US2825284A - Impact fuzes with mechanical retardation - Google Patents
Impact fuzes with mechanical retardation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2825284A US2825284A US532929A US53292955A US2825284A US 2825284 A US2825284 A US 2825284A US 532929 A US532929 A US 532929A US 53292955 A US53292955 A US 53292955A US 2825284 A US2825284 A US 2825284A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- striker
- fuze
- projectile
- impact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
- F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
- F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
- F42C1/08—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze with delayed action after ignition of fuze or after impact
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
- F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
- F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
- F42C9/141—Impact fuze in combination with a clockwork time fuze
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
- F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
- F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
- F42C9/18—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition when the spin rate falls below a predetermined limit, e.g. a spring force being stronger than the locking action of a centrifugally-operated lock
Definitions
- the upper end of the rod 8 is located in the path of I the rod of the pusher 13 located in the head of the body z i the striker 5.
- Said fuzes are not very sensitive and have no C, in the known manner, and adapted to be moved towards the interior of the said body on impact.
- the other end of the rod 8 comprises a stop 8b which in the normal position is located opposite the bolt 7 of The operation of said fuze is as follows:
- the auto-destruction device formed by the balls 11, the inclined surfaces 11a and the body 10, produces, under the action of centrifugal force, the compression of the spring 12 of the rod 8 and, at the same time, the locking "members of said rod move radially and release the shoulder 8a.
- the fuze can operate, either on impact, 'or by reason of the operation of the autotype of. fuze the retardation on impact is obtained by pyro-technical means which, however, are difiicult to store and operate in a very irregular manner, causing much longer periods of retardation or do not even provide it at all. i
- the present invention has for its subject a sensitive fuze operating on impact with a mechanical delay and of which the striker is subjected to the action of a spring.
- Fig. 1 is an axial section.
- Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sections to a larger scale on the line IIII of Fig. 1 in the normal position and in the cocked position.
- the fuze has a body C in which is located the main charge 1 of the detonator, with a relay 2 adapted to transmit to said charge the action of the combined percussion cap 3.
- the latter is mounted on an oscillating member 4 pivoted eccentrically at 4a.
- Said member comprises a toothed sector 4b gearing with a pinion 40 forming part of the rocker release mechanism 4d.
- This assembly forms a safety device for the detonator, as in the normal position, the percussion cap 3 is withdrawn from the path of the striker 5 and from the relay 2. It can only be moved opposite these members, after firing the projectile, under the action of centrifugal force.
- the striker 5 is formed by a sliding rod subjected to the action of a spring 6, which at one end bears against a shoulder 5c of the body of the fuze and, on the other end, against a shoulder 5a of the rod 5, provided with a conical surface 5b.
- the striker is located eccentrically in the body C and parallel to the axis of the latter.
- the conical part 5b of the striker is in contact with a bolt 7, with a rounded end 7a, and which slides in a radial bore located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the body C.
- the explosion must be caused by the auto-destruction means including the axially movable body 10, the balls 11, and the spring 12 operating in the following manner:
- the fuze need not comprise an auto-destruction device, or the safety device for the detonator and for the trajectory for maintaining percussion cap 3 out of reach of the striker 5, until the end of the safety path of travel of the trajectory.
- the pusher 13 may form part of the rod 8.
- Variations in the. retardation of the; release ofthe striker may be obtained by selection of the strength of its spring 6, the conicity of its part 5b and the size of its bolt 7.
- a sensitive fuze for a projectile having a projectile charge comprising, in combination, a fuze body having an axis, a pusher member positioned in said body at its head portion and along said axis, an axially slidable ramming rod positioned in said body oppositely to said pusher rod at its upper end and alongsaid axis of said fuze body, said ramming rod having a shoulder portion intermediate its ends and a stop member at its lower end, centrifugal locking members positioned about said ramming rod about the portion thereof intermediate said shoulder portion and said stop member, said locking members abutting said shoulder portion of said ramming rod, an axially movable body positioned about said ramming rod at the portion thereof having said shoulder portion, first spring means positioned about said ramming rod for holding said axially movable body in position, ball means for causing said axially movable body to move downwardly against said spring means, a striker rod having a striking end, said strike
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
March 4, 1958 G. KUHN 2,825,284
IMPACT FUZES WITH MECHANICAL RETARDATION Filed Sept. 7, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H C r f "a 5b k 7 18b INVENTOR Georges Kulzrc.
