator, it is also useful in conjunction with a motor driven booster fan. This application is a continuation in part of my co-pending application, Serial No. 380,787, filed September 17, 1953.

In my said co-pending application, I disclose a ventilator which is so designed and constructed that, among other advantages, it is diflicult for outside air currents entering the ventilator to produce down drafts in the ventilator; which inhibits leakage of rain through the ventilator into the building being ventilated; which functions with high efliciency regardless of the direction of the outside air currents; which positively discharges the exhausted air and gases in horizontal directions rather than downwardly onto the roof of the building being ventilated; which reduces to a minimum the resistance to out-flow of the exhausted air and gases; and which prevents air turbulences which would tend to reduce the eificiency of the ventilator.

My present invention provides all those advantages and has the further object and advantage of more positively preventing leakage of rain through the ventilator into the building being ventilated and has the still further object and advantage of more positively preventing down drafts and turbulences.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent hereinafter.

Without intending thereby to limit the broader scope of my invention, except as may appear from the appended claims, I shall now describe presently preferred embodiments, for which purpose I shall refer to the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. l is a side elevation of 'a ventilator embodying one adaptation of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a reduced top plan view;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section of a modified adaptation of my invention;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a further modification of my invention; and

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the device of Fig. 5.

In the drawing, Figs. 1-3, I show my improved venti lator as having a neck 5 which preferably has a relatively large diameter cylindrical bottom portion 5a, an adjoining frusto-conical portion 5b, an.adjoining cylindrical portion 50 of reduced diameter, and terminates at its top in an upwardly and outwardly angled air de- A flat bottom plate 10 has a round, axial opening 10a, the cylindrical neck portion 5a being preferably secured, as by welding, to the bottom plate in such manner that the neck portion 5a bounds and surrounds the opening 10a. The plate 10 is adapted to be secured in any suitable manner to the roof of a building to be ventilated, with the neck is communication with a suitable ventilation opening through the roof.

Bolts or supporting posts 15, preferably 3 in number, extend upwardly through bolt passing holes in the bottom plate 10, the bolts being circumferentially spaced apart around the opening 10a. t

A plurality of vertically spaced, horizontally disposed, co-axial baffle plates 18 and 19 and a cover 20 are supported by the bolts 15, the bolts extending through opennited States Patent ice ings in the battles and cover, and the baffles and cover are spaced apart by means of spacer sleeves 22 mounted on the bolts. The parts are secured in such assembly by nuts 23 threaded onto the top ends of the bolts and bearing against the cover 20.

The cover 20 has an annular flange or outer marginal portion 20a and a medial inverted dished portion'lflb providing a flat central portion providing a cover over the opening in the top baflie 19, the side wall 20c of the dished portion being frusto-conical or upwardly and inwardly inclined.

The baffle plates 18, 19 and cover 20 progressively increase in diameter from bottom plate 18 to the cover and each baffle has an axial opening 30, said openings also progressively increasing in diameter from the bottom plate to the top plate, as shown.

Each of the openings in baffles 18 and 19 is bounded by a frusto-conical or upwardly and inwardly inclined portion providing a deflector 35, and the top edge portion of each of the deflectors terminates in an annular upwardly and outwardly disposed flange or return inner marginal portion 40, so that each of the deflectors is disposed inwardly, upwardly and outwardly.

The baflles are also so spaced and the deflectors so proportioned that the intersection of the frusto-conical portion 35 with the flange 40 of baifle plate 18 is at the plane of the baifle plate 19, and the flange 40 ofthe deflector 35 carried by plate 18 terminates above that plane; and the intersection of the frusto-conical portion 35 of baflle 19 with the flange 40 of said deflector is at the plane of flange 20a and the flange 40 of the deflector carried by plate 19 terminates above that plane.

The flange portion 5d of the neck intersects the cylindrical neck portion 50 at the plane of baffle 13 and terminates above said plane.

The baffles, in conjunction with the neck and portions 20a and 200 of the cover define three annular or transverse air-passageways A, B and C whose combined area should be of the order of 200% of the cross-sectional area of the neck portion 50. The plates 18-420 preferably should be equi'distantly, vertically spaced apart and the portions 35 and 200 should be parallel with each other while the flanges 5d and 40 should be in alignment.

While I have shown only two baffles, it will be understood, of course, that my invention contemplates that any desired number may be used; although I find it advantageous that the height above the top end of the neck be approximately one half the inside diameter of neck portion 50.

Any rain which might be blown into the ventilator will be deflected upwardly by the frusto-conical portions 35 and will then be deflected by the flange portions 40 and prevented from entering the openings in the baffles or into the neck moreover, the portions 40 prevent air moving along passageways A, B and C from passing over the inner marginal portion of the baffle members. Also, by the described arrangement and proportioning of the baflie plates and deflectors a greater expansion area is provided in the top portion of the ventilator where the pressure is normally the greatest. Air currents entering the passageways A, B, and C induce a suction through the neck which siphons air and gasses from the building. Outside air currents flowing downwardly onto the cover of the ventilator are deflected away from the baffle plates, thus inducing suction at the periphery of the ventilator. In practice, I have found it advantageous to make a difference in the diameter of each baffle with respect to the next contiguous baflie of the order of one inch and the openings 30 should have approximately the same differential in diameter.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the parts are the same as above described, except that here the baflies 50 and 51 have their axial openings bounded by upwardly, inwardly and outwardly curved deflectors 55.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I show a further modified form of my invention. Here, in addition to the cover 20 I show three baifle plates 62, 63, 64, each having an annular deflector 35a, like the deflectors 35 previously described, at equi-distantly circumferentially spaced points between each pair of contiguous deflectors 35a, 1 provide vertical baflies 70 each of which has laterally flanged ends 71 spot-welded or otherwise suitably secured to the contiguous deflectors, so that the baffles 70 not only function as baflies but also function as spacers and means to hold, the baflie plates 6264 in superimposed assembly. Like vertical baffles 70a retain the cover in spaced relation to the top baflle plate 64. While any desired number of circumferentially spaced vertical baffles 70 may be used, I prefer to use four of said baflies between each pair of contiguous deflectors.

