US2813750A - Spray nozzle - Google Patents

Description

1957 l. H. MARANTZ 2,813,750

SPRAY NOZZLE Original Filed Feb. 28, 1955 .tqi.

INVENTOR fsfiael' ATTORNEYS United States Patent C) SPRAY NOZZLE Israel H. Marantz, Forest Hills, N. Y., assignor to Columbia Cable & Electric Corporation, a corporation of New York 2 Claims. (Cl. 29928.7)

It is noted that in nozzles of the type to spray particles of metal for example, which are heated by an inflammable gas to a highly plastic state almost reaching molten condition, the abrasive action caused by the movement of the particles through the nozzle will, after a long period of use, wear away the walls of the passageway through which the particles are forced with resultant inoperativeness of the nozzle and need for replacement of the entire unit with resultant relatively high cost.

It is among the objects of the invention to provide an inexpensive spray nozzle that is neat, compact and sturdy, that has but few parts and which is not likely to clog or become out of order even with long use, which is substantially devoid of gaskets which are likely to become defective and cause leakage in the nozzle with resultant inef ficiency thereof and which has a relatively inexpensive outlet tip which may readily be replaced upon wearing thereof.

Another object is to provide a nozzle of the above type which is designed to eliminate wear of the main portion of the nozzle tip.

This application is a division of co-pending application Serial No. 491,151, filed February 28, 1955.

According to the invention, these objects are accomplished by the arrangement and combination of elements hereinafter described and particularly recited in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one or more of various possible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle,

Fig. 2 is an end view of the nozzle, and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional another embodiment of the nozzle.

Referring now to the drawings, the spray nozzle shown in Fig. 1 desirably comprises a substantially cylindrical rod 11 which forms the body portion of the nozzle and which desirably has an axial bore 12 extending therethrough. The rear end of bore 12 is desirably of enlarged diameter as at 13 and is internally threaded as at 14 to receive the threaded reduced end 15 of a handle 16.

The front end of the body portion 11 is desirably of reduced diameter as at 17 forming a beveled shoulder 18. Aflfixed to such reduced end 17 is the nozzle tip 21 which desirably is substantially cylindrical as shown and has an axial bore 22 therethrough of enlarged diameter at its rear end 23, said enlarged diameter end of bore 22 being internally threaded as at 24 so that it may be screwed on the correspondingly externally threaded end 17 of the body portion 11. Desirably the nose of reduced end 17 has an outstanding annular flange 25 against which the shoulder 26 formed by the enlargement of bore 22 may abut, to provide a tight seal.

Means are desirably provided to propel a stream of particles through the aligned bores 12 and 22 in the body portion 11 and the tip 21 respectively. To this end the bore 12 desirably has a plug 31 afiixed therein near the enlarged portion 13 thereof, said plug 31 having a substantially conical nose 32 and desirably having an axial bore 33 therethrough of enlarged diameter as at 34 at view of 2,813,750 Patented Nov. 19, 1957 its rear end. Although the plug 31 may be aflixed in bore 12in any suitable manner, in the embodiment herein shown, the plug 31 is externally threaded so that it may be screwed into the correspondinglythreaded bore.

- The inlet 36 of bore 33 desirably is positioned adjacent a transverse passageway 37 extending through the wall of body portion 11 into the enlargement 13 of bore 12. Afiixed in passageway 37 is a fitting 38 to which the outlet 39 of a suitable gas regulating valve 41 may be aflixed, the inlet 42 of said valve desirably being connected to a source of compressed gas (not shown). The nose end 32 of plug 31 is desirably positioned adjacent a transverse passageway 45 extending laterally through the wall of body portion 11 into bore 12 adjacent said nose 32. Afiixed in passageway 45 is a fitting 46 which is connected to a source of particles, illustratively of zinc, to be sprayed.

The tip 21 is desirably formed so that a suitable gas maybe forced therethrough to be ignited at the outlet 51 thereof to develop an intense heat whereby the particles propelled through the bore 22 may be transformed to a highly plastic state almost reaching the molten condition. To this end, the tip 21 desirably has an annular groove 52 adjacent its rear end and a plurality of gas outlet passageways 53 encompassing the axial bore 22 of the tip and converging at their outlet ends 55.