ATTO ENE Y IMPACT FUZES WITH MECHANICAL RETARDATION Georges Kuhn, Geneva, Switzerland, assignor to Mefina S. A., Fribourg, Switzerland, a corporation of Switzerland Application September 7, 1955, Serial No. 532,029
Claims priority, application Switzerland November 5, 1954 1 Claim. (Cl. 102-71) nited States Patent-"O Patented Mar. 4, 1958 walls 11a secured to the body C and acting on an axially movable body 10, against the action of a spring 12. In the normal position, said device is secured in the known manner by centrifugal locking members 9, located, for convenience of the drawing, in the plane of the section of Fig. 1.
The upper end of the rod 8 is located in the path of I the rod of the pusher 13 located in the head of the body z i the striker 5.
Said fuzes are not very sensitive and have no C, in the known manner, and adapted to be moved towards the interior of the said body on impact.
The other end of the rod 8 comprises a stop 8b which in the normal position is located opposite the bolt 7 of The operation of said fuze is as follows:
During. the firing of the shot, and when the axial acceleration ceases, the auto-destruction device, formed by the balls 11, the inclined surfaces 11a and the body 10, produces, under the action of centrifugal force, the compression of the spring 12 of the rod 8 and, at the same time, the locking "members of said rod move radially and release the shoulder 8a.
From this moment, the fuze can operate, either on impact, 'or by reason of the operation of the autotype of. fuze the retardation on impact is obtained by pyro-technical means which, however, are difiicult to store and operate in a very irregular manner, causing much longer periods of retardation or do not even provide it at all. i
The present invention has for its subject a sensitive fuze operating on impact with a mechanical delay and of which the striker is subjected to the action of a spring.
It is characterised in that its striker is held in the cocked position by a bolt, itself held in the locked position by a movable member controlled at least by a member actuated on impact.
One form of construction of the subject of the invention is shown diagrammatically and by way of example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is an axial section.
Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sections to a larger scale on the line IIII of Fig. 1 in the normal position and in the cocked position.
The fuze has a body C in which is located the main charge 1 of the detonator, with a relay 2 adapted to transmit to said charge the action of the combined percussion cap 3. The latter is mounted on an oscillating member 4 pivoted eccentrically at 4a. Said member comprises a toothed sector 4b gearing with a pinion 40 forming part of the rocker release mechanism 4d. This assembly forms a safety device for the detonator, as in the normal position, the percussion cap 3 is withdrawn from the path of the striker 5 and from the relay 2. It can only be moved opposite these members, after firing the projectile, under the action of centrifugal force.
The striker 5 is formed by a sliding rod subjected to the action of a spring 6, which at one end bears against a shoulder 5c of the body of the fuze and, on the other end, against a shoulder 5a of the rod 5, provided with a conical surface 5b. The striker is located eccentrically in the body C and parallel to the axis of the latter.
The conical part 5b of the striker is in contact with a bolt 7, with a rounded end 7a, and which slides in a radial bore located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the body C.
Along the axis of the body C is located a sliding rod 8,
which is provided with a shoulder 8a subjected to the destruction device provided the safety device of the detonator has reached its active position.
In the first case, when the point of the fuze contacts an object, the pusher 13 is pushed towards the interior and its rod comes into contact with the upper end of the rod 8, which is thus moved axially.
This axial movement of the rod 8 moves the stop 86 so that the bolt 7 is released. The spring 6 acting on the striker then repels, by the conical part 5b in contact with the rounded part 7a the bolt 7 inwardly, and the striker is moved axially in the direction of the relay 2.