Since the bottom deflector 35a terminates at its top in an upwardly and outwardly angled deflecting flange or return portion 400, in the embodiment of Figs. 5 and 6 I omit the flange portion 5d previously described as forming a part of the neck. The bottom bafile plate 62 and its carried deflector are supported from the neck by a clamp ring 75 which has circumferentially spaced radial arms 76 welded or otherwise suitably secured to the bottom deflector 35a.

In use, air blowing inwardly of the ventilator between any contiguous pair of vertical deflectors 70 will be somewhat compressed by the converging inner ends of the vertical deflectors and, since said deflectors terminate at the openings in the baffles, the air will then expand in blowing over the openings. Also by using the vertical deflectors as a means for holding the parts in assembly, I am able to omit the bottom plate 10 previously described as well as the supporting bolts 15.

I claim:

1. In a ventilator, a pair of coaxially superimposed, :annular baffle plates defining a central air passageway of gradually upwardly increasing area, each of said baflle plates having a frustoconical inner annular portion hounded at its bottom end by a flat, horizontal peripheral bottom flange and bounded at its top end by an outwardly disposed annular peripheral top flange, the said top flange of the bottom one of said baflfle plates projecting above the plane of the bottom surfaces of said peripheral flange of the top one of said baffle plates, a cover member above the top one of said baflre plates, said cover memher having a flat, horizontal medial portion overlying said passageway, a downwardly and outwardly disposed frustoconical annular portion bounding said medial por tion, and a flat, horizontal annular peripheral bottom flange bounding said frustoconical annular portion, the said inner portion of the bottom one of said baflle plates being parallel to and smaller in diameter than said inner portion of said top one of said baffle plates and said last mentioned inner portion being smaller in diameter than said frustoconical portion of said cover member, whereby said inner portions and said peripheral flanges of said baffle plates and said frustoconical portion and said bot tom flange of said cover member define transverse air passageways intersecting said first mentionad air passageway, an annular neck member disposed below and concentric with said bottom one of said baflie plates and defining an air inlet passageway, said neck member having at its top end an outwardly disposed annular peripheral flange projecting above the plane of the bottom surface of said peripheral flange of said bottom bafl le plate, and means securing said baffle plates and said cover member in vertically spaced relation above said neck member; said peripheral flange of said bottom baffle plate being of smaller outside diameter than that of the peripheral flange of said top one of said baffle plates, and the said peripheral flange of said top one of said baifle plates being smaller in outside diameter than that of the peripheral flange of said cover member.

2. The ventilator of claim 1 wherein said top peripheral flanges of said inner portions of said baflie plates are disposed in alignment in a diagonally upward and outward direction.

3. The ventilator of claim 1 wherein the combined area of said transverse passageways is 200% of the cross-sectional area of said inlet neck.

4. In a ventilator, a base, a pair of co-axial, horizontally disposed, annular baffle plates, the upper one of which has relatively larger inside and outside diameters than those of the lower one of said baffle plates, each of said baflie plates having a frusto-conical portion bounded at its bottom end by a flat horizontal peripheral flange and bounded at its top end by a diagonally upwardly and outwardly disposed annular top flange, said baflie plates defining a medial air passageway of gradually upwardly increasing cross sectional area; a cover member of larger diameter than the outside diameter of the top one of said baflle plates, said cover member having a flat medial portion overlying said passageway, having a frusto-conical portion bounding said flat portion and having a flat horizontally disposed peripheral portion, and means supporting said baflie plates and said cover member in vertically spaced, superimposed relationship above said base; the intersection of the top flange of said bottom baffle plate with the frusto-conical portion of said baflie plate being above the plane of the bottom surface of the peripheral flange of the upper one of said baflie plates; and an annular, cylindrical neck member concentric with and opening into said passageway.

5. In a ventilator device comprising, in combination, a base providing a vertically disposed air inlet neck, a pair of centrally apertured baflle members superimposed one upon the other in vertically spaced, co-axial relationship, each of said balfle members being shaped in cross section to provide a flat horizontally disposed outer marginal portion, an upwardly and inwardly inclined adjoining portion and a return inner marginal portion, the said apertures in said 'baflle members together defining a vertical air passageway of gradually upwardly increasing diameter communicating at its bottom end with said neck, a cover member disposed in coaxial relationship to and vertically spaced above the upper one of said baflle members, said cover member being shaped in cross section to provide a flat horizontally disposed outer marginal portion, an adjoining upwardly and inwardly inclined portion and a flat central portion overlying said vertical air passageway, and means supporting said baffle members and cover member in said relationship with said outer marginal portions and said'upwardly inclined portions in parallel relationship whereby to provide transverse air passageways therebetween, with the return inner marginal portion of the lower one of said baflie members extending above the plane of the outer marginal portion of the upper one of said baffle members and with the return inner marginal portion of the upper one of said baflle members extending above the plane of the said outer marginal portion of said cover member, whereby to prevent air currents moving along said transverse air passageways from passing over the inner marginal portions of said baflle members.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 168,961 Betts Oct. 19, 1875 174,237 Heard Feb. 29, 1876 417,415 Esperson Dec. 17, 1889 2,427,413 Miller Sept. 16, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS 10,701 Great Britain Aug. 21, 1886 115,483 Germany Nov. 28, 1900 48,563 Sweden July 20, 1909 591,350 France Apr. 7, 1925 716,368 France Oct. 6, 1931

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