Encompassing the tip 21 is a sleeve 61 has a plurality of radiating fins 62 to provide a large surface area for cooling of such tip, said sleeve 61 encompassing said annular groove 52 to form a gas inlet chamber. Means are desirably provided to force a mixture of suitable highly inflammable gases into the groove 52. To this end the sleeve 61 has a lateral passageway 64 there through in communication at one end with said groove 52, the other end of said passageway having the end 65 of a tube 66 aflixed therein. The other end 67 of tube 66 has a manifold 68 suitably aflixed thereon so that a mixture of inflammable gases such as oxygen and acetylene may be forced through the bore 69 of tube 66.

As shown in Fig. 1, the manifold 68 desirably comprises a circular block 71 having an axial extension 72 of reduced diameter. The block 71 desirably has two bores 73 and 74 leading thereinto, the inlet ends of which have fittings 75 and 76 secured therein respectively, to which sources of oxygen and acetylene gas may be connected respectively.

The axial extension 72 of the manifold desirably has a bore 81 therethrough, the inner end 82 of which is connected by passageway 83 to the bore 73 of the manifold. Although the manifold may be afixed to tube 66 in any suitable manner, in the embodiment shown, a sleeve v86 encompassing tube 66 has its externally threaded end 87 screwed into the corresponding threaded bore 81. Thus when the sleeve is rotated in bore 81 and abuts against an annular shoulder 84 formed on tube 66, the conical end 91 of bore 81 will be pressed tightly against the conical end 92 of tube 66 securely to retain the manifold afiixed to the tube.

The conical end 92 of tube 66 desirably has an annular groove 95 in its periphery which coacts with a corresponding annular groove 96 in the bore of manifold 68 to form an annular gas chamber 97, said chamber being in communication with the bore 69 of tube 66 by means of a plurality of inclined passageways 98 and being supplied with gas from bore 74 through a passageway 99.

Means are desirably provided to cool the tip 21 and to prevent spreading of the stream of particles emerging from the outlet 51 thereof. To this end, the tip 21 has an annular groove 101 therein which is encompassed by the sleeve 61 to form a gas chamber. The tip 21 desirably has a plurality of passageways 102 leading from said groove 101 to the outer end of the tip, said passage! which desirably ways converging at their outlet ends 105 which form a ring encompassing the outlets 55 of the passageways 53 and the outlet 51 of the tip.

In order to supply the gas chamber defined by annular groove 101, the sleeve 61 has a lateral passageway 106 therethrough in communication at one end with groove 101. The other end of said passageway has a fitting 107 therein to which the outlet of a suitable gas regulating valve 108 may be affixed, the inlet 109 of said valve desirably being connected to a source of compressed gas (not shown).

In the operation of the nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2, as compressed gas is forced through fitting 38 into the enlarged portion 13 of bore 12, such gas will pass through the bores 34 and 33 of plug 31 and emerges from the outlet end 32 thereof as a high velocity jet. This jet will create a suction at the adjacent end of passageway 45 so that particles will be sucked into bore 12 and be propelled through the aligned bores 12 and 22 to emerge from the outlet 51 of tip 21.

The mixture of inflammable gases forced into groove 52 will pass through the passageways 53 and emerge from the outlets 55 thereof as a circular stream encompassing the stream of gas and particles. The inflammable gases may be ignited by any suitable means causing the particles to soften to a highly plastic, though not molten state.

By reason of the converging passageways 102 connected to annular groove 101, excessive spreading of the spray of particles and gas emerging from outlet 51 of tip 21 is prevented. Thus the high velocity jets from the outlets 105 of passageways 102 will strike the periphery of the stream of particles and gas emerging from outlet 51 thereby substantially preventing spreading of such stream. In addition, as the gas emerging from outlets 105 is relatively cool, as the heated particles strike the article being sprayed, they will rapidly cool and congeal thereby preventing dripping of such plastic particles from the article and ensuring adherence of such particles thereto.