When the safety device of the detonator, formed by the oscillating member 4 carrying the percussion cap 3, which is set in operation, on firing the shot, in the known manner, has had time to function and the percussion cap 3 is opposite the striker, position shown in Fig. 3, the per- ,cussion cap is contacted and fires the charge 1 by means of the relay 2.
When the striker is released before the sector 4 has reached the position shown'in Fig. 3, it contacts a solid part of said sector. The projectile cannot explode.
If the projectile on which the foregoing described fuze is mounted does not strike the desired target, here an airplane, the explosion must be caused by the auto-destruction means including the axially movable body 10, the balls 11, and the spring 12 operating in the following manner:
When the gyratory movement of the projectile diminishes, the centrifugal force acting on the balls 11 also diminishes thereby causing the spring 12 to push the axially movable body 10 towards the main charge 1. The axially movable body 10 then contacts the shoulder 81: of the slidable rod 8 thereby causing the rod 8 to slide downwardly. Thestop 8a is thus displaced downwardly thereby freeing the bolt 7 thereby allowing the spring 6 to cause the downward movement of the striker 5. The striker 5 then penetrates the percussion cap 3, which has been brought into the path of striker S by the oscillating member 4, thus causing the destruction of the projectile before it falls to the ground.
It will be understood that'modifications may be made in the details of construction without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus the fuze need not comprise an auto-destruction device, or the safety device for the detonator and for the trajectory for maintaining percussion cap 3 out of reach of the striker 5, until the end of the safety path of travel of the trajectory.
The pusher 13 may form part of the rod 8.
Variations in the. retardation of the; release ofthe striker may be obtained by selection of the strength of its spring 6, the conicity of its part 5b and the size of its bolt 7.
I claim:
A sensitive fuze for a projectile having a projectile charge, comprising, in combination, a fuze body having an axis, a pusher member positioned in said body at its head portion and along said axis, an axially slidable ramming rod positioned in said body oppositely to said pusher rod at its upper end and alongsaid axis of said fuze body, said ramming rod having a shoulder portion intermediate its ends and a stop member at its lower end, centrifugal locking members positioned about said ramming rod about the portion thereof intermediate said shoulder portion and said stop member, said locking members abutting said shoulder portion of said ramming rod, an axially movable body positioned about said ramming rod at the portion thereof having said shoulder portion, first spring means positioned about said ramming rod for holding said axially movable body in position, ball means for causing said axially movable body to move downwardly against said spring means, a striker rod having a striking end, said striker rod being positioned in said fuze body and being parallel and eccentrically mounted with respect to said slidably mounted ramming rod, said striker rod having a conical surfaced shoulder portion intermediate its ends, one of said ends being a striking end, a projectile charge positioned in said body at its lower portion opposite to its head portion, a member mounted for oscillation on a plane perpendicular to the plane of the axis of said body, said member being eccentrically mounted with respect to the axis of said fuze body and to said striker rod and being positioned between the striking end of the striker rod and the projectile charge, a percussion cap mounted on said memher mounted for oscillation, second spring means positioned about said striker rod intermediate said conical surfaced shoulder portion and the end of said striker rod opposite to the striking end for urging said striker rod towards said projectile charge, said fuze body having a radial bore therein and positioned beneath said centrifugal locking members on a plane perpendicular to the plane of said axis of said fuze body, a bolt positioned in said bore, said bolt being in contact both with said stop member of said ramming rod and with said conical surfaced shoulder portion of said striker rod, whereby the fuze will be mechanically retarded in its functioning on impact with a target offering small resistance and whereby, upon the failure of the projectile to hit the target and upon the diminishing of the gyratory movement of the projectile with the accompanying diminishing of the centrifugal force acting on said ball means, said first spring means is caused to urge said axially movable body towards the projectile charge and said axially movable body contacts said shoulder portion of said ramming rod thereby causing said ramming rod to move towards said projectile charge and thereby causing said stop member of said ramming rod to be displaced downwardly to allow said second spring means to urge said conical surfaced shoulder portion to move said bolt radially and to urge said striker rod downwardly towards said projectile charge to cause the detonation of said charge before the projectile reaches the ground.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,523,073 Junghans Jan. 31, 1925 2,149,469 Schenk Mar. 7, 1939 2,701,527 Granath Feb. 8, 1955 2,718,850 Kuhn Sept. 27, 1955
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH772918X | 1954-11-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2825284A true US2825284A (en) | 1958-03-04 |
Family
ID=4535558
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US532929A Expired - Lifetime US2825284A (en) | 1954-11-05 | 1955-09-07 | Impact fuzes with mechanical retardation |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2825284A (en) |
BE (1) | BE539348A (en) |
CH (1) | CH318216A (en) |
FR (1) | FR1126738A (en) |
GB (1) | GB772918A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2984184A (en) * | 1957-03-28 | 1961-05-16 | Cetre Jeanne Marie Louise | Fuse for gyrating and non-gyrating projectiles |
US3039392A (en) * | 1958-07-25 | 1962-06-19 | Mefina Sa | Projectile fuze for a gun with a rifled bore |
US3075465A (en) * | 1957-07-23 | 1963-01-29 | Magnavox Co | Centrifugal fuze |
US3118379A (en) * | 1960-11-23 | 1964-01-21 | Fuze for a gyratory projectile | |
US3135206A (en) * | 1956-09-21 | 1964-06-02 | Bofors Ab | Fuze for projectiles |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE565048A (en) * | 1957-02-26 | |||
DE1202181B (en) * | 1963-05-31 | 1965-09-30 | Junghans Geb Ag | Transport safety device for clockwork timer for twistless projectiles |
DE1218311B (en) * | 1963-08-01 | 1966-06-02 | Junghans Geb Ag | Twist bullet fuse for practice bullets |
DE1208222B (en) * | 1963-12-14 | 1965-12-30 | Salgad Ets | Impact fuse for projectiles |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1523073A (en) * | 1924-03-13 | 1925-01-13 | Anonima Arturo Junghans Soc | Mechanical time fuse |
US2149469A (en) * | 1935-08-27 | 1939-03-07 | Edgar Brandt | Timing and release mechanism for mechanical time fuses |
US2701527A (en) * | 1948-07-06 | 1955-02-08 | Louis P Granath | Selective delayed-action fuze |
US2718850A (en) * | 1951-04-13 | 1955-09-27 | Mefina Sa | Clockwork movement for a projectile |
-
0
- BE BE539348D patent/BE539348A/xx unknown
-
1954
- 1954-11-05 CH CH318216D patent/CH318216A/en unknown
-
1955
- 1955-06-27 FR FR1126738D patent/FR1126738A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-08-08 GB GB22740/55A patent/GB772918A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-09-07 US US532929A patent/US2825284A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1523073A (en) * | 1924-03-13 | 1925-01-13 | Anonima Arturo Junghans Soc | Mechanical time fuse |
US2149469A (en) * | 1935-08-27 | 1939-03-07 | Edgar Brandt | Timing and release mechanism for mechanical time fuses |
US2701527A (en) * | 1948-07-06 | 1955-02-08 | Louis P Granath | Selective delayed-action fuze |
US2718850A (en) * | 1951-04-13 | 1955-09-27 | Mefina Sa | Clockwork movement for a projectile |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3135206A (en) * | 1956-09-21 | 1964-06-02 | Bofors Ab | Fuze for projectiles |
US2984184A (en) * | 1957-03-28 | 1961-05-16 | Cetre Jeanne Marie Louise | Fuse for gyrating and non-gyrating projectiles |
US3075465A (en) * | 1957-07-23 | 1963-01-29 | Magnavox Co | Centrifugal fuze |
US3039392A (en) * | 1958-07-25 | 1962-06-19 | Mefina Sa | Projectile fuze for a gun with a rifled bore |
US3118379A (en) * | 1960-11-23 | 1964-01-21 | Fuze for a gyratory projectile |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB772918A (en) | 1957-04-17 |
FR1126738A (en) | 1956-11-29 |
CH318216A (en) | 1956-12-31 |
BE539348A (en) |
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