It has been found that as the particles are forced through the bore 22 in the tip 21, the abrasive action caused by such moving particles will, after a long period of use, wear away the inner wall of the bore 22. Such wearing may cause the passageways 53 to be exposed to the bore 22 with resultant inoperativeness of the device as the flame caused by the gases would cause the particles to become plastic in the bore 22 with resultant congealing of such particles in such bore 22 and clogging thereof. However, by reason of the ease by which the relatively inexpensive tip 21 may be removed, it is a relatively simple matter to replace the latter without need for discarding the entire nozzle. Thus maintenance costs of such nozzle are relatively low.

j The embodiment of the nozzle shown in Fig. 3 is designed to eliminate entirely the need for replacement of the nozzle tip 21. This nozzle is substantially identical to that shown in Fig. 1 and corresponding parts have the same reference numerals primed. Thus, the nozzle shown in Fig. 3 has a metal tube 110 positioned in the bore 22 of the tip 21'. The tube 110 is of diameter such that it fits snugly in said bore, and desirably has an outwardly extending annular flange 111 at the rear end thereof which may be clamped between the shoulder 26 of tip 21' and flange 25' of body portion 11' thereby securely retaining the tube in position.

Desirably the end of bore 22' in tip 21' adjacent the nose 54 of said tip, is of enlarged diameter as at 112 forming an annular shoulder 113 through which the outlets 55' of passageways 53' extend, the end 114 of tube 110, which extends beyond said shoulder 113, guiding the mixture of inflammable gases as they emerge from the outlets 55' of the tip.

\ With the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, the operation of which is substantially identical to the nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the abrasive action of the particles will wear away only the tube 110. When this occurs, it is a relatively simple matter to remove the tip from the body portion 11 and then remove the tube 110 from the tip and replace the worn tube.

As the tubes 110 are relatively inexpensive, it is apparent that the nozzle shown in Fig. 3 may be used for long periods with only a minimum of maintenance cost.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and many apparently widely diflerent embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope of the claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion, a tip removably aifixed to said body portion, said tip and said body portion having longitudinally aligned bores therethrough, means to force a mixture of particles and gas through said longitudinally aligned bores, a pair of spaced annular grooves in the periphery of said tip adjacent the front and rear ends thereof respectively, a sleeve encompassing said tip and forming gas chambers with respect to said grooves, a plurality of gas passageways in said tip having their inlets in the annular gas chamber adjacent the rear end of said tip and their outlets arranged around the outlet of the bore therein and directed toward a common point whereby when inflammable gases are forced into said rearmost annular chamber, they will flow through said passageways and abut against the stream of particles and gas emerging from the outlet of the tip bore so that upon igniting of said inflammable gases, the particles will be transformed into a plastic state, a second set of gas passageways in said tip having their inlets in the gas chamber adjacent the nose of said tip and their outlets arranged around the outlets of said first gas passageways and the outlet of the tip bore, the outlets of said secondgas passageways also converging toward a common point, whereby when gas is forced into said second annular chamber it will flow through said second set of passageways and abut against the periphery of said stream of particles to prevent spreading thereof.

2. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion, a tip removably aflixed to said body portion, said tip and said body portion having longitudinally aligned bores therethrough, a tube in the bore of said tip, means securely yet removably retaining said tube in said bore, said tip having an annular groove about the outlet of the bore thereby defining an annular shoulder, said tube extending beyond said shoulder, means to force a mixture of particles and gas through said longitudinally aligned bores, a plurality of gas passageways in said tip having their outlets arranged around the outlet of the bore therein and directed toward a common point whereby when inflammable gases are forced through the passageways in said tip they will abut against the stream of particles and gas emerging from the outlet of the tip bore so that upon igniting of said inflammable gases the particles will be transformed into a plastic condition.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,930,373 Stubenrauch Oct. 10, 1933 2,108,998 Schori Feb. 22, 1938 2,125,764 Benoit Aug. 2, 1938 2,181,082 Hammon et a1. Nov. 21, 1939 2,544,259 Duccini et a1 Mar. 6, 1951